Argonautoidea is a
superfamily
SUPERFAMILY is a database and search platform of structural and functional annotation for all proteins and genomes. It classifies amino acid sequences into known structural domains, especially into SCOP superfamilies. Domains are functional, str ...
of the
suborder
Order () is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized ...
Incirrata
Incirrata (or Incirrina) is a suborder of the order Octopoda. The suborder contains the classic " benthic octopuses," as well as many pelagic octopus families, including the paper nautiluses. The incirrate octopuses are distinguished from the ...
containing all known argonautoids.
Classification
*Class
Cephalopoda
A cephalopod is any member of the molluscan class Cephalopoda ( Greek plural , ; "head-feet") such as a squid, octopus, cuttlefish, or nautilus. These exclusively marine animals are characterized by bilateral body symmetry, a prominent head, ...
**Subclass
Nautiloidea
Nautiloids are a group of cephalopods (Mollusca) which originated in the Late Cambrian and are represented today by the living ''Nautilus'' and ''Allonautilus''. Fossil nautiloids are diverse and species rich, with over 2,500 recorded species. Th ...
: nautiluses
**Subclass †
Ammonoidea
Ammonoids are extinct, (typically) coiled-shelled cephalopods comprising the subclass Ammonoidea. They are more closely related to living octopuses, squid, and cuttlefish (which comprise the clade Coleoidea) than they are to nautiluses (family N ...
: ammonites
**Subclass
Coleoidea
Coleoidea
or Dibranchiata is one of the two subclasses of cephalopod molluscs containing all the various taxa popularly thought of as "soft-bodied" or "shell-less" (i.e. octopus, squid and cuttlefish). Unlike its extant sister group Nauti ...
***Superorder
Decapodiformes
Decapodiformes is a superorder of Cephalopoda comprising all cephalopod species with ten limbs, specifically eight short arms and two long tentacles. It is hypothesized that the ancestral coleoid had five identical pairs of limbs, and that one ...
:
squid
A squid (: squid) is a mollusc with an elongated soft body, large eyes, eight cephalopod limb, arms, and two tentacles in the orders Myopsida, Oegopsida, and Bathyteuthida (though many other molluscs within the broader Neocoleoidea are also ...
,
cuttlefish
Cuttlefish, or cuttles, are Marine (ocean), marine Mollusca, molluscs of the order (biology), suborder Sepiina. They belong to the class (biology), class Cephalopoda which also includes squid, octopuses, and nautiluses. Cuttlefish have a unique ...
***Superorder
Octopodiformes
Octopodiformes is a superorder of the subclass Coleoidea, comprising the octopuses and the vampire squid. All living members of Octopodiformes have eight arms, either lacking the two tentacles of squid (as is the case in octopuses) or modifying ...
****Family †
Trachyteuthididae (''incertae sedis
or is a term used for a taxonomy (biology), taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertainty ...
'')
****Order
Vampyromorphida
Vampyromorphida is an order of cephalopods comprising one known extant species ('' Vampyroteuthis infernalis'') and many extinct taxa. Physically, they somewhat resemble octopuses (their closest relatives), but are often called vampire squid
...
: vampire squid
****Order
Octopoda
*****Genus †''
Keuppia''
(''incertae sedis
or is a term used for a taxonomy (biology), taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertainty ...
'')
*****Genus †''
Palaeoctopus
''Palaeoctopus'' is an extinct genus of octopuses that lived during the Late Cretaceous. It contains one valid species, ''P. newboldi'', which has been found in Lebanon.
Taxonomy
''Calais newboldi'' was named by Henry B. Woodward in 1896 for ...
''
(''incertae sedis
or is a term used for a taxonomy (biology), taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertainty ...
'')
*****Genus †''
Paleocirroteuthis''
(''incertae sedis
or is a term used for a taxonomy (biology), taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertainty ...
'')
*****Genus †''
Proteroctopus''
(''incertae sedis
or is a term used for a taxonomy (biology), taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertainty ...
'')
*****Genus †''
Styletoctopus''
(''incertae sedis
or is a term used for a taxonomy (biology), taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertainty ...
'')
*****Suborder
Cirrina
Cirrina or Cirrata is a suborder and one of the two main divisions of octopuses. Cirrate octopuses have a small, internal shell and two fins on their head, while their sister suborder Incirrina has neither. The fins of cirrate octopods are ass ...
: finned deep-sea octopuses
*****Suborder
Incirrata
Incirrata (or Incirrina) is a suborder of the order Octopoda. The suborder contains the classic " benthic octopuses," as well as many pelagic octopus families, including the paper nautiluses. The incirrate octopuses are distinguished from the ...
******Superfamily Argonautoidea
*******Family
Alloposidae: the seven-arm octopus
*******Family
Argonautidae
The Argonautidae are a family of pelagic cephalopods that inhabit tropical and temperate oceans of the world. The family encompasses the modern paper nautiluses of the genus '' Argonauta'' along with several extinct genera of shelled octopo ...
: argonauts (paper nautiluses)
*******Family
Ocythoidae
''Ocythoe tuberculata'', also known as the tuberculate pelagic octopus or football octopus, is a pelagic octopus. It is the only known species in the family Ocythoidae.
''Ocythoe tuberculata'' is found in warm and temperate seas, especially ...
: the tuberculate pelagic octopus
*******Family
Tremoctopodidae: blanket octopuses
******Superfamily
Octopodoidea
Octopodoidea is a Family (biology), superfamily of the Order (biology), suborder Incirrata containing all extant octopods except for the Cirrina, cirrate octopodes, Argonaut (animal), argonauts (Seven-arm octopus, Alloposidae, Argonautidae, ...
Image gallery of families
File:Haliphron atlanticus (70 mm ML).jpg, A young female ''Haliphron atlanticus
The seven-arm octopus (''Haliphron atlanticus''), also known as the blob octopus or sometimes called septopus, is one of the two largest known species of octopus; the largest specimen ever discovered had an estimated total length of and mass o ...
'' (Family Alloposidae)
File:Papierboot Argonauta 200705181139.jpg, Female ''Argonauta argo
''Argonauta argo'', also known as the greater argonaut, is a species of pelagic octopus belonging to the genus ''Argonaut (animal), Argonauta''. The Chinese name for this species translates as "white sea-horse's nest".
''A. argo'' was the first ...
'' with damaged egg case and eggs (Family Argonautidae
The Argonautidae are a family of pelagic cephalopods that inhabit tropical and temperate oceans of the world. The family encompasses the modern paper nautiluses of the genus '' Argonauta'' along with several extinct genera of shelled octopo ...
)
File:Ocythoe tuberculata (Merculiano).jpg, '' Ocythoe tuberculata'' (Family Ocythoidae
''Ocythoe tuberculata'', also known as the tuberculate pelagic octopus or football octopus, is a pelagic octopus. It is the only known species in the family Ocythoidae.
''Ocythoe tuberculata'' is found in warm and temperate seas, especially ...
)
File:Tremoctopus violaceus Merculiano.jpg, '' Tremoctopus violaceus'' (Family Tremoctopodidae)
References
Octopuses
{{Octopus-stub