Anne (1799 ship)

''Anne'', also known as ''Ann'', was an 18th-century Spanish sailing ship that the British had captured in 1799. The British Navy Board engaged her to transport convicts from Cork in Ireland to the penal colony of New South Wales in Australia for one voyage from 1800 to 1801. During this voyage she was possibly present, although she did not participate, in a notable action against a squadron of three French frigates. She then made one voyage for the British East India Company (EIC).

Origins

''Anne'' was Spanish-built in the 1790s., She was originally named ''Nostra Senora da Luzet Santa Anna'', or ''Luz St Anne'' or ''Luz St Anna''. The armed transports and ''Cecilia'' captured ''Nostra Senora da Luzet Santa Anna'' in 1799, during the French Revolutionary Wars. The Admiralty then sold her.

She appears in ''Lloyd's Register'' for 1799 as ''Lucy St Anna'', with Whitford, master, Barnett, owner, and trade London–Botany Bay.''Lloyd's Register'' (1799), Seq.№L.311.
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Voyage to Australia

On 9 April 1799, the Navy Board engaged the renamed ''Anne'' and licensed her in London for a single voyage transporting convicts. Her master was James Stewart. For security she was provided with 12 ship's guns and manned by a crew of 42, including additional seamen to act as guards. The British War Office declined a request for a detachment of Marines, citing the burden created by the ongoing war with France.

Under the command of James Stewart, on 26 June 1800 ''Anne'' sailed from Cork carrying 147 male and 24 female convicts.

A little over a month later, on 29 July, Stewart and ''Anne''s crew suppressed a mutiny. After consulting with his officers, Stewart had the ringleader of the uprising shot, and another man subjected to 250 lashes. In the affray one convict was killed and some others were wounded. Later, a Vice-Admiralty Court would try Stewart and the Chief Mate, and honourably acquit them.Free Settler or Felon? Convict Ship Anne 180

- accessed 21 March 2015.

''Anne'' was one of the vessels in the convoy at the action on 4 August when and the East Indiaman captured the French frigates ''Concorde'' and ''Médée''. A squadron of three French frigates had attacked the convoy of East Indiamen that ''Anne'' was accompanying, only to suffer an embarrassing defeat.

''Anne'' arrived at Rio de Janeiro on 22 August. ''Lloyd's List'' reported in January 1801 that the Botany Bay ship ''Ann'' had been at Rio de Janeiro, having sailed in company with several ships of the East India Company.

From Rio ''Anne'' sailed to the Cape of Good Hope. At Cape Town she embarked eight more sailors and soldiers.

''Anne'' arrived at Port Jackson on 21 February 1801 with 127 male and 24 female convicts. In all, 20 male convicts had died on 240-day voyage.
''Anne'' left Port Jackson on 9 July bound for China.

East India Company

''Ann'' made one voyage for the EIC. Under Captain James Stewart's command she was at Calcutta 19 November 1801. On 1 January 1802 she passed Saugor and reached St Helena on 20 April. She arrived at Gravesend on 25 June.British Library: - ''Ann'' (2).
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The British Library reports that she made a second voyage for the EIC some years later. However records of British letters of marque show the ''Ann'' of the second EIC voyage as a ship of 627 tons (bm)."Register of Letters of Marque against France 1793-1815". - accessed 11 June 2011. Actually, that vessel appears to be the that transported convicts in 1809-10, and for her return trip carried cargo for the EIC from Calcutta to Britain (1810–11).

Citations and references

Citations

References
*
* {{cite book, last=Moore, first=Tony, title=Death or Liberty, year=2010, publisher=Murdoch, location=Sydney, isbn=978-1-74196-140-9, pages=432, url=https://une-au.academia.edu/DavidRoberts/Papers/625498/Book_Review_T._Moore_Death_or_Liberty_Rebels_and_Radicals_Transported_to_Australia_1788-1868_Sydney_Murdoch_Books_2010._Reviewed_for_Reviews_in_Australian_Studies_Vol_5_No_2_2011

1790s ships
Convict ships to New South Wales
Captured ships
Ships of the British East India Company
Merchant ships of the United Kingdom
Age of Sail merchant ships