Ananías Diokno
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Ananías Diokno y Noblejas (January 22, 1860 – November 2, 1922) was reputedly the only
Philippine Revolutionary Army The Philippine Revolutionary Army, later renamed Philippine Republican Army (Philippine Spanish, Spanish: ''Ejército Revolucionario Filipino''; Tagalog language, Tagalog: ''Panghimagsikang Hukbong Katihan ng Pilipinas''), was the official arme ...
general A general officer is an officer of high rank in the armies, and in some nations' air forces, space forces, and marines or naval infantry. In some usages the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". OED ...
to lead a full-scale military expedition to the
Visayas The Visayas ( ), or the Visayan Islands (Visayan: ''Kabisay-an'', ; tl, Kabisayaan ), are one of the three principal geographical divisions of the Philippines, along with Luzon and Mindanao. Located in the central part of the archipelago, ...
against the Spanish forces. Also known as ''General of the Seas'', his successful landing in Bicol and the Visayas were considered one of the first missions of the Philippine Navy. He is the father of anti-American nationalist Sen.
Ramón Diokno Ramón Diokno y Marasigan (March 28, 1886 – April 21, 1954) was a Filipino statesman, jurist, Associate Justice, and one of the foremost nationalists of his generation. He fought the American Parity Rights Amendment and was one of four s ...
and the grandfather of Sen. Jose W. Diokno, the intellectual leader of the opposition against the Marcos administration and the father of human rights in the nation.


Early life

He was born in Taal,
Batangas Batangas, officially the Province of Batangas ( tl, Lalawigan ng Batangas ), is a province in the Philippines located in the Calabarzon region on Luzon. Its capital is the city of Batangas, and is bordered by the provinces of Cavite and La ...
,
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
on January 22, 1860, to Ángel Diokno and María Andrea Noblejas y Sauza. There are no records regarding his boyhood and early career.


Philippine Revolution

In 1895, Diokno, along with
Felipe Agoncillo Don Felipe Agoncillo y Encarnación (May 26, 1859 – September 29, 1941) was the Filipino lawyer representative to the negotiations in Paris that led to the Treaty of Paris (1898), ending the Spanish–American War and achieving him the ...
, were prosecuted by civil and ecclesiastical authorities for obstruction of functions of the government. On August 29, 1896, Don Fernando Parga y Torriero, military governor of
Cavite Cavite, officially the Province of Cavite ( tl, Lalawigan ng Kabite; Chavacano: ''Provincia de Cavite''), is a province in the Philippines located in the Calabarzon region in Luzon. Located on the southern shores of Manila Bay and southwest ...
, had Diokno and other revolutionaries arrested and brought to immediate trial. Prominent citizens who fled to
Indang, Cavite Indang, officially the Municipality of Indang ( tgl, Bayan ng Indang), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Cavite, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 68,699 people. The municipality is situated in the c ...
established the Regional Government of
Batangas Batangas, officially the Province of Batangas ( tl, Lalawigan ng Batangas ), is a province in the Philippines located in the Calabarzon region on Luzon. Its capital is the city of Batangas, and is bordered by the provinces of Cavite and La ...
with
Miguel Malvar Miguel Malvar y Carpio (September 27, 1865 – October 13, 1911) was a Filipino general who served during the Philippine Revolution and, subsequently, during the Philippine–American War. He assumed command of the Philippine revolutionary forc ...
as commanding general and Diokno as secretary of war. At the resume of revolution after the
Pact of Biak-na-Bato The Pact of Biak-na-Bato, signed on December 15, 1897, created a truce between Spanish colonial Governor-General Fernando Primo de Rivera and the revolutionary leader Emilio Aguinaldo to end the Philippine Revolution. Aguinaldo and his fellow rev ...
, he was commissioned by Central Revolutionary Government of Emilio Aguinaldo to lead an expedition to the Visayas to attack the Spanish stronghold there and to forge cooperative stance between the Visayan rebel forces. The ''Battalion Malaya'' was organized, a force made up of 750 men divided into six companies and a battery consisting of two cannons. He was made commanding general of the battalion. He and his forces first went to Mindoro, then to Marinduque, and to the Bicol region to organize local revolutionary governments in the area and facilitated elections. Juan Miranda was elected president and Second Lieutenant Jose Karingal was left to organize collection of taxes. He and his forces were aboard three of the five initial vessels under the control of Aguinaldo's government, ''Taaleño'', ''Bulusan'' and ''Purisima Concepcion'', which were actually captured or donated Spanish ships converted into gunboats with 8 or 9 cm guns.


Philippine–American War

In August 1898, the Spanish colonial government in
Capiz Capiz, officially the Province of Capiz (Capiznon/ Hiligaynon: ''Kapuoran sang Capiz''; tl, Lalawigan ng Capiz), is a province in the Philippines located in the central section of Western Visayas region. Its capital is the city of Roxas. It ...
under Governor Juan Herrero surrendered to Diokno. Aguinaldo, upon recommendation of
Apolinario Mabini Apolinario Mabini y Maranan (, July 23, 1864 – May 13, 1903) was a Filipino revolutionary leader, educator, lawyer, and statesman who served first as a legal and constitutional adviser to the Revolutionary Government, and then as the firs ...
, appointed Diokno civil and military governor of Cápiz. Later, he received the immediate surrender of Spanish forces in Panay. Strong Spanish presence in
Samar Samar ( ) is the third-largest and seventh-most populous island in the Philippines, with a total population of 1,909,537 as of the 2020 census. It is located in the eastern Visayas, which are in the central Philippines. The island is divided in ...
, however, caused Diokno to retreat. Many rebels saw Diokno, governor of Capiz under the Aguinaldo government, as a foreigner in Visayan government which already had Roque Lopez as president of the Republic of Visayas. This, with American forces occupying every Visayan island it passes through, caused Diokno to retreat to the mountains of Capiz and conduct guerrilla warfare. On March 18, 1901, Captain Peter Murray of the 18th US Infantry and First Lieutenant Frank Bolles of the 6th US Infantry, with corresponding detachments, located and ambushed Diokno's forces at Barrio Dalipdan, Capiz. Diokno was wounded and captured, two of his men were killed in action. He was imprisoned thereafter.


Later life

In 1916, he was offered to be Director of Agriculture under the administration of
Francis Burton Harrison Francis Burton Harrison (December 18, 1873 – November 21, 1957) was an American statesman who served in the United States House of Representatives and was appointed governor-general of the Philippines by President of the United States Woodro ...
but he refused. He died at his farm in
Pampanga Pampanga, officially the Province of Pampanga ( pam, Lalawigan ning Pampanga; tl, Lalawigan ng Pampanga ), is a province in the Central Luzon region of the Philippines. Lying on the northern shore of Manila Bay, Pampanga is bordered by Tarlac ...
on November 2, 1922, eight months and a week after the birth of his grandson Sen. Jose W. Diokno.


Ancestry

The great-great grandfather of Ananías Diokno is Felix Berenguer de Marquina y Fitzgerald, the governor-general and namesake of
Marikina City Marikina (), officially the City of Marikina ( fil, Lungsod ng Marikina), is a 1st class highly urbanized city in the National Capital Region of the Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 456,159 people. It is locate ...
. Because of the Irish ancestry of Berenguer de Marquina in the noble Fitzgerald clan, he descends from Norman French or English, and European nobles such as
Saint Begga Saint Begga (also Begue, Begge) (b. 613 – d. 17 December 693 AD) was the daughter of Pepin of Landen, mayor of the palace of Austrasia, and his wife Itta of Metz. She is also the grandmother of Charles Martel, who is the grandfather of Charle ...
of Belgium, who is Diokno's ancestor by forty-four degrees. St. Begga is the great-great grandmother of King
Charlemagne Charlemagne ( , ) or Charles the Great ( la, Carolus Magnus; german: Karl der Große; 2 April 747 – 28 January 814), a member of the Carolingian dynasty, was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and the first ...
and daughter-in-law to St. Arnulf of Metz, France. Diokno through the Fitzgerald clan also descends from
William Boleyn Sir William Boleyn, KB (1451 – 10 October 1505) of Blickling Hall in Norfolk and Hever Castle in Kent, was a wealthy and powerful landowner who served as Sheriff of Kent in 1489 and as Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk in 1500. He was the father ...
, who is the grandfather of
Elizabeth I Elizabeth I (7 September 153324 March 1603) was List of English monarchs, Queen of England and List of Irish monarchs, Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. Elizabeth was the last of the five House of Tudor monarchs and is ...
of England, making the English queen a cousin of Diokno's English ancestor. Berenguer de Marquina had an illegitimate Chinese mestiza daughter from Cagsawa, Albay who married a Spanish-Mexican public servant surnamed Sauza, whose daughter eventually moved north and settled in Taal, Batangas marrying a member of the Tagalog Noblejas clan. Their daughter María Andrea Noblejas y Sauza, who descended from Berenguer de Marquina, became part of the Diokno family by marrying Ángel Diokno. Because of the Fitzgerald clan, the line at least starting Ananías Diokno y Noblejas can trace its roots to nobles, public servants, soldiers, and saints from the first century A.D.


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Diokno, Ananías 1860 births 1922 deaths Filipino generals Filipino people of Chinese descent Filipino people of Indian descent Filipino people of Irish descent Filipino people of Mexican descent Filipino people of Spanish descent People of the Philippine–American War People of the Philippine Revolution People from Taal, Batangas Tagalog people Diokno family