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The Middle Bronze Age Cold Epoch was a period of unusually cold climate in the 
During the Middle Bronze Age Cold Epoch, a series of severe
North Atlantic
The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, with an area of about . It covers approximately 17% of Earth's surface and about 24% of its water surface area. During the Age of Discovery, it was known for ...
region that lasted about from 1800 BC to 1500 BC.
It was followed by the Bronze Age Optimum (1500—900 BC).
During the Middle Bronze Age Cold Epoch, a series of severe volcanic
A volcano is commonly defined as a vent or fissure in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.
On Earth, volcanoes are most often fo ...
eruptions occurred, including Mount Vesuvius
Mount Vesuvius ( ) is a Somma volcano, somma–stratovolcano located on the Gulf of Naples in Campania, Italy, about east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. It is one of several volcanoes forming the Campanian volcanic arc. Vesuv ...
( Avellino eruption, about 1660 BC), Mount Aniakchak
Mount Aniakchak () is a volcano on the western Alaska Peninsula. Part of the Aleutian Volcanic Arc, it was formed by the subduction of the oceanic Pacific Plate under the North American Plate. Aniakchak is a wide caldera with a break to the ...
(about 1645 BC), and Thera
Santorini (, ), officially Thira (, ) or Thera, is a Greek island in the southern Aegean Sea, about southeast from the mainland. It is the largest island of a small, circular archipelago formed by the Santorini caldera. It is the southernmos ...
(Minoan eruption
The Minoan eruption was a catastrophic volcanic eruption that devastated the Aegean island of Thera (also called Santorini) circa 1600 BCE. It destroyed the Minoan settlement at Akrotiri, as well as communities and agricultural areas on near ...
, about 1620 BC). It was replaced by the climatic optimum of the late Bronze Age 1500-900 BC .
References
History of climate variability and change Bronze Age Holocene {{climate-stub