cryptography Cryptography, or cryptology (from "hidden, secret"; and ''graphein'', "to write", or ''-logy, -logia'', "study", respectively), is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of Adversary (cryptography), ...

, ARIA is a

block cipher In cryptography, a block cipher is a deterministic algorithm that operates on fixed-length groups of bits, called ''blocks''. Block ciphers are the elementary building blocks of many cryptographic protocols. They are ubiquitous in the storage a ...

designed in 2003 by a large group of

South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the southern half of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and borders North Korea along the Korean Demilitarized Zone, with the Yellow Sea to the west and t ...

n researchers. In 2004, the

Korean Agency for Technology and Standards Korean Agency for Technology and Standards (KATS) is the government standards organization for South Korea. It is part of the Ministry of Knowledge Economy. It is authorized to regulate and manage the Korean units, legal measures of South Korea b ...

selected it as a standard cryptographic technique. The algorithm uses a

substitution–permutation network In cryptography, an SP-network, or substitution–permutation network (SPN), is a series of linked mathematical operations used in block cipher algorithms such as AES (Rijndael), 3-Way, Kalyna, Kuznyechik, PRESENT, SAFER, SHARK, and Square. ...

structure based on AES. The interface is the same as AES: 128-bit block size with

key size In cryptography, key size or key length refers to the number of bits in a key used by a cryptographic algorithm (such as a cipher). Key length defines the upper-bound on an algorithm's security (i.e. a logarithmic measure of the fastest known a ...

of 128, 192, or 256 bits. The number of rounds is 12, 14, or 16, depending on the key size. ARIA uses two 8×8-bit

S-boxes In cryptography, an S-box (substitution-box) is a basic component of symmetric key algorithms which performs substitution. In block ciphers, they are typically used to obscure the relationship between the key and the ciphertext, thus ensuring Sha ...

and their inverses in alternate rounds; one of these is the

Rijndael S-box The Rijndael S-box is a substitution box (lookup table) used in the Rijndael cipher, on which the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) cryptographic algorithm is based. Forward S-box The S-box maps an 8-bit input, , to an 8-bit output, . Both th ...

. The

key schedule In cryptography, the so-called product ciphers are a certain kind of cipher, where the (de-)ciphering of data is typically done as an iteration of '' rounds''. The setup for each round is generally the same, except for round-specific fixed va ...

processes the key using a 3-round 256-bit

Feistel cipher In cryptography, a Feistel cipher (also known as Luby–Rackoff block cipher) is a symmetric structure used in the construction of block ciphers, named after the German-born physicist and cryptographer Horst Feistel, who did pioneering resear ...

, with the binary expansion of 1/ as a source of "

nothing up my sleeve number In cryptography, nothing-up-my-sleeve numbers are any numbers which, by their construction, are above suspicion of hidden properties. They are used in creating cryptographic functions such as hashes and ciphers. These algorithms often need random ...

s".

Implementations

The reference source code of ARIA cipher implemented in C, C++, and Java can be downloaded from KISA's cryptography use activation webpage.

Standardization

KATS Kats or KATS may refer to: * KATS, a radio station (94.5 FM) licensed to Yakima, Washington, USA * Kats, Netherlands, a town in the Dutch province of Zeeland * The Kats, a 1970s American band * Korean Agency for Technology and Standards * Kats, ...

** KS X 1213:2004 *

IETF The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is a standards organization for the Internet standard, Internet and is responsible for the technical standards that make up the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP). It has no formal membership roster ...

** Algorithm *** : A Description of the ARIA Encryption Algorithm **

TLS/SSL Transport Layer Security (TLS) is a cryptographic protocol designed to provide communications security over a computer network, such as the Internet. The protocol is widely used in applications such as email, instant messaging, and voice over IP, b ...

*** : Addition of the ARIA Cipher Suites to Transport Layer Security (TLS) ** SRTP *** : The ARIA Algorithm and Its Use with the Secure Real-Time Transport Protocol (SRTP)

Security

* * *

References

External links

ARIA home

Lazarus/Delphi port of ARIA
{{Cryptography navbox , block Block ciphers Standards of South Korea