Asian land mammal ages
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The Asian land mammal ages, acronym ALMA, establish a
geologic timescale The geologic time scale, or geological time scale, (GTS) is a representation of time based on the rock record of Earth. It is a system of chronological dating that uses chronostratigraphy (the process of relating strata to time) and geochr ...
for prehistoric Asian
fauna Fauna is all of the animal life present in a particular region or time. The corresponding term for plants is ''flora'', and for fungi, it is ''funga''. Flora, fauna, funga and other forms of life are collectively referred to as ''Biota (ecology ...
beginning 58.7 Mya during the Paleogene and continuing through to the
Miocene The Miocene ( ) is the first epoch (geology), geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and mea ...
( Aquitanian) (23.03 Ma). These periods are referred to as ages, stages, or intervals and were established using geographic place names where fossil materials where obtained. The basic unit of measure is the first/last boundary statement. This shows that the first appearance event of one taxon is known to predate the last appearance event of another. If two
taxa In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular nam ...
are found in the same
fossil A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved ...
quarry A quarry is a type of open-pit mine in which dimension stone, rock, construction aggregate, riprap, sand, gravel, or slate is excavated from the ground. The operation of quarries is regulated in some jurisdictions to reduce their envir ...
or at the same
stratigraphic Stratigraphy is a branch of geology concerned with the study of rock layers (strata) and layering (stratification). It is primarily used in the study of sedimentary and layered volcanic rocks. Stratigraphy has three related subfields: lithostra ...
horizon, then their age-range zones overlap.


Ages

* Tabenbulakian: Lower boundary 28.4 Ma. Upper boundary 23.03 Ma. * Hsandagolian: Lower boundary 33.9 Ma. Upper boundary 23.03 Ma. *
Kekeamuan The Kekeamuan age is a period of geologic time (33.9–28.4 Ma) within the Early Oligocene Epoch of the Paleogene Period. It is used more specifically with Asian Land Mammal Ages. It follows the Houldjinian and precedes the Hsandagolian age. The ...
: Lower boundary 33.9 Ma. Upper boundary 28.4 Ma. *
Houldjinian The Houldjinian age is a period of geologic time (37.2–33.9 Ma) within the Late Eocene epoch of the Paleogene used more specifically with Asian Land Mammal Ages. It follows the Ergilian and precedes the Kekeamuan age. The Houldjinian's lower bo ...
: Lower boundary 37.2 Ma. Upper boundary after 33.9 Ma. *
Ergilian The Ergilian age is a period of geologic time (37.2–33.9 Ma) within the Late Eocene epoch of the Paleogene used more specifically with Asian Land Mammal Ages. It follows the Ulangochuian and precedes the Houldjinian age. The Ergilian's lower ...
: Lower boundary before 37.2 Ma. Upper boundary after 33.9 Ma. * Ulangochuian: Lower boundary before 37.2 Ma. Upper boundary 33.9 Ma. * Sharamurunian: Lower boundary 48.6 Ma. Upper boundary 37.2 Ma. *
Irdinmanhan The Irdinmanhan age is a period of geologic time (48.6–37.2 Ma) within the Middle Eocene epoch of the Paleogene used more specifically with Asian Land Mammal Ages. It follows the Arshantan and precedes the Sharamurunian age. The Irdinmanhan's lo ...
: Lower boundary 48.6 Ma. Upper boundary 37.2 Ma. *
Arshantan The Arshantan age is a period of geologic time (48.6–37.2 Ma) within the Early Eocene epoch of the Paleogene used more specifically with Asian Land Mammal Ages. It follows the Bumbanian age and precedes the Irdinmanhan age. The upper boundary l ...
: Lower boundary 48.6 Ma. Upper boundary 37.2 Ma. *
Bumbanian The Bumbanian is an Asian Land Mammal Age (ALMA), a large biozone which corresponds to ages between 55.8–46.8 Ma for finds of fossil mammals in Asia. This zone lies within the Ypresian stage of the Eocene The Eocene ( ) Epoch is a geological ...
: Lower boundary 55.8 Ma. Upper boundary 48.6 Ma. *
Gashatan The Gashatan is an Asian Land Mammal Age, a large biozone which corresponds to ages between 58.7–55.8 Ma for finds of fossil mammals in Asia. This zone lies within the Thanetian stage of the Paleocene series. It precedes the Bumbanian The Bumba ...
: Lower boundary 58.7 Ma. Upper boundary 55.8 Ma.


Other continental ages

*
European land mammal age The European Land Mammal Mega Zones (abbreviation: ELMMZ, more commonly known as European land mammal ages or ELMA) are zones in rock layers that have a specific assemblage of fossils (biozones) based on occurrences of fossil assemblages of Europe ...
*
North American land mammal age The North American land mammal ages (NALMA) establishes a geologic timescale for North American fauna beginning during the Late Cretaceous and continuing through to the present. These periods are referred to as ages or intervals (or stages when re ...
*
South American land mammal age The South American land mammal ages (SALMA) establish a geologic timescale for prehistoric South American fauna beginning 64.5 Ma during the Paleocene and continuing through to the Late Pleistocene (0.011 Ma). These periods are referred to as age ...


See also

*
Biochronology In paleontology, biochronology is the correlation in time of biological events using fossils. In its strict sense, it refers to the use of assemblages of fossils that are not tied to stratigraphic sections (in contrast to biostratigraphy, where t ...


References

{{reflist
Paleo Database
Regional geologic time scales Biochronology Cenozoic Asia *