The American Historical Association (AHA) is the oldest professional association of historians in the United States and the largest such organization in the world. Founded in 1884, the AHA works to protect academic freedom, develop professional standards, and support scholarship and innovative teaching. It publishes '' The American Historical Review'' four times a year, with scholarly articles and book reviews. The AHA is the major organization for historians working in the United States, while the Organization of American Historians is the major organization for historians who study and teach about the United States. The group received a congressional charter in 1889, establishing it "for the promotion of historical studies, the collection and preservation of historical manuscripts, and for kindred purposes in the interest of American history, and of history in America."

Current activities

As an umbrella organization for the discipline, the AHA works with other major historical organizations and acts as a public advocate for the field. Within the profession, the association defines ethical behavior and best practices, particularly through its "Statement on Standards of Professional Conduct". The AHA also develops standards for good practice in teaching and history textbooks, but these have limited influence. The association generally works to influence history policy through the National Coalition for History. The association publishes '' The American Historical Review'', a major journal of history scholarship covering all historical topics since ancient history and ''Perspectives on History'', the monthly news magazine of the profession. In 2006 the AHA started a blog focused on the latest happenings in the broad discipline of history and the professional practice of the craft that draws on the staff, research, and activities of the AHA. The association's annual meeting each January brings together more than 5,000 historians from around the United States to discuss the latest research and discuss how to be better historians and teachers. Many affiliated historical societies hold their annual meetings simultaneously. The association's web site offers extensive information on the current state of the profession, tips on history careers, and an extensive archive of historical materials (including the G.I. Roundtable series), a series of pamphlets prepared for the War Department in

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...

. The association also administers two major fellowships, 24 book prizes, and a number of small research grants.

History

The early leaders of the association were mostly gentlemen with the leisure and means to write many of the great 19th-century works of history, such as

George Bancroft George Bancroft (October 3, 1800 – January 17, 1891) was an American historian, statesman and Democratic politician who was prominent in promoting secondary education both in his home state of Massachusetts and at the national and internati ...

, Justin Winsor, and

James Ford Rhodes James Ford Rhodes (May 1, 1848 – January 22, 1927), was an American industrialist and historian born in Cleveland, Ohio. After earning a fortune in the iron, coal, and steel industries by 1885, he retired from business. He devoted his life to his ...

. However, as former AHA president James J. Sheehan points out, the association always tried to serve multiple constituencies, "including archivists, members of state and local historical societies, teachers, and amateur historians, who looked to it - and not always with success or satisfaction - for representation and support." Much of the early work of the association focused on establishing a common sense of purpose and gathering the materials of research through its Historical Manuscripts and Public Archives Commissions.

Publication standards

From the beginning, the association was largely managed by historians employed at colleges and universities, and served a critical role in defining their interests as a profession. The association's first president,

Andrew Dickson White Andrew Dickson White (November 7, 1832 – November 4, 1918) was an American historian and educator who cofounded Cornell University and served as its first president for nearly two decades. He was known for expanding the scope of college curricu ...

, was president of

Cornell University Cornell University is a private statutory land-grant research university based in Ithaca, New York. It is a member of the Ivy League. Founded in 1865 by Ezra Cornell and Andrew Dickson White, Cornell was founded with the intention to tea ...

, and its first secretary,

Herbert Baxter Adams Herbert Baxter Adams (April 16, 1850 – July 30, 1901) was an American educator and historian who brought German rigor to the study of history in America; a founding member of the American History Association; and one of the earliest ed ...

, established one of the first history Ph.D. programs to follow the new German seminary method at

Johns Hopkins University Johns Hopkins University (Johns Hopkins, Hopkins, or JHU) is a private research university in Baltimore, Maryland. Founded in 1876, Johns Hopkins is the oldest research university in the United States and in the western hemisphere. It consi ...

. The clearest expression of this academic impulse in history came in the development of the ''American Historical Review'' in 1895. Formed by historians at a number of the most important universities in the United States, it followed the model of European history journals. Under the early editorship of J. Franklin Jameson, the ''Review'' published several long scholarly articles every issue, only after they had been vetted by scholars and approved by the editor. Each issue also reviewed a number of history books for their conformity to the new professional norms and scholarly standards that were taught at leading graduate schools to Ph.D. candidates. From the AHR, Sheehan concludes, "a junior scholar learned what it meant to be a historian of a certain sort".

AHA and public history

Meringolo (2004) compares academic and public history. Unlike academic history, public history is typically a collaborative effort, does not necessarily rely on primary research, is more democratic in participation, and does not aspire to absolute "scientific" objectivity. Historical museums, documentary editing, heritage movements and historical preservation are considered public history. Though activities now associated with public history originated in the AHA, these activities separated out in the 1930s due to differences in methodology, focus, and purpose. The foundations of public history were laid on the middle ground between academic history and the public audience by National Park Service administrators during the 1920s-30s. The academicians insisted on a perspective that looked beyond particular localities to a larger national and international perspective, and that in practice it should be done along modern and scientific lines. To that end, the association actively promoted excellence in the area of research, the association published a series of annual reports through the

Smithsonian Institution The Smithsonian Institution ( ), or simply the Smithsonian, is a group of museums and education and research centers, the largest such complex in the world, created by the U.S. government "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge". Founded ...

and adopted the ''American Historical Review'' in 1898 to provide early outlets for this new brand of professional scholarship.

Establishing a national history curriculum

In 1896 the association appointed a "Committee of Seven" to develop a national standard for college admission requirements in the field of history. Before this time, individual colleges defined their own entrance requirements. After substantial surveys of prevailing teaching methods, emphases and curricula in secondary schools, the Committee published "The Study of History in Schools" in 1898. Their report largely defined the way history would be taught at the

high school A secondary school describes an institution that provides secondary education and also usually includes the building where this takes place. Some secondary schools provide both '' lower secondary education'' (ages 11 to 14) and ''upper seconda ...

level as a preparation for college, and wrestled with issues about how the field should relate to the other social studies. The Committee recommended four blocks of Western history, to be taught in chronological order—ancient, medieval and modern European, English, and American history and civil government—and advised that teachers "tell a story" and "bring out dramatic aspects" to make history come alive.

e student who is taught to consider political subjects in school, who is led to look at matters historically, has some mental equipment for a comprehension of the political and social problems that will confront him in everyday life, and has received practical preparation for social adaptation and for forceful participation in civic activities.... The pupil should see the growth of the institutions which surround him; he should see the work of men; he should study the living concrete facts of the past; he should know of nations that have risen and fallen; he should see tyranny, vulgarity, greed, benevolence, patriotism, self-sacrifice, brought out in the lives and works of men. So strongly has this very thought taken hold of writers of civil government, that they no longer content themselves with a description of the government as it is, but describe at considerable length the origin and development of the institutions of which they speak.

The association also played a decisive role in lobbying the federal government to preserve and protect its own documents and records. After extensive lobbying by AHA Secretary Waldo Leland and Jameson, Congress established the

National Archives and Records Administration The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is an " independent federal agency of the United States government within the executive branch", charged with the preservation and documentation of government and historical records. It ...

in 1934. As the interests of historians in colleges and universities gained prominence in the association, other areas and activities tended to fall by the wayside. The Manuscripts and Public Archives Commissions were abandoned in the 1930s, while projects related to original research and the publication of scholarship gained ever-greater prominence.

Recent developments

In recent years, the association has tried to come to terms with the growing public history movement and has struggled to maintain its status as a leader among academic historians. The association started to investigate cases of professional misconduct in 1987, but ceased the effort in 2005 "because it has proven to be ineffective for responding to misconduct in the historical profession."

Recent presidents

*2013:

Kenneth Pomeranz Kenneth Pomeranz, FBA (born November 4, 1958) is University Professor of History at the University of Chicago. He received his B.A. from Cornell University in 1980, where he was a Telluride Scholar, and his Ph.D. from Yale University in 1988, ...

(Univ. of Chicago) *2016: Patrick Manning (University of Pittsburgh) *2017:

Tyler Stovall Tyler Edward Stovall (April 9, 1954 – December 11, 2021) was an American academic and historian. He served as president of the American Historical Association in 2017. Biography Stovall earned a degree in history from Harvard University in 1976 ...

(University of California, Santa Cruz) *2018:

Mary Beth Norton Mary Beth Norton (born 1943) is an American historian, specializing in American colonial history and well known for her work on women's history and the Salem witch trials. She is the Mary Donlon Alger Professor Emeritus of American History at t ...

(Cornell University) *2019: J. R. McNeill (Georgetown University) *2020:

Mary Lindemann Mary Lindemann (born 1949) is an American historian, professor of history and former chair of the History Department at the University of Miami. She was president of the American Historical Association during the term 2020 and president of the Ger ...

(University of Miami) *2021:

Jacqueline Jones Jacqueline Jones (born 17 June 1948) is an American social historian. She held the Walter Prescott Webb Chair in History and Ideas from 2008 to 2017 and is Mastin Gentry White Professor of Southern History at the University of Texas at Austin. ...

(University of Texas at Austin) *2022: (University of Wisconsin-Madison), elect

Selected awards

;for publications: *

Herbert Baxter Adams Prize The Herbert Baxter Adams Prize is an annual book prize of the American Historical Association. It is awarded for "a distinguished first book by a young scholar in the field of European history", and is named in honor of Herbert Baxter Adams, who ...

for the best book in European history *

George Louis Beer Prize The George Louis Beer Prize is an award given by the American Historical Association for the best book in European international history from 1895 to the present written by a United States citizen or permanent resident. The prize was created in 1923 ...

for the best book in European international history since 1895 *

Jerry Bentley Jerry Harrell Bentley (December 12, 1949 – July 15, 2012) was an American academic and professor of world history. He was a founding editor of the '' Journal of World History'' since 1990. He wrote on the cultural history of early modern Europe a ...

Prize for the most outstanding book on world history * Albert J. Beveridge Award in American history for a distinguished book on the history of the United States, Latin America, or Canada, from 1492 to the present * Paul Birdsall Prize for a major book on European military and strategic history since 1870 * James Henry Breasted Prize for the best book in any field of history prior to AD 1000 * John H. Dunning Prize for the most outstanding book on US history * John K. Fairbank Prize for the best book on East Asian history since 1800 * Morris D. Forkosch Prize for the best book in the field of British history since 1485 *

Leo Gershoy Award The Leo Gershoy Award is a book prize awarded by the American Historical Association for the best publication in English dealing with the history of Europe in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Endowed in 1975 by the Gershoy family and first ...

for the best book in the fields of 17th and 18th-century western European history * Friedrich Katz Prize for the best book in Latin American and Caribbean history * James A. Rawley Prize for the best book that explores the integration of Atlantic worlds before the 20th century ;for professional distinction: * James Harvey Robinson Prize for the teaching aid that has made the most outstanding contribution to the teaching and learning of history in any field * Herbert Feis Award for distinguished contributions to public history * Award for Scholarly Distinction to senior historians for lifetime achievement * Martin A. Klein Prize instituted in his name for the most distinguished work of scholarship on African history published in English during the previous calendar year

Past presidents

Presidents of the AHA are elected annually and give a president's address at the annual meeting: *

1884
*

1886
* Justin Winsor
1887
*

William Frederick Poole William Frederick Poole (24 December 1821, Salem, Massachusetts – 1 March 1894) was an American bibliographer and librarian. Biography He graduated from Yale University in 1849, where he assisted John Edmands, who was a student at the Brothe ...

1888
* Charles Kendall Adams
1889
* John Jay
1890
* William Wirt Henry
1891
*

James Burrill Angell James Burrill Angell (January 7, 1829 – April 1, 1916) was an American educator and diplomat. He is best known for being the longest-serving president of the University of Michigan, from 1871 to 1909. He represented the transition from sma ...

1892–1893
* Henry Adams
1893–1894
* George Frisbie Hoar
1895
*

Richard Salter Storrs Richard Salter Storrs (August 21, 1821 – June 7, 1900) was an American Congregational clergyman. Biography Storrs was born in Braintree, Massachusetts. He bore the same name as his grandfather (1763–1819), pastor at Longmeadow, Massachusett ...

1896
* James Schouler
1897
*

George Park Fisher George Park Fisher (August 10, 1827 – December 20, 1909) was an American theologian and historian who was noted as a teacher and a prolific writer. Biography He was born in Wrentham, Massachusetts. He graduated from Brown University in 1847, ...

1898
*

1899
* Edward Eggleston
1900
*

Charles Francis Adams, Jr. Charles Francis Adams Jr. (May 27, 1835 – March 20, 1915) was an American author, historian, and railroad and park commissioner who served as the president of the Union Pacific Railroad from 1884 to 1890. He served as a colonel in the Union Arm ...

1901
*

Alfred Thayer Mahan Alfred Thayer Mahan (; September 27, 1840 – December 1, 1914) was a United States naval officer and historian, whom John Keegan called "the most important American strategist of the nineteenth century." His book '' The Influence of Sea Powe ...

1902
* Henry Charles Lea
1903
* Goldwin Smith
1904
* John Bach McMaster
1905
* Simeon E. Baldwin
1906
* J. Franklin Jameson
1907
*

George Burton Adams George Burton Adams (June 3, 1851 in VermontAdams, George Burton
in ''

1908
* Albert Bushnell Hart
1909
*

Frederick Jackson Turner Frederick Jackson Turner (November 14, 1861 – March 14, 1932) was an American historian during the early 20th century, based at the University of Wisconsin until 1910, and then Harvard University. He was known primarily for his frontier thes ...

1910
*

William Milligan Sloane William Milligan Sloane (November 12, 1850 – September 11, 1928) was an American educator and historian. Career William Milligan Sloane was born in Richmond, Ohio on November 12, 1850. He graduated from Columbia College of Columbia Universit ...

1911
*

Theodore Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt Jr. ( ; October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919), often referred to as Teddy or by his initials, T. R., was an American politician, statesman, soldier, conservationist, naturalist, historian, and writer who served as the 26t ...

1912
* William A. Dunning
1913
* Andrew C. McLaughlin
1914
* H. Morse Stephens
1915
* George Lincoln Burr
1916
* Worthington C. Ford
1917
* William R. Thayer
1918–1919
* Edward Channing
1920
*

Jean Jules Jusserand Jean Adrien Antoine Jules Jusserand (18 February 1855 – 18 July 1932) was a French author and diplomat. He was the French Ambassador to the United States 1903-1925 and played a major diplomatic role during World War I. Birth and education ...

1921
* Charles H. Haskins
1922
*

Edward P. Cheyney Edward Potts Cheyney, A.M., LL.D. (1861–1947) was an American historical and economic writer, born at Wallingford, Pennsylvania. He graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1883. He visited German universities and studied at the British ...

1923
*

Woodrow Wilson Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856February 3, 1924) was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th president of the United States from 1913 to 1921. A member of the Democratic Party, Wilson served as the president of ...

(1924, died before completing his term as president) * Charles M. Andrews
1924
* Dana C. Munro
1926
*

Henry Osborn Taylor Henry Osborn Taylor (December 5, 1856 – April 13, 1941) was an American historian and legal scholar. Career Taylor graduated from Harvard University in 1878 and, later, from Columbia Law School. He later received honorary degrees from Harvar ...

1927
* James H. Breasted
1928
*

James Harvey Robinson James Harvey Robinson (June 29, 1863 – February 16, 1936) was an American scholar of history who, with Charles Austin Beard, founded New History, a disciplinary approach that attempts to use history to understand contemporary problems, which g ...

1929
*

Evarts Boutell Greene Evarts Boutell Greene (1870–1947) was an American historian, born in Kobe, Japan, where his parents were missionaries. He graduated Harvard University (B.A., 1890; Ph.D., 1893), and began teaching American history (1894) at the University of Ill ...

1930
*

Carl Lotus Becker Carl Lotus Becker (September 7, 1873 – April 10, 1945) was an American historian of the Age of Enlightenment in America and Europe. Life He was born in Waterloo, Iowa. He enrolled at the University of Wisconsin in 1893 as an undergraduate, an ...

1931
* Herbert Eugene Bolton
1932
* Charles A. Beard
1933
* William E. Dodd
1934
* Michael I. Rostovtzeff
1935
* Charles McIlwain
1936
* Guy Stanton Ford
1937
* Laurence M. Larson
1938
* William Scott Ferguson
1939
* Max Farrand
1940
* James Westfall Thompson
1941
* Arthur M. Schlesinger
1942
* Nellie Neilson
1943
* William L. Westermann
1944
* Carlton J. H. Hayes
1945
* Sidney B. Fay
1946
*

Thomas J. Wertenbaker Thomas Jefferson Wertenbaker (February 6, 1879 – April 22, 1966) was a leading American historian and Edwards Professor of American History at Princeton University. Born in Charlottesville, Virginia, he received his bachelor's and doctoral degree ...

1947
*

Kenneth Scott Latourette Kenneth Scott Latourette (August 6, 1884 – December 26, 1968) was an American historian of China, Japan, and world Christianity.

1948
* Conyers Read
1949
* Samuel E. Morison
1950
* Robert Livingston Schuyler
1951
* James G. Randall
1952
* Louis Gottschalk
1953
* Merle Curti
1954
*

Lynn Thorndike Lynn Thorndike (24 July 1882, in Lynn, Massachusetts, USA – 28 December 1965, Columbia University Club, New York City) was an American historian of medieval science and alchemy. He was the son of a clergyman, Edward R. Thorndike, and the young ...

1955
* Dexter Perkins
1956
* William L. Langer
1957
*

Walter Prescott Webb Walter Prescott Webb (April 3, 1888 in Panola County, Texas – March 8, 1963 near Austin, Texas) was an American historian noted for his groundbreaking work on the American West. As president of the Texas State Historical Association, he la ...

1958
*

Allan Nevins Joseph Allan Nevins (May 20, 1890 – March 5, 1971) was an American historian and journalist, known for his extensive work on the history of the Civil War and his biographies of such figures as Grover Cleveland, Hamilton Fish, Henry Ford, and J ...

1959
* Bernadotte E. Schmitt
1960
*

Samuel Flagg Bemis Samuel Flagg Bemis (October 20, 1891 – September 26, 1973) was an American historian and biographer. For many years he taught at Yale University. He was also president of the American Historical Association and a specialist in American dip ...

1961
*

Carl Bridenbaugh Carl Bridenbaugh (August 10, 1903 – January 6, 1992) was an American historian of Colonial America. He had an illustrious career, writing fourteen books and editing or co-editing five more, and he was acclaimed as a historian and teacher. Caree ...

1962
*

Crane Brinton Clarence Crane Brinton ( Winsted, Connecticut, 1898 – Cambridge, Massachusetts, September 7, 1968) was an American historian of France, as well as an historian of ideas. His most famous work, ''The Anatomy of Revolution'' (1938) likened the dy ...

1963
* Julian P. Boyd
1964
* Frederic C. Lane
1965
* Roy F. Nichols
1966
* Hajo Holborn
1967
* John K. Fairbank
1968
* C. Vann Woodward
1969
* R. R. Palmer
1970
* David M. Potter (1971, died before completing his term as president) * Joseph R. Strayer
1971
* Thomas C. Cochran
1972
* Lynn Townsend White, Jr.
1973
* Lewis Hanke
1974
* Gordon Wright
1975
* Richard B. Morris
1976
*

Charles Gibson Charles deWolf Gibson (born March 9, 1943) is an American broadcast television anchor, journalist and podcaster. Gibson was a host of ''Good Morning America'' from 1987 to 1998 and again from 1999 to 2006, and the anchor of ''World News with Char ...

1977
* William J. Bouwsma
1978
*

John Hope Franklin John Hope Franklin (January 2, 1915 – March 25, 2009) was an American historian of the United States and former president of Phi Beta Kappa, the Organization of American Historians, the American Historical Association, and the Southern Histo ...

1979
* David H. Pinkney
1980
* Bernard Bailyn
1981
* Gordon A. Craig
1982
* Philip D. Curtin
1983
* Arthur S. Link
1984
* William H. McNeill
1985
* Carl N. Degler
1986
* Natalie Zemon Davis
1987
* Akira Iriye
1988
* Louis R. Harlan
1989
* David Herlihy
1990
* William E. Leuchtenburg
1991
* Frederic E. Wakeman Jr
1992
* Louise A. Tilly
1993
* Thomas C. Holt
1994
* John H. Coatsworth
1995
*

Caroline Walker Bynum Caroline Walker Bynum, FBA (born May 10, 1941, in Atlanta, Georgia)Caroline Walker Bynum short CV
at < ...

1996
* Joyce Appleby
1997
* Joseph C. Miller
1998
* Robert Darnton
1999
*

Eric Foner Eric Foner (; born February 7, 1943) is an American historian. He writes extensively on American political history, the history of freedom, the early history of the Republican Party, African-American biography, the American Civil War, Reconstruc ...

2000
* Wm. Roger Louis
2001
*

Lynn Hunt Lynn Avery Hunt (born November 16, 1945) is the Eugen Weber Professor of Modern European History at the University of California, Los Angeles. Her area of expertise is the French Revolution, but she is also well known for her work in European cu ...

2002
* James M. McPherson
2003
* Jonathan Spence
2004
* James J. Sheehan
2005
* Linda K. Kerber
2006
* Barbara Weinstein
2007
* Gabrielle M. Spiegel
2008
* Laurel Thatcher Ulrich
2009
* Barbara Metcalf
2010
*

Anthony Grafton Anthony Thomas Grafton (born May 21, 1950) is an American historian of early modern Europe and the Henry Putnam University Professor of History at Princeton University, where he is also the Director the Program in European Cultural Studies. He i ...

2011
*

William Cronon William Cronon (born September 11, 1954 in New Haven, Connecticut) is an environmental historian and the Frederick Jackson Turner and Vilas Research Professor of History, Geography, and Environmental Studies at the University of Wisconsin–Madi ...

2012
*

2013
* Jan E. Goldstein
2014
* Vicki L. Ruiz
2015
* Patrick Manning
2016
*

2017
*

2018
* J. R. McNeill
2019
*

2020
*

2021

Affiliated societies

American Catholic Historical Association The American Catholic Historical Association (ACHA) was founded by Peter Guilday in Cleveland, Ohio, in December 1919 as a national society to bring together scholars interested in the history of the Roman Catholic Church or in Catholic aspects o ...

* Coordinating Council for Women in History *

Conference on Latin American History Conference on Latin American History, (CLAH), founded in 1926, is the professional organization of Latin American historians affiliated with the American Historical Association. It publishes the journal ''The Hispanic American Historical Review''. ...

* National Council on Public History *

Oral History Association The Oral History Association (OHA) is a professional association for oral historians and others interested in advancing the practice and use of oral history.Peace History Society *

Society for History in the Federal Government The Society for History in the Federal Government (SHFG) is a private non-profit organization established in 1979 to promote an understanding of the history of the federal government in the United States and to represent historians A historian i ...

Society for Medieval Feminist Scholarship The Society for Medieval Feminist Scholarship (SMFS) is an academic organization which "promotes the study of the Patristic Age, the Middle Ages, and the Early Modern era from the perspective of gender studies, women's studies, and feminist st ...

Society for Military History The Society for Military History is a United States–based international organization of scholars who research, write, and teach military history of all time periods and places. It includes naval history, air power history, and studies of technol ...

* Society of Architectural Historians * Swiss American Historical Society *

World History Association The World History Association (WHA) is an academic association that promotes the study of world history through the encouragement of research, teaching, and publication. It was founded in 1982. The WHA provides many opportunities for connecting w ...

References

Selected bibliography

* Alonso, Harriet Hyman. " Slammin' at the AHA." ''Rethinking History'' 2001 5(3): 441–446. Fulltext in Ingenta and Ebsco. The theme of the 2001 annual meeting of the AHA, "Practices of Historical Narrative," attracted a variety of panels. The article traces one such panel from its conception to presentation. Taking the theme to heart, the panelists created a "slam" (or reading) of narrative histories written by experienced historians, a graduate student, and an undergraduate student, and then opened the session to readings from the audience. * American Historical Association Committee on Graduate Education.
We Historians: the Golden Age and Beyond
" ''Perspectives'' 2003 41(5): 18–22. Surveys the state of the history profession in 2003 and points out that numerous career options exist for persons with a Ph.D. in history, although the traditional ideal of a university-level appointment for new Ph.D.s remains the primary goal of doctoral programs. * Bender, Thomas, Katz, Philip; Palmer, Colin; and American Historical Association Committee on Graduate Education.

'' U. of Illinois Press, 2004. 222 pp. * Elizabeth Donnan and Leo F. Stock, eds. ''An Historian's World: Selections from the Correspondence of John Franklin Jameson,'' (1956). Jameson was AHR editor 1895–1901, 1905–1928 * Higham, John. ''History: Professional Scholarship in America''. (1965, 2nd ed. 1989). * Meringolo, Denise D. "Capturing the Public Imagination: the Social and Professional Place of Public History." ''American Studies International'' 2004 42(2–3): 86–117. Fulltext in Ebsco. * Morey Rothberg and Jacqueline Goggin, eds., ''John Franklin Jameson and the Development of Humanistic Scholarship in America'' (3 vols., 1993–2001). * Novick, Peter. ''That Noble Dream: The "Objectivity Question" and the American Historical Profession''. Cambridge:

Cambridge University Press Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge. Granted letters patent by King Henry VIII in 1534, it is the oldest university press in the world. It is also the King's Printer. Cambridge University Pre ...

, 1988. * Orrill, Robert and Shapiro, Linn. "From Bold Beginnings to an Uncertain Future: the Discipline of History and History Education." ''American Historical Review'' 2005 110(3): 727–751. Fulltext in History Cooperative, University of Chicago Press and Ebsco. In challenging the reluctance of historians to join the national debate over teaching history in the schools, the authors argue that historians should remember the leading role that the profession once played in the making of school history. The AHA invented school history in the early 20th century and remained at the forefront of K–12 policymaking until just prior to World War II. However, it abandoned its long-standing activist stance and allowed school history to be submerged within the ill-defined, antidisciplinary domain of "social studies." * Sheehan, James J.
The AHA and its Publics - Part I
" ''Perspectives'' 2005 43(2): 5–7. * Stearns, Peter N.; Seixas, Peter; and Wineburg, Sam, ed. ''Knowing, Teaching, and Learning History.'' New York U. Press, 2000. 576 pp. * Townsend, Robert B. ''History's Babel: Scholarship, Professionalization, and the Historical Enterprise in the United States, 1880–1940''. Chicago: University Of Chicago Press, 2013. * Tyrrell, Ian. ''Historians in Public: The Practice of American History, 1890–1970''. Chicago:

University of Chicago Press The University of Chicago Press is the largest and one of the oldest university presses in the United States. It is operated by the University of Chicago and publishes a wide variety of academic titles, including ''The Chicago Manual of Style'', ...

, 2005.

External links

* {{authority control History organizations based in the United States Professional associations based in the United States Organizations established in 1884 Historical societies of the United States Supraorganizations Patriotic and national organizations chartered by the United States Congress 1884 establishments in the United States