Boris Yevseyevich Bychowsky (Борис Евсеевич Быховский, 27 August 1908 – 26 January 1974) was a Soviet

scientist A scientist is a person who Scientific method, researches to advance knowledge in an Branches of science, area of the natural sciences. In classical antiquity, there was no real ancient analog of a modern scientist. Instead, philosophers engag ...

and

parasitologist Parasitology is the study of parasites, their hosts, and the relationship between them. As a biological discipline, the scope of parasitology is not determined by the organism or environment in question but by their way of life. This means it f ...

, specialist of fish parasites, especially

monogenea Monogeneans, members of the class Monogenea, are a group of ectoparasitic flatworms commonly found on the skin, gills, or fins of fish. They have a direct lifecycle and do not require an intermediate host. Adults are hermaphrodites, meaning they ...

ns. He was director of the

Institute of Zoology The Institute of Zoology (IoZ) is the research division of the Zoological Society of London (ZSL) in England. It is a government-funded research institute specialising in scientific issues relevant to the conservation of animal species and their ha ...

of the

Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union The Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union was the highest scientific institution of the Soviet Union from 1925 to 1991. It united the country's leading scientists and was subordinated directly to the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (un ...

Leningrad Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the Neva, River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland ...

(1962–1974). Bychowsky is the author of more than 100 scientific publications, mostly on

systematics Systematics is the study of the diversification of living forms, both past and present, and the relationships among living things through time. Relationships are visualized as evolutionary trees (synonyms: phylogenetic trees, phylogenies). Phy ...

ns. His most famous work was his

monography A monograph is generally a long-form work on one (usually scholarly) subject, or one aspect of a subject, typically created by a single author or artist (or, sometimes, by two or more authors). Traditionally it is in written form and published as ...

on monogeneans (1957), which was translated into English in 1961.

Education

*1930: graduated from the biology department of Physics and Mathematics Faculty of

Leningrad State University Saint Petersburg State University (SPBGU; ) is a public research university in Saint Petersburg, Russia, and one of the oldest and most prestigious universities in Russia. Founded in 1724 by a decree of Peter the Great, the university from the be ...

*1935: PhD in biological sciences *1956:

Habilitation Habilitation is the highest university degree, or the procedure by which it is achieved, in Germany, France, Italy, Poland and some other European and non-English-speaking countries. The candidate fulfills a university's set criteria of excelle ...

in biological sciences

Career

*1929–1935: Laboratory of fish diseases Institute of Fisheries (Leningrad); *1935–1940: Zoological Institute of the

*1940–1944: Deputy Chairman of the Presidium of the

Tajikistan Tajikistan, officially the Republic of Tajikistan, is a landlocked country in Central Asia. Dushanbe is the capital city, capital and most populous city. Tajikistan borders Afghanistan to the Afghanistan–Tajikistan border, south, Uzbekistan to ...

Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union *1942–1962: Deputy director of the Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union in Leningrad *1962–1974: Director of the Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union

Honours

*1963: Academician-Secretary of the Department of General Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union *1964:

Order of Lenin The Order of Lenin (, ) was an award named after Vladimir Lenin, the leader of the October Revolution. It was established by the Central Executive Committee on 6 April 1930. The order was the highest civilian decoration bestowed by the Soviet ...

Order of the Red Banner of Labour The Order of the Red Banner of Labour () was an order of the Soviet Union established to honour great deeds and services to the Soviet state and society in the fields of production, science, culture, literature, the arts, education, sports ...

Taxa named in his honour

The following

taxa In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; : taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and ...

were created in his honour. Most are parasites of fish.WoRMS
marinespecies.org ;Family: *

Bychowskicotylidae Bychowskicotylidae is a family of monogeneans in the order Mazocraeidea.WoRMS (2018). Bychowskicotylidae Lebedev, 1969. Accessed at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=518771 on 2018-08-10 The name of the family, and of its type- ...

Lebedev, 1969 ;

Genera Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial s ...

: *''Bychowskicotyle'' Lebedev, 1969 *''Bychowskya'' Nagibina, 1968 *''Bychowskyella'' Akhmerov, 1952, including ''Bychowskyella bychowskii'' Gusev, 1977 (both genus and species names dedicated to Bychowsky) *''Bychowskymonogenea'' Caballero & Bravo-Hollis, 1972 ;

Species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...

: Numerous species of

ns, including ''Absonifibula bychowskyi'' Lawler & Overstreet, 1976, ''Caniongiella bychowskyi'' Lebedev, 1976, ''Cribromazocraes bychowskyi'' Mamaev, 1981, ''Dicrumenia bychowskyi'' Mamaev, 1969, ''Dionchus bychowskyi'' Timofeeva, 1989, ''Euryhaliotrema bychowskyi'' (Obodnikova, 1976)

Kritsky ''Kritsky'' is a genus of digeneans in the family Aporocotylidae or blood flukes.WoRMS (2018). Kritsky Orelis-Ribeiro & Bullard, 2016. Accessed at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=871002 on 2018-09-23 The name of the genus ...

& Boeger, 2002, ''Gyrodactyloides bychowskii'' Albova, 1948, ''Gyrodactylus bychowskyi'' (Albova, 1948), ''Heterobothrium bychowskyi'' Ogawa, 1991, ''Mazocraeoides bychowskyi'' Caballero & Caballero, 1976, '' Mexicana bychowskyi'' Caballero & Bravo-Hollis, 1959, ''Mexicotrema bychowskyi'' Lamothe-Argumedo, 1969, ''Murraytrema bychowskyi'' Oliver, 1987, ''Murraytrematoides bychowskii'' (Nagibina, 1976) Oliver, 1987, ''Neohaliotrema bychowskii'' Zhukov, 1976, ''Neoheterocotyle bychowskyi'' (Timofeeva, 1981) Chisholm, 1994, ''Neotetraonchus bychowskyi'' Bravo-Hollis, 1968, ''Osphyobothrus bychowskyi'' Khoche & Chauhan, 1969, ''Pseudaxinoides bychowskyi'' Lebedev, 1977, ''Pseudodiplectanum bychowskii'' Nagibina, 1977,

digenea Digenea (Gr. ''Dis'' – double, ''Genos'' – race) is a class of trematodes in the Platyhelminthes phylum, consisting of parasitic flatworms (known as ''flukes'') with a syncytial tegument and, usually, two suckers, one ventral and one or ...

ns such as ''Genolopa bychowskii'' Zhukov, 1977, ''Hysterogonia bychowskii'' Korotaeva, 1972, and ''Phyllodistomum borisbychowskyi'' Caballero y Caballero, 1969, parasitic

isopods Isopoda is an Order (biology), order of crustaceans. Members of this group are called isopods and include both Aquatic animal, aquatic species and Terrestrial animal, terrestrial species such as woodlice. All have rigid, segmented exoskeletons ...

such as ''Cymothoa bychowskyi'' Avdeev, 1979 and parasitic

copepod Copepods (; meaning 'oar-feet') are a group of small crustaceans found in nearly every freshwater and saltwater habitat (ecology), habitat. Some species are planktonic (living in the water column), some are benthos, benthic (living on the sedimen ...

s such as ''Lepeophtheirus bychowskyi'' Gusev, 1951, and the

Microsporidia Microsporidia are a group of spore-forming unicellular parasites. These spores contain an extrusion apparatus that has a coiled polar tube ending in an anchoring disc at the apical part of the spore.Franzen, C. (2005). How do Microsporidia inva ...

''Glugea bychowsky'' Gasimagomedov & Issi, 1970. In addition to all these fish parasites, the biting midge ''Culicoides bychowskyi'' Dzhafarov, 1964 (

Ceratopogonidae Ceratopogonidae is a family of flies commonly known as no-see-ums, sand flies or biting midges, generally in length. The family includes more than 5,000 species, distributed worldwide, apart from the Antarctic and the Arctic. A 2025 study fro ...

Diptera Flies are insects of the order Diptera, the name being derived from the Greek δι- ''di-'' "two", and πτερόν ''pteron'' "wing". Insects of this order use only a single pair of wings to fly, the hindwings having evolved into advance ...

) was also named after Bychowsky.

References

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bychowsky, Boris Evseevitch 1908 births 1974 deaths Scientists from Saint Petersburg Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences Saint Petersburg State University alumni Recipients of the Order of Lenin Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour Zoologists with author abbreviations Soviet zoologists Burials at Bogoslovskoe Cemetery Soviet parasitologists