Ancient ubiquitous protein 1 is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residue (biochemistry), residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including Enzyme catalysis, catalysing metab ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''AUP1''
gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...
.
Function
This gene encodes a protein that contains a domain with homology to the ancient conserved region of the
archain
Archain is a human protein that is encoded by gene which is located on chromosome 11.
Also known as ARCN1, it plays a role in eukaryotic cell biology.
It is part of the COPI coatomer
The coatomer is a protein complex that coats membrane-boun ...
1 gene and a domain that may be involved in binding
ubiquitin
Ubiquitin is a small (8.6 kDa) regulatory protein found in most tissues of eukaryotic organisms, i.e., it is found ''ubiquitously''. It was discovered in 1975 by Gideon Goldstein and further characterized throughout the late 1970s and 19 ...
-conjugating enzymes. The protein encoded by this gene has been shown to bind to the conserved membrane-proximal sequence of the cytoplasmic tail of integrin alpha (IIb) subunits. These subunits play a crucial role in the integrin alpha (IIb) beta (3) inside-out signalling in
platelet
Platelets or thrombocytes () are a part of blood whose function (along with the coagulation#Coagulation factors, coagulation factors) is to react to bleeding from blood vessel injury by clumping to form a thrombus, blood clot. Platelets have no ...
s and
megakaryocyte
A megakaryocyte () is a large bone marrow cell with a lobation, lobated nucleus that produces blood platelets (thrombocytes), which are necessary for normal blood coagulation, clotting. In humans, megakaryocytes usually account for 1 out of 10,00 ...
s that leads to platelet aggregation and thrombus formation. This gene overlaps the gene for mitochondrial
serine protease
Serine proteases (or serine endopeptidases) are enzymes that cleave peptide bonds in proteins. Serine serves as the nucleophilic amino acid at the (enzyme's) active site.
They are found ubiquitously in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Serin ...
25.
Interactions
AUP1 has been shown to
interact
Advocates for Informed Choice, dba interACT or interACT Advocates for Intersex Youth, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization advocating for the legal and human rights of children with intersex traits. The organization was founded in 2006 and fo ...
with
ITGA2B
Integrin alpha-IIb is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ITGA2B'' gene. ITGA2B, also known as CD41, encodes integrin alpha chain 2b. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. Al ...
.
References
External links
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Further reading
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