An Introduction To Non-Classical Logic
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''An Introduction to Non-Classical Logic'' is a 2001
mathematics Mathematics is a field of study that discovers and organizes methods, Mathematical theory, theories and theorems that are developed and Mathematical proof, proved for the needs of empirical sciences and mathematics itself. There are many ar ...
textbook by
philosopher Philosophy ('love of wisdom' in Ancient Greek) is a systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning topics like existence, reason, knowledge, Value (ethics and social sciences), value, mind, and language. It is a rational an ...
and logician
Graham Priest Graham Priest (born 1948) is a philosopher and logician who is distinguished professor of philosophy at the CUNY Graduate Center, as well as a regular visitor at the University of Melbourne, where he was Boyce Gibson Professor of Philosophy an ...
, published by
Cambridge University Press Cambridge University Press was the university press of the University of Cambridge. Granted a letters patent by King Henry VIII in 1534, it was the oldest university press in the world. Cambridge University Press merged with Cambridge Assessme ...
. The book provides a systematic introduction to non-classical propositional logics, which are logical systems that differ from standard classical
propositional logic The propositional calculus is a branch of logic. It is also called propositional logic, statement logic, sentential calculus, sentential logic, or sometimes zeroth-order logic. Sometimes, it is called ''first-order'' propositional logic to contra ...
. It covers a wide range of topics including
modal logic Modal logic is a kind of logic used to represent statements about Modality (natural language), necessity and possibility. In philosophy and related fields it is used as a tool for understanding concepts such as knowledge, obligation, and causality ...
,
intuitionistic logic Intuitionistic logic, sometimes more generally called constructive logic, refers to systems of symbolic logic that differ from the systems used for classical logic by more closely mirroring the notion of constructive proof. In particular, systems ...
,
many-valued logic Many-valued logic (also multi- or multiple-valued logic) is a propositional calculus in which there are more than two truth values. Traditionally, in Aristotle's Term logic, logical calculus, there were only two possible values (i.e., "true" and ...
, relevant logic, and
fuzzy logic Fuzzy logic is a form of many-valued logic in which the truth value of variables may be any real number between 0 and 1. It is employed to handle the concept of partial truth, where the truth value may range between completely true and completely ...
.


Editions

The book has been published in two editions by
Cambridge University Press Cambridge University Press was the university press of the University of Cambridge. Granted a letters patent by King Henry VIII in 1534, it was the oldest university press in the world. Cambridge University Press merged with Cambridge Assessme ...
. The first edition, published in 2001, was titled simply ''An Introduction to Non-Classical Logic''. In 2008, Priest published a substantially expanded and revised second edition under the title ''An Introduction to Non-Classical Logic: From If to Is''. The second edition more than doubled the length of the original text, expanding from 242 to 613 pages. This expansion reflected both revisions to existing content, such as the chapter on fuzzy logic which had been critiqued in reviews of the first edition, as well as the addition of new material not covered in the first edition.


Contents

The first edition of the book covers many different
propositional logic The propositional calculus is a branch of logic. It is also called propositional logic, statement logic, sentential calculus, sentential logic, or sometimes zeroth-order logic. Sometimes, it is called ''first-order'' propositional logic to contra ...
s, including
classical logic Classical logic (or standard logic) or Frege–Russell logic is the intensively studied and most widely used class of deductive logic. Classical logic has had much influence on analytic philosophy. Characteristics Each logical system in this c ...
. The subtitle ''From If to Is'' was added because the second edition also deals with predicate calculi. The second edition is organized into two main parts; Propositional Logic, and Quantification and Identity.


Reception

''An Introduction to Non-Classical Logic'' was designed for multiple audiences. According to American professor of philosophy Stewart Shapiro, the book is accessible to readers with a first or second
undergraduate Undergraduate education is education conducted after secondary education and before postgraduate education, usually in a college or university. It typically includes all postsecondary programs up to the level of a bachelor's degree. For example, ...
course in
symbolic logic Logic is the study of correct reasoning. It includes both formal and informal logic. Formal logic is the study of deductively valid inferences or logical truths. It examines how conclusions follow from premises based on the structure o ...
, though its optional
metatheory A metatheory or meta-theory is a theory on a subject matter that is a theory in itself. Analyses or descriptions of an existing theory would be considered meta-theories. For mathematics and mathematical logic, a metatheory is a mathematical theo ...
sections require graduate-level knowledge. Czech professor of mathematics and philosophy
Petr Hájek Petr Hájek (; 6 February 1940 – 26 December 2016) was a Czech scientist in the area of mathematical logic and a professor of mathematics. Born in Prague, he worked at the Institute of Computer Science at the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Rep ...
noted that while Priest included a brief "mathematical prolegomenon" covering set-theoretic notation and
proof by induction Mathematical induction is a method for proving that a statement P(n) is true for every natural number n, that is, that the infinitely many cases P(0), P(1), P(2), P(3), \dots  all hold. This is done by first proving a simple case, then ...
, advanced material on metatheory would still require graduate-level coursework. The book received positive reviews from academic philosophers. In ''The Review of Metaphysics: A Philosophical Quarterly'', Shapiro praised it as "a very good" introduction, noting that it filled an important gap given the "extensive interest in nonclassical logics" and the typical focus on classical logic in university courses. He commended Priest's "lively and entertaining style when presenting technical material" and the book's balance between overview and technical detail, concluding that it well-served both "casual and diligent" readers. In ''The Bulletin of Symbolic Logic'', Hájek described it as "a very valuable source in many directions" despite some criticisms of its treatment of fuzzy logic. He noted that Priest acknowledged the book's limitations, quoting the author's preface: "If one waited for perfection one would wait forever." Following discussion with Hájek, Priest indicated plans to revise the fuzzy logic chapter in a future edition. According to J. Mackenzie, the first edition of the book "deserves to become the standard textbook in its field", which he reiterated for the second edition. Reviewers particularly noted the book's utility as either a supplement to standard logic textbooks or as a primary text for courses on non-classical logic. However, some limitations were identified, including its restriction to propositional logic and relatively brief treatment of some philosophical issues underlying different logical systems. Shapiro encouraged Priest to write a companion volume covering quantification in non-classical logics.


References


Further reading

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External links

*
An Introduction to Non-Classical Logic: From If to Is
' at
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Errata
{{DEFAULTSORT:Introduction to Non-Classical Logic, An 2001 non-fiction books 2008 non-fiction books Cambridge University Press books English-language non-fiction books Philosophy textbooks Mathematics textbooks