The Armed Forces of Serbia and Montenegro ( sh-Cyrl-Latn, Војска Србије и Црне Горе, Vojska Srbije i Crne Gore, ВСЦГ / ''VSCG'') included ground forces with internal and border troops,

naval forces A navy, naval force, or maritime force is the branch of a nation's armed forces principally designated for naval and amphibious warfare; namely, lake-borne, riverine, littoral, or ocean-borne combat operations and related functions. It include ...

, air and air defense forces, and

civil defense Civil defense ( en, region=gb, civil defence) or civil protection is an effort to protect the citizens of a state (generally non-combatants) from man-made and natural disasters. It uses the principles of emergency operations: prevention, mit ...

. Preceding the ''VSCG'' was the Yugoslav Army (1992–2003; sh-Cyrl-Latn, link=no, separator=" / ", Војска Југославије, BJ , Vojska Jugoslavije, VJ, Army of Yugoslavia) from the remnants of the

Yugoslav People's Army The Yugoslav People's Army (abbreviated as JNA/; Macedonian and sr-Cyrl-Latn, Југословенска народна армија, Jugoslovenska narodna armija; Croatian and bs, Jugoslavenska narodna armija; sl, Jugoslovanska ljudska ar ...

(JNA), the military of

SFR Yugoslavia The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, commonly referred to as SFR Yugoslavia or simply as Yugoslavia, was a country in Central and Southeast Europe. It emerged in 1945, following World War II, and lasted until 1992, with the breakup of Yu ...

. The state, then named

Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Serbia and Montenegro ( sr, Cрбија и Црна Гора, translit=Srbija i Crna Gora) was a country in Southeast Europe located in the Balkans that existed from 1992 to 2006, following the breakup of the Socialist Federal Republic of ...

, participated in the Yugoslav Wars with limited direct intervention of its own armed forces. Following the end of the Wars and the constitutional reforms of 2003 by which the state was renamed "Serbia and Montenegro", the military accordingly changed its name. The military was heavily involved in combating Albanian separatists during the

Kosovo War The Kosovo War was an armed conflict in Kosovo that started 28 February 1998 and lasted until 11 June 1999. It was fought by the forces of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (i.e. Serbia and Montenegro), which controlled Kosovo before the war ...

and Preševo Valley conflict, and also engaged

NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two N ...

airplanes during the 1999

NATO bombing of Yugoslavia The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) carried out an aerial bombing campaign against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia during the Kosovo War. The air strikes lasted from 24 March 1999 to 10 June 1999. The bombings continued until an a ...

. Upon the dissolution of Serbia and Montenegro with the Montenegrin independence referendum (2006), a fraction of the joint military was given to Montenegro, with the bulk of the force remaining in

Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia ( Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pannonian Basin and the Balkans. It shares land borders with Hu ...

. Montenegro inherited the navy as Serbia is landlocked.

Organization

VJ

The Armed Forces of Yugoslavia (VJ) was organized into the following:

Ground Forces

*1st Army **Novi Sad Corps **Belgrade Command **Kragujevac Corps **Independent units *2nd Army **Podgorica Corps **Užice Corps **Independent units *3rd Army **Niš Corps **Leskovac Corps **Priština Corps **Independent units

Navy

*War Command *Flotilla *81st *83rd *85th *108th *110th *82nd *69th *367th *9th *10th *27th *61st *223rd *9th

Air Force

VSCG

Ground Forces

Inventory

Ground Forces

;Armoured vehicles *

M-84 The M-84 is a Yugoslav main battle tank, a variant of the Soviet T-72. The M-84 is still in service in Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kuwait. Development and production Development The M-84 is based on the Soviet T-72M (expo ...

T-55 The T-54 and T-55 tanks are a series of Soviet main battle tanks introduced in the years following the Second World War. The first T-54 prototype was completed at Nizhny Tagil by the end of 1945.Steven Zaloga, T-54 and T-55 Main Battle Tank ...

A-~750 * M-80A *

BTR-50 The BTR-50 (BTR stands for ''Bronetransporter'' (БТР, Бронетранспортер), literally "armored transporter") is a Soviet amphibious armored personnel carrier (APC) based on the PT-76 light tank. The BTR-50 is tracked, unlike mos ...

BRDM-2 The BRDM-2 (''Boyevaya Razvedyvatelnaya Dozornaya Mashina'', Боевая Разведывательная Дозорная Машина, literally "Combat Reconnaissance/Patrol Vehicle") is an amphibious armoured scout car used by states that we ...

* BOV ;Artillery * M-46 * M-56 * M-84 Nora-A * D-30 * 2S1 Gvozdika * M-63 * M-77 ;Air Defence * Bofors 40 mm gun L/70 *

M53/59 Praga The M53/59 Praga is a Czechoslovak self-propelled anti-aircraft gun developed in the late 1950s. It consists of a heavily modified Praga V3S six-wheel drive truck chassis, armed with a twin 30 mm AA autocannon mounted on the rear for which t ...

– 100–200 *

SA-7 The 9K32 Strela-2 (russian: Cтрела, "arrow"; NATO reporting name SA-7 Grail) is a light-weight, shoulder-fired, surface-to-air missile (or MANPADS) system. It is designed to target aircraft at low altitudes with passive infrared homing gui ...

SA-14 The 9K34 Strela-3 (russian: 9К34 «Стрела-3», 'arrow', NATO reporting name: SA-14 Gremlin) is a man-portable air defense missile system (MANPADS) developed in the Soviet Union as a response to the poor performance of the earlier 9K32 Str ...

* SA-18 *

SA-9 The 9K31 ''Strela-1'' (russian: 9К31 «Стрела-1»; en, arrow) is a highly mobile, short-range, low altitude infra-red guided surface-to-air missile system. Originally developed by the Soviet Union under the GRAU designation 9K31, it is c ...

* SA-13 *

SA-3 The S-125 ''Neva/Pechora'' (russian: С-125 "Нева"/"Печора", NATO reporting name SA-3 ''Goa'') is a Soviet surface-to-air missile system that was designed by Aleksei Isaev to complement the S-25 and S-75. It has a shorter effective ra ...

* SA-6 ;Infantry weapons * CZ-99 Pistol 9 mm * M70A/M70B1 Assault Rifles 7.62 mm * M93 Black Arrow Long Range Rifle * BGA * M76 7.9 mm Sniper rifle * M72 7.62 mm Machine gun * M84 7.62 mm Machine gun * M87 12.7 mm Heavy Machine gun * AT-3 Sagger * AT-4 Spigot * M79 "Osa" 90 mm * M80 "Zolja" 64 mm rocket grenade launcher

Air Force

The inventory included MiG-21 (fighter/recon/trainer),

MiG-29 The Mikoyan MiG-29 (russian: Микоян МиГ-29; NATO reporting name: Fulcrum) is a twin-engine fighter aircraft designed in the Soviet Union. Developed by the Mikoyan design bureau as an air superiority fighter during the 1970s, the Mi ...

(fighter/trainer), Soko J-22 (ground/recon/trainer),

Soko G-2 The Soko G-2 Galeb ( en, Seagull) is a Yugoslav single engine, two-seater jet trainer and light ground-attack aircraft. The G-2 was developed during the 1950s by the Aeronautical Technical Institute at Žarkovo as a replacement for the Lockheed ...

(fighter/bomber/trainer),

Soko G-4 The Soko G-4 Super Galeb ( en, Super Seagull), also referred to as N-62, is a Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Yugoslav single-engine, advanced jet trainer and light ground-attack aircraft designed by the Aeronautical Technical Institute ...

(fighter/bomber/target/trainer,

Antonov An-2 The Antonov An-2 ("kukuruznik"—corn crop duster; USAF/DoD reporting name Type 22, NATO reporting name Colt) is a Soviet mass-produced single-engine biplane utility/agricultural aircraft designed and manufactured by the Antonov Design Bure ...

(cargo), Antonov An-26 (cargo), Yakovlev Yak-40 (VIP),

Mil Mi-8 The Mil Mi-8 (russian: Ми-8, NATO reporting name: Hip) is a medium twin-turbine helicopter, originally designed by the Soviet Union in the 1960s and introduced into the Soviet Air Force in 1968. It is now produced by Russia. In addition to ...

(multirole),

Mil Mi-14 The Mil Mi-14 (russian: Миль Ми-14, NATO reporting name: Haze) is a Soviet shore-based nuclear-capable amphibious anti-submarine helicopter derived from the earlier Mi-8. Design and development Formal development of an anti-submarine warf ...

(anti-submarine),

Kamov Ka-25 The Kamov Ka-25 (NATO reporting name "Hormone") is a naval helicopter, developed for the Soviet Navy in the USSR from 1958. Design and development In the late 1950s there was an urgent demand for anti-submarine helicopters for deployment on ne ...

(anti-submarine), Kamov Ka-28 (anti-submarine), Aérospatiale Gazelle (attack/utility/recon).

Navy

The Navy, known as the Yugoslav Navy () from 1992 to 2003 and the Navy of Serbia and Montenegro () from 2003 to 2006, was based in Kotor and was largely made of vessels inherited from the pre-1992 Federal Yugoslav Navy (). During

's Operation Allied Force in 1999, the Navy took control over civilian shipping around Kotor, despite NATO's blockade and in several actions the navy's warships fired at NATO aircraft that were on their way to strike Yugoslav targets. The Navy claimed to have shot down three

UAV An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), commonly known as a drone, is an aircraft without any human pilot, crew, or passengers on board. UAVs are a component of an unmanned aircraft system (UAS), which includes adding a ground-based controller ...

s over

Boka Kotorska The Bay of Kotor ( Montenegrin and Serbian: , Italian: ), also known as the Boka, is a winding bay of the Adriatic Sea in southwestern Montenegro and the region of Montenegro concentrated around the bay. It is also the southernmost part of the hi ...

. The images of the remains of one of them were displayed online."UAV Remains in Yugoslavia"
/ref> * ''Koni''-class frigate (2) * ''Kotor''-class frigate (2) * ''Heroj''-class submarine (3) * ''Sava''-class submarine (2) * ''Una''-class submarine (5) * ''Končar''-class missile boat (6) * Osa class missile boat (10) *Jadran sailboat *Neštin class minesweeper (7) *Kozara river ship

Intelligence

* Security Administration

Operational experience

Croatian War The Croatian War of Independence was fought from 1991 to 1995 between Croat forces loyal to the Government of Croatia—which had declared independence from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY)—and the Serb-controlled Yug ...

and

Bosnian War The Bosnian War ( sh, Rat u Bosni i Hercegovini / Рат у Босни и Херцеговини) was an international armed conflict that took place in Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1992 and 1995. The war is commonly seen as having started ...

(1992–1995), unofficially, logistical support and supplies * Insurgency in Kosovo (27 May 1995 – 28 February 1998), belligerent, counter-terrorism *

(28 March 1998 – 11 June 1999), including

(23 March – 10 June 1999), belligerent * Insurgency in the Preševo Valley (12 June 1999 – 1 June 2001), belligerent, counter-terrorism

Statistics

image:Yu MBT M-84 01.jpg, 200px, The

Main Battle Tank Civilians fit for military service were estimated at about 4,888,595 (2001 est.). The 2002 estimate for military expenditures as percent of GDP was 4.6%. Significant reforms were undertaken in the military of Serbia and Montenegro. In 2002 the Serbo-Montenegrin Military force numbered around 117,500 soldiers, supported by some 450,000 reserves. The 100,000 strong Army had 1,500 main battle tanks and 687 armed infantry vehicles. The Navy had 3,500 personnel, of whom 900 were marines. The entire Navy was composed totally out of 6

submarine A submarine (or sub) is a watercraft capable of independent operation underwater. It differs from a submersible, which has more limited underwater capability. The term is also sometimes used historically or colloquially to refer to remotely op ...

s, 3

frigate A frigate () is a type of warship. In different eras, the roles and capabilities of ships classified as frigates have varied somewhat. The name frigate in the 17th to early 18th centuries was given to any full-rigged ship built for speed an ...

s, 41 patrol & coastal ships and 14 "other" vessels. The Air force 14,000 personnel had 192 combat aircraft and 72 armed helicopters.

Branches

*Army or Ground Forces (Kopnena vojska – KoV VSCG) *Air Force and Air Defense (Ratno Vazduhoplovstvo i Protivvazdušna odbrana – RV i PVO VSCG) *Navy (Ratna Mornarica – RM VSCG) Military manpower – military age: 19 years of age (2003 est.) Military manpower – availability:
''males age 15–49:'' 3,579,620 (2003 est.) Military manpower – fit for military service:
''males age 15–49:'' 3,077,660 (2003 est.) Military manpower – reaching military age annually:
''males:'' 101,547 (2003 est.) Military expenditures – dollar figure: $954 million (2002) Military expenditures – percent of GDP: 4.6% (2002. est.)

International deployment

The VSCG was part of MONUC, the UN mission in the Congo. The VSCG was also part of

UNAMSIL The United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL) was a United Nations peacekeeping operation in Sierra Leone from 1999 to 2006. It was created by the United Nations Security Council in October 1999 to help with the implementation of the Lomé ...

, the UN mission into

Sierra Leone Sierra Leone,)]. officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country on the southwest coast of West Africa. It is bordered by Liberia to the southeast and Guinea surrounds the northern half of the nation. Covering a total area of , Sierr ...

. Last chief of staff of the Military of Serbia and Montenegro was general Ljubiša Jokić.

Notes

References

External links

Yugoslavia Ground Forces

Serbian and Montenegrin Armed Forces / Vojska Srbije i Crne Gore – VSCG

Army of Yugoslavia / Vojska Jugoslavije

The Great Secret of Serbian Military Affair
which covers the time when Serbia and Montenegro was in the state union

{{authority control Military units and formations established in 1992 Disbanded armed forces

Organization

VJ

Ground Forces

Navy

Air Force

VSCG

Ground Forces

Inventory

Ground Forces

Air Force

Navy

Intelligence

Operational experience

Statistics

Branches

International deployment

See also

Notes

References

External links