An antipsychotic ester is an
ester
In chemistry, an ester is a compound derived from an acid (either organic or inorganic) in which the hydrogen atom (H) of at least one acidic hydroxyl group () of that acid is replaced by an organyl group (R). These compounds contain a distin ...
of an
antipsychotic
Antipsychotics, previously known as neuroleptics and major tranquilizers, are a class of Psychiatric medication, psychotropic medication primarily used to manage psychosis (including delusions, hallucinations, paranoia or disordered thought), p ...
.
They are used clinically as
prodrug
A prodrug is a pharmacologically inactive medication or compound that, after intake, is metabolized (i.e., converted within the body) into a pharmacologically active drug. Instead of administering a drug directly, a corresponding prodrug can be ...
s to increase
fat solubility
Lipophilicity (from Greek λίπος "fat" and φίλος "friendly") is the ability of a chemical compound to dissolve in fats, oils, lipids, and non-polar solvents such as hexane or toluene. Such compounds are called lipophilic (translated as ...
and thereby prolong
duration when antipsychotics are used as
depot injectables.
List of clinically used antipsychotic esters
Typical antipsychotics
*
Bromperidol decanoate
*
Clopentixol decanoate
*
Flupentixol decanoate
*
Fluphenazine decanoate
*
Fluphenazine enanthate
*
Haloperidol decanoate
Haloperidol decanoate, sold under the brand name Haldol Decanoate among others, is a typical antipsychotic which is used in the treatment of schizophrenia. It is administered by injection into muscle at a dose of 100 to 200 mg once every 4& ...
*
Oxyprothepin decanoate
*
Perphenazine decanoate
*
Perphenazine enanthate
*
Pipotiazine palmitate
*
Pipotiazine undecylenate
*
Zuclopentixol acetate
*
Zuclopentixol decanoate
Zuclopenthixol (brand names Cisordinol, Clopixol and others), also known as zuclopentixol, is a medication used to treat schizophrenia and other psychoses. It is classed, pharmacologically, as a typical antipsychotic. Chemically it is a thioxanth ...
Atypical antipsychotics
*
Aripiprazole lauroxil
Aripiprazole lauroxil, sold under the brand name Aristada among others, is a long-acting injectable atypical antipsychotic that was developed by Alkermes. It is an N-acyloxymethyl prodrug of aripiprazole that is administered via intramuscular ...
*
Paliperidone palmitate
Paliperidone, sold under the brand name Invega among others, is an atypical antipsychotic. It is used for the treatment of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. It is marketed by Janssen Pharmaceuticals.
Paliperidone was approved by the ...
Pharmacology
References
{{Antipsychotics