Abietoideae
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Abietoideae is a
subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...
of the conifer
family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...
Pinaceae The Pinaceae, or pine family, are conifer trees or shrubs, including many of the well-known conifers of commercial importance such as Cedrus, cedars, firs, Tsuga, hemlocks, larches, pines and spruces. The family is included in the order Pinales, ...
. The name is from the genus ''
Abies Firs (''Abies'') are a genus of 48–56 species of evergreen coniferous trees in the family Pinaceae. They are found on mountains throughout much of North and Central America, Europe, Asia, and North Africa. The genus is most closely related to ...
'' ( firs), which contains most of the species in the genus. Six genera are currently assigned to this subfamily: ''
Abies Firs (''Abies'') are a genus of 48–56 species of evergreen coniferous trees in the family Pinaceae. They are found on mountains throughout much of North and Central America, Europe, Asia, and North Africa. The genus is most closely related to ...
'', ''
Cedrus ''Cedrus'', common English name cedar, is a genus of coniferous trees in the plant family Pinaceae (subfamily Abietoideae). They are native plant, native to the mountains of the western Himalayas and the Mediterranean region, occurring at altit ...
'', ''
Keteleeria ''Keteleeria'' is a genus of three species of coniferous trees in the family Pinaceae first described as a genus in 1866. The genus name ''Keteleeria'' honours J.B. Keteleer (1813–1903), a French nurseryman. The group is related to the genera ...
'', ''
Nothotsuga ''Nothotsuga'' is a genus of coniferous trees in the family Pinaceae endemic to China. ''Nothotsuga'' contains only one species, ''Nothotsuga longibracteata'', commonly known as the bristlecone hemlock, which is found in southeastern China, in ...
'', ''
Pseudolarix ''Pseudolarix'' is a genus of coniferous trees in the pine family Pinaceae containing three species, the extant ''Pseudolarix amabilis'' and the extinct species '' Pseudolarix japonica'' and '' Pseudolarix wehrii''. ''Pseudolarix'' species are c ...
'', and ''
Tsuga ''Tsuga'' (, from Japanese (), the name of ''Tsuga sieboldii'') is a genus of conifers in the subfamily Abietoideae of Pinaceae, the pine family. The common name hemlock is derived from a perceived similarity in the smell of its crushed folia ...
''. ''Abies alba'' from Koehler (1887) The group was formerly treated as a separate family, the Abietaceae, by some plant taxonomy systems, such as the
Wettstein system A system of plant taxonomy, the Wettstein system recognised the following main groups, according to Richard Wettstein's ''Handbuch der Systematischen Botanik'' (1901–1924). 3rd edition (1924) Outline Synopsis * Flagellatae p. 65 * ...
.


Genera and species

*''
Abies Firs (''Abies'') are a genus of 48–56 species of evergreen coniferous trees in the family Pinaceae. They are found on mountains throughout much of North and Central America, Europe, Asia, and North Africa. The genus is most closely related to ...
'' - firs ** ''
Abies alba ''Abies alba'', the European silver fir or silver fir, is a fir native to the mountains of Europe, from the Pyrenees north to Normandy, east to the Alps and the Carpathians, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, and sou ...
''— silver fir ** ''
Abies amabilis ''Abies amabilis'', commonly known as the Pacific silver fir, is a fir native to the Pacific Northwest of North America, occurring in the Pacific Coast Ranges and the Cascade Range. It is also commonly referred to as the white fir, red fir, lov ...
''—Pacific silver fir ** ''
Abies balsamea ''Abies balsamea'' or balsam fir is a North American fir, native to most of eastern and central Canada ( Newfoundland west to central Alberta) and the northeastern United States (Minnesota east to Maine, and south in the Appalachian Mountains to ...
''—balsam fir ** ''
Abies beshanzuensis ''Abies beshanzuensis'' (Baishanzu fir, Baishan fir) is a species of fir (genus ''Abies'') in the family Pinaceae. It is endemism, endemic to Baishanzu, Mt. Baishanzu in southern Zhejiang province in eastern China, where it grows at altitude and ...
''—Baishanzu fir ** ''
Abies borisii-regis ''Abies borisii-regis'' (Bulgarian fir) is a species of fir native to the mountains of the Balkan Peninsula in Bulgaria, northern Greece, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Albania and Serbia. It occurs at altitudes of 800–1,800 m, on mountai ...
''— Bulgarian fir ** '' Abies bracteata''—bristlecone fir ** ''
Abies cephalonica ''Abies cephalonica'' or Greek fir is a fir native to the mountains of Greece, primarily in the Peloponnesos and the island of Kefallonia, intergrading with the closely related Bulgarian fir further north in the Pindus mountains of northern Gre ...
''— Greek fir ** '' Abies chensiensis''—Shensi fir ** ''
Abies cilicica ''Abies cilicica'', also known as Cilician fir or Taurus fir, is a species of conifer in the family Pinaceae. It is found in Lebanon, Syria, and Turkey. ''Abies cilicica'' and ''Cedrus libani'', together with Acer hyrcanum, ''Acer hyrcanum'' subs ...
''—Syrian fir ** ''
Abies concolor ''Abies concolor'', the white fir, is a coniferous tree in the pine family Pinaceae. This tree is native to the mountains of western North America, including the Cascade Range and southern Rocky Mountains, and into the isolated mountain ranges ...
''—white fir ** ''
Abies delavayi ''Abies delavayi'', the Delavay's silver-fir or Delavay's fir, is a species of fir, native to Yunnan in southwest China and adjoining border areas in southeastern Tibet, far northeastern India, northern Myanmar, and far northwestern Vietnam. It ...
''—Delavay's fir ** ''
Abies densa ''Abies densa'', the Bhutan fir, is a conifer species in the family Pinaceae. It is sometimes included in the East Himalayan fir (''A. spectabilis'') as a variety. Found in Bhutan, China, India, and Nepal, it is not considered a threatened s ...
''—Bhutan fir ** '' Abies durangensis''—Durango fir ** ''
Abies fabri ''Abies fabri'' (Faber's fir) is a conifer species in the family Pinaceae. It is endemic to Sichuan in western China, occurring on the sacred mountain of Emei Shan (from where it was first described) and westward to the Gongga Shan massif, growi ...
''—Faber's fir ** '' Abies fanjingshanensis''—Fanjingshan fir ** ''
Abies fargesii ''Abies fargesii'' () is a species of fir, a coniferous tree in the family Pinaceae. Its common name is Farges' fir, after the French missionary, botanist and plant collector, Paul Guillaume Farges. ''Abies fargesii'' can grow very large and b ...
''— Farges' fir ** ''
Abies firma ''Abies firma'', the momi fir, is a species of fir native to central and southern Japan, growing at low to moderate altitudes of 50–1600 m. ''Abies firma'' is a medium-sized to large evergreen coniferous tree growing to tall and in trunk d ...
''—Momi fir ** '' Abies flinckii''—Jalisco fir ** ''
Abies forrestii ''Abies forrestii'' is a species of conifer in the family Pinaceae, endemism, endemic to China. It is named after the Scottish botanist and plant-hunter George Forrest (botanist), George Forrest (1873–1932), who discovered it for western scienc ...
''—Forrest's fir ** ''
Abies fraseri The Fraser fir (''Abies fraseri'') is a species of fir native to the Appalachian Mountains of the Southeastern United States. ''Abies fraseri'' is closely related to ''Abies balsamea'' (balsam fir), of which it has occasionally been treated a ...
''—Fraser fir ** ''
Abies grandis ''Abies grandis'' (grand fir, giant fir, lowland white fir, great silver fir, western white fir, Vancouver fir, or Oregon fir) is a fir native to the Pacific Northwest and Northern California of North America, occurring at altitudes of sea leve ...
''— grand fir or giant fir ** ''
Abies guatemalensis ''Abies guatemalensis'', the Guatemalan fir or ''pinabete'', is an evergreen tree native to Central America and is the southernmost member of the genus ''Abies'' being spread to the south lower than 14° N. Its range is from southern (less from ...
''—Guatemalan fir ** '' Abies hickelii''—Hickel's fir ** ''
Abies holophylla ''Abies holophylla'', also called needle fir or Manchurian fir, is a species of fir native to mountainous regions of northern Korea, southern Ussuriland, and China in the provinces of Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Liaoning. It is an evergreen c ...
''—Manchurian fir ** ''
Abies homolepis ''Abies homolepis'', the Nikko fir (in Japanese ウラジロモミ, urajiro-momi) is a fir native to the mountains of central and southern Honshū and Shikoku, Japan. It grows at altitudes of 700–2,200 m, often in temperate rain fores ...
''—Nikko fir ** ''
Abies kawakamii ''Abies kawakamii'' is a species of conifer in the family Pinaceae. It is found only in Taiwan. First described in 1908 by Bunzō Hayata as a variety of '' Abies mariesii'', a high-mountain fir native to Japan; the next year it was elevated to ...
''—Taiwan fir ** ''
Abies koreana ''Abies koreana'' ( ko, 구상나무, ''Gusang namu''), the Korean fir, is a species of fir native to the higher mountains of South Korea, including Jeju Island. It grows at altitudes of in temperate rainforest with high rainfall and cool, hu ...
''—Korean fir ** ''
Abies lasiocarpa ''Abies lasiocarpa'', the subalpine fir or Rocky Mountain fir, is a western North American fir tree. Description ''Abies lasiocarpa'' is a medium-sized evergreen conifer with a very narrow conic crown, growing to tall, exceptionally , with a t ...
''—subalpine fir ** ''
Abies magnifica ''Abies magnifica'', the red fir or silvertip fir, is a western North American fir, native to the mountains of southwest Oregon and California in the United States. It is a high-elevation tree, typically occurring at elevation, though only rare ...
''—red fir ** '' Abies mariesii''—Maries' fir ** ''
Abies milleri ''Abies milleri'', an extinct species of fir known from fossil remains found in deposits from the early Eocene Ypresian Stage (stratigraphy), stage (around 49.5 mya) in Washington (U.S. state), Washington State, USA, is the oldest confirmed recor ...
''—Early
Eocene The Eocene ( ) Epoch is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (mya). It is the second epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), Era. The name ''Eocene' ...
** ''
Abies nebrodensis ''Abies nebrodensis'', the Sicilian fir, is a fir native to the Madonie mountains in northern Sicily. Taxonomy It is closely related to silver fir, ''Abies alba'', which replaces it in the Apennine Mountains of Italy and elsewhere further nort ...
''— Sicilian fir ** ''
Abies nephrolepis ''Abies nephrolepis'', commonly known as Khingan fir, is a species of fir native to northeastern China (Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi), North Korea, South Korea, and southeastern Russia (Amur Oblast, Jewish Autonomous Oblast, P ...
''—Khinghan fir ** ''
Abies nordmanniana ''Abies nordmanniana'', the Nordmann fir or Caucasian fir, is a fir indigenous to the mountains south and east of the Black Sea, in Turkey, Georgia and the Russian Caucasus. It occurs at altitudes of 900–2,200 m on mountains with pre ...
''— Nordmann fir or Caucasian fir ** ''
Abies numidica ''Abies numidica'', the Algerian fir, is a species of fir found only in Algeria, where it is endemic on Djebel Babor, the second-highest mountain (2,004 meters) in the Algerian Tell Atlas.Farjon, A. (1990). ''Pinaceae. Drawings and Description ...
''—Algerian fir ** ''
Abies pindrow ''Abies pindrow'', the pindrow fir or west Himalayan fir, is a fir native to the western Himalaya and adjacent mountains, from northeast Afghanistan east through northern Pakistan and India to central Nepal. Description It is a large e ...
''—Pindrow fir ** ''
Abies pinsapo ''Abies pinsapo'', the Spanish fir, is a species of tree in the family Pinaceae, native to southern Spain and northern Morocco. Related to other species of Mediterranean firs, it appears at altitudes of in the Sierra de Grazalema in the Provin ...
''—Spanish fir ** ''
Abies procera ''Abies procera'', the noble fir, also called red fir and Christmas tree, is a species of fir native to the Cascade Range and Pacific Coast Ranges of the northwestern Pacific Coast of the United States. It occurs at altitudes of . Description ' ...
''—noble fir ** ''
Abies recurvata ''Abies recurvata'' is a species of conifer in the family Pinaceae. It is found only in China. ''Abies recurvata'' is a distinct fir species usually recognized by the needles on its leaders mostly recurved or reflexed. It occurs in the drier, c ...
''—Min fir ** ''
Abies religiosa ''Abies religiosa'', the oyamel fir or sacred fir, (known as in Spanish) is a fir native to the mountains of central and southern Mexico (Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, Sierra Madre del Sur) and western Guatemala. It grows at high altitudes o ...
''—sacred fir ** ''
Abies sachalinensis ''Abies sachalinensis'', the Sakhalin fir, is a species of conifer in the family Pinaceae. It is found in Sakhalin island and southern Kurils (Russia), and also in northern Hokkaido ( Japan). The first discovery by a European was by Carl Fri ...
''—Sakhalin fir ** ''
Abies sibirica ''Abies sibirica'', the Siberian fir, is a coniferous evergreen tree native to the taiga east of the Volga River and south of 67°40' North latitude in Siberia through Turkestan, northeast Xinjiang, Mongolia and Heilongjiang. Distribution The ...
''—Siberian fir ** '' Abies spectabilis''—East Himalayan fir ** '' Abies squamata''—flaky fir ** ''
Abies veitchii ''Abies veitchii'' (Veitch's fir; シラビソ or シラベ shirabiso or shirabe), also known as Veitch's silver-fir, is a fir native to Japan on the islands of Honshū and Shikoku. It lives in moist soils in cool wet mountain forests at elev ...
''—Veitch's fir ** ''
Abies vejarii ''Abies vejarii'' is a species of fir native to northeastern Mexico, in the states of Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas, where it grows at high altitudes (2,000–3,300 m) in the Sierra Madre Oriental.Farjon, A. (1990). ''Pinaceae. Drawings a ...
'' ** '' Abies yuanbaoshanensis''—Yuanbaoshan fir ** ''
Abies ziyuanensis ''Abies ziyuanensis'' is a species of fir, a conifer in the family Pinaceae. It is only known from four locations in Guangxi and Hunan provinces in China. ''A. ziyuanensis'' is related to ''Abies beshanzuensis ''Abies beshanzuensis'' (Baisha ...
''—Ziyuan fir *''
Cedrus ''Cedrus'', common English name cedar, is a genus of coniferous trees in the plant family Pinaceae (subfamily Abietoideae). They are native plant, native to the mountains of the western Himalayas and the Mediterranean region, occurring at altit ...
'' **''
Cedrus atlantica ''Cedrus atlantica'', the Atlas cedar, is a species of tree in the pine family Pinaceae, native to the Rif and Atlas Mountains of Morocco (Middle Atlas, High Atlas), and to the Tell Atlas in Algeria.Gaussen, H. (1964). Genre ''Cedrus''. Les F ...
'' **''
Cedrus brevifolia ''Cedrus brevifolia'', the Cyprus cedar, is a species of conifer in the genus ''Cedrus''. It is native to the Troödos Mountains of central Cyprus. It grows in the Cedar Valley in Pafos State Forest. It is often considered to be a synonym of ' ...
'' **''
Cedrus deodara ''Cedrus deodara'', the deodar cedar, Himalayan cedar, or deodar, is a species of cedar native to the Himalayas. Description It is a large evergreen coniferous tree reaching tall, exceptionally with a trunk up to in diameter. It has a conic c ...
'' **''
Cedrus libani ''Cedrus libani'', the cedar of Lebanon or Lebanese cedar (), is a species of tree in the genus cedrus, a part of the pine family, native to the mountains of the Eastern Mediterranean basin. It is a large evergreen conifer that has great religi ...
'' *''
Keteleeria ''Keteleeria'' is a genus of three species of coniferous trees in the family Pinaceae first described as a genus in 1866. The genus name ''Keteleeria'' honours J.B. Keteleer (1813–1903), a French nurseryman. The group is related to the genera ...
'' **''
Keteleeria davidiana ''Keteleeria davidiana'' ( zh: 铁坚油杉) is a coniferous evergreen tree native to Taiwan and southeast China, in the provinces of Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, and Yunnan. It also occurs in the very northern par ...
'' **''
Keteleeria evelyniana ''Keteleeria evelyniana'' (Evelyn keteleeria, , Vietnamese: Du sam) is a species of conifer native to southern China, Laos and Vietnam. It can grow to a height of . Taxonomic notes Syn: ''Keteleeria delavayi'' Van Tieghem 1891; ''K. dopiana'' F ...
'' **''
Keteleeria fortunei ''Keteleeria fortunei'' ( zh: 油杉, ''you shan'') is a coniferous evergreen tree. Originated in China, ''K. fortunei'' is an ancient relict species and a second-class national key protected plant, "mainly distributed in south subtropical to th ...
'' *''
Nothotsuga ''Nothotsuga'' is a genus of coniferous trees in the family Pinaceae endemic to China. ''Nothotsuga'' contains only one species, ''Nothotsuga longibracteata'', commonly known as the bristlecone hemlock, which is found in southeastern China, in ...
'' **'' Nothotsuga longibracteata'' *''
Pseudolarix ''Pseudolarix'' is a genus of coniferous trees in the pine family Pinaceae containing three species, the extant ''Pseudolarix amabilis'' and the extinct species '' Pseudolarix japonica'' and '' Pseudolarix wehrii''. ''Pseudolarix'' species are c ...
'' **†'' Pseudolarix arnoldii'' **''
Pseudolarix amabilis ''Pseudolarix amabilis'' is a species of coniferous tree in the pine family Pinaceae. The species is commonly known as golden larch, but being more closely related to ''Keteleeria'', ''Abies'' and ''Cedrus'', is not a true larch (''Larix''). ''P ...
'' **†'' Pseudolarix wehrii'' *''
Tsuga ''Tsuga'' (, from Japanese (), the name of ''Tsuga sieboldii'') is a genus of conifers in the subfamily Abietoideae of Pinaceae, the pine family. The common name hemlock is derived from a perceived similarity in the smell of its crushed folia ...
'' - hemlocks ** ''
Tsuga canadensis ''Tsuga canadensis'', also known as eastern hemlock, eastern hemlock-spruce, or Canadian hemlock, and in the French-speaking regions of Canada as ''pruche du Canada'', is a coniferous tree native to eastern North America. It is the state tree o ...
'' – eastern hemlock – Eastern Canada, Eastern United States ** ''
Tsuga caroliniana ''Tsuga caroliniana'', the Carolina hemlock, is a species of hemlock endemic to the United States. Distribution and habitat Carolina hemlock is native to the Appalachian Mountains in southwest Virginia, western North Carolina, extreme northeas ...
'' – Carolina hemlock – Southern
Appalachians The Appalachian Mountains, often called the Appalachians, (french: Appalaches), are a system of mountains in eastern to northeastern North America. The Appalachians first formed roughly 480 million years ago during the Ordovician Period. They ...
**''
Tsuga chinensis ''Tsuga chinensis'', commonly referred to as the Taiwan or Chinese hemlock, or in Chinese as tieshan (), is a coniferous tree species native to China, Taiwan, Tibet and Vietnam. The tree is quite variable and has many recognised varieties, thou ...
'' – Taiwan hemlock – much of China incl Tibet + Taiwan **'' Tsuga diversifolia'' – northern Japanese hemlock –
Honshu , historically called , is the largest and most populous island of Japan. It is located south of Hokkaidō across the Tsugaru Strait, north of Shikoku across the Inland Sea, and northeast of Kyūshū across the Kanmon Straits. The island separ ...
,
Kyushu is the third-largest island of Japan's five main islands and the most southerly of the four largest islands ( i.e. excluding Okinawa). In the past, it has been known as , and . The historical regional name referred to Kyushu and its surroun ...
**''
Tsuga dumosa ''Tsuga dumosa'', commonly called the Himalayan hemlock or in Chinese, Yunnan tieshan (), is a species of conifer native to the eastern Himalayas. It occurs in parts of Nepal, India, Bhutan, Myanmar, Vietnam and Tibet. Within its native range t ...
'' – Himalayan hemlock –
Himalayas The Himalayas, or Himalaya (; ; ), is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has some of the planet's highest peaks, including the very highest, Mount Everest. Over 100 ...
,
Tibet Tibet (; ''Böd''; ) is a region in East Asia, covering much of the Tibetan Plateau and spanning about . It is the traditional homeland of the Tibetan people. Also resident on the plateau are some other ethnic groups such as Monpa people, ...
,
Yunnan Yunnan , () is a landlocked Provinces of China, province in Southwest China, the southwest of the People's Republic of China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 48.3 million (as of 2018). The capital of the province is ...
,
Sichuan Sichuan (; zh, c=, labels=no, ; zh, p=Sìchuān; alternatively romanized as Szechuan or Szechwan; formerly also referred to as "West China" or "Western China" by Protestant missions) is a province in Southwest China occupying most of the ...
**''
Tsuga forrestii ''Tsuga forrestii'' is a species of conifer in the family Pinaceae. It is considered as a variety of ''Tsuga chinensis'' (i.e., ''T. c.'' var. ''forrestii'') by some. It grows in mixed forests in mountains and valleys of northeast Guizhou, south ...
'' – Forrest's hemlock –
Sichuan Sichuan (; zh, c=, labels=no, ; zh, p=Sìchuān; alternatively romanized as Szechuan or Szechwan; formerly also referred to as "West China" or "Western China" by Protestant missions) is a province in Southwest China occupying most of the ...
,
Yunnan Yunnan , () is a landlocked Provinces of China, province in Southwest China, the southwest of the People's Republic of China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 48.3 million (as of 2018). The capital of the province is ...
,
Guizhou Guizhou (; formerly Kweichow) is a landlocked province in the southwest region of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Guiyang, in the center of the province. Guizhou borders the autonomous region of Guangxi to t ...
**''
Tsuga heterophylla ''Tsuga heterophylla'', the western hemlock or western hemlock-spruce, is a species of hemlock native to the west coast of North America, with its northwestern limit on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, and its southeastern limit in northern Sonoma ...
'' – western hemlock – Western Canada, Northwestern United States **'' Tsuga × jeffreyi'' –
British Columbia British Columbia (commonly abbreviated as BC) is the westernmost province of Canada, situated between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains. It has a diverse geography, with rugged landscapes that include rocky coastlines, sandy beaches, ...
,
Washington Washington commonly refers to: * Washington (state), United States * Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States ** A metonym for the federal government of the United States ** Washington metropolitan area, the metropolitan area centered o ...
**''
Tsuga mertensiana ''Tsuga mertensiana'', known as mountain hemlock, is a species of hemlock native to the west coast of North America, found between Southcentral Alaska and south-central California. Description ''Tsuga mertensiana'' is a large evergreen conifer ...
'' – mountain hemlock – Alaska,
British Columbia British Columbia (commonly abbreviated as BC) is the westernmost province of Canada, situated between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains. It has a diverse geography, with rugged landscapes that include rocky coastlines, sandy beaches, ...
, Western United States **''
Tsuga sieboldii ''Tsuga sieboldii'', also called the southern Japanese hemlock, or in Japanese, simply tsuga (栂), is a conifer native to the Japanese islands of Honshū, Kyūshū, Shikoku and Yakushima. In Europe and North America the tree is sometimes u ...
'' – southern Japanese hemlock – Japan **''
Tsuga ulleungensis ''Tsuga ulleungensis'', also known as the Ulleungdo hemlock, is a conifer species discovered on Ulleungdo island, Korea Korea ( ko, 한국, or , ) is a peninsular region in East Asia. Since 1945, it has been divided at or near the 38th ...
'' – Ulleungdo hemlock –
Ulleungdo Ulleungdo (also spelled Ulreungdo; Hangul: , ) is a South Korean island 120 km (75 mi) east of the Korean Peninsula in the Sea of Japan, formerly known as the Dagelet Island or Argonaut Island in Europe. Volcanic in origin, the rocky s ...
island, Korea


References

Pinaceae Plant subfamilies {{conifer-stub