''Ascanio in Alba'',
K. 111, is a
pastoral
The pastoral genre of literature, art, or music depicts an idealised form of the shepherd's lifestyle – herding livestock around open areas of land according to the seasons and the changing availability of water and pasture. The target au ...
opera
Opera is a form of History of theatre#European theatre, Western theatre in which music is a fundamental component and dramatic roles are taken by Singing, singers. Such a "work" (the literal translation of the Italian word "opera") is typically ...
in two parts (') by
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (27 January 1756 – 5 December 1791) was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical period (music), Classical period. Despite his short life, his rapid pace of composition and proficiency from an early age ...
to an Italian
libretto
A libretto (From the Italian word , ) is the text used in, or intended for, an extended musical work such as an opera, operetta, masque, oratorio, cantata or Musical theatre, musical. The term ''libretto'' is also sometimes used to refer to th ...
by
Giuseppe Parini. It was commissioned by the Empress
Maria Theresa
Maria Theresa (Maria Theresia Walburga Amalia Christina; 13 May 1717 – 29 November 1780) was the ruler of the Habsburg monarchy from 1740 until her death in 1780, and the only woman to hold the position suo jure, in her own right. She was the ...
for the wedding of her son,
Archduke Ferdinand Karl, to
Maria Beatrice d'Este on 15 October 1771.
Performance history
It was first performed at the
Teatro Regio Ducale in Milan on 17 October 1771.
It was performed in October 2006 on the 250th anniversary of Mozart's birth at
La Scala
La Scala (, , ; officially , ) is a historic opera house in Milan, Milan, Italy. The theatre was inaugurated on 3 August 1778 and was originally known as (, which previously was Santa Maria della Scala, Milan, a church). The premiere performa ...
, Milan, under the baton of
Giovanni Antonini. The ballet which linked the two acts was twice performed by the orchestra of the
Handel and Haydn Society in Boston in 2006.
Roles
Synopsis
:Place: the site of the future city of
Alba Longa
Alba Longa (occasionally written Albalonga in Italian sources) was an ancient Latins (Italic tribe), Latin city in Central Italy in the vicinity of Lake Albano in the Alban Hills. The ancient Romans believed it to be the founder and head of the ...
, near Rome
:Time: mythical times.
Part 1
The opening scene introduces
Venus
Venus is the second planet from the Sun. It is often called Earth's "twin" or "sister" planet for having almost the same size and mass, and the closest orbit to Earth's. While both are rocky planets, Venus has an atmosphere much thicker ...
and Ascanio, the son she had by
Aeneas
In Greco-Roman mythology, Aeneas ( , ; from ) was a Troy, Trojan hero, the son of the Trojan prince Anchises and the Greek goddess Aphrodite (equivalent to the Roman Venus (mythology), Venus). His father was a first cousin of King Priam of Troy ...
. (In most classical sources, Venus/Aphrodite is the mother of ''Aeneas''.) The goddess vaunts the charms of Alba and invites her son to go and rule there. She urges him not to reveal his identity to Silvia, a nymph to whom he is betrothed, but to introduce himself to her under a false identity to test her virtue. While shepherds summon their promised ruler, Fauno reveals that the smiling face of Aceste, a priest, is a sign that the day will be a day of supreme happiness. Obeying the goddess, Ascanio pretends to be a foreigner attracted by the beauties of the place. Aceste tells the shepherds that their valley will be the site of a fine city and that they will have a sovereign, Ascanio, before the day is out. He also informs Silvia that she will be Ascanio's bride, but she replies that she is in love with a young man she has seen in a dream. The priest reassures her, saying the young man in her dream can be none other than Ascanio. Venus then appears to Ascanio and asks him to test the girl a little longer before revealing his true identity.
Part 2
Ascanio spots Silvia among the shepherds and tries to talk to her. The girl immediately recognizes the young man from her dreams. Fauno intervenes and suggests to “the foreigner” (Ascanio) that he should go off and announce the building
of Alba in foreign parts. Thus convinced that the foreigner is not Ascanio, Silvia is deeply saddened. She finally decides to accept her fate but declares she never will love anyone else than Ascanio.
Aceste consoles Silvia, saying that her tribulations are about to come to an end. Venus is invoked by a magnificent chorus. Silvia and Ascanio add their voices to the chorus and the goddess descends on her chariot surrounded by clouds. Venus unites the two lovers and explains how she had intended her son to discover the virtue of his fiancée. Aceste pronounces an oath of fidelity and loyalty to Venus, who then retires. It only remains for Ascanio to perpetuate the race of Aeneas and guide the city of Alba to prosperity.
List of numbers
*Overture
*No.1 Ballet: Andante grazioso
*No.2 Coro di geni e grazie: Di te più amabile, ne Dea maggiore
*Recitativo Venere: geni, grazie, ed Amori, fermate il piè
*No.3 Aria Venere: L'ombra de' rami tuoi
*Recitativo Ascanio & Venere: Ma la ninfa gentil
*No.4 Coro di geni e grazie: Di te più amabile, nè Dea maggiore
*Rectativo accompagnato Ascanio: Perchè tacer degg'io?
*No.5 Aria Ascanio: Cara, lontano ancora
*No.6 Coro di pastori: Venga, de' sommi Eroi
*Recitativo Ascanio & Fauno: Ma qual canto risona?
*No.7 Coro di pastori: Venga, de' sommi Eroi
*Recitativo Fauno & Ascanio: Ma tu, chi sei, che ignoto qui t'aggiri fra noi?
*No.8 Aria Fauno: Se il labbro più non dice
*Recitativo Ascanio & Fauno: Quanto soavi al core de la tua stirpe
*No.9 Coro di pastori e pastorelle: Hai di Diana il core
*Recitativo Aceste: Oh, generosa Diva
*No.10 Coro di pastori: Venga, de' sommi Eroi
*Recitativo Aceste: Di propria man la Dea a voi la donera
*No.11 Coro di pastori: Venga, de' sommi Eroi
*Recitativo Aceste: Oh mia gloria, oh mia cura
*No.12 Aria Aceste: Per la gioia in questo seno
*Recitativo Silvia & Aceste: Misera! Che farò
*No.13 Cavatina Silvia: Si, si, ma d'un altro amore
*Recitativo Aceste & Silvia: Ah no, Silvia t'inganni
*No.14 Aria Silvia: Come è felice stato
*Recitativo Aceste: Silvia, mira, che il sole omai s'avanza
*No.15 Coro di pastori: Venga, de' sommi Eroi
*Recitativo Ascanio & Venere: Cielo! Che vidi mai?
*No.16 Aria Ascani: Ah di sì nobil alma
*Recitativo Venere & Ascanio: Un'altra prova a te mirar conviene
*No.17 Aria Venere: Al chiaror di que' bei rai
*No.18 Coro di geni e grazie: Di te più amabile, nè Dea maggiore
*Recitativo Silvia: Star lontana non so
*No.19 Aria Silvia: Spiega il desio
*No.20 Coro di pastorelle: Già l'ore sen volano
*Recitativo Ascanio: Cerco di loco in loco
*Recitativo Silvia & Ascanio: Oh ciel! che miro?
*Recitativo Silvia, Ascanio & Fauno: Silvia, ove sei?
*No.21 Aria Fauno: Dal tuo gentil sembiante
*Recitativo Ascanio & Silvia: Ahimè! Che veggio mai?
*No.22 Aria Ascanio: Al mio ben mi veggio avanti
*Recitativo accompagnato Silvia: Ferma, aspetta, ove vai?
*No.23 Aria Silvia: Infelici affetti miei
*Recitativo Ascanio & Silvia: Anima grande
*No.24 Coro di pastorelle: Che strano evento
*Recitativo Ascanio: Ahi la crudel
*No.25 Aria Ascanio: Torna mio bene, ascolta
*No.26 Coro di pastori: Venga, de' sommi Eroi
*Recitativo Aceste: Che strana meraviglia
*No.27 Aria Aceste : Sento, che il cor mi dice
*Recitativo Silvia: Si, Padre, alfin mi taccia
*No.28 Coro di pastori e ninfe e pastorelle: Scendi, celeste Venere
*Recitativo Silvia, Aceste & Ascanio: Ma s'allontani almen
*No.29 Coro di pastori e pastorelle: No, non possiamo vivere
*Recitativo Aceste: Ecco ingombran l'altare
*No.30 Coro: Scendi, celeste Venere
*Recitativo Aceste, Silvia, Ascanio, Venere: Invoca, o figlia
*No.31 Terzetto Silvia, Ascanio, Aceste: Ah caro sposo, oh Dio!
*Recitativo Venere: Eccovi al fin di vostre pene
*No.32 Piccola parte del terzetto precedente Silvia, Ascanio, Aceste: Che bel piacer io sento
*Recitativo Silvia, Ascanio, Aceste, Venere: Ah chi nodi più forti
*No.33 Coro ultimo di geni, grazie, pastori e ninfe: Alma Dea, tutto il mondo governa
Recordings
* 1959:
Ilva Ligabue (Venere), (Ascanio),
Emilia Cundari (Silvia),
Petre Munteanu (Aceste),
Eugenia Ratti (Fauno) – Coro e Orchestra dell'Angelicum di Milano,
Carlo Felice Cillario (Cantus Classics)
* 1976:
Mozarteum
Mozarteum University Salzburg ( German: ''Universität Mozarteum Salzburg'') is one of three affiliated but separate (it is actually a state university) entities under the "Mozarteum" name in Salzburg municipality; the International Mozarteu ...
,
Salzburg
Salzburg is the List of cities and towns in Austria, fourth-largest city in Austria. In 2020 its population was 156,852. The city lies on the Salzach, Salzach River, near the border with Germany and at the foot of the Austrian Alps, Alps moun ...
;
Lilian Sukis (Venere),
Agnes Baltsa (Ascanio),
Edith Mathis
Edith Mathis (; 11 February 19389 February 2025) was a Swiss soprano known for her roles in List of operas by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Mozart's operas. Early in her career, Cherubino in ''Le nozze di Figaro'' was her signature role that she perf ...
(Silvia),
Peter Schreier (Aceste),
Arleen Auger (Fauno) – Salzburger Kammerchor, ,
Mozarteum-Orchester Salzburg,
Leopold Hager (CD,
['']The Complete Mozart Edition
''The Complete Mozart Edition '' is a 180-CD collection released in 1990–91 featuring all works by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (known at the set's publication) assembled by Philips Classics Records to commemorate the bicentenary of the death of Moz ...
'', Vol. 30, 1991 ( Philips Classics Records). 1991)
* 1990: Lorna Windsor (Venere),
Michael Chance (Ascanio),
Jill Feldman (Silvia),
Howard Milner (Aceste),
Rosa Mannion (Fauno) – Chœur de l'Université de Paris-Sorbonne, ,
Jacques Grimbert (
Naxos
Naxos (; , ) is a Greek island belonging to the Cyclades island group. It is the largest island in the group. It was an important centre during the Bronze Age Cycladic Culture and in the Ancient Greek Archaic Period. The island is famous as ...
)
* 2002: (Venere), Maaike Beekman (Ascanio), Nicola Wemyss (Silvia), Tom Allen (Aceste),
Claron McFadden (Fauno) – Vocaal Ensemble Coqu, , (
Brilliant Classics)
References
Notes
Citations
External links
*
*
Work details, libretto opera-guide.ch (in German/Italian)
Analysis, synopsis Naxos Records
Naxos comprises numerous companies, divisions, imprints, and labels specializing in classical music but also audiobooks and other genres. The premier label is Naxos Records, which focuses on classical music. Naxos Musical Group encompasses about ...
LibrettoHistorical background and review by Jan-Willem Besuijen Mozart Forum
Discussion of the article above Mozart Forum
{{authority control
Operas by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Italian-language operas
Pastoral operas
1771 operas
Operas
Operas based on classical mythology
Commissioned music
Wedding music