''Armadillidium'' () is a genus of the small terrestrial

crustacean Crustaceans (Crustacea, ) form a large, diverse arthropod taxon which includes such animals as decapods, seed shrimp, branchiopods, fish lice, krill, remipedes, isopods, barnacles, copepods, amphipods and mantis shrimp. The crustacean group ...

known as the woodlouse. ''Armadillidium'' are also commonly known as pill woodlice, leg pebbles, pill bugs, roly-poly, or potato bugs, and are often confused with

pill millipede Pill millipedes are any members of two living (and one extinct) orders of millipedes, often grouped together into a single superorder, Oniscomorpha. The name Oniscomorpha refers to the millipedes' resemblance to certain woodlice (Oniscidea), als ...

s such as ''

Glomeris marginata ''Glomeris marginata'' is a common European species of pill millipede. It is a short millipede, rounded in cross-section, which is capable of rolling itself up into a ball ("volvation") when disturbed. This behaviour is also found in the pill wo ...

''. They are characterised by their ability to roll into a ball (" volvation") when disturbed.

Distribution and habitat

They typically feed on moss, algae, bark and other decaying organic matter. They are usually found in moist areas such as decomposing leaf matter and soil. ''

Armadillidium vulgare ''Armadillidium vulgare'', the common pill-bug, potato bug, common pill woodlouse, roly-poly, slater, doodle bug, or carpenter, is a widespread European species of woodlouse. It is the most extensively investigated terrestrial isopod species. ...

'' is the most abundant species in Europe and has been introduced worldwide. However, the vast majority of species are endemic to small regions close to the Mediterranean Sea, in much lower numbers than common species such as ''A. vulgare'', and hence are understudied.

Description

Unlike other terrestrial

arthropod Arthropods (, (gen. ποδός)) are invertebrate animals with an exoskeleton, a segmented body, and paired jointed appendages. Arthropods form the phylum Arthropoda. They are distinguished by their jointed limbs and cuticle made of chitin, o ...

s such as insects and spiders, pill bugs do not have a waxy cuticle that would reduce evaporation from their bodies. Pill bugs also use modified lungs, called pseudotrachea, for respiration, and the lungs must remain moist to function. Individual pill bugs typically live for two or three years, and females brood eggs once or twice each summer. Several hundred eggs are brooded at a time in the marsupium, a pocket on the ventral side of the female pill bug. The marsupium must also be kept filled with water until the young hatch and crawl away. The colouration especially of young '' A. klugii'' resembles the red hourglass marking of the Mediterranean black widow ''

Latrodectus tredecimguttatus ''Latrodectus tredecimguttatus'', also known as the Mediterranean black widow, or the European black widow, is a species in the genus '' Latrodectus'' of the widow spiders. It is commonly found throughout the Mediterranean region, ranging fro ...

''. This is probably a kind of mimicry, to ward off predators that mistake the harmless animal for a venomous spider.Revision of the Armadillidium klugii-group (Isopoda: Oniscidea)
/ref>

Species

File:The British Woodlice 68.png, ''

Armadillidium depressum ''Armadillidium depressum'', the southern pill woodlouse is a large, relatively common British species of woodlouse characterized by its "splayed" appearance. Description ''Armadillidium depressum'' may reach a length of 20 millimetres (0.71&n ...

'' File:A-granulatum (Alvesgaspar) PD-original D dorsal.jpg, ''

Armadillidium granulatum ''Armadillidium'' () is a genus of the small terrestrial crustacean known as the woodlouse. ''Armadillidium'' are also commonly known as pill woodlice, leg pebbles, pill bugs, roly-poly, or potato bugs, and are often confused with pill millipedes ...

'' File:Armadillidium lagrecai crop.tif, ''

Armadillidium lagrecai ''Armadillidium'' () is a genus of the small terrestrial crustacean known as the woodlouse. ''Armadillidium'' are also commonly known as pill woodlice, leg pebbles, pill bugs, roly-poly, or potato bugs, and are often confused with pill millipedes ...

'' File:Armadillidium-pictum-07-VIII-2007-01.jpg, '' Armadillidium pictum'' File:The British Woodlice 67.png, '' Armadillidium pulchellum'' File:Armadillidium vulgare 001.jpg, ''

'' File:Armadillidium nasatum 01.jpg, ''

Armadillidium nasatum ''Armadillidium nasatum'' is a large, Western European-based species of woodlouse that has been introduced to North America, along with ''Armadillidium vulgare'' also found in other parts of Europe. Description ''Armadillidium nasatum'' can ...

'' File:Isópodo (Armadillidium opacum), Hartelholz, Múnich, Alemania, 2020-06-28, DD 640-678 FS.jpg, Macro shot of an ''

Armadillidium opacum ''Armadillidium'' () is a genus of the small terrestrial crustacean known as the woodlouse A woodlouse (plural woodlice) is an isopod crustacean from the polyphyleticThe current consensus is that Oniscidea is actually triphyletic subord ...

'' There are 189 recognised species in the genus ''Armadillidium'': * ''

Armadillidium absoloni ''Armadillidium'' () is a genus of the small terrestrial crustacean known as the woodlouse. ''Armadillidium'' are also commonly known as pill woodlice, leg pebbles, pill bugs, roly-poly, or potato bugs, and are often confused with pill millipedes ...

'' Strouhal, 1939 * ''

Armadillidium aegaeum ''Armadillidium'' () is a genus of the small terrestrial crustacean known as the woodlouse. ''Armadillidium'' are also commonly known as pill woodlice, leg pebbles, pill bugs, roly-poly, or potato bugs, and are often confused with pill millipedes ...

'' Strouhal, 1929 * ''

Armadillidium aelleni ''Armadillidium'' () is a genus of the small terrestrial crustacean known as the woodlouse. ''Armadillidium'' are also commonly known as pill woodlice, leg pebbles, pill bugs, roly-poly, or potato bugs, and are often confused with pill millipedes ...

'' Caruso & Ferrara, 1982 * ''

Armadillidium alassiense ''Armadillidium'' () is a genus of the small terrestrial crustacean known as the woodlouse. ''Armadillidium'' are also commonly known as pill woodlice, leg pebbles, pill bugs, roly-poly, or potato bugs, and are often confused with pill millipedes ...

'' Verhoeff, 1910 * ''

Armadillidium albigauni ''Armadillidium'' () is a genus of the small terrestrial crustacean known as the woodlouse. ''Armadillidium'' are also commonly known as pill woodlice, leg pebbles, pill bugs, roly-poly, or potato bugs, and are often confused with pill millipedes ...

'' Arcangeli, 1935 * ''

Armadillidium albomarginatum ''Armadillidium'' () is a genus of the small terrestrial crustacean known as the woodlouse. ''Armadillidium'' are also commonly known as pill woodlice, leg pebbles, pill bugs, roly-poly, or potato bugs, and are often confused with pill millipedes ...

'' Verhoeff, 1901 * ''

Armadillidium album ''Armadillidium'' () is a genus of the small terrestrial crustacean known as the woodlouse. ''Armadillidium'' are also commonly known as pill woodlice, leg pebbles, pill bugs, roly-poly, or potato bugs, and are often confused with pill millipedes ...

'' Dollfus, 1887 * ''

Armadillidium ameglioi ''Armadillidium'' () is a genus of the small terrestrial crustacean known as the woodlouse. ''Armadillidium'' are also commonly known as pill woodlice, leg pebbles, pill bugs, roly-poly, or potato bugs, and are often confused with pill millipedes ...

'' Arcangeli, 1914 * ''

Armadillidium amicorum ''Armadillidium'' () is a genus of the small terrestrial crustacean known as the woodlouse. ''Armadillidium'' are also commonly known as pill woodlice, leg pebbles, pill bugs, roly-poly, or potato bugs, and are often confused with pill millipedes ...

'' Rodríguez & Vicente, 1993 * '' Armadillidium anconanum'' Verhoeff, 1928 * '' Armadillidium apenninigenum'' Verhoeff, 1936 * '' Armadillidium apenninorum'' Verhoeff, 1928 * '' Armadillidium apfelbecki'' Dollfus, 1895 * '' Armadillidium apuanum'' Taiti & Ferrara, 1995 * '' Armadillidium arcadicum'' Verhoeff, 1902 * '' Armadillidium arcangelii'' Strouhal, 1929 * '' Armadillidium argentarium'' Verhoeff, 1931 * '' Armadillidium argolicum'' Verhoeff, 1907 * '' Armadillidium artense'' Strouhal, 1956 * '' Armadillidium assimile'' Budde-Lund, 1885 * '' Armadillidium atticum'' Strouhal, 1929 * '' Armadillidium azerbaidzhanum'' Schmalfuss, 1990 * '' Armadillidium badium'' Budde-Lund, 1885 * '' Armadillidium baldense'' Verhoeff, 1902 * '' Armadillidium banaticum'' Verhoeff, 1907 * '' Armadillidium beieri'' Strouhal, 1937 * '' Armadillidium bensei'' Schmalfuss, 2006 * '' Armadillidium bicurvatum'' Verhoeff, 1901 * '' Armadillidium bosniense'' Strouhal, 1939 * '' Armadillidium boukorninense'' Hamaied, Charfi-Cheikhrouha & Lombardo, 2018 * '' Armadillidium brentanum'' Verhoeff, 1931 * '' Armadillidium bulgaricum'' Frankenberger, 1941 * '' Armadillidium calabricum'' Verhoeff, 1908 * '' Armadillidium canaliferum'' Verhoeff, 1908 * '' Armadillidium capreae'' Verhoeff, 1944 * '' Armadillidium carniolense'' Verhoeff, 1901 * '' Armadillidium carynthiacum'' Verhoeff, 1939 * '' Armadillidium cavannai'' Arcangeli, 1960 * '' Armadillidium cephalonicum'' Strouhal, 1929 * '' Armadillidium chazaliei'' Dollfus, 1896 * '' Armadillidium clausi'' Verhoeff, 1901 * '' Armadillidium clavigerum'' Verhoeff, 1928 * '' Armadillidium corcyraeum'' Verhoeff, 1901 * '' Armadillidium cruzi'' Garcia, 2003 * '' Armadillidium cythereium'' Strouhal, 1937 * '' Armadillidium dalmaticum'' Strouhal, 1939 * ''

Armadillidium decorum ''Armadillidium'' () is a genus of the small terrestrial crustacean known as the woodlouse. ''Armadillidium'' are also commonly known as pill woodlice, leg pebbles, pill bugs, roly-poly, or potato bugs, and are often confused with pill millipe ...

'' Brandt, 1833 * '' Armadillidium delattini'' Verhoeff, 1943 * ''

'' Brandt, 1833 * '' Armadillidium djebalensis'' Vandel, 1958 * '' Armadillidium dollfusi'' Verhoeff, 1902 * '' Armadillidium elysii'' Verhoeff, 1936 * '' Armadillidium epiroticum'' Strouhal, 1956 * '' Armadillidium espanyoli'' Cruz, 1990 * '' Armadillidium esterelanum'' Dollfus, 1887 * '' Armadillidium etruriae'' Ferrara & Taiti, 1978 * '' Armadillidium euxinum'' Verhoeff, 1929 * '' Armadillidium fallax'' Brandt, 1833 * '' Armadillidium ficalbii'' Arcangeli, 1911 * '' Armadillidium flavoscutatum'' Strouhal, 1927 * '' Armadillidium fossuligerum'' Verhoeff, 1902 * '' Armadillidium frontemarginatum'' Strouhal, 1927 * '' Armadillidium frontetriangulum'' Verhoeff, 1901 * '' Armadillidium furcatum'' Budde-Lund, 1885 * '' Armadillidium galiciense'' Schmölzer, 1955 * '' Armadillidium germanicum'' Verhoeff, 1901 * '' Armadillidium gestroi'' Tua, 1900 * '' Armadillidium ghardalamensis'' Caruso & Hili, 1991 * '' Armadillidium gionum'' Schmalfuss, 2012 * ''

'' Brandt, 1833 * '' Armadillidium grimmi'' Schmalfuss, 2006 * '' Armadillidium hauseni'' Schmalfuss, 1985 * '' Armadillidium herzegowinense'' Verhoeff, 1907 * '' Armadillidium hessei'' Verhoeff, 1930 * '' Armadillidium hirtum'' Budde-Lund, 1885 * '' Armadillidium humectum'' Strouhal, 1937 * '' Armadillidium ichkeuli'' Hamaied & Charfi-Cheikhrouha, 2017 * '' Armadillidium insulanum'' Verhoeff, 1907 * '' Armadillidium irmengardis'' Strouhal, 1956 * '' Armadillidium janinense'' Verhoeff, 1902 * ''

Armadillidium jaqueti ''Armadillidium'' () is a genus of the small terrestrial crustacean known as the woodlouse. ''Armadillidium'' are also commonly known as pill woodlice, leg pebbles, pill bugs, roly-poly, or potato bugs, and are often confused with pill millipe ...

'' Dollfus, 1897 * '' Armadillidium jerrentrupi'' Schmalfuss, 2008 * '' Armadillidium jonicum'' Strouhal, 1927 * '' Armadillidium justi'' Strouhal, 1937 * '' Armadillidium kalamatense'' Verhoeff, 1907 * '' Armadillidium kalamium'' Strouhal, 1956 * '' Armadillidium klaptoczi'' Verhoeff, 1908 * '' Armadillidium klugii'' Brandt, 1833 * '' Armadillidium kochi'' Dollfus, 1887 * ''

Armadillidium kossuthi ''Armadillidium'' () is a genus of the small terrestrial crustacean known as the woodlouse. ''Armadillidium'' are also commonly known as pill woodlice, leg pebbles, pill bugs, roly-poly, or potato bugs, and are often confused with pill millipe ...

'' Arcangeli, 1929 * '' Armadillidium kuehnelti'' Schmalfuss, 2006 * '' Armadillidium laconicum'' Strouhal, 1938 * ''

'' Vandel, 1969 * '' Armadillidium laminigerum'' Verhoeff, 1907 * '' Armadillidium lanzai'' Taiti & Ferrara, 1996 * '' Armadillidium littorale'' Taiti & Ferrara, 1996 * '' Armadillidium lobocurvum'' Verhoeff, 1902 * '' Armadillidium lymberakisi'' Schmalfuss, Paragamian & Sfenthourakis, 2004 * '' Armadillidium maccagnoae'' Arcangeli, 1960 * '' Armadillidium maculatum'' Risso, 1816 * '' Armadillidium maniatum'' Schmalfuss, 2006 * '' Armadillidium mareoticum'' Budde-Lund, 1885 * ''

Armadillidium marinense ''Armadillidium'' () is a genus of the small terrestrial crustacean known as the woodlouse. ''Armadillidium'' are also commonly known as pill woodlice, leg pebbles, pill bugs, roly-poly, or potato bugs, and are often confused with pill millipede ...

'' Verhoeff, 1902 * '' Armadillidium marinensium'' Verhoeff, 1928 * '' Armadillidium marmoratum'' Strouhal, 1929 * '' Armadillidium marmorivagum'' Verhoeff, 1934 * '' Armadillidium mateui'' Vandel, 1953 * '' Armadillidium messenicum'' Verhoeff, 1902 * '' Armadillidium meteorense'' Schmalfuss, 2012 * '' Armadillidium mohamedanicum'' Verhoeff, 1929 * '' Armadillidium nahumi'' Garcia, 2020 * '' Armadillidium narentanum'' Verhoeff, 1907 * ''

'' Budde-Lund, 1885 * '' Armadillidium niger'' Kortshagin, 1887 * '' Armadillidium nigrum'' Arcangeli, 1956 * '' Armadillidium obenbergi'' Frankenberger, 1941 * '' Armadillidium odhneri'' Verhoeff, 1930 * '' Armadillidium oglasae'' Ferrara & Taiti, 1978 * '' Armadillidium omblae'' Verhoeff, 1900 * ''

'' (C. Koch, 1841) * '' Armadillidium ormeanum'' Verhoeff, 1931 * '' Armadillidium paeninsulae'' Ferrara & Taiti, 1978 * '' Armadillidium pallasii'' Brandt, 1833 * '' Armadillidium pallidum'' Verhoeff, 1907 * '' Armadillidium pangaionum'' Schmalfuss, 2008 * '' Armadillidium panningi'' Strouhal, 1937 * '' Armadillidium pardoi'' Vandel, 1956 * '' Armadillidium pelionense'' Strouhal, 1928 * '' Armadillidium peloponnesiacum'' Verhoeff, 1901 * ''

Armadillidium peraccae ''Armadillidium'' () is a genus of the small terrestrial crustacean known as the woodlouse. ''Armadillidium'' are also commonly known as pill woodlice, leg pebbles, pill bugs, roly-poly, or potato bugs, and are often confused with pill millipe ...

'' Tua, 1900 * '' Armadillidium petralonense'' Schmalfuss, 2008 * '' Armadillidium phalacronum'' Schmalfuss, 2008 * '' Armadillidium pictum'' Brandt, 1833 * '' Armadillidium pieperi'' Schmalfuss, 2008 * '' Armadillidium pilosellum'' Dollfus, 1896 * '' Armadillidium ponalense'' Verhoeff, 1934 * '' Armadillidium portofinense'' Verhoeff, 1908 * '' Armadillidium pretusi'' Cruz, 1990 * '' Armadillidium pseudassimile'' Taiti & Ferrara, 1980 * '' Armadillidium pseudovulgare'' Verhoeff, 1902 * '' Armadillidium pulchellum'' (Zenker, 1798) * '' Armadillidium quinquepustulatum'' Budde-Lund, 1885 * '' Armadillidium rhodopinum'' Verhoeff, 1936 * '' Armadillidium rojanum'' Verhoeff, 1936 * ''

Armadillidium rosai ''Armadillidium'' () is a genus of the small terrestrial crustacean known as the woodlouse. ''Armadillidium'' are also commonly known as pill woodlice, leg pebbles, pill bugs, roly-poly, or potato bugs, and are often confused with pill millipedes ...

'' Arcangeli, 1913 * '' Armadillidium ruffoi'' Arcangeli, 1940 * '' Armadillidium rupium'' Verhoeff, 1928 * '' Armadillidium sanctum'' Dollfus, 1892 * '' Armadillidium savonense'' Verhoeff, 1931 * '' Armadillidium saxivagum'' Verhoeff, 1901 * '' Armadillidium scaberrimum'' Stein, 1859 * '' Armadillidium scabrum'' Dollfus, 1892 * '' Armadillidium schmalfussi'' Caruso & Lombardo, 1982 * '' Armadillidium serrai'' Cruz & Dalens, 1990 * '' Armadillidium serratum'' Budde-Lund, 1885 * '' Armadillidium sfenthourakisi'' Schmalfuss, 2008 * '' Armadillidium siculorum'' Verhoeff, 1908 * '' Armadillidium silvestrii'' Verhoeff, 1931 * '' Armadillidium simile'' Strouhal, 1937 * '' Armadillidium simoni'' Dollfus, 1887 * '' Armadillidium sordidum'' Dollfus, 1887 * '' Armadillidium stagnoense'' Verhoeff, 1902 * '' Armadillidium steindachneri'' Strouhal, 1927 * '' Armadillidium stolikanum'' Verhoeff, 1907 * '' Armadillidium storkani'' Frankenberger, 1941 * '' Armadillidium strinatii'' Vandel, 1961 * '' Armadillidium stymphalicum'' Schmalfuss, 2006 * '' Armadillidium sulcatum'' Milne-Edwards, 1840 * '' Armadillidium tabacarui'' Gruia, Iavorschi & Sarbu, 1994 * '' Armadillidium teramense'' Verhoeff, 1933 * '' Armadillidium tigris'' Budde-Lund, 1885 * '' Armadillidium tirolense'' Verhoeff, 1901 * '' Armadillidium torchiai'' Taiti & Ferrara, 1996 * '' Armadillidium traiani'' Demianowicz, 1932 * '' Armadillidium tripolitzense'' Verhoeff, 1902 * '' Armadillidium tuberculatum'' Schmalfuss, 2008 * '' Armadillidium tunisiense'' Hamaïed & Charfi-Cheikhrouha, 2007 * '' Armadillidium tyrrhenum'' Taiti & Ferrara, 1980 * '' Armadillidium vallombrosae'' Verhoeff, 1907 * '' Armadillidium valonae'' Arcangeli, 1952 * '' Armadillidium verhoeffi'' Rogenhofer, 1915 * '' Armadillidium versicolor'' Stein, 1859 * '' Armadillidium versluysi'' Strouhal, 1937 * '' Armadillidium virgo'' Caruso & Bouchon, 2011 * ''

'' (Latreille, 1804) * '' Armadillidium werneri'' Strouhal, 1927 * ''

Armadillidium xerovunense ''Armadillidium'' () is a genus of the small terrestrial crustacean known as the woodlouse. ''Armadillidium'' are also commonly known as pill woodlice, leg pebbles, pill bugs, roly-poly, or potato bugs, and are often confused with pill millipe ...

'' Strouhal, 1956 * '' Armadillidium zangherii'' Arcangeli, 1923 * '' Armadillidium zenckeri'' Brandt, 1833

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q640213 Woodlice Isopod genera Taxa named by Johann Friedrich von Brandt

Distribution and habitat

Description

Species

See also

References