Branko Horvat (24 July 1928 – 18 December 2003) was a
Croatia
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n
economist
An economist is a professional and practitioner in the social sciences, social science discipline of economics.
The individual may also study, develop, and apply theories and concepts from economics and write about economic policy. Within this ...
and
politician
A politician is a person active in party politics, or a person holding or seeking an elected office in government. Politicians propose, support, reject and create laws that govern the land and by an extension of its people. Broadly speaking, ...
.
Horvat was born in
Petrinja
Petrinja () is a town in central Croatia near Sisak in the historic region of Banovina. It is administratively located in Sisak-Moslavina County.
On December 29, 2020, the town was hit by a strong earthquake with a magnitude of 6.4 , causin ...
on 24 July 1928. In 1944 during
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
, Horvat and his father Artur Horvat joined the
Partisan movement in Croatia.
He worked a long time at the Institute of Economic Sciences, the former Planning Institute of the
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, commonly referred to as SFR Yugoslavia or simply as Yugoslavia, was a country in Central and Southeast Europe. It emerged in 1945, following World War II, and lasted until 1992, with the breakup of Yu ...
. He was the editor of the journal ''Economic Analysis and Worker’s Self-Management'',
and collaborator of the journal
''Praxis'', to which he contributed much from an economic viewpoint, though he was never a member of the group. He was also a member of the Economic Institute of
Zagreb
Zagreb ( , , , ) is the capital (political), capital and List of cities and towns in Croatia#List of cities and towns, largest city of Croatia. It is in the Northern Croatia, northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slop ...
.
Horvat tried to unite democratic forces on a common platform, but without much success. He was highly critical of the economic policy of the
Franjo Tuđman
Franjo Tuđman (; 14 May 1922 – 10 December 1999), also written as Franjo Tudjman, was a Croatian politician and historian. Following the country's independence from Yugoslavia, he became the first president of Croatia and served as p ...
government (as he was before of the communist). A
democratic socialist
Democratic socialism is a left-wing political philosophy that supports political democracy and some form of a socially owned economy, with a particular emphasis on economic democracy, workplace democracy, and workers' self-management within ...
, he advocated a model of
market socialism
Market socialism is a type of economic system involving the public, cooperative, or social ownership of the means of production in the framework of a market economy, or one that contains a mix of worker-owned, nationalized, and privately owned ...
, dubbed the ''Illyrian model'', where firms were
owned and self-managed by their workers and competed with each other in
open and free markets. In 1992 he founded and became president of the
Social Democratic Union. Horvat organized a Balkan Conference with the primary aim of restoring cooperation between Yugoslav forces.
His most widely known study is ''The Political Economy of Socialism'' (published in 1982 in English, in 1984 in
Croatian, and in 2001 in
Chinese). He was nominated for the
Nobel Prize in Economics
The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, officially the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel ( sv, Sveriges riksbanks pris i ekonomisk vetenskap till Alfred Nobels minne), is an economics award administered ...
in 1983.
Branko Horvat's wife, Ranka Peašinović, was a professor at the
University of Zagreb.
A street in
Pristina
Pristina, ; sr, / (, ) is the capital and largest city of Kosovo. The city's municipal boundaries in District of Pristina, Pristina District form the largest urban center in Kosovo. After Tirana, Pristina has the second largest population o ...
,
Kosovo
Kosovo ( sq, Kosova or ; sr-Cyrl, Косово ), officially the Republic of Kosovo ( sq, Republika e Kosovës, links=no; sr, Република Косово, Republika Kosovo, links=no), is a international recognition of Kosovo, partiall ...
was named in Horvat's honour.
References
Sources
*
External links
* Branko Horvat (1971)
“Business Cycles in Yugoslavia”
* Branko Horvat
"An Integrated System of Social Accounts for an Economy of the Yugoslav Type"Umro profesor Branko Horvat
In memoriam
{{DEFAULTSORT:Horvat, Branko
1928 births
2003 deaths
People from Petrinja
Croatian Jews
Croatian people of Hungarian-Jewish descent
20th-century Croatian economists
Left of Croatia politicians
Yugoslav Partisans members
Jews in the Yugoslav Partisans
Croatian people of World War II
Socialist economists
Child soldiers in World War II
Yugoslav economists