AMR Corporation was an

airline An airline is a company that provides air transport services for traveling passengers and freight. Airlines use aircraft to supply these services and may form partnerships or alliances with other airlines for codeshare agreements, in wh ...

holding company A holding company is a company whose primary business is holding a controlling interest in the securities of other companies. A holding company usually does not produce goods or services itself. Its purpose is to own shares of other companies ...

based in

Fort Worth Fort Worth is the fifth-largest city in the U.S. state of Texas and the 13th-largest city in the United States. It is the county seat of Tarrant County, covering nearly into four other counties: Denton, Johnson, Parker, and Wise. Accord ...

Texas Texas (, ; Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2020, it is the second-largest U.S. state by ...

, which was the parent company of

American Airlines American Airlines is a major US-based airline headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas, within the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. It is the largest airline in the world when measured by fleet size, scheduled passengers carried, and revenue passeng ...

, American Eagle Airlines,

AmericanConnection AmericanConnection was an American flight connection service brand name for the spoke-hub of U.S. mainline carrier American Airlines, under which regional airline operator Chautauqua Airlines operated feeder flights for American Airlines at ...

and Executive Airlines. AMR filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in November 2011. The company emerged from bankruptcy on December 9, 2013, and at the same time announced that it would merge with

US Airways Group US Airways Group Inc. was an airline holding company based in Tempe, Arizona. US Airways Group operated US Airways, along with its subsidiaries PSA Airlines, Inc. and Piedmont Airlines, Inc., which are wholly owned but marketed under the bra ...

to form a new company,

American Airlines Group American Airlines Group Inc. is an American publicly traded airline holding company headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas. It was formed on December 9, 2013, by the merger of AMR Corporation, the parent company of American Airlines, and US Airways ...

History

AMR Corporation was formed in 1982, as part of

's non-bankruptcy reorganization into a

Delaware corporation The Delaware General Corporation Law (Title 8, Chapter 1 of the Delaware Code) is the statute of the Delaware Code that governs corporate law in the U.S. state of Delaware. Adopted in 1899, the statute has since seen Delaware become the most im ...

, its name derived from American Airlines's former ticker symbol on the

New York Stock Exchange The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE, nicknamed "The Big Board") is an American stock exchange in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City. It is by far the world's largest stock exchange by market capitalization of its liste ...

. In 1984, various subsidiaries previously owned by American Airlines merged and created AMR Energy Corporation; it was involved in creating oil and natural gas resources. In 1986, AMR announced that it would be acquiring

Air California Air California, later renamed AirCal, was an American airline company, founded by William E. Myers and Bill Perrera, a partnership of Orange County businessmen. It began as an intrastate airline operating solely within California. Air Califo ...

's parent company, ACI Holdings, for $225 million. In 1994, AMR succeeded in achieving profitability, after failing to produce it for three years in a row. In 1998, the company announced that it would sell three of its subsidiaries and focus solely on the core airline businesses. AMR purchased

Trans World Airlines Trans World Airlines (TWA) was a major American airline which operated from 1930 until 2001. It was formed as Transcontinental & Western Air to operate a route from New York City to Los Angeles via St. Louis, Kansas City, and other stops, with F ...

(TWA) in 2001, for $742 million. With the acquisition, American became the largest airline in the world and surpassed

United Airlines United Airlines, Inc. (commonly referred to as United), is a major American airline headquartered at the Willis Tower in Chicago, Illinois.

. On November 29, 2011, AMR Corporation filed for Chapter 11 reorganization bankruptcy with $4 billion of cash. The decision came as the airline tried to "achieve a cost and debt structure that is industry competitive and thereby assure its long-term viability and ability to continue delivering a world-class travel experience for its customers," the company said in a statement. American Airlines stated that despite the filing it was continuing normal operations. Chairman and CEO

Gerard Arpey Gerard J. Arpey (born 26 July 1958) is the former chairman, president, and chief executive officer (CEO) of AMR Corporation, parent company to American Airlines. Biography Education Arpey received a Bachelor of Business Administration degr ...

stepped down and was replaced by company president

Thomas W. Horton Thomas W. Horton (born May 24, 1961) is a partner of Global Infrastructure Partners and is lead director at Walmart Inc. and General Electric Corp. He was chairman, president, and CEO of AMR Corporation until it merged with US Airways Group to fo ...

. American was the last of the remaining legacy airlines in the US to file for bankruptcy, and thus there are no remaining legacy carriers that have not taken advantage of Chapter 11. The Air Transport Association group said that unofficial research states that AMR was the 100th airline company to go into bankruptcy protection since 1990. On December 2, 2011, AMR Corporation was replaced by

Alaska Air Group Alaska Air Group is an American airline holding company based in SeaTac, Washington, United States. The group owns two certificated airlines, Alaska Airlines, a mainline carrier, and Horizon Air, a regional carrier. Alaska Airlines in turn whol ...

in the

Dow Jones Transportation Average The Dow Jones Transportation Average (DJTA, also called the "Dow Jones Transports") is a U.S. stock market index from S&P Dow Jones Indices of the transportation sector, and is the most widely recognized gauge of the American transportation sector ...

. In February 2012 the company announced that in order to cut operating costs and boost revenue, it would eliminate 13,000 jobs, which amounted to 18 percent (including 15 percent management positions) of American Airline's 73,800 employees. This was projected to cut 20 percent—$2 billion—of operating costs and raise revenue by $1 billion. Since 2001, accumulative losses of the company were $11 billion. The new CEO said there would probably be job cuts due to reduction to the flight schedule. On February 1, 2012, Horton announced that they would be cutting 13,000 jobs and restructuring pension benefits, after losing $884 million in the first nine months of 2011 and $904 million in December 2011 alone.

Merger with US Airways

In January 2012,

expressed interest to take over American Airlines, followed by the AMR CEO stating, in March, that American was open to a merger with US Airways. US Airways told some American Airlines creditors that merging the two carriers could yield more than $1.5 billion a year in added revenue and cost savings. On 20 April 2012, American Airlines' three unions said they supported a proposed merger between American and US Airways. In July 2012, American announced capacity cuts due to the grounding of several aircraft associated with its bankruptcy and lack of pilots due to retirements. American's regional airline, American Eagle, stated it would retire 35 to 40 regional jets as well as its Saab turboprop fleet. As of September 2012, American's unions were looking to merge with another airline. Reports were the possible merger partners AMR was looking at were,

US Airways US Airways (formerly USAir) was a major United States airline that operated from 1937 until its merger with American Airlines in 2015. It was originally founded in Pittsburgh as a mail delivery airline called All American Aviation, which soon ...

JetBlue JetBlue Airways Corporation (stylized as jetBlue) is a major American low cost airline, and the seventh largest airline in North America by passengers carried. The airline is headquartered in the Long Island City neighborhood of the New York C ...

Alaska Airlines Alaska Airlines is a major American airline headquartered in SeaTac, Washington, within the Seattle metropolitan area. It is the sixth largest airline in North America when measured by fleet size, scheduled passengers carried, and the num ...

Frontier A frontier is the political and geographical area near or beyond a boundary. A frontier can also be referred to as a "front". The term came from French in the 15th century, with the meaning "borderland"—the region of a country that fronts ...

and

Virgin America Virgin America Inc. was a low-cost U.S. airline that operated from 2007 until 2018, when it was acquired by Alaska Airlines. The airline primarily focused on operating low-fare service between cities on the West Coast and other major metropol ...

. Indeed, in a July 12 court filing US Airways said it supported an American Airlines request to extend a period during which only American could file a bankruptcy reorganization plan ("exclusivity period"); in the filing US Airways disclosed that it was an American Airlines creditor and "prospective merger partner. On August 31, 2012, US Airways CEO Doug Parker announced that American Airlines and US Airways had signed a nondisclosure agreement, in which the airlines would discuss their financials and a possible merger." On February 14, 2013, AMR and US Airways Group officially announced that the two companies would merge to form the largest airline in the world. In the deal, which closed in the third quarter of 2013, bondholders of AMR would own 72% of the new company and US Airways shareholders would own the remaining 28%. The combined airline would carry the American Airlines name and branding, while the US Airways' management team, including CEO Doug Parker, would retain most operational management positions. Headquarters for the new airline was consolidated at American's current headquarters in

Fort Worth, Texas Fort Worth is the List of cities in Texas by population, fifth-largest city in the U.S. state of Texas and the List of United States cities by population, 13th-largest city in the United States. It is the county seat of Tarrant County, Texas, T ...

. AMR president and CEO

was replaced as CEO by the current CEO of US Airways, Doug Parker. Horton remained as chairman of the merged business, while US Airways president Scott Kirby became president of the merged company.

Subsidiaries and divisions

* American Airlines Inc ** Admirals Club, Inc. **American Airlines de Mexico, S.A. **American Airlines de Venezuela, S.A. **American Airlines Marketing Services LLC **American Airlines Realty (NYC) Holdings, Inc. ** American Airlines Vacations LLC **American Aviation Supply LLC **Packcall Limited **AA Real Estate Holding GP LLC **AA Real Estate Holding L.P. **TransWorld Airlines (TWA, LLC) **Reno Air, Inc. **American Airlines IP Licensing Holding, LLC **Texas Aero Engine Services, L.L.C, dba TAESL * *Americas Ground Services, Inc. **Aerodespachos de Colombia, SA (AERCOL SA) **Caribbean Dispatch Services, Ltd. **American Airlines, Division de Servicios Aeroportuarios (R.D.), S.A. (DSA) **International Ground Services, S.A. de C.V. (IGS) *AMR Eagle Holding Corporation ** American Eagle Airlines Inc. a regional feeder airline for AA **Eagle Aviation Services ** Executive Airlines Inc., operating American Eagle's ATR aircraft fleet ***Executive Ground Services, Inc. ***Business Express Airlines, Inc. *Avion Assurance Ltd. *PMA Investment Subsidiary, Inc. *SC Investment, Inc. Holding company for less than 0.5% interest in Aerolíneas Argentinas * AMR had a 20% share of defunct Aeroperlas

Fleet

;AMR Corporation fleet

operates 605 aircraft as of April 2012 with an additional 451 on order. The new planes will consist of 260 A320neo from Airbus and 200 Boeing 737s over the next five years. It will also take options and purchase rights for up to 465 additional planes through 2025. American Eagle Airlines, AMR's regional subsidiary operates 284 aircraft including 39 which are operated by Executive Airlines, another subsidiary of AMR Corporation. ;Non-AMR Corporation fleet Fifteen aircraft are operated by

Chautauqua Airlines Chautauqua Airlines, Inc. was an American regional airline and a subsidiary of Republic Airways Holdings based in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States. Prior to the shut down of operations, it operated scheduled passenger services to 52 airports ...

under the American Connection brand. Chautauqua is not owned by AMR but operates aircraft for American Eagle.

Aviation business subsidiaries and divisions

* American Airlines Cargo * American Airlines C.R. Smith Museum, a museum of commercial aviation in Fort Worth *American Airlines Facilities *American Airlines Travel Academy, a school for travel industry professionals *

(operator

is independent of AMR) *American Airlines Flight Academy, a flying school *Flagship University, a corporate conference and training center in Fort Worth.

American Airlines Foundation

AMR sponsors the AMR/American Airlines Foundation, a grant-making foundation which supports charitable causes in cities served by AA, in particular the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex,

Chicago, Illinois (''City in a Garden''); I Will , image_map = , map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name ...

Miami, Florida Miami ( ), officially the City of Miami, known as "the 305", "The Magic City", and "Gateway to the Americas", is a coastal metropolis and the county seat of Miami-Dade County in South Florida, United States. With a population of 442,241 at ...

Saint Louis, Missouri St. Louis () is the second-largest city in Missouri, United States. It sits near the confluence of the Mississippi and the Missouri Rivers. In 2020, the city proper had a population of 301,578, while the bi-state metropolitan area, which ...

, and

San Juan, Puerto Rico San Juan (, , ; Spanish for "Saint John") is the capital city and most populous municipality in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, an unincorporated territory of the United States. As of the 2020 census, it is the 57th-largest city under the ...

Property

AMR Corporation owns a five-story townhouse, London Residence LON6526, in Cottesmore Gardens,

Kensington Kensington is a district in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in the West of Central London. The district's commercial heart is Kensington High Street, running on an east–west axis. The north-east is taken up by Kensington Garden ...

London London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...

. As of 2011, it is worth $30 million U.S. dollars. Many large companies own or rent property for use of executives who are working abroad. When AMR Corporation requested Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection, LON6526 was one of the eight owned properties the company declared.Jones, Rhys and Chris Wickham.
American Airlines' $30 mln London town house
" ''

Reuters Reuters ( ) is a news agency owned by Thomson Reuters Corporation. It employs around 2,500 journalists and 600 photojournalists in about 200 locations worldwide. Reuters is one of the largest news agencies in the world. The agency was est ...

''. Wednesday December 14, 2011. Retrieved December 14, 2011. The airline purchased the complex in 1992 for £6.3 million British pounds (US$9.8 million). Nina Campbell, an interior designer, had renovated the property. An AMR spokesperson said that AMR may sell the townhouse.Shlachter, Barry, Scott Nishimura, and Sandra Baker.
Shlachter & Co.: Execs of bankrupt AMR Corp. enjoy swanky London digs
" ''

Fort Worth Star-Telegram The ''Fort Worth Star-Telegram'' is an American daily newspaper serving Fort Worth and Tarrant County, the western half of the North Texas area known as the Metroplex. It is owned by The McClatchy Company. History In May 1905, Amon G. Carte ...

''. Wednesday December 14, 2011. Richard Tilton, a lawyer with specialization in bankruptcy and the director of Sheldon Good & Co., compared the property to the "corporate jets that the executives at GM and Chrysler were forced to give up", and predicted that such "symbols of corporate suite excess" were unlikely to survive the Chapter 11 reorganization.

AMR Corporation's former certificated airline holding acquisitions

* Air Cal * Command Airways * Metroflight * Reno Air *

Simmons Airlines Simmons Airlines was a United States airline. It was the predecessor to American Eagle Airlines. Its headquarters were originally near Marquette, Michigan, at the Marquette County Airport in Negaunee Township, and were eventually moved to the ...

* TWA Airlines LLC * Wings West Airlines

References

External links

AMR Corporation Company Profile
at

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American Airlines/AMR Corp. Home Page

AMR Corporation
(archive) {{Airline holding companies of the United States Airline holding companies of the United States American Airlines Group American Airlines Companies based in Fort Worth, Texas Holding companies established in 1982 Holding companies disestablished in 2013 Companies formerly listed on the New York Stock Exchange Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2011 Former components in the Dow Jones Transportation Average 1982 establishments in Texas 2013 disestablishments in Texas American companies established in 1982 American companies disestablished in 2013