AS-102 (also designated SA-7) was the seventh flight of the

Saturn I The Saturn I was a rocket designed as the United States' first medium lift launch vehicle for up to low Earth orbit Payload (air and space craft), payloads.Terminology has changed since the 1960s; back then, 20,000 pounds was considered "heavy l ...

launch vehicle, which carried the boilerplate

Apollo spacecraft The Apollo spacecraft was composed of three parts designed to accomplish the American Apollo program's goal of landing astronauts on the Moon by the end of the 1960s and returning them safely to Earth. The expendable (single-use) spacecraft ...

BP-15 into

low Earth orbit A low Earth orbit (LEO) is an geocentric orbit, orbit around Earth with a orbital period, period of 128 minutes or less (making at least 11.25 orbits per day) and an orbital eccentricity, eccentricity less than 0.25. Most of the artificial object ...

.NSSDC: ''SA-7''
/ref> The test took place on September 18, 1964, lasting for five orbits (about seven and a half hours). The spacecraft and its upper stage completed 59 orbits before reentering the atmosphere and crashing in the Indian Ocean on September 22, 1964.

Objectives

AS-102 was designed to repeat the flight of AS-101. It would once again carry a boilerplate Apollo

command and service module The Apollo command and service module (CSM) was one of two principal components of the United States Apollo spacecraft, used for the Apollo program, which landed astronauts on the Moon between 1969 and 1972. The CSM functioned as a mother ship ...

. The only difference from Boilerplate 13 carried on AS-101 was that on Boilerplate 15, one of the simulated reaction control system thruster quads (attitude control thrusters) was instrumented to record launch temperatures and vibrations. Another major difference on AS-102 was that the

launch escape system A launch escape system (LES) or launch abort system (LAS) is a crew-safety system connected to a space capsule. It is used in the event of a critical emergency to quickly separate the capsule from its launch vehicle in case of an emergency requiri ...

(LES) tower would be jettisoned using the launch escape and pitch control motors. AS-102 was the first time a Saturn rocket carried the ST-124 programmable guidance computer. Previous launches had used an onboard "black box" that was preprogrammed. On AS-102 it would be possible to reprogram the computer during flight so that any anomalous behavior could potentially be corrected. Apollo sa-7

Flight

In early July, a small crack in engine number six was found. This meant removing the engine, the first time that the ground crew had to do this with a Saturn rocket. It was then decided to return all eight engines to the manufacturer, which meant a job that would take about ten hours because of the large number of tubes, hoses and wires that connected each engine to the rocket. The replacement delayed the launch by about two weeks, followed by another delay of several days because of Hurricanes

Cleo Cleo may refer to: Entertainment and media Film and TV * ''Cleo'' (2019 Belgian film), a drama * ''Cleo'' (2019 German film), a drama * '' Snowtime!'', released as ''Cleo'' in the United Kingdom, a 2015 Canadian animated film * ''Cleo'' (TV ser ...

and Dora. Launch was on 18 September from

Cape Kennedy Cape Canaveral () is a cape in Brevard County, Florida, in the United States, near the center of the state's Atlantic coast. Officially Cape Kennedy from 1963 to 1973, it lies east of Merritt Island, separated from it by the Banana River. It i ...

, Florida just before noon local time. The first stage burned for 147.7 seconds, with separation 0.8 seconds later. The second stage ignited 1.7 seconds later, and the

LES LES or Les may refer to: People * Les (given name) * Les (surname) * L.E.S. (producer), hip hop producer Space flight * Launch Entry Suit, worn by Space Shuttle crews * Launch escape system, for spacecraft emergencies * Lincoln Experimental ...

jettisoned at 160.2 seconds after launch. It burned until +621.1 seconds with the stage and boilerplate in a 212.66 by 226.50 km orbit. The flight met all its objectives. The spacecraft continued to transmit telemetry for five orbits and was tracked until re-entry on its 59th orbit over the

Indian Ocean The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or approximately 20% of the water area of Earth#Surface, Earth's surface. It is bounded by Asia to the north, Africa to the west and Australia (continent), ...

. The only anomalous event on the flight was the failure to recover the eight film-camera pods. They had landed downrange of the expected area, where

Hurricane Gladys The name Gladys has been used for four tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean. * Hurricane Gladys (1955) * Hurricane Gladys (1964) * Hurricane Gladys (1968) – hit Cuba, Florida and Nova Scotia. * Hurricane Gladys (1975) The name Gladys has been ...

forestalled a continued search. However, two of the pods did wash ashore two months later. The pods were covered with

barnacle Barnacles are arthropods of the subclass (taxonomy), subclass Cirripedia in the subphylum Crustacean, Crustacea. They are related to crabs and lobsters, with similar Nauplius (larva), nauplius larvae. Barnacles are exclusively marine invertebra ...

s, but the film inside was undamaged.

References

External links

The Apollo Spacecraft: A Chronology

NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive
*http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/history/apollo/sa-7/sa-7.html

{{Use American English, date=January 2014 Apollo program Spacecraft launched in 1964 Spacecraft which reentered in 1964 Test spaceflights Spacecraft launched by Saturn rockets Saturn I