Armadillidae is a family of

woodlice Woodlice are terrestrial isopods in the suborder Oniscidea. Their name is derived from being often found in old wood, and from louse, a parasitic insect, although woodlice are neither parasitic nor insects. Woodlice evolved from marine isopods ...

(Oniscidea; terrestrial

crustacean Crustaceans (from Latin meaning: "those with shells" or "crusted ones") are invertebrate animals that constitute one group of arthropods that are traditionally a part of the subphylum Crustacea (), a large, diverse group of mainly aquatic arthrop ...

s), comprising around 80 genera and 700 species. It is the largest family of Oniscidea, and one of the most species-rich families of the entire

Isopoda Isopoda is an order of crustaceans. Members of this group are called isopods and include both aquatic species and terrestrial species such as woodlice. All have rigid, segmented exoskeletons, two pairs of antennae, seven pairs of jointed l ...

. Most of the armadillidae taxa are not monophyletic. Armadillids generally have a strongly convex body shape, with some rather shallowly convex. Like members of the woodlice family

Armadillidiidae Armadillidiidae is a family (biology), family of woodlice, a terrestrial animal, terrestrial crustacean group in the order Isopoda. Unlike members of some other woodlice families, members of this family can roll into a ball, an ability they sha ...

, armadillids are capable of enrolling into a sphere (conglobation), and are commonly known as pill bugs. Some species, however, have secondarily lost their conglobation ability. For example, a species exist in which the males lack the inner face of the coxal plates and are therefore unable to conglobate. Armadillids differ from the Armadillidiidae in that the antennae are fully enclosed within the sphere. Species of Armadillidae occur in a variety of habitats including forests, savannas, and arid regions. Armadillids occur natively in the

Afrotropics The Afrotropical realm is one of the Earth's eight biogeographic realms. It includes Sub-Saharan Africa, the southern Arabian Peninsula, the island of Madagascar, and the islands of the western Indian Ocean. It was formerly known as the Ethiopi ...

, Asia, Australia, the

Neotropics The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In biogeog ...

, and the Mediterranean region of Europe. A few poorly-known species occur in North America north of Mexico, and some are introduced. The family Armadillidae was erected by German naturalist Johann Friedrich von Brandt in 1831, although the earliest named genus now assigned to the family is ''Armadillo'', described by French zoologist

André Marie Constant Duméril André Marie Constant Duméril (1 January 1774 – 14 August 1860) was a French zoologist. He was professor of anatomy at the National Museum of Natural History (France), Muséum national d'histoire naturelle from 1801 to 1812, when he became pr ...

in 1816. The German zoologist Karl Wilhelm Verhoeff described nearly one quarter of currently recognized genera (17).

Genera

Each genus listed below is followed by the author citation, the biologist(s) who first coined the genus, and the year of its publication. *'' Acanthodillo'' Verhoeff, 1926 *'' Acanthoniscus'' Kinahan, 1859 *'' Aethiopodillo'' Verhoeff, 1942 *'' Akermania'' Collinge, 1919 *'' Anchicubaris'' Collinge, 1920 *'' Annobodillo'' Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983 *'' Anthrodillo'' Verhoeff, 1946 *''

Armadillo Armadillos () are New World placental mammals in the order (biology), order Cingulata. They form part of the superorder Xenarthra, along with the anteaters and sloths. 21 extant species of armadillo have been described, some of which are dis ...

'' Duméril, 1816 *'' Aulacodillo'' Verhoeff, 1942 *'' Australiodillo'' Verhoeff, 1926 *'' Barnardillo'' Arcangeli, 1934 *'' Barrowdillo ''Dalens, 1993 *'' Bethalus'' Budde-Lund, 1909 *'' Buddelundia'' Michaelsen, 1912 *'' Calendillo'' Dalens, 1993 *'' Calmanesia'' Collinge, 1922 *'' Chelomadillo'' Herold, 1931 *'' Coronadillo'' Vandel, 1977 *'' Cosmeodillo'' Vandel, 1972 *'' Cristarmadillo'' Arcangeli, 1950 *'' Ctenorillo'' Verhoeff, 1942 *'' Cubaris'' Brandt, 1834 *'' Cubaroides'' Vandel, 1973 *'' Cuckoldillo'' Lewis, 1998 *'' Diploexochus'' Brandt, 1833 *'' Dryadillo'' Taiti, Ferrara & Kwon, 1992 *'' Echinodillo'' Jackson, 1935 *'' Emydodillo'' Verhoeff, 1926 *'' Ethelumoris'' Richardson, 1907 *'' Feadillo'' Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983 *'' Filippinodillo'' Schmalfuss, 1987 *'' Formosillo'' Verhoeff, 1928 *'' Gabunillo'' Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983 *'' Globarmadillo'' Richardson, 1910 *'' Hawaiodillo'' Verhoeff, 1926 *'' Hybodillo'' Herold, 1931 *'' Kimberleydillo'' Dalens, 1993 *'' Laureola'' Barnard, 1960 *'' Leucodillo'' Vandel, 1973 *'' Lobodillo'' Herold, 1931 *'' Merulana'' Budde-Lund, 1913 *'' Merulanella'' Verhoeff, 1926 *'' Mesodillo'' Verhoeff, 1926 *'' Myrmecodillo'' Arcangeli, 1934 *'' Nataldillo'' Verhoeff, 1942 *'' Neodillo'' Dalens, 1990 *'' Nesodillo'' Verhoeff, 1926 *'' Ochetodillo'' Verhoeff, 1926 *'' Orodillo'' Verhoeff, 1926 *'' Orthodillo'' Vandel, 1973 *'' Pachydillo'' Arcangeli, 1934 *'' Palaeoarmadillo'' George Poinar Jr, 2018 *'' Papuadillo'' Vandel, 1973 *'' Parakermania'' Vandel, 1973 *'' Paraxenodillo'' Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983 *'' Pericephalus'' Budde-Lund, 1909 *'' Polyacanthus'' Budde-Lund, 1909 *'' Pseudodiploexochus'' Arcangeli, 1934 *'' Pseudolaureola'' Kwon, Ferrara & Taiti, 1992 *'' Pseudolobodillo'' Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983 *'' Pyrgoniscus'' Kinahan, 1859 *'' Reductoniscus'' Kesselyak, 1930 *'' Rhodesillo'' Ferrara & Taiti, 1978 *'' Schismadillo'' Verhoeff, 1926 *'' Sinodillo'' Kwon & Taiti, 1993 *'' Sphaerillodillo'' Arcangeli, 1934 *'' Sphaerilloides'' Vandel, 1977 *'' Sphenodillo'' Lewis, 1998 *'' Spherillo'' Dana, 1853 *'' Stigmops'' Lillemets & Wilson, 2002 *'' Sumatrillo'' Herold, 1931 *'' Synarmadillo'' Dollfus, 1892 *'' Togarmadillo'' Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1983 *'' Tongadillo'' Dalens, 1988 *'' Triadillo'' Vandel, 1973 *'' Tridentodillo'' Jackson, 1933 *'' Troglarmadillo'' Arcangeli, 1957 *'' Troglodillo'' Jackson, 1937 *'' Tuberillo'' Schultz, 1982 *'' Venezillo'' Verhoeff, 1928

References

External links

* * {{Authority control Woodlice Isopod families