Anton Freiherr von Eiselsberg (31 July 1860 – 25 October 1939) was an Austrian neurosurgeon. A student of

Theodor Billroth Christian Albert Theodor Billroth (26 April 18296 February 1894) was a German surgeon and amateur musician. As a surgeon, he is generally regarded as the founding father of modern abdominal surgery. As a musician, he was a close friend and conf ...

, Eiselsberg served as professor of medicine at

Utrecht University Utrecht University (UU; nl, Universiteit Utrecht, formerly ''Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht'') is a public research university in Utrecht, Netherlands. Established , it is one of the oldest universities in the Netherlands. In 2018, it had an enrollm ...

and at

University of Königsberg The University of Königsberg (german: Albertus-Universität Königsberg) was the university of Königsberg in East Prussia. It was founded in 1544 as the world's second Protestant academy (after the University of Marburg) by Duke Albert of Pruss ...

before being appointed head of the First Department of Surgery at the

University of Vienna The University of Vienna (german: Universität Wien) is a public research university located in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365 and is the oldest university in the German-speaking world. With its long and rich histo ...

. He was one of the founders of

neurosurgery Neurosurgery or neurological surgery, known in common parlance as brain surgery, is the medical specialty concerned with the surgical treatment of disorders which affect any portion of the nervous system including the brain, spinal cord and pe ...

, co-founder of the Austrian Cancer Society in 1910, and an honorary member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. It was his initiative that lead to the creation of the world-first emergency surgery station in Vienna, dramatically increasing the effectiveness of medical intervention after accidents. In 1907 Eiselsberg performed the first successful removal of a spinal cord tumor. Operating with only crude X-rays, he actually located the tumor primarily on the basis of the symptoms of the patient. Eiselsberg was awarded the second

Lister Medal __NOTOC__ The Lister Medal is an award presented by the Royal College of Surgeons of England in recognition of contributions to surgical science. It is named after the English surgeon Joseph Lister (1827-1912), whose work on antiseptics establi ...

in 1927 for his contributions to surgical science. As part of the award, he was invited to give the Lister Memorial Lecture at the

Royal College of Surgeons of England The Royal College of Surgeons of England (RCS England) is an independent professional body and registered charity that promotes and advances standards of surgical care for patients, and regulates surgery and dentistry in England and Wales. The ...

in July 1927. He himself died during the early days of World War II in an accident caused by the collision of two trains in the vicinity of

St. Valentin St. Valentin (also referred to as ''Sankt Valentin'') is the most westerly town in the district of Amstetten in Lower Austria in Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern pa ...

Lower Austria Lower Austria (german: Niederösterreich; Austro-Bavarian: ''Niedaöstareich'', ''Niedaestareich'') is one of the nine states of Austria, located in the northeastern corner of the country. Since 1986, the capital of Lower Austria has been Sankt P� ...

, on 25 October 1939. He was one of the greatest surgeons, teachers and clinical researchers of his time. Billroth described him as "my best student." In 1909 he founded, along with Julius Hochenegg the world's first model emergency rooms. Eiselsberg and Hochenegg are considered "fathers of the emergency rooms" (ER).

Publications

* ''Die Werkstatt des Chirurgen''. 1912. * ''Die Hypophyse''. Vienna, 1930. * ''Lebensweg eines Chirurgen''. Vienna, Tyrolia, 1938.

Decorations and awards

* 1903: Councillor * 1905: Honorary Membership of the

Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh The Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (RCSEd) is a professional organisation of surgeons. The College has seven active faculties, covering a broad spectrum of surgical, dental, and other medical practices. Its main campus is located on ...

* 1927:

(awarded as the second prize winner) of the

* 1931: Honorary citizen of the City of Vienna * 1932: Honorary Member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences * 1932:

Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art, 1st class The Austrian Decoration for Science and Art (german: Österreichisches Ehrenzeichen für Wissenschaft und Kunst) is a state decoration of the Republic of Austria and forms part of the Austrian national honours system. History The "Austrian ...

* Seven honorary doctorates * Komturkreuzes of the Austrian Order of Merit

Notes

References

* * * *

External links

*
aeiou.at

Article on Eiselsberg in Ärztewoche

Austrian Cancer Society

Van-Swieten Society
{{DEFAULTSORT:Eiselsberg, Anton 1860 births 1939 deaths People from Wels-Land District Austrian surgeons Austrian neurosurgeons Barons of Austria Academic staff of the University of Königsberg Academic staff of the University of Vienna Austrian expatriates in Germany 19th-century Austrian people 20th-century Austrian people Members of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Recipients of the Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art, 1st class Members of the Royal Society of Sciences in Uppsala