Agrarian reform can refer either, narrowly, to government-initiated or government-backed redistribution of
agricultural land (see
land reform
Land reform is a form of agrarian reform involving the changing of laws, regulations, or customs regarding land ownership. Land reform may consist of a government-initiated or government-backed property redistribution, generally of agricultura ...
) or, broadly, to an overall redirection of the
agrarian system of the country, which often includes land reform measures. Agrarian reform can include
credit measures, training,
extension
Extension, extend or extended may refer to:
Mathematics
Logic or set theory
* Axiom of extensionality
* Extensible cardinal
* Extension (model theory)
* Extension (predicate logic), the set of tuples of values that satisfy the predicate
* Ext ...
,
land consolidations, etc. The
World Bank
The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the governments of low- and middle-income countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects. The World Bank is the collective name for the Inte ...
evaluates agrarian reform using five dimensions: (1) stocks and market liberalization, (2) land reform (including the development of land markets), (3) agro-processing and input supply channels, (4) urban finance, (5) market institutions.
The United Nations thesaurus sees agrarian reform as a component of agricultural economics and policy, with a specific impact on rural sociology, and broader than land reform, describing agrarian reform as:
Reforms covering all aspects of agrarian institutions, including land reform, production and supporting services structure, public administration in rural areas, rural social welfare and educational institutions, etc.
Cousins defines the difference between agrarian reform and land reform as follows:
Land reform… is concerned with rights in land, and their character, strength and distribution, while… grarian reformfocuses not only on these but also a broader set of issues: the class character of the relations of production and distribution in farming and related enterprises, and how these connect to the wider class structure. It is thus concerned economic and political power and the relations between them…Agrarian reform and the 'two economies': transforming South Africa's countryside
, Programme for Land and Agrarian Studies (PLAAS), School of Government, the University of the Western Cape, South Africa, 2005, p.10. Accessed online 16 August 2006. That link is no longer available, bu
the PDF
was archived on the Internet Archive
The Internet Archive is an American digital library with the stated mission of "universal access to all knowledge". It provides free public access to collections of digitized materials, including websites, software applications/games, music, ...
15 March 2007.-->
Along similar lines, a 2003
World Bank
The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the governments of low- and middle-income countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects. The World Bank is the collective name for the Inte ...
report states,
…A key precondition for land reform to be feasible and effective in improving beneficiaries' livelihoods is that such programs fit into a broader policy aimed at reducing poverty and establishing a favourable environment for the development of productive smallholder agriculture by beneficiaries.
Examples of other issues include "
tenure security" for "farm workers, labour tenants, … farm dwellers…
ndtenant peasants", which makes these workers and tenants better prospects for receiving private-sector loans;
"infrastructure and support services";
[Cousins, ''op. cit.'', p.12]
government support of "forms of rural enterprise" that are "complementary" to agriculture;
[Cousins, ''op. cit.'', p.14]
and increased community participation of government decisions in rural areas.
See also
*
Agrarian law
*
Agribusiness
*
Committee on Sustainability Assessment
The Committee on Sustainability Assessment (COSA) is a global consortium of development institutions that work collaboratively to advance sustainability learning with its systematic and science-based measurement. COSA applies a pragmatic and colle ...
(COSA)
*
Food security
Food security speaks to the availability of food in a country (or geography) and the ability of individuals within that country (geography) to access, afford, and source adequate foodstuffs. According to the United Nations' Committee on World ...
*
Food sovereignty
*
Land reform
Land reform is a form of agrarian reform involving the changing of laws, regulations, or customs regarding land ownership. Land reform may consist of a government-initiated or government-backed property redistribution, generally of agricultura ...
*
Land reforms by country
*
Tiberius Gracchus
References
External links
Global Food Security Threatened by Corporate Land Grabs in Poor Countries- video report by ''
Democracy Now!''
*Springer, S. 2012
"Illegal evictions? Overwriting possession and orality with law’s violence in Cambodia."] Journal of Agrarian Change, vol, 13, no. 4, pp. 520–546, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0366.2012.00368.x
{{DEFAULTSORT:Agrarian Reform
Agrarian politics
Land reform
pt:Reforma agrária