AMR Corporation was an

airline An airline is a company that provides civil aviation, air transport services for traveling passengers or freight (cargo). Airlines use aircraft to supply these services and may form partnerships or Airline alliance, alliances with other airlines ...

holding company A holding company is a company whose primary business is holding a controlling interest in the Security (finance), securities of other companies. A holding company usually does not produce goods or services itself. Its purpose is to own Share ...

based in

Fort Worth Fort Worth is a city in the U.S. state of Texas and the county seat of Tarrant County, Texas, Tarrant County, covering nearly into Denton County, Texas, Denton, Johnson County, Texas, Johnson, Parker County, Texas, Parker, and Wise County, Te ...

Texas Texas ( , ; or ) is the most populous U.S. state, state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. It borders Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the we ...

, which was the parent company of

American Airlines American Airlines, Inc. is a major airlines of the United States, major airline in the United States headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas, within the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, and is the Largest airlines in the world, largest airline in the ...

American Eagle Airlines Envoy Air Inc. is an American regional airline headquartered in Irving, Texas, in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of the American Airlines Group and it is paid by fellow group member American Airlines to st ...

AmericanConnection AmericanConnection was an American flight connection service brand name for the spoke-hub of U.S. mainline carrier American Airlines, under which regional airline operator Chautauqua Airlines operated feeder flights for American Airlines at ...

and

Executive Airlines Executive Airlines, Inc. was a Puerto Rican-based regional airline headquartered at Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport in Carolina, Puerto Rico, the main airport for the United States territory, near the capital of San Juan. The airline w ...

. AMR filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in November 2011. The company emerged from bankruptcy on December 9, 2013, and at the same time announced that it would merge with

US Airways Group US Airways Group Inc. was an airline holding company based in Tempe, Arizona. US Airways Group operated US Airways, along with its subsidiaries PSA Airlines, Inc. and Piedmont Airlines, Inc., which are wholly owned but marketed under the bran ...

to form a new company,

American Airlines Group American Airlines Group Inc. is an American publicly traded airline holding company headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas. It was formed on December 9, 2013, by the merger of AMR Corporation, the parent company of American Airlines, and US Airway ...

History

AMR Corporation was formed in 1982, as part of

' non-bankruptcy reorganization into a

Delaware corporation The Delaware General Corporation Law (sometimes abbreviated DGCL), officially the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (Title 8, Chapter 1 of the Delaware Code), is the statute of the Delaware Code that governs corporate law in the U. ...

, its name derived from American Airlines's former ticker symbol on the

New York Stock Exchange The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE, nicknamed "The Big Board") is an American stock exchange in the Financial District, Manhattan, Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City. It is the List of stock exchanges, largest stock excha ...

. In 1984, various subsidiaries previously owned by American Airlines merged and created AMR Energy Corporation; it was involved in creating oil and natural gas resources. In 1986, AMR announced that it would be acquiring Air California's parent company, ACI Holdings, for $225 million. In 1994, AMR succeeded in achieving profitability, after failing to produce it for three years in a row. Sustained work to reduce its supplier base has been identified as one contributing cause: in 1995, AMR obtained goods and services from 7200 suppliers, but reduced this number by 30% in 1996 and by a further 16% in 1997, achieving cost savings as a result of this consolidation. In 1998, the company announced that it would sell three of its subsidiaries and focus solely on the core airline businesses. AMR purchased

Trans World Airlines Trans World Airlines (TWA) was a major airline in the United States that operated from 1930 until it was acquired by American Airlines in 2001. It was formed as Transcontinental & Western Air to operate a route from New York City to Los Angeles ...

(TWA) in 2001, for $742 million. With the acquisition, American became the largest airline in the world and surpassed

United Airlines United Airlines, Inc. is a Major airlines of the United States, major airline in the United States headquartered in Chicago, Chicago, Illinois that operates an extensive domestic and international route network across the United States and six ...

. On November 29, 2011, AMR Corporation filed for Chapter 11 reorganization bankruptcy with $4 billion of cash. The decision came as the airline tried to "achieve a cost and debt structure that is industry competitive and thereby assure its long-term viability and ability to continue delivering a world-class travel experience for its customers", the company said in a statement. American Airlines stated that despite the filing it was continuing normal operations. Chairman and CEO

Gerard Arpey Gerard J. Arpey (born July 26, 1958) is the former chairman, president, and chief executive officer (CEO) of AMR Corporation, parent company to American Airlines. Early life and education Arpey received a Bachelor of Business Administration deg ...

stepped down and was replaced by company president

Thomas W. Horton Thomas W. Horton (born May 24, 1961) is a partner of Global Infrastructure Partners and is lead director at Walmart Inc. and General Electric Corp. He was chairman, president, and CEO of AMR Corporation until it merged with US Airways Group t ...

. American was the last of the remaining legacy airlines in the US to file for bankruptcy, and thus there are no remaining legacy carriers that have not taken advantage of Chapter 11. The

Air Transport Association Airlines for America (A4A), formerly known as Air Transport Association of America (ATA), is an American trade association and lobbying group based in Washington, D.C. that has represented major North American airlines since 1936. The A4A ...

group said that unofficial research states that AMR was the 100th airline company to go into bankruptcy protection since 1990. On December 2, 2011, AMR Corporation was replaced by

Alaska Air Group Alaska Air Group, Inc. is an American airline holding company based in SeaTac, Washington, United States. The group owns two mainline carriers, Alaska Airlines and Hawaiian Airlines, along with a regional airline, Horizon Air. Alaska Airlines ...

in the

Dow Jones Transportation Average The Dow Jones Transportation Average, (DJTA, also called the "Dow Jones Transports"), index ticker symbol DJT is a U.S. stock market index from S&P Dow Jones Indices of the transportation sector, and is the most widely recognized gauge of the ...

. In February 2012 the company announced that in order to cut operating costs and boost revenue, it would eliminate 13,000 jobs, which amounted to 18 percent (including 15 percent management positions) of American Airline's 73,800 employees. This was projected to cut 20 percent—$2 billion—of operating costs and raise revenue by $1 billion. Since 2001, accumulative losses of the company were $11 billion. On February 1, 2012, Horton announced that they would be cutting 13,000 jobs and restructuring pension benefits, after losing $884 million in the first nine months of 2011 and $904 million in December 2011 alone.

Merger with US Airways

In January 2012,

expressed interest to take over American Airlines, followed by the AMR CEO stating, in March, that American was open to a merger with US Airways. US Airways told some American Airlines creditors that merging the two carriers could yield more than $1.5 billion a year in added revenue and cost savings. On 20 April 2012, American Airlines' three unions said they supported a proposed merger between American and US Airways. In July 2012, American announced capacity cuts due to the grounding of several aircraft associated with its bankruptcy and lack of pilots due to retirements. American's regional airline, American Eagle, stated it would retire 35 to 40 regional jets as well as its Saab turboprop fleet. As of September 2012, American's unions were looking to merge with another airline. Reports were the possible merger partners AMR was looking at were,

US Airways US Airways was a major airline in the United States. It was originally founded in History of aviation in Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh as a mail delivery airline called All American Aviation, which soon became a commercial passenger airline. In 1953, it ...

JetBlue JetBlue Airways Corporation, stylized as jetBlue, is an American major airline headquartered in Long Island City, in Queens, New York City. Primarily a point-to-point carrier, JetBlue's network features six focus cities including its main hub ...

Alaska Airlines Alaska Airlines is a major American airline headquartered in SeaTac, Washington, within the Seattle metropolitan area. It is the fifth-largest airline in North America when measured by scheduled passengers carried, as of 2024. Alaska, togethe ...

Frontier A frontier is a political and geographical term referring to areas near or beyond a boundary. Australia The term "frontier" was frequently used in colonial Australia in the meaning of country that borders the unknown or uncivilised, th ...

and

Virgin America Virgin America Inc. was a low-cost airline headquartered in the San Francisco Bay Area city of Burlingame, California. It primarily focused on operating low-fare, higher-quality service between cities on the West Coast of the United States a ...

. Indeed, in a July 12 court filing US Airways said it supported an American Airlines request to extend a period during which only American could file a bankruptcy reorganization plan ("exclusivity period"); in the filing US Airways disclosed that it was an American Airlines creditor and "prospective merger partner. On August 31, 2012, US Airways CEO Doug Parker announced that American Airlines and US Airways had signed a nondisclosure agreement, in which the airlines would discuss their financials and a possible merger." On February 14, 2013, AMR and US Airways Group officially announced that the two companies would merge to form the largest airline in the world. In the deal, which closed in the third quarter of 2013, bondholders of AMR would own 72% of the new company and US Airways shareholders would own the remaining 28%. The combined airline would carry the American Airlines name and branding, while the US Airways' management team, including CEO Doug Parker, would retain most operational management positions. Headquarters for the new airline was consolidated at American's current headquarters in

Fort Worth, Texas Fort Worth is a city in the U.S. state of Texas and the county seat of Tarrant County, Texas, Tarrant County, covering nearly into Denton County, Texas, Denton, Johnson County, Texas, Johnson, Parker County, Texas, Parker, and Wise County, Te ...

. AMR president and CEO

was replaced as CEO by the current CEO of US Airways,

Doug Parker William Douglas Parker (b. October 31, 1961) is an American businessman who is the chairman of American Airlines Group, the parent company of American Airlines. Parker previously served as chief executive officer of the airline from 2001 to 20 ...

. Horton remained as chairman of the merged business, while US Airways president Scott Kirby became president of the merged company.

Subsidiaries and divisions

* American Airlines Inc ** Admirals Club, Inc. **American Airlines de Mexico, S.A. **American Airlines de Venezuela, S.A. **American Airlines Marketing Services LLC **American Airlines Realty (NYC) Holdings, Inc. ** American Airlines Vacations LLC **American Aviation Supply LLC **Packcall Limited **AA Real Estate Holding GP LLC **AA Real Estate Holding L.P. **TransWorld Airlines (TWA, LLC) **Reno Air, Inc. **American Airlines IP Licensing Holding, LLC **Texas Aero Engine Services, L.L.C, dba TAESL * *Americas Ground Services, Inc. **Aerodespachos de Colombia, SA (AERCOL SA) **Caribbean Dispatch Services, Ltd. **American Airlines, Division de Servicios Aeroportuarios (R.D.), S.A. (DSA) **International Ground Services, S.A. de C.V. (IGS) *AMR Eagle Holding Corporation ** American Eagle Airlines Inc. a regional feeder airline for AA **Eagle Aviation Services ** Executive Airlines Inc., operating American Eagle's ATR aircraft fleet ***Executive Ground Services, Inc. ***Business Express Airlines, Inc. *Avion Assurance Ltd. *PMA Investment Subsidiary, Inc. *SC Investment, Inc. Holding company for less than 0.5% interest in

Aerolíneas Argentinas Aerolíneas Argentinas, formally ''Aerolíneas Argentinas S.A.'', is the state-owned flag carrier of Argentina and the country's largest airline. The airline was created in 1949, from the merger of Aeroposta Argentina (AA), Aviación del Lito ...

* AMR had a 20% share of defunct

Aeroperlas Aeroperlas (acronym for ''Aerolíneas Islas de Las Perlas'') was a regional airline based in Panama City, Panama. It was the third largest airline in the country, surpassed only by Air Panama and Copa Airlines. From its hub at Marcos A. Gelabert ...

Fleet

;AMR Corporation fleet

operates 605 aircraft as of April 2012 with an additional 451 on order. The new planes will consist of 260 A320neo from Airbus and 200 Boeing 737s over the next five years. It will also take options and purchase rights for up to 465 additional planes through 2025.

, AMR's regional subsidiary operates 284 aircraft including 39 which are operated by

, another subsidiary of AMR Corporation. ;Non-AMR Corporation fleet Fifteen aircraft are operated by

Chautauqua Airlines Chautauqua Airlines, Inc. was a regional airline in the United States and a subsidiary of Republic Airways Holdings based in Indianapolis, Indiana. Prior to the shut down of operations, it operated scheduled passenger services to 52 airports in ...

under the American Connection brand. Chautauqua is not owned by AMR but operates aircraft for American Eagle.

Aviation business subsidiaries and divisions

* American Airlines Cargo * American Airlines C.R. Smith Museum, a museum of commercial aviation in Fort Worth *American Airlines Facilities *American Airlines Travel Academy, a school for travel industry professionals *

(operator

is independent of AMR) *American Airlines Flight Academy, a flying school *Flagship University, a corporate conference and training center in Fort Worth.

American Airlines Foundation

AMR sponsors the AMR/American Airlines Foundation, a grant-making foundation which supports charitable causes in cities served by AA, in particular the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex,

Chicago, Illinois Chicago is the List of municipalities in Illinois, most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and in the Midwestern United States. With a population of 2,746,388, as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it is the List of Unite ...

Miami, Florida Miami is a East Coast of the United States, coastal city in the U.S. state of Florida and the county seat of Miami-Dade County, Florida, Miami-Dade County in South Florida. It is the core of the Miami metropolitan area, which, with a populat ...

Saint Louis, Missouri St. Louis ( , sometimes referred to as St. Louis City, Saint Louis or STL) is an independent city in the U.S. state of Missouri. It lies near the confluence of the Mississippi and the Missouri rivers. In 2020, the city proper had a populatio ...

, and

San Juan, Puerto Rico San Juan ( , ; Spanish for "Saint John the Baptist, John") is the capital city and most populous Municipalities of Puerto Rico, municipality in the Commonwealth (U.S. insular area), Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, an unincorporated territory of the ...

Property

AMR Corporation owns a five-story townhouse, London Residence LON6526, in Cottesmore Gardens,

Kensington Kensington is an area of London in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, around west of Central London. The district's commercial heart is Kensington High Street, running on an east–west axis. The north-east is taken up by Kensingt ...

London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...

. As of 2011, it is worth $30 million U.S. dollars. Many large companies own or rent property for use of executives who are working abroad. When AMR Corporation requested Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection, LON6526 was one of the eight owned properties the company declared.Jones, Rhys and Chris Wickham.
American Airlines' $30 mln London town house
" ''

Reuters Reuters ( ) is a news agency owned by Thomson Reuters. It employs around 2,500 journalists and 600 photojournalists in about 200 locations worldwide writing in 16 languages. Reuters is one of the largest news agencies in the world. The agency ...

''. Wednesday December 14, 2011. Retrieved December 14, 2011. The airline purchased the complex in 1992 for £6.3 million British pounds (US$9.8 million). Nina Campbell, an interior designer, had renovated the property. An AMR spokesperson said that AMR may sell the townhouse.Shlachter, Barry, Scott Nishimura, and Sandra Baker.
Shlachter & Co.: Execs of bankrupt AMR Corp. enjoy swanky London digs
" ''

Fort Worth Star-Telegram The ''Fort Worth Star-Telegram'' is an American daily newspaper serving Fort Worth and Tarrant County, the western half of the North Texas area known as the Metroplex. It is owned by The McClatchy Company. History In May 1905, Amon G. Car ...

''. Wednesday December 14, 2011. Richard Tilton, a lawyer with specialization in bankruptcy and the director of Sheldon Good & Co., compared the property to the "corporate jets that the executives at GM and Chrysler were forced to give up", and predicted that such "symbols of corporate suite excess" were unlikely to survive the Chapter 11 reorganization.

AMR Corporation's former certificated airline holding acquisitions

* Air Cal *

Command Airways Command Airways was a United States regional airline based at the Dutchess County Airport in Wappinger, New York, just outside Poughkeepsie, which was operational from 1966 to 1988. History The airline was founded by Kingsley G. Morse (1931& ...

* Metroflight * Reno Air * Simmons Airlines * TWA Airlines LLC *

Wings West Airlines Wings West Airlines was an American regional airline headquartered at McChesney Field (SBP), unincorporated area, unincorporated San Luis Obispo County, California. The airline initially began scheduled passenger service as an independent commute ...

References

External links

AMR Corporation Company Profile
at

Yahoo! Finance Yahoo Finance is a media property that is part of the Yahoo network. It provides financial news, data and commentary including stock quotes, press releases, financial reports, and original content. It also offers online tools for personal fin ...

American Airlines/AMR Corp. Home Page

AMR Corporation
(archive) {{Airline holding companies of the United States Airline holding companies of the United States American Airlines Group American Airlines Companies based in Fort Worth, Texas Holding companies established in 1982 Holding companies disestablished in 2013 Companies formerly listed on the New York Stock Exchange Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2011 Former components in the Dow Jones Transportation Average 1982 establishments in Texas 2013 disestablishments in Texas American companies established in 1982 American companies disestablished in 2013