The 99th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the

United States Senate The United States Senate is a chamber of the Bicameralism, bicameral United States Congress; it is the upper house, with the United States House of Representatives, U.S. House of Representatives being the lower house. Together, the Senate and ...

and the

United States House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives is a chamber of the Bicameralism, bicameral United States Congress; it is the lower house, with the U.S. Senate being the upper house. Together, the House and Senate have the authority under Artic ...

. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1985, to January 3, 1987, during the fifth and sixth years of Ronald Reagan's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the

House of Representatives House of Representatives is the name of legislative bodies in many countries and sub-national entities. In many countries, the House of Representatives is the lower house of a bicameral legislature, with the corresponding upper house often ...

was based on the 1980 United States census. The Republicans maintained control of the Senate, while the Democrats maintained control of the House of Representatives – albeit with both majorities slightly reduced from the 98th Congress. This is the most recent Congress to feature a Republican senator from Maryland, Charles Mathias, who retired at the end of the Congress. This is also the most recent Congress in which no Democratic women Senators served and the most recent Congress in which more Republican women Senators served than Democratic women Senators. This was the most recent session of Congress prior to the 116th to feature a Republican Senate/Democratic House split and had a third-party House member.

Major events

*January 20, 1985:

Ronald Reagan Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was an American politician and actor who served as the 40th president of the United States from 1981 to 1989. He was a member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party a ...

was privately sworn in for a second term as president (publicly sworn in, January 21). *January 28, 1986: Space Shuttle ''Challenger'' disaster: Destruction of the shuttle and death of the crew shortly after lift-off. *April 15, 1986: Operation El Dorado Canyon: At least 15 people die after United States planes bomb targets in the Libyan capital, Tripoli, and the Benghazi region. *June 2, 1986: First regular television broadcast of Senate proceedings on

C-SPAN Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network (C-SPAN ) is an American Cable television in the United States, cable and Satellite television in the United States, satellite television network, created in 1979 by the cable television industry as a Non ...

2. *October 21, 1986: The

Marshall Islands The Marshall Islands, officially the Republic of the Marshall Islands, is an island country west of the International Date Line and north of the equator in the Micronesia region of the Northwestern Pacific Ocean. The territory consists of 29 c ...

achieved independence from U.S.-administered UN Trusteeship and became an

associated state An associated state is the minor partner or dependent territory in a formal, free relationship between a political territory (some of them dependent states, most of them fully sovereign) and a major party—usually a larger state. The details ...

under the Compact of Free Association. *November 3, 1986: The

Federated States of Micronesia The Federated States of Micronesia (, abbreviated FSM), or simply Micronesia, is an island country in Micronesia, a region of Oceania. The federation encompasses the majority of the Caroline Islands (excluding Palau) and consists of four Admin ...

achieved independence from U.S.-administered UN Trusteeship and became an

under the Compact of Free Association. *November 3, 1986: Iran–Contra affair: The Lebanese magazine '' Ash-Shiraa'' reported that the United States has been selling weapons to Iran in secret to secure the release of American hostages held by pro-Iranian groups in Lebanon. * November 4, 1986: 1986 United States elections; Congressional Democrats regained (+8) their Senate majority (55-45), and slightly increased (+5) their House majority (258-177).

Major legislation

* December 12, 1985: Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 ( Gramm–Rudman–Hollings Balanced Budget Act) (title II) * December 17, 1985: Gold Bullion Coin Act of 1985, * April 7, 1986: Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985 (COBRA) (including Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act) * May 19, 1986: Firearm Owners Protection Act, * August 28, 1986: Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act, , * October 1, 1986: Goldwater–Nichols Act (Defense Reorganization), * October 2, 1986: Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act, * October 17, 1986:

Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act The Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986 is a United States federal law passed by the 99th United States Congress located at Title 42, Chapter 116 of the U.S. Code, concerned with emergency response preparedness. On Octobe ...

, (title III) * October 21, 1986: Electronic Communications Privacy Act, * October 21, 1986: Stored Communications Act, , * October 22, 1986:

Tax Reform Act of 1986 The Tax Reform Act of 1986 (TRA) was passed by the 99th United States Congress and signed into law by President Ronald Reagan on October 22, 1986. The Tax Reform Act of 1986 was the top domestic priority of President Reagan's second term. The ...

, * October 27, 1986: Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986, * October 27, 1986: Money Laundering Control Act, , * October 31, 1986: Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1986, * November 6, 1986: Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 (Simpson-Mazzoli Act), , * November 10, 1986:

Emergency Wetlands Resources Act The Emergency Wetlands Resources Act of 1986 became a United States federal law (P.L.) 99-645 (100 Stat. 3582) on November 10, 1986. Prior to the Act the purchase of wetlands by the Federal Government had been prohibited. The Act allocated funds ...

, , * November 14, 1986:

National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act (NCVIA) of 1986 (42 U.S.C. §§ 300aa-1 to 300aa-34) was signed into law by United States President Ronald Reagan as part of a larger health bill on November 14, 1986. NCVIA's purpose was to eliminate ...

, * November 17, 1986: Water Resources Development Act of 1986,

Party summary

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate

* President:

George H. W. Bush George Herbert Walker BushBefore the outcome of the 2000 United States presidential election, he was usually referred to simply as "George Bush" but became more commonly known as "George H. W. Bush", "Bush Senior," "Bush 41," and even "Bush th ...

(R) * President pro tempore: Strom Thurmond (R)

Majority (Republican) leadership

* Majority Leader:

Bob Dole Robert Joseph Dole (July 22, 1923 – December 5, 2021) was an American politician and attorney who represented Kansas in the United States Senate from 1969 to 1996. He was the Party leaders of the United States Senate, Republican Leader of th ...

* Majority Whip: Alan Simpson * Republican Conference Chairman: John Chafee * Republican Conference Secretary: Thad Cochran * National Senatorial Committee Chair:

John Heinz Henry John Heinz III (October 23, 1938 – April 4, 1991) was an American businessman and politician who served as a United States Senate, United States senator from Pennsylvania from 1977 until Merion air disaster, his death in 1991. An he ...

* Policy Committee Chairman: William L. Armstrong

Minority (Democratic) leadership

* Minority Leader: Robert Byrd *

Minority Whip A whip is an official of a political party whose task is to ensure party discipline (that members of the party vote according to the party platform rather than their constituents, individual conscience or donors) in a legislature. Whips ...

Alan Cranston Alan MacGregor Cranston (June 19, 1914 – December 31, 2000) was an American politician and journalist who served as a United States Senate, United States Senator from California from 1969 to 1993, and as President of the Citizens for Global S ...

* Democratic Caucus Secretary:

Daniel Inouye Daniel Ken Inouye ( , , September 7, 1924 – December 17, 2012) was an American attorney, soldier, and statesman who served as a United States Senate, United States senator from Hawaii from 1963 until his death in 2012. A Medal of Honor recipi ...

* Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: George J. Mitchell

House of Representatives

* Speaker: Tip O'Neill (D)

Majority (Democratic) leadership

* Majority Leader: Jim Wright * Majority Whip: Tom Foley * Chief Deputy Majority Whip: William Vollie Alexander Jr. * Democratic Caucus Chairman:

Dick Gephardt Richard Andrew Gephardt (; born January 31, 1941) is an American attorney, lobbyist, and politician who represented in the United States House of Representatives from 1977 to 2005. A member of the Democratic Party, he was House majority lead ...

* Democratic Caucus Secretary: Mary Rose Oakar * Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Tony Coelho

Minority (Republican) leadership

* Minority Leader: Robert H. Michel *

Trent Lott Chester Trent Lott Sr. (born October 9, 1941) is an American lobbyist, lawyer, author, and politician who represented Mississippi in the United States House of Representatives from 1973 to 1989 and in the United States Senate from 1989 to 2007. ...

* Chief Deputy Whip:

Tom Loeffler Thomas Gilbert Loeffler (born August 1, 1946) is an American politician and Republican former member of the United States House of Representatives from central Texas. He served four terms from 1979 to 1987. Biography Loeffler was born in Fred ...

* Republican Conference Chairman:

Jack Kemp Jack French Kemp (July 13, 1935 – May 2, 2009) was an American politician, professional Gridiron football, football player, and U.S. Army veteran. A member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party from New York, he served a ...

* Republican Conference Vice-Chairman: Lynn Morley Martin * Republican Conference Secretary: Robert J. Lagomarsino * Policy Committee Chairman:

Dick Cheney Richard Bruce Cheney ( ; born January 30, 1941) is an American former politician and businessman who served as the 46th vice president of the United States from 2001 to 2009 under President George W. Bush. He has been called vice presidency o ...

* Republican Campaign Committee Chairman:

Guy Vander Jagt Guy Adrian Vander Jagt ( ; August 26, 1931 – June 22, 2007) was a Republican politician from Michigan. He was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives and Chairman of the National Republican Congressional Committee. Vander Jagt was desc ...

Caucuses

* Congressional Arts Caucus * Congressional Automotive Caucus * Congressional Black Caucus * Congressional Friends of Ireland Caucus * Congressional Hispanic Caucus * Congressional Pediatric & Adult Hydrocephalus Caucus * Congressional Travel & Tourism Caucus * Congresswomen's Caucus * House Democratic Caucus * Senate Democratic Caucus

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.

Senate

Senators are popularly elected statewide every six years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress, In this Congress, Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1986; Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1988; and Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1990.

Alabama Alabama ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South, Deep Southern regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gu ...

: 2. Howell Heflin (D) : 3. Jeremiah Denton (R)

Alaska Alaska ( ) is a non-contiguous U.S. state on the northwest extremity of North America. Part of the Western United States region, it is one of the two non-contiguous U.S. states, alongside Hawaii. Alaska is also considered to be the north ...

: 2.

Ted Stevens Theodore Fulton Stevens Sr. (November 18, 1923 – August 9, 2010) was an American politician and lawyer who served as a United States Senate, U.S. Senator from Alaska from 1968 to 2009. He was the longest-serving Republican Party (United St ...

(R) : 3. Frank Murkowski (R)

Arizona Arizona is a U.S. state, state in the Southwestern United States, Southwestern region of the United States, sharing the Four Corners region of the western United States with Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah. It also borders Nevada to the nort ...

: 1. Dennis DeConcini (D) : 3.

Barry Goldwater Barry Morris Goldwater (January 2, 1909 – May 29, 1998) was an American politician and major general in the United States Air Force, Air Force Reserve who served as a United States senator from 1953 to 1965 and 1969 to 1987, and was the Re ...

(R)

Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the West South Central region of the Southern United States. It borders Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, Texas to the southwest, and Oklahoma ...

: 2. David Pryor (D) : 3. Dale Bumpers (D)

California California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an ...

: 1. Pete Wilson (R) : 3.

(D)

Colorado Colorado is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States. It is one of the Mountain states, sharing the Four Corners region with Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah. It is also bordered by Wyoming to the north, Nebraska to the northeast, Kansas ...

: 2. William L. Armstrong (R) : 3. Gary Hart (D)

Connecticut Connecticut ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York (state), New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the south. ...

: 1. Lowell Weicker (R) : 3. Chris Dodd (D)

Delaware Delaware ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic and South Atlantic states, South Atlantic regions of the United States. It borders Maryland to its south and west, Pennsylvania to its north, New Jersey ...

: 1. William Roth (R) : 2.

Joe Biden Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. (born November 20, 1942) is an American politician who was the 46th president of the United States from 2021 to 2025. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he served as the 47th vice p ...

(D)

Florida Florida ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders the Gulf of Mexico to the west, Alabama to the northwest, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the north, the Atlantic ...

: 1. Lawton Chiles (D) : 3. Paula Hawkins (R)

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the South Caucasus * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the southeastern United States Georgia may also refer to: People and fictional characters * Georgia (name), a list of pe ...

: 2. Sam Nunn (D) : 3. Mack Mattingly (R)

Hawaii Hawaii ( ; ) is an island U.S. state, state of the United States, in the Pacific Ocean about southwest of the U.S. mainland. One of the two Non-contiguous United States, non-contiguous U.S. states (along with Alaska), it is the only sta ...

: 1. Spark Matsunaga (D) : 3.

(D)

Idaho Idaho ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest and Mountain states, Mountain West subregions of the Western United States. It borders Montana and Wyoming to the east, Nevada and Utah to the south, and Washington (state), ...

: 2. James A. McClure (R) : 3. Steve Symms (R)

Illinois Illinois ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. It borders on Lake Michigan to its northeast, the Mississippi River to its west, and the Wabash River, Wabash and Ohio River, Ohio rivers to its ...

: 2.

Paul Simon Paul Frederic Simon (born October 13, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter known for his solo work and his collaborations with Art Garfunkel. He and Garfunkel, whom he met in elementary school in 1953, came to prominence in the 1960s as Sim ...

(D) : 3. Alan J. Dixon (D)

Indiana Indiana ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Michigan to the northwest, Michigan to the north and northeast, Ohio to the east, the Ohio River and Kentucky to the s ...

: 1. Richard Lugar (R) : 3.

Dan Quayle James Danforth Quayle (; born February 4, 1947) is an American retired politician who served as the 44th vice president of the United States from 1989 to 1993 under President George H. W. Bush. A member of the Republican Party (United States), ...

(R)

Iowa Iowa ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the upper Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders the Mississippi River to the east and the Missouri River and Big Sioux River to the west; Wisconsin to the northeast, Ill ...

: 2. Tom Harkin (D) : 3.

Chuck Grassley Charles Ernest Grassley (born September 17, 1933) is an American politician serving as the president pro tempore of the United States Senate since 2025, a role he also held from 2019 to 2021. A member of the Republican Party (United States), Re ...

(R)

Kansas Kansas ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Nebraska to the north; Missouri to the east; Oklahoma to the south; and Colorado to the west. Kansas is named a ...

: 2. Nancy Kassebaum (R) : 3.

(R)

Kentucky Kentucky (, ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north, West Virginia to the ...

: 2. Mitch McConnell (R) : 3. Wendell Ford (D)

Louisiana Louisiana ( ; ; ) is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It borders Texas to the west, Arkansas to the north, and Mississippi to the east. Of the 50 U.S. states, it ranks 31st in area and 25 ...

: 2. J. Bennett Johnston (D) : 3. Russell B. Long (D)

Maine Maine ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the United States, and the northeasternmost state in the Contiguous United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Provinces and ...

: 1. George J. Mitchell (D) : 2. William Cohen (R)

Maryland Maryland ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It borders the states of Virginia to its south, West Virginia to its west, Pennsylvania to its north, and Delaware to its east ...

: 1.

Paul Sarbanes Paul Spyros Sarbanes (; February 3, 1933 – December 6, 2020) was an American politician and attorney from Maryland. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he served in both chambers of the United States Congr ...

(D) : 3. Charles Mathias (R)

Massachusetts Massachusetts ( ; ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Maine to its east, Connecticut and Rhode ...

: 1. Ted Kennedy (D) : 2.

John Kerry John Forbes Kerry (born December 11, 1943) is an American attorney, politician, and diplomat who served as the 68th United States secretary of state from 2013 to 2017 in the Presidency of Barack Obama#Administration, administration of Barac ...

(D)

Michigan Michigan ( ) is a peninsular U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest, Upper Midwestern United States. It shares water and land boundaries with Minnesota to the northwest, Wisconsin to the west, ...

: 1. Donald Riegle (D) : 2.

Carl Levin Carl Milton Levin (June 28, 1934 – July 29, 2021) was an American attorney and politician who served as a List of United States senators from Michigan, United States senator from Michigan from 1979 to 2015. A member of the Democratic Party (U ...

(D)

Minnesota Minnesota ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Upper Midwestern region of the United States. It is bordered by the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Ontario to the north and east and by the U.S. states of Wisconsin to the east, Iowa to the so ...

: 1. David Durenberger (I-R) : 2. Rudy Boschwitz (I-R)

Mississippi Mississippi ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Alabama to the east, the Gulf of Mexico to the south, Louisiana to the s ...

: 1. John C. Stennis (D) : 2. Thad Cochran (R)

Missouri Missouri (''see #Etymology and pronunciation, pronunciation'') is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking List of U.S. states and territories by area, 21st in land area, it border ...

: 1.

John Danforth John Claggett Danforth (born September 5, 1936) is an American politician, attorney, diplomat, and Episcopal priest who served as the Attorney General of Missouri from 1969 to 1976 and as a United States Senator from 1976 to 1995. A member of the ...

(R) : 3. Thomas Eagleton (D)

Montana Montana ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Mountain states, Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It is bordered by Idaho to the west, North Dakota to the east, South Dakota to the southeast, Wyoming to the south, an ...

: 1. John Melcher (D) : 2. Max Baucus (D)

Nebraska Nebraska ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders South Dakota to the north; Iowa to the east and Missouri to the southeast, both across the Missouri River; Ka ...

: 1. Edward Zorinsky (D) : 2. J. James Exon (D)

Nevada Nevada ( ; ) is a landlocked state in the Western United States. It borders Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. Nevada is the seventh-most extensive, th ...

: 1. Chic Hecht (R) : 3. Paul Laxalt (R)

New Hampshire New Hampshire ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec t ...

: 2. Gordon J. Humphrey (R) : 3. Warren Rudman (R)

New Jersey New Jersey is a U.S. state, state located in both the Mid-Atlantic States, Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern United States, Northeastern regions of the United States. Located at the geographic hub of the urban area, heavily urbanized Northeas ...

: 1. Frank Lautenberg (D) : 2.

Bill Bradley William Warren Bradley (born July 28, 1943) is an American politician and former professional basketball player. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he was a United States Senate, United States senator from New ...

(D)

New Mexico New Mexico is a state in the Southwestern United States, Southwestern region of the United States. It is one of the Mountain States of the southern Rocky Mountains, sharing the Four Corners region with Utah, Colorado, and Arizona. It also ...

: 1.

Jeff Bingaman Jesse Francis "Jeff" Bingaman Jr. (born October 3, 1943) is an American retired politician who served as a United States Senate, United States Senator from New Mexico from 1983 to 2013. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic ...

(D) : 2. Pete Domenici (R)

New York

: 1.

Daniel Patrick Moynihan Daniel Patrick Moynihan (; March 16, 1927 – March 26, 2003) was an American politician, diplomat and social scientist. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he represented New York (state), New York in the ...

(D) : 3. Al D'Amato (R)

North Carolina North Carolina ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, South Carolina to the south, Georgia (U.S. stat ...

: 2.

Jesse Helms Jesse Alexander Helms Jr. (October 18, 1921 – July 4, 2008) was an American politician. A leader in the Conservatism in the United States, conservative movement, he served as a senator from North Carolina from 1973 to 2003. As chairman of the ...

(R) : 3. John Porter East (R), until June 29, 1986 :: Jim Broyhill (R), from July 14 to November 4, 1986 :: Terry Sanford (D), from November 5, 1986

North Dakota North Dakota ( ) is a U.S. state in the Upper Midwest, named after the indigenous Dakota people, Dakota and Sioux peoples. It is bordered by the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba to the north and by the U.S. states of Minneso ...

: 1. Quentin Burdick (D-NPL) : 3. Mark Andrews (R)

Ohio Ohio ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Erie to the north, Pennsylvania to the east, West Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Indiana to the ...

: 1. Howard Metzenbaum (D) : 3.

John Glenn John Herschel Glenn Jr. (July 18, 1921 – December 8, 2016) was an American Marine Corps aviator, astronaut, businessman, and politician. He was the third American in space and the first to orbit the Earth, circling it three times in 1 ...

(D)

Oklahoma Oklahoma ( ; Choctaw language, Choctaw: , ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. It borders Texas to the south and west, Kansas to the north, Missouri to the northea ...

: 2.

David Boren David Lyle Boren (April 21, 1941 – February 20, 2025) was an American lawyer and politician from Oklahoma. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he served as the 21st governor of Oklahoma from 1975 to 1979 and thr ...

(D) : 3. Don Nickles (R)

Oregon Oregon ( , ) is a U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is a part of the Western U.S., with the Columbia River delineating much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington (state), Washington, while t ...

: 2. Mark Hatfield (R) : 3.

Bob Packwood Robert William Packwood (born September 11, 1932) is an American retired lawyer and politician from Oregon who served as a member of the United States Senate from 1969 to 1995. He resigned from the U.S. Senate under threat of expulsion, in 1995 ...

(R)

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a U.S. state, state spanning the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern United States, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes region, Great Lakes regions o ...

: 1.

(R) : 3.

Arlen Specter Arlen Specter (February 12, 1930 – October 14, 2012) was an American lawyer, author and politician who served as a United States Senator from Pennsylvania from 1981 to 2011. Specter was a Democrat from 1951 to 1965, then a Republican fr ...

(R)

Rhode Island Rhode Island ( ) is a state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Connecticut to its west; Massachusetts to its north and east; and the Atlantic Ocean to its south via Rhode Island Sound and Block Is ...

: 1. John Chafee (R) : 2. Claiborne Pell (D)

South Carolina South Carolina ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders North Carolina to the north and northeast, the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast, and Georgia (U.S. state), Georg ...

: 2. Strom Thurmond (R) : 3. Fritz Hollings (D)

South Dakota South Dakota (; Sioux language, Sioux: , ) is a U.S. state, state in the West North Central states, North Central region of the United States. It is also part of the Great Plains. South Dakota is named after the Dakota people, Dakota Sioux ...

: 2. Larry Pressler (R) : 3. James Abdnor (R)

Tennessee Tennessee (, ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Kentucky to the north, Virginia to the northeast, North Carolina t ...

: 1. Jim Sasser (D) : 2.

Al Gore Albert Arnold Gore Jr. (born March 31, 1948) is an American former politician, businessman, and environmentalist who served as the 45th vice president of the United States from 1993 to 2001 under President Bill Clinton. He previously served as ...

(D)

Texas Texas ( , ; or ) is the most populous U.S. state, state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. It borders Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the we ...

: 1. Lloyd Bentsen (D) : 2.

Phil Gramm William Philip Gramm (born July 8, 1942) is an American economist and politician who represented Texas in both chambers of United States Congress, Congress. Though he began his political career as a Democratic Party (United States), Democrat, Gr ...

(R)

Utah Utah is a landlocked state in the Mountain states, Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It is one of the Four Corners states, sharing a border with Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico. It also borders Wyoming to the northea ...

: 1. Orrin Hatch (R) : 3.

Jake Garn Edwin Jacob "Jake" Garn (born October 12, 1932) is an American politician from the U.S. state of Utah. A member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party, he served as a member of the United States Senate from 1974 to 1993. Garn ...

(R)

Vermont Vermont () is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, New York (state), New York to the west, and the Provinces and territories of Ca ...

: 1. Robert Stafford (R) : 3.

Patrick Leahy Patrick Joseph Leahy ( ; born March 31, 1940) is an American politician and attorney who represented Vermont in the United States Senate from 1975 to 2023. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he also was the pr ...

(D)

Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States between the East Coast of the United States ...

: 1. Paul Trible (R) : 2. John Warner (R)

Washington

: 1. Daniel J. Evans (R) : 3. Slade Gorton (R)

West Virginia West Virginia is a mountainous U.S. state, state in the Southern United States, Southern and Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.The United States Census Bureau, Census Bureau and the Association of American ...

: 1. Robert Byrd (D) : 2. Jay Rockefeller (D), from January 15, 1985

Wisconsin Wisconsin ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest of the United States. It borders Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake Michigan to the east, Michig ...

: 1.

William Proxmire Edward William Proxmire (November 11, 1915 – December 15, 2005) was an American politician. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he served as a United States Senate, United States Senator from Wisconsin from 1957 ...

(D) : 3. Bob Kasten (R)

Wyoming Wyoming ( ) is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Mountain states, Mountain West subregion of the Western United States, Western United States. It borders Montana to the north and northwest, South Dakota and Nebraska to the east, Idaho t ...

: 1. Malcolm Wallop (R) : 2. Alan Simpson (R) 99th United States Congress Senators

House of Representatives

Alabama Alabama ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern and Deep South, Deep Southern regions of the United States. It borders Tennessee to the north, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gu ...

: . Sonny Callahan (R) : . William Louis Dickinson (R) : . Bill Nichols (D) : . Tom Bevill (D) : . Ronnie Flippo (D) : . Ben Erdreich (D) : . Richard Shelby (D)

Alaska Alaska ( ) is a non-contiguous U.S. state on the northwest extremity of North America. Part of the Western United States region, it is one of the two non-contiguous U.S. states, alongside Hawaii. Alaska is also considered to be the north ...

: .

Don Young Donald Edwin Young (June 9, 1933 – March 18, 2022) was an American politician from Alaska. He is the List of members of the United States Congress by longevity of service, longest-serving Republican Party (United States), Republican in House ...

(R)

Arizona Arizona is a U.S. state, state in the Southwestern United States, Southwestern region of the United States, sharing the Four Corners region of the western United States with Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah. It also borders Nevada to the nort ...

: .

John McCain John Sidney McCain III (August 29, 1936 – August 25, 2018) was an American statesman and United States Navy, naval officer who represented the Arizona, state of Arizona in United States Congress, Congress for over 35 years, first as ...

(R) : . Mo Udall (D) : . Bob Stump (R) : . Eldon Rudd (R) : . Jim Kolbe (R)

Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the West South Central region of the Southern United States. It borders Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, Texas to the southwest, and Oklahoma ...

: . William Vollie Alexander Jr. (D) : . Tommy F. Robinson (D) : . John Paul Hammerschmidt (R) : . Beryl Anthony Jr. (D)

California California () is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States that lies on the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares Mexico–United States border, an ...

: . Douglas H. Bosco (D) : . Eugene A. Chappie (R) : . Bob Matsui (D) : . Vic Fazio (D) : . Sala Burton (D) : .

Barbara Boxer Barbara Sue Boxer (née Levy; born November 11, 1940) is a retired American politician, lobbyist, and former reporter who served in the United States Senate, representing California from 1993 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party (United St ...

(D) : . George Miller (D) : . Ron Dellums (D) : . Pete Stark (D) : . Don Edwards (D) : . Tom Lantos (D) : . Ed Zschau (R) : . Norman Mineta (D) : . Norman D. Shumway (R) : . Tony Coelho (D) : . Leon Panetta (D) : . Chip Pashayan (R) : . Richard H. Lehman (D) : . Robert J. Lagomarsino (R) : . Bill Thomas (R) : . Bobbi Fiedler (R) : . Carlos Moorhead (R) : . Anthony Beilenson (D) : . Henry Waxman (D) : . Edward R. Roybal (D) : . Howard Berman (D) : . Mel Levine (D) : . Julian Dixon (D) : . Augustus Hawkins (D) : . Matthew G. Martínez (D) : . Mervyn Dymally (D) : . Glenn M. Anderson (D) : . David Dreier (R) : . Esteban Edward Torres (D) : .

Jerry Lewis Jerry Lewis (born Joseph Levitch; March 16, 1926 – August 20, 2017) was an American comedian, actor, singer, filmmaker and humanitarian, with a career spanning seven decades in film, stage, television and radio. Famously nicknamed as "Th ...

(R) : . George Brown Jr. (D) : . Al McCandless (R) : . Bob Dornan (R) : . William E. Dannemeyer (R) : . Robert Badham (R) : . Bill Lowery (politician), Bill Lowery (R) : . Dan Lungren (R) : . Ron Packard (R) : . Jim Bates (politician), Jim Bates (D) : . Duncan L. Hunter (R)

List of United States representatives from Colorado, Colorado

: . Pat Schroeder (D) : . Tim Wirth (D) : . Michael L. Strang (R) : . Hank Brown (R) : . Ken Kramer (R) : . Dan Schaefer (R)

List of United States representatives from Connecticut, Connecticut

: . Barbara B. Kennelly (D) : . Sam Gejdenson (D) : . Bruce Morrison (D) : . Stewart McKinney (politician), Stewart McKinney (R) : . John G. Rowland (R) : . Nancy Johnson (R)

List of United States representatives from Delaware, Delaware

: . Tom Carper (D)

List of United States representatives from Florida, Florida

: . Earl Hutto (D) : . Don Fuqua (D) : . Charles E. Bennett (politician), Charles E. Bennett (D) : . Bill Chappell (D) : . Bill McCollum (R) : . Buddy MacKay (D) : . Sam Gibbons (D) : . Bill Young (Florida politician), Bill Young (R) : . Michael Bilirakis (R) : . Andy Ireland (R) : . Bill Nelson (D) : . Tom Lewis (American politician), Tom Lewis (R) : . Connie Mack III (R) : . Dan Mica (D) : . Clay Shaw (politician), Clay Shaw (R) : . Lawrence J. Smith (D) : . William Lehman (Florida politician), William Lehman (D) : . Claude Pepper (D) : . Dante Fascell (D)

List of United States representatives from Georgia, Georgia

: . Lindsay Thomas (politician), Lindsay Thomas (D) : . Charles Floyd Hatcher (D) : . Richard Ray (D) : . Pat Swindall (R) : . Wyche Fowler (D) : . Newt Gingrich (R) : . George Darden (D) : . J. Roy Rowland (D) : . Ed Jenkins (U.S. politician), Ed Jenkins (D) : . Doug Barnard Jr. (D)

List of United States representatives from Hawaii, Hawaii

: . Cecil Heftel (D), until July 11, 1986 :: . Neil Abercrombie (D), from September 20, 1986 : . Daniel Akaka (D)

List of United States representatives from Idaho, Idaho

: . Larry Craig (R) : . Richard H. Stallings (D)

List of United States representatives from Illinois, Illinois

: . Charles Hayes (politician), Charles Hayes (D) : . Gus Savage (D) : . Marty Russo (D) : . George M. O'Brien (R), until July 17, 1986 : . Bill Lipinski (D) : . Henry Hyde (R) : . Cardiss Collins (D) : . Dan Rostenkowski (D) : . Sidney R. Yates (D) : . John Porter (Illinois politician), John Porter (R) : . Frank Annunzio (D) : . Phil Crane (R) : . Harris Fawell (R) : . John E. Grotberg (R), until November 15, 1986 : . Edward Rell Madigan (R) : . Lynn Morley Martin (R) : . Lane Evans (D) : . Robert H. Michel (R) : . Terry L. Bruce (D) : . Dick Durbin (D) : . Melvin Price (D) : . Kenneth J. Gray (D)

List of United States representatives from Indiana, Indiana

: . Pete Visclosky (D) : . Philip Sharp (politician), Philip Sharp (D) : . John P. Hiler (R) : . Dan Coats (R) : . Elwood Hillis (R) : . Dan Burton (R) : . John T. Myers (congressman), John T. Myers (R) : . Frank McCloskey (D), from May 1, 1985 : . Lee H. Hamilton (D) : . Andrew Jacobs Jr. (D)

List of United States representatives from Iowa, Iowa

: . Jim Leach (R) : . Tom Tauke (R) : . T. Cooper Evans (R) : . Neal Smith (politician), Neal Edward Smith (D) : . Jim Ross Lightfoot (R) : . Berkley Bedell (D)

List of United States representatives from Kansas, Kansas

: . Pat Roberts (R) : . Jim Slattery (D) : . Jan Meyers (R) : . Dan Glickman (D) : . Bob Whittaker (R)

List of United States representatives from Kentucky, Kentucky

: . Carroll Hubbard (D) : . William Natcher (D) : . Romano Mazzoli (D) : . Gene Snyder (R) : . Hal Rogers (R) : . Larry J. Hopkins (R) : . Chris Perkins (politician), Chris Perkins (D)

List of United States representatives from Louisiana, Louisiana

: . Bob Livingston (R) : . Lindy Boggs (D) : . Billy Tauzin (D) : . Buddy Roemer (D) : . Jerry Huckaby (D) : . Henson Moore (R) : . John Breaux (D) : . Gillis William Long (D), until January 20, 1985 :: Catherine Small Long (D), from March 30, 1985

List of United States representatives from Maine, Maine

: . John R. McKernan Jr. (R) : . Olympia Snowe (R)

List of United States representatives from Maryland, Maryland

: . Roy Dyson (D) : . Helen Delich Bentley (R) : . Barbara Mikulski (D) : . Marjorie Holt (R) : . Steny Hoyer (D) : . Beverly Byron (D) : . Parren Mitchell (D) : . Michael D. Barnes (D)

List of United States representatives from Massachusetts, Massachusetts

: . Silvio O. Conte (R) : . Edward Boland (D) : . Joseph D. Early (D) : . Barney Frank (D) : . Chester G. Atkins (D) : . Nicholas Mavroules (D) : . Ed Markey (D) : . Tip O'Neill (D) : . Joe Moakley (D) : . Gerry Studds (D) : . Brian J. Donnelly (D)

List of United States representatives from Michigan, Michigan

: . John Conyers (D) : . Carl Pursell (R) : . Howard Wolpe (D) : . Mark D. Siljander (R) : . Paul B. Henry (R) : . Milton Robert Carr (D) : . Dale Kildee (D) : . Bob Traxler, J. Bob Traxler (D) : .

(R) : . Bill Schuette (R) : . Robert William Davis (R) : . David Bonior (D) : . George Crockett Jr. (D) : . Dennis Hertel (D) : . William D. Ford (D) : . John Dingell, John D. Dingell Jr. (D) : . Sander Levin (D) : . William Broomfield (R)

List of United States representatives from Minnesota, Minnesota

: . Tim Penny (DFL) : . Vin Weber (I-R) : . Bill Frenzel (I-R) : . Bruce Vento (DFL) : . Martin Olav Sabo (DFL) : . Gerry Sikorski (DFL) : . Arlan Stangeland (I-R) : . Jim Oberstar (DFL)

List of United States representatives from Mississippi, Mississippi

: . Jamie Whitten (D) : . Webb Franklin (R) : . Sonny Montgomery (D) : . Wayne Dowdy (D) : .

(R)

List of United States representatives from Missouri, Missouri

: . Bill Clay (D) : . Robert A. Young (D) : .

(D) : . Ike Skelton (D) : . Alan Wheat (D) : . Tom Coleman (Missouri politician), Tom Coleman (R) : . Gene Taylor (Missouri politician), Gene Taylor (R) : . Bill Emerson (R) : . Harold Volkmer (D)

List of United States representatives from Montana, Montana

: . Pat Williams (Montana politician), Pat Williams (D) : . Ron Marlenee (R)

List of United States representatives from Nebraska, Nebraska

: . Doug Bereuter (R) : . Hal Daub (R) : . Virginia D. Smith (R)

List of United States representatives from Nevada, Nevada

: . Harry Reid (D) : . Barbara Vucanovich (R)

List of United States representatives from New Hampshire, New Hampshire

: . Bob Smith (New Hampshire politician), Bob Smith (R) : . Judd Gregg (R)

List of United States representatives from New Jersey, New Jersey

: . James Florio (D) : . William J. Hughes (D) : . James J. Howard (D) : . Chris Smith (New Jersey politician), Chris Smith (R) : . Marge Roukema (R) : . Bernard J. Dwyer (D) : . Matthew John Rinaldo (R) : . Robert A. Roe (D) : . Robert Torricelli (D) : . Peter W. Rodino (D) : . Dean Gallo (R) : . Jim Courter (R) : . Jim Saxton (R) : . Frank Joseph Guarini (D)

List of United States representatives from New Mexico, New Mexico

: . Manuel Lujan Jr. (R) : . Joe Skeen (R) : . Bill Richardson (D)

List of United States representatives from New York, New York

: . William Carney (politician), William Carney (C; changed to R on October 7, 1985) : . Thomas Downey (D) : . Robert J. Mrazek (D) : . Norman F. Lent (R) : . Raymond J. McGrath (R) : . Joseph P. Addabbo (D), until April 10, 1986 :: Alton Waldon (D), from June 10, 1986 : . Gary Ackerman (D) : . James H. Scheuer (D) : . Thomas J. Manton (D) : . Chuck Schumer (D) : . Edolphus Towns (D) : . Major Owens (D) : . Stephen Solarz (D) : . Guy Molinari (R) : . Bill Green (New York politician), Bill Green (R) : . Charles Rangel (D) : . Ted Weiss (D) : . Robert Garcia (New York politician), Robert Garcia (D) : . Mario Biaggi (D) : . Joe DioGuardi (R) : . Hamilton Fish IV (R) : . Benjamin Gilman (R) : . Samuel S. Stratton (D) : . Gerald Solomon (R) : . Sherwood Boehlert (R) : . David O'Brien Martin (R) : . George C. Wortley (R) : . Matthew F. McHugh (D) : . Frank Horton (New York politician), Frank Horton (R) : . Fred J. Eckert (R) : .

(R) : . John LaFalce (D) : . Henry J. Nowak (D) : . Stan Lundine (D), until December 31, 1986

List of United States representatives from North Carolina, North Carolina

: . Walter B. Jones Sr. (D) : . Tim Valentine (D) : . Charles Orville Whitley (D), until December 31, 1986 : . Bill Cobey (R) : . Stephen L. Neal (D) : . Howard Coble (R) : . Charlie Rose (politician), Charlie Rose (D) : . Bill Hefner (D) : . Alex McMillan (R) : . Jim Broyhill (R), until July 14, 1986 :: Cass Ballenger (R), from November 4, 1986 : . Bill Hendon (R)

List of United States representatives from North Dakota, North Dakota

: . Byron Dorgan (D-NPL)

List of United States representatives from Ohio, Ohio

: . Tom Luken (D) : . Bill Gradison (R) : . Tony P. Hall (D) : . Mike Oxley (R) : . Del Latta (R) : . Bob McEwen (R) : . Mike DeWine (R) : . Tom Kindness (R) : . Marcy Kaptur (D) : . Clarence E. Miller (R) : . Dennis E. Eckart (D) : . John Kasich (R) : . Don Pease (D) : . John F. Seiberling (D) : . Chalmers Wylie (R) : . Ralph Regula (R) : . Jim Traficant (D) : . Douglas Applegate (D) : . Ed Feighan (D) : . Mary Rose Oakar (D) : . Louis Stokes (D)

List of United States representatives from Oklahoma, Oklahoma

: . James R. Jones (D) : . Mike Synar (D) : . Wes Watkins (D) : . Dave McCurdy (D) : . Mickey Edwards (R) : . Glenn English (D)

List of United States representatives from Oregon, Oregon

: . Les AuCoin (D) : . Bob Smith (Oregon politician), Bob Smith (R) : . Ron Wyden (D) : . Jim Weaver (Oregon politician), Jim Weaver (D) : . Denny Smith (R)

List of United States representatives from Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania

: . Thomas M. Foglietta (D) : . William H. Gray III (D) : . Robert A. Borski Jr. (D) : . Joseph P. Kolter (D) : . Richard T. Schulze (R) : . Gus Yatron (D) : . Robert W. Edgar (D) : . Peter H. Kostmayer (D) : . Bud Shuster (R) : . Joseph M. McDade (R) : . Paul Kanjorski (D) : . John Murtha (D) : . Lawrence Coughlin (R) : . William J. Coyne (D) : . Donald L. Ritter (R) : . Bob Walker (Pennsylvania politician), Bob Walker (R) : . George Gekas (R) : . Doug Walgren (D) : . Bill Goodling (R) : . Joseph M. Gaydos (D) : . Tom Ridge (R) : . Austin Murphy (D) : . William Clinger (R)

List of United States representatives from Rhode Island, Rhode Island

: . Fernand St. Germain (D) : . Claudine Schneider (R)

List of United States representatives from South Carolina, South Carolina

: . Thomas F. Hartnett (R) : . Floyd Spence (R) : . Butler Derrick (D) : . Carroll A. Campbell Jr. (R) : . John Spratt (D) : . Robin Tallon (D)

List of United States representatives from South Dakota, South Dakota

: . Tom Daschle (D)

List of United States representatives from Tennessee, Tennessee

: . Jimmy Quillen (R) : . John Duncan Sr. (R) : . Marilyn Lloyd (D) : . Jim Cooper (D) : . Bill Boner (D) : . Bart Gordon (D) : . Don Sundquist (R) : . Ed Jones (Tennessee politician), Ed Jones (D) : . Harold Ford Sr. (D)

List of United States representatives from Texas, Texas

: . Sam B. Hall Jr. (D), until May 27, 1985 :: Jim Chapman (congressman), Jim Chapman (D), from August 3, 1985 : . Charlie Wilson (Texas politician), Charlie Wilson (D) : . Steve Bartlett (R) : . Ralph Hall (D) : . John Bryant (Texas politician), John Bryant (D) : . Joe Barton (R) : . Bill Archer (R) : . Jack Fields (R) : . Jack Brooks (American politician), Jack Brooks (D) : . J. J. Pickle (D) : . Marvin Leath (D) : . Jim Wright (D) : . Beau Boulter (R) : . Mac Sweeney (R) : . Kika de la Garza (D) : . Ron Coleman (politician), Ron Coleman (D) : . Charles Stenholm (D) : . Mickey Leland (D) : . Larry Combest (R) : . Henry B. González (D) : .

(R) : . Tom DeLay (R) : . Albert Bustamante (D) : . Martin Frost (D) : . Michael A. Andrews (D) : . Dick Armey (R) : . Solomon P. Ortiz (D)

List of United States representatives from Utah, Utah

: . Jim Hansen (Utah politician), Jim Hansen (R) : . David Smith Monson (R) : . Howard C. Nielson (R)

List of United States representatives from Vermont, Vermont

: . Jim Jeffords (R)

List of United States representatives from Virginia, Virginia

: . Herbert H. Bateman (R) : . G. William Whitehurst (R) : . Thomas J. Bliley Jr. (R) : . Norman Sisisky (D) : . Dan Daniel (politician), Dan Daniel (D) : . Jim Olin (D) : . D. French Slaughter Jr. (R) : . Stanford Parris (R) : . Rick Boucher (D) : . Frank Wolf (politician), Frank Wolf (R)

List of United States representatives from Washington, Washington

: . John Miller (Washington politician), John Miller (R) : . Al Swift (D) : . Don Bonker (D) : . Sid Morrison (R) : . Tom Foley (D) : . Norm Dicks (D) : . Mike Lowry (D) : . Rod Chandler (R)

List of United States representatives from West Virginia, West Virginia

: . Alan Mollohan (D) : . Harley O. Staggers Jr. (D) : . Bob Wise (D) : . Nick Rahall (D)

List of United States representatives from Wisconsin, Wisconsin

: . Les Aspin (D) : . Robert Kastenmeier (D) : . Steve Gunderson (R) : . Jerry Kleczka (D) : . Jim Moody (D) : . Tom Petri (R) : . Dave Obey (D) : . Toby Roth (R) : . Jim Sensenbrenner (R)

List of United States representatives from Wyoming, Wyoming

: .

(R)

Non-voting members

: . Fofō Iosefa Fiti Sunia (D) : . Walter Fauntroy (D) : . Vicente T. Blaz (R) : . Jaime Fuster (Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico, PPD) : . Ron de Lugo (D)

Changes in membership

Senate

, - ,

West Virginia West Virginia is a mountainous U.S. state, state in the Southern United States, Southern and Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.The United States Census Bureau, Census Bureau and the Association of American ...

(2) , Vacant , Senator-elect chose to wait until finishing term as Governor of West Virginia. , nowrap , Jay Rockefeller (D) , January 15, 1985 , - ,

North Carolina North Carolina ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, South Carolina to the south, Georgia (U.S. stat ...

(3) , nowrap , John Porter East (R) , Died June 29, 1986.
Successor appointed to continue the term. , nowrap , Jim Broyhill (R) , July 14, 1986 , - ,

(3) , nowrap , Jim Broyhill (R) , Interim appointee lost special election.
Successor 1986 United States Senate elections in North Carolina, elected to finish the term. , nowrap , Terry Sanford (D) , November 5, 1986

House of Representatives

, - , Indiana's 8th congressional district, Indiana's 8th , Disputed , House declared McCloskey the winner after auditors from the US General Accounting Office conducted a recount and Republican floor votes were rejected. , , Frank McCloskey (D) , May 1, 1985 , - , Louisiana's 8th congressional district, Louisiana's 8th , , Gillis William Long (D) , Died January 20, 1985. , , Catherine Small Long (D) , March 30, 1985 , - , Texas's 1st congressional district, Texas's 1st , , Sam B. Hall Jr. (D) , Resigned May 27, 1985, to become judge for the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, US District Court for the Eastern District of Texas. , , Jim Chapman (congressman), Jim Chapman (D) , August 3, 1985 , - , New York's 1st congressional district, New York's 1st , , William Carney (politician), William Carney (C) , Changed parties October 7, 1985. , , William Carney (R) , October 7, 1985 , - , New York's 6th congressional district, New York's 6th , , Joseph P. Addabbo (D) , Died April 10, 1986. , , Alton Waldon (D) , June 10, 1986 , - , Hawaii's 1st congressional district, Hawaii's 1st , , Cecil Heftel (D) , Resigned July 11, 1986. , , Neil Abercrombie (D) , September 20, 1986 , - , North Carolina's 10th congressional district, North Carolina's 10th , , Jim Broyhill (R) , Resigned July 14, 1986, to become U.S. Senator. , , Cass Ballenger (R) , November 4, 1986 , - , Illinois's 4th congressional district, Illinois's 4th , , George M. O'Brien (R) , Died July 17, 1986. , rowspan=4 , Vacant , rowspan=4 , Not filled this term , - , Illinois's 14th congressional district, Illinois's 14th , , John E. Grotberg (R) , Died November 15, 1986. , - , New York's 34th congressional district, New York's 34th , , Stan Lundine (D) , Resigned December 31, 1986. , - , North Carolina's 3rd congressional district, North Carolina's 3rd , , Charles Orville Whitley (D) , Resigned December 31, 1986.

Committees

Senate

* United States Senate Special Committee on Aging, Aging (Special) (Chair: H. John Heinz III) * United States Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry, Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Edward Zorinsky) * United States Senate Committee on Appropriations, Appropriations (Chair: Mark Hatfield; Ranking Member: John C. Stennis) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Agriculture and Related Agencies, Agriculture and Related Agencies (Chair: Thad Cochran; Ranking Member: Quentin N. Burdick) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, State and Judiciary, Commerce, Justice, State and Judiciary (Chair: Paul Laxalt; Ranking Member: Ernest F. Hollings) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense, Defense (Chair:

; Ranking Member: John C. Stennis) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on District of Columbia, District of Columbia (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Frank Lautenberg) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development, Energy and Water Development (Chair:

; Ranking Member: J. Bennett Johnston) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Foreign Operations (Chair: Bob Kasten; Ranking Member: Daniel K. Inouye) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on HUD-Independent Agencies, HUD-Independent Agencies (Chair:

; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Interior, Interior (Chair: James A. McClure; Ranking Member: Robert C. Byrd) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor-Health, Education and Welfare, Labor-Health, Education and Welfare (Chair: Lowell P. Weicker; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Legislative Branch, Legislative Branch (Chair: Al D'Amato; Ranking Member: Dale Bumpers) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Military Construction, Military Construction (Chair: Mack Mattingly; Ranking Member: Jim Sasser) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Transportation, Transportation (Chair: Mark Andrews; Ranking Member: Lawton Chiles) ** United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Treasury, Postal Service and General Government, Treasury, Postal Service and General Government (Chair: James Abdnor; Ranking Member: Dennis DeConcini) * United States Senate Committee on Armed Services, Armed Services (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Sam Nunn) ** United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Military Construction, Military Construction (Chair: Strom Thurmond; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic and Theater Nuclear Forces, Strategic and Theater Nuclear Forces (Chair: John W. Warner; Ranking Member: John W. Warner) ** United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Preparedness, Preparedness (Chair: Gordon J. Humphrey; Ranking Member: Alan J. Dixon) ** United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Sea Power and Force Projection, Sea Power and Force Projection (Chair: William S. Cohen; Ranking Member: J. James Exon) ** United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Manpower and Personnel, Manpower and Personnel (Chair: Pete Wilson; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Defense Acquisition Policy, Defense Acquisition Policy (Chair:

; Ranking Member:

) * United States Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs, Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs (Chair:

; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Banking Subcommittee on Housing and Urban Affairs, Housing and Urban Affairs (Chair: Chic Hecht; Ranking Member: Donald W. Riegle Jr.) ** United States Senate Banking Subcommittee on International Finance and Monetary Policy, International Finance and Monetary Policy (Chair: H. John Heinz III; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Banking Subcommittee on Financial Institutions and Consumer Affairs, Financial Institutions and Consumer Affairs (Chair: Slade Gorton; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Banking Subcommittee on Securities, Securities (Chair: Al D'Amato; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Banking Subcommittee on Economic Policy, Economic Policy (Chair: Mack Mattingly; Ranking Member: Chris Dodd) * United States Senate Committee on the Budget, Budget (Chair: Pete Domenici; Ranking Member: Lawton Chiles) * United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation, Commerce, Science and Transportation (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Ernest F. Hollings) ** United States Senate Commerce Committee on Aviation, Aviation (Chair: Nancy Kassebaum; Ranking Member: J. James Exon) ** United States Senate Commerce Committee on Business, Trade and Tourism, Business, Trade and Tourism (Chair: Larry Pressler; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Commerce Committee on Communications, Communications (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Ernest F. Hollings) ** United States Senate Commerce Committee on Consumer, Consumer (Chair: Bob Kasten; Ranking Member: Wendell Ford) ** United States Senate Commerce Committee on Merchant Marine, Merchant Marine (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Daniel K. Inouye) ** United States Senate Commerce Committee on Science, Technology and Space, Science, Technology and Space (Chair: Slade Gorton; Ranking Member: Donald W. Riegle Jr.) ** United States Senate Commerce Committee on Surface Transportation, Surface Transportation (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Russell B. Long) ** United States Senate Commerce Committee on National Ocean Policy Study, National Ocean Policy Study (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Ernest F. Hollings) * United States Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, Energy and Natural Resources (Chair: James A. McClure; Ranking Member: J. Bennett Johnston) ** United States Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee on Energy Regulation and Conservation, Energy Regulation and Conservation (Chair: Don Nickles; Ranking Member: Howard M. Metzenbaum) ** United States Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee on Natural Resources Development and Production, Natural Resources Development and Production (Chair: John Warner; Ranking Member: John Melcher) ** United States Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee on Energy Research and Development, Energy Research and Development (Chair: Pete Domenici; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee on Water and Power, Water and Power (Chair: Frank Murkowski; Ranking Member: Dale Bumpers) ** United States Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee on Public Lands, Reserved Water and Resource Conservation, Public Lands, Reserved Water and Resource Conservation (Chair: Malcolm Wallop; Ranking Member: Dale Bumpers) * United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works, Environment and Public Works (Chair: Robert Stafford; Ranking Member: Lloyd Bentsen) ** United States Senate Environment and Public Works Committee on Environmental Pollution, Environmental Pollution (Chair: John Chafee; Ranking Member: George J. Mitchell) ** United States Senate Environment and Public Works Committee on Nuclear Regulation, Nuclear Regulation (Chair: Alan K. Simpson; Ranking Member: Gary Hart) ** United States Senate Environment and Public Works Committee on Water Resources, Water Resources (Chair: James Abdnor; Ranking Member: Daniel Moynihan) ** United States Senate Environment and Public Works Committee on Transportation, Transportation (Chair: Steve Symms; Ranking Member: Quentin N. Burdick) ** United States Senate Environment and Public Works Committee on Regional and Community Development, Regional and Community Development (Chair: Gordon J. Humphrey; Ranking Member: Frank R. Lautenberg) ** United States Senate Environment and Public Works Committee on Toxic Substances and Environmental Oversight, Toxic Substances and Environmental Oversight (Chair: David Durenberger; Ranking Member: Max Baucus) * United States Senate Select Committee on Ethics, Ethics (Select) (Chair: Warren Rudman; Vice Chair: Howell Heflin) * United States Senate Committee on Finance, Finance (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Russell B. Long) ** United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on Taxation and Debt Management, Taxation and Debt Management (Chair: John H. Chafee; Ranking Member: Spark Matsunaga) ** United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on International Trade, International Trade (Chair: John C. Danforth; Ranking Member: Lloyd Bentsen) ** United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on Savings, Pensions and Investment Policy, Savings, Pensions and Investment Policy (Chair: H. John Heinz III; Ranking Member: George J. Mitchell) ** United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on Energy and Agricultural Taxation, Energy and Agricultural Taxation (Chair: Malcolm Wallop; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on Health, Health (Chair: David Durenberger; Ranking Member: Max Baucus) ** United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on Social Security and Income Maintenance Programs, Social Security and Income Maintenance Programs (Chair: William L. Armstrong; Ranking Member: Daniel Moynihan) ** United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on Estate and Gift Taxation, Estate and Gift Taxation (Chair: Steve Symms; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Finance Subcommittee on Oversight of the Internal Revenue Service, Oversight of the Internal Revenue Service (Chair:

; Ranking Member: David Pryor) * United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, Foreign Relations (Chair: Richard Lugar; Ranking Member: Claiborne Pell) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere Affairs, Western Hemisphere Affairs (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Edward Zorinsky) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on International Economic Policy, Oceans and Environment, International Economic Policy, Oceans and Environment (Chair: Charles Mathias; Ranking Member: Chris Dodd) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on African Affairs, African Affairs (Chair: Nancy Kassebaum; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs, Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs (Chair: Rudy Boschwitz; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on European Affairs, European Affairs (Chair: Larry Pressler; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on East Asian and Pacific Affairs, East Asian and Pacific Affairs (Chair: Frank Murkowski; Ranking Member:

) * United States Senate Committee on Governmental Affairs, Governmental Affairs (Chair: Bill Roth (politician), Bill Roth; Ranking Member: Thomas F. Eagleton) ** United States Senate Governmental Affairs Subcommittee on Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations (Chair: William Roth, Bill Roth; Ranking Member: Sam Nunn) ** United States Senate Governmental Affairs Subcommittee on Governmental Efficiency and the District of Columbia, Governmental Efficiency and the District of Columbia (Chair: Charles Mathias; Ranking Member: Thomas F. Eagleton) ** United States Senate Governmental Affairs Subcommittee on Energy, Nuclear Proliferation and Federal Services, Energy, Nuclear Proliferation and Federal Services (Chair: Thad Cochran; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Governmental Affairs Subcommittee on Intergovernmental Relations, Intergovernmental Relations (Chair: David Durenberger; Ranking Member: Lawton Chiles) ** United States Senate Governmental Affairs Subcommittee on Civil Service, Post Office and General Services, Civil Service, Post Office and General Services (Chair:

; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Governmental Affairs Subcommittee on Oversight of Government Management, Oversight of Government Management (Chair: William S. Cohen; Ranking Member:

) * United States Senate Select Committee on the Impeachment of Harry E. Claiborne, Impeachment of Harry E. Claiborne (Select) (Chair: Charles Mathias; Ranking Member: ) * United States Senate Select Committee on Indian Affairs, Indian Affairs (Select) (Chair: Mark Andrews) * United States Senate Committee on Judiciary, Judiciary (Chair: Strom Thurmond; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Patents, Copyrights and Trademarks, Patents, Copyrights and Trademarks (Chair: Charles Mathias; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Criminal Law, Criminal Law (Chair: Paul Laxalt; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on the Constitution, Constitution (Chair: Orrin Hatch; Ranking Member: Dennis DeConcini) ** United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Immigration and Refugee Policy, Immigration and Refugee Policy (Chair: Alan K. Simpson; Ranking Member: Ted Kennedy) ** United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Courts, Courts (Chair: John P. East; Ranking Member: Howell Heflin) ** United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Administration Practice and Procedure, Administration Practice and Procedure (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Howard M. Metzenbaum) ** United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Security and Terrorism, Security and Terrorism (Chair: Jeremiah Denton; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Juvenile Justice, Juvenile Justice (Chair:

; Ranking Member:

) * United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, Intelligence (Select) (Chair: David Durenberger; Vice Chairman:

) * United States Senate Committee on Labor and Human Resources, Labor and Human Resources (Chair: Orrin Hatch; Ranking Member: Ted Kennedy) ** United States Senate Labor and Human Resources Subcommittee on Labor, Labor (Chair: Don Nickles; Ranking Member: Howard M. Metzenbaum) ** United States Senate Labor and Human Resources Subcommittee on Education, Arts and Humanities, Education, Arts and Humanities (Chair: Robert Stafford; Ranking Member: Claiborne Pell) ** United States Senate Labor and Human Resources Subcommittee on Employment and Productivity, Employment and Productivity (Chair:

; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Labor and Human Resources Subcommittee on the Handicapped, Handicapped (Chair: Lowell P. Weicker; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Labor and Human Resources Subcommittee on Children, Family, Drugs and Alcoholism, Children, Family, Drugs and Alcoholism (Chair: Paula Hawkins; Ranking Member: Chris Dodd) ** United States Senate Labor and Human Resources Subcommittee on Aging, Aging (Chair:

; Ranking Member: Spark Matsunaga) * United States Senate Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs, Nutrition and Human Needs (Select) (Chair: ) * United States Senate Committee on Rules and Administration, Rules and Administration (Chair: Charles Mathias; Ranking Member: Wendell H. Ford) * United States Senate Special Committee on Security and Cooperation in Europe, Security and Cooperation in Europe (Special) (Chair: ) * United States Senate Committee on Small Business, Small Business (Chair: Lowell P. Weicker Jr.; Ranking Member: Dale Bumpers) ** United States Senate Small Business Subcommittee on Urban and Rural Economic Development, Urban and Rural Economic Development (Chair: Al D'Amato; Ranking Member: Alan J. Dixon) ** United States Senate Small Business Subcommittee on Government Procurement, Government Procurement (Chair: Don Nickles; Ranking Member:

) ** United States Senate Small Business Subcommittee on Productivity and Competition, Productivity and Competition (Chair: Slade Gorton; Ranking Member: Dale Bumpers) ** United States Senate Small Business Subcommittee on Innovation and Technology, Innovation and Technology (Chair: Warren Rudman; Ranking Member: David L. Boren) ** United States Senate Small Business Subcommittee on Export Promotion and Market Development, Export Promotion and Market Development (Chair: Rudy Boschwitz; Ranking Member: Max Baucus) ** United States Senate Small Business Subcommittee on Small Business Family Farm, Small Business Family Farm (Chair: Larry Pressler; Ranking Member: Sam Nunn) ** United States Senate Small Business Subcommittee on Entrepreneurship and Special Problems Facing Small Business, Entrepreneurship and Special Problems Facing Small Business (Chair: Bob Kasten; Ranking Member: Jim Sasser) * United States Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs, Veterans' Affairs (Chair: Frank Murkowski; Ranking Member:

) * Committee of the whole, Whole

House of Representatives

* United States House Select Committee on Aging, Aging (Select) (Chair: Edward Roybal) * United States House Committee on Agriculture, Agriculture (Chair: Kika de la Garza; Ranking Member: Edward Madigan) ** United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Cotton, Rice and Sugar, Cotton, Rice and Sugar (Chair: Jerry Huckaby; Ranking Member: Arlan Stangeland) ** United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Livestock, Dairy and Poultry, Livestock, Dairy and Poultry (Chair: Tony Coelho; Ranking Member: Jim Jeffords) ** United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Tobacco and Peanuts, Tobacco and Peanuts (Chair: Charlie Rose (politician), Charlie Rose; Ranking Member: Larry J. Hopkins) ** United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Wheat, Soybeans and Feed Grains, Wheat, Soybeans and Feed Grains (Chair: Tom Foley; Ranking Member: Ron Marlenee) ** United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Conservation Credit and Rural Development, Conservation Credit and Rural Development (Chair: Ed Jones (Tennessee politician), Ed Jones; Ranking Member: E. Thomas Coleman) ** United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Department Operations Research and Foreign Agriculture, Department Operations Research and Foreign Agriculture (Chair: Berkley Bedell; Ranking Member: Pat Roberts) ** United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Domestic Marketing, Consumer Relations and Nutrition, Domestic Marketing, Consumer Relations and Nutrition (Chair: Leon Panetta; Ranking Member: Bill Emerson) ** United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Forests, Family Farms and Energy, Forests, Family Farms and Energy (Chair: Charles Whitley) * United States House Committee on Appropriations, Appropriations (Chair: Jamie L. Whitten; Ranking Member: Silvio O. Conte) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development and Related Agencies, Agriculture, Rural Development and Related Agencies (Chair: Jamie Whitten; Ranking Member: Silvio O. Conte) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, State and the Judiciary, Commerce, Justice, State and the Judiciary (Chair: Neal Edward Smith; Ranking Member: Virginia D. Smith, Virginia Smith) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense, Defense (Chair: Joseph P. Addabbo; Ranking Member: George M. O'Brien) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on District of Columbia, District of Columbia (Chair: Julian C. Dixon; Ranking Member: Joseph M. McDade) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development, Energy and Water Development (Chair: Tom Bevill; Ranking Member: Lawrence Coughlin) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Foreign Operations (Chair: David Obey; Ranking Member: John T. Myers (congressman), John T. Myers) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on HUD-Independent Agencies, HUD-Independent Agencies (Chair: Edward P. Boland; Ranking Member: Bill Green (New York politician), Bill Green) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Interior, Interior (Chair: Sidney Yates; Ranking Member: Ralph Regula) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor-Health and Human Services, Labor-Health and Human Services (Chair: William H. Natcher; Ranking Member: Silvio O. Conte) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Legislative, Legislative (Chair: Victor H. Fazio, Victor Fazio; Ranking Member:

) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Military Construction, Military Construction (Chair: Bill Hefner; Ranking Member: Mickey Edwards) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Transportation, Transportation (Chair: William Lehman (Florida politician), William Lehman; Ranking Member: Lawrence Coughlin) ** United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Treasury, Postal Service and General Government, Treasury, Postal Service and General Government (Chair: Edward Roybal; Ranking Member: Joe Skeen) * United States House Committee on Armed Services, Armed Services (Chair: Les Aspin; Ranking Member: William Louis Dickinson, William L. Dickinson) ** United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Military Personnel and Compensation, Military Personnel and Compensation (Chair: Edward Roybal; Ranking Member: Elwood Hillis) ** United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Research and Development, Research and Development (Chair: Charles Melvin Price; Ranking Member: William Louis Dickinson, William L. Dickinson) ** United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Seapower, Strategic and Critical Materials, Seapower, Strategic and Critical Materials (Chair: Charles Edward Bennett; Ranking Member: Floyd Spence) ** United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Procurement and Military Nuclear Systems, Procurement and Military Nuclear Systems (Chair: Samuel S. Stratton; Ranking Member: Marjorie S. Holt) ** United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Investigations, Investigations (Chair: Bill Nichols; Ranking Member: Larry J. Hopkins) ** United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Readiness, Readiness (Chair: Dan Daniel (politician), Dan Daniel; Ranking Member: G. William Whitehurst) ** United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Morale, Welfare and Recreation (MWR) Panel, Morale, Welfare and Recreation (MWR) Panel (Chair: Dan Daniel (politician), Dan Daniel; Ranking Member: G. William Whitehurst) ** United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Military Installations and Facilities, Military Installations and Facilities (Chair: Ron Dellums; Ranking Member: Ken Kramer) * United States House Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs, Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs (Chair: Fernand St. Germain; Ranking Member: Chalmers P. Wylie) ** United States House Banking Subcommittee on Financial Institutions Supervision, Regulation and Insurance, Financial Institutions Supervision, Regulation and Insurance (Chair: Fernand St. Germain; Ranking Member: Chalmers P. Wylie) ** United States House Banking Subcommittee on Housing and Community Development, Housing and Community Development (Chair: Henry B. Gonzalez; Ranking Member: Stewart B. McKinney) ** United States House Banking Subcommittee on Consumer Affairs and Coinage, Consumer Affairs and Coinage (Chair: Frank Annunzio; Ranking Member: John P. Hiler) ** United States House Banking Subcommittee on Domestic Monetary Policy, Domestic Monetary Policy (Chair: Walter E. Fauntroy; Ranking Member: Bill McCollum) ** United States House Banking Subcommittee on International Finance, Trade and Monetary Policy, International Finance, Trade and Monetary Policy (Chair: Stephen L. Neal; Ranking Member: Jim Leach) ** United States House Banking Subcommittee on General Oversight and Renegotiation, General Oversight and Renegotiation (Chair: Carroll Hubbard; Ranking Member: Stanford Parris) ** United States House Banking Subcommittee on Economic Stabilization, Economic Stabilization (Chair: John J. LaFalce; Ranking Member: Norman D. Shumway) ** United States House Banking Subcommittee on International Development Institutions and Finance, International Development Institutions and Finance (Chair: Stan Lundine; Ranking Member: Doug Bereuter) * United States House Committee on the Budget, Budget (Chair: William H. Gray (Pennsylvania politician), William H. Gray; Ranking Member: Del Latta) ** United States House Budget Subcommittee on Defense and International Affairs, Defense and International Affairs (Chair: Thomas J. Downey; Ranking Member: Bobbi Fiedler) ** United States House Budget Subcommittee on Economic Policy, Economic Policy (Chair: Mike Lowry; Ranking Member:

) ** United States House Budget Subcommittee on Budget Process, Budget Process (Chair: Butler Derrick; Ranking Member: Lynn Morley Martin) ** United States House Budget Subcommittee on State and Local Government, State and Local Government (Chair: George Miller; Ranking Member: Connie Mack III) ** United States House Budget Subcommittee on Human Resources, Human Resources (Chair: Pat Williams (Montana politician), Pat Williams; Ranking Member: Bill Goodling) ** United States House Budget Subcommittee on Community and Natural Resources, Community and Natural Resources (Chair: Howard Wolpe; Ranking Member:

) ** United States House Budget Subcommittee on Health, Health (Chair: Martin Frost; Ranking Member: Willis D. Gradison Jr.) ** United States House Budget Subcommittee on Income Security, Income Security (Chair: Victor H. Fazio; Ranking Member: W. Henson Moore) * United States House Select Committee on Children, Youth and Families, Children, Youth and Families (Select) (Chair: George Miller) * United States House Committee on District of Columbia, District of Columbia (Chair: Ron Dellums; Ranking Member: Stewart B. McKinney) ** United States House District of Columbia Subcommittee on Fiscal Affairs and Health, Fiscal Affairs and Health (Chair: Walter E. Fauntroy; Ranking Member: Stewart McKinney (politician), Stewart McKinney) ** United States House District of Columbia Subcommittee on Government Operations and Metropolitan Affairs, Government Operations and Metropolitan Affairs (Chair: Michael D. Barnes; Ranking Member: Stanford Parris) ** United States House District of Columbia Subcommittee on Judiciary and Education, Judiciary and Education (Chair: Mervyn M. Dymally; Ranking Member: Thomas J. Bliley Jr.) * United States House Committee on Education and Labor, Education and Labor (Chair: Augustus F. Hawkins; Ranking Member: Jim Jeffords) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary and Vocational Education, Elementary, Secondary and Vocational Education (Chair: Augustus F. Hawkins; Ranking Member: William F. Goodling) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education, Postsecondary Education (Chair: William D. Ford; Ranking Member: E. Thomas Coleman) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Health and Safety, Health and Safety (Chair: Joseph M. Gaydos; Ranking Member: Rod Chandler) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Labor-Management Relations, Labor-Management Relations (Chair: Bill Clay; Ranking Member: Tom Petri) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Labor Standards, Labor Standards (Chair: Austin J. Murphy; Ranking Member: Tom Petri) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Human Resources, Human Resources (Chair: Dale E. Kildee; Ranking Member: Tom Tauke) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Select Education, Select Education (Chair: Pat Williams (Montana politician), Pat Williams; Ranking Member: Steve Bartlett) ** United States House Education and Labor Subcommittee on Employment Opportunities, Employment Opportunities (Chair: Matthew G. Martinez; Ranking Member: Steve Gunderson) * United States House Committee on Energy and Commerce, Energy and Commerce (Chair: John Dingell; Ranking Member: Jim Broyhill) ** United States House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, Oversight and Investigations (Chair: John Dingell; Ranking Member: Jim Broyhill) ** United States House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Health and the Environment, Health and the Environment (Chair: Henry Waxman; Ranking Member: Edward Madigan) ** United States House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Telecommunications, Consumer Protection and Finance, Telecommunications, Consumer Protection and Finance (Chair: Timothy Wirth; Ranking Member: Matthew J. Rinaldo) ** United States House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Fossil and Synthetic Fuels, Fossil and Synthetic Fuels (Chair: Philip Sharp (politician), Phil Sharp; Ranking Member: William E. Dannemeyer) ** United States House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Commerce, Transportation and Tourism, Commerce, Transportation and Tourism (Chair: James J. Florio; Ranking Member: Norman F. Lent) ** United States House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Energy Conservation and Power, Energy Conservation and Power (Chair: Ed Markey; Ranking Member: Carlos J. Moorhead) * United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs, Foreign Affairs (Chair: Dante Fascell; Ranking Member: William S. Broomfield) ** United States House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Arms Control, International Security and Science, Arms Control, International Security and Science (Chair: Dante Fascell; Ranking Member: William S. Broomfield) ** United States House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Europe and the Middle East, Europe and the Middle East (Chair: Lee H. Hamilton; Ranking Member: Benjamin A. Gilman) ** United States House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Human Rights and International Organizations, Human Rights and International Organizations (Chair: Gus Yatron; Ranking Member: Gerald B.H. Solomon) ** United States House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on International Economic Policy and Trade, International Economic Policy and Trade (Chair: Stephen J. Solarz; Ranking Member: Toby Roth) ** United States House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Asian and Pacific Affairs, Asian and Pacific Affairs (Chair: Don Bonker; Ranking Member: Jim Leach) ** United States House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on International Operations, International Operations (Chair: Dan Mica; Ranking Member: Olympia Snowe) ** United States House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere Affairs, Western Hemisphere Affairs (Chair: Michael D. Barnes; Ranking Member: Robert J. Lagomarsino) ** United States House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Africa, Africa (Chair: Howard Wolpe; Ranking Member: Mark Siljander) * United States House Committee on Government Operations, Government Operations (Chair: Jack Brooks (American politician), Jack Brooks; Ranking Member: Frank Horton (New York politician), Frank Horton) ** United States House Government Operations Subcommittee on Legislation and National Security, Legislation and National Security (Chair: Jack Brooks (American politician), Jack Brooks; Ranking Member: Frank Horton (New York politician), Frank Horton) ** United States House Government Operations Subcommittee on Government Activities and Transportation, Government Activities and Transportation (Chair: Cardiss Collins; Ranking Member: Al McCandless) ** United States House Government Operations Subcommittee on Government Information and Individual Rights, Government Information and Individual Rights (Chair: Glenn English; Ranking Member: Thomas N. Kindness) ** United States House Government Operations Subcommittee on Ingovernmental Relations and Human Resources, Ingovernmental Relations and Human Resources (Chair: Ted Weiss; Ranking Member: Robert S. Walker) ** United States House Government Operations Subcommittee on Environment, Energy and Natural Resources, Environment, Energy and Natural Resources (Chair: Mike Synar; Ranking Member: William F. Clinger Jr.) ** United States House Government Operations Subcommittee on Commerce, Consumer and Monetary Affairs, Commerce, Consumer and Monetary Affairs (Chair: Doug Barnard; Ranking Member: Larry E. Craig) ** United States House Government Operations Subcommittee on Employment and Housing, Employment and Housing (Chair: Barney Frank; Ranking Member: Howard C. Nielson) * United States House Committee on House Administration, House Administration (Chair: Frank Annunzio; Ranking Member: Bill Frenzel) ** United States House Administration Subcommittee on Accounts, Accounts (Chair: Joseph Gaydos; Ranking Member: Robert E. Badham) ** United States House Administration Subcommittee on Services, Services (Chair: Ed Jones (Tennessee politician), Ed Jones; Ranking Member: William Louis Dickinson, William L. Dickinson) ** United States House Administration Subcommittee on Office Systems, Office Systems (Chair: Charlie Rose (politician), Charlie Rose; Ranking Member: Bill Thomas) ** United States House Administration Subcommittee on Personnel and Police, Personnel and Police (Chair: Leon Panetta; Ranking Member: Pat Roberts) ** United States House Administration Subcommittee on Elections, Elections (Chair: Al Swift; Ranking Member: Bill Thomas) ** United States House Administration Subcommittee on Procurement and Printing, Procurement and Printing (Chair: Tom Foley; Ranking Member: Newt Gingrich) * United States House Select Committee on Hunger, Hunger (Select) (Chair: Mickey Leland) * United States House Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, Interior and Insular Affairs (Chair: Mo Udall; Ranking Member:

) ** United States House Interior and Insular Affairs Subcommittee on Energy and the Environment, Energy and the Environment (Chair: Mo Udall; Ranking Member: Manuel Lujan Jr.) ** United States House Interior and Insular Affairs Subcommittee on Public Lands, Public Lands (Chair: John F. Seiberling; Ranking Member: Ron Marlenee) ** United States House Interior and Insular Affairs Subcommittee on General Oversight, Northwest Power and Forest Management, General Oversight, Northwest Power and Forest Management (Chair: James D. Weaver, Jim Weaver; Ranking Member: Chip Pashayan) ** United States House Interior and Insular Affairs Subcommittee on Water and Power Resources, Water and Power Resources (Chair: George Miller; Ranking Member:

) ** United States House Interior and Insular Affairs Subcommittee on Mining and Natural Resources, Mining and Natural Resources (Chair: Nick Rahall; Ranking Member: Larry E. Craig) ** United States House Interior and Insular Affairs Subcommittee on National Parks and Recreation, National Parks and Recreation (Chair: Bruce Vento; Ranking Member: Robert J. Lagomarsino) * United States House Committee on Judiciary, Judiciary (Chair: Peter W. Rodino; Ranking Member: Hamilton Fish IV) ** United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Immigration, Refugees and International Law, Immigration, Refugees and International Law (Chair: Romano L. Mazzoli; Ranking Member: Dan Lungren) ** United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Administrative Law and Governmental Relations, Administrative Law and Governmental Relations (Chair: Sam B. Hall Jr.; Ranking Member: Thomas N. Kindness) ** United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Courts, Civil Liberties and the Administration of Justice, Courts, Civil Liberties and the Administration of Justice (Chair: Robert W. Kastenmeier; Ranking Member: Carlos J. Moorhead) ** United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Civil and Constitutional Rights, Civil and Constitutional Rights (Chair: Don Edwards; Ranking Member: Jim Sensenbrenner) ** United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Monopolies and Commercial Law, Monopolies and Commercial Law (Chair: Peter W. Rodino; Ranking Member: Hamilton Fish IV) ** United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Crime, Crime (Chair: William J. Hughes; Ranking Member: Bill McCollum) ** United States House Judiciary Subcommittee on Criminal Justice, Criminal Justice (Chair: John Conyers; Ranking Member: George W. Gekas) * United States House Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, Merchant Marine and Fisheries (Chair: Walter B. Jones Sr.; Ranking Member: Norman F. Lent) ** United States House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Subcommittee on Merchant Marine, Merchant Marine (Chair: Mario Biaggi; Ranking Member: Gene Snyder) ** United States House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Subcommittee on Fisheries, Wildlife Conservation and the Environment, Fisheries, Wildlife Conservation and the Environment (Chair: John Breaux; Ranking Member:

) ** United States House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Subcommittee on Oceangraphy, Oceangraphy (Chair: Barbara Mikulski; Ranking Member: Norman D. Shumway) ** United States House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Subcommittee on Panama Canal and Outer Continental Stuff, Panama Canal and Outer Continental Stuff (Chair: Mike Lowry; Ranking Member: Jack Fields) ** United States House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Navigation, Coast Guard and Navigation (Chair: Gerry Studds; Ranking Member: Robert William Davis, Robert W. Davis) ** United States House Merchant Marine and Fisheries Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, Oversight and Investigations (Chair: Walter B. Jones Sr.; Ranking Member: William Carney (politician), William Carney) * United States House Select Committee on Narcotics Abuse and Control, Narcotics Abuse and Control (Select) (Chair: Charles B. Rangel) * United States House Committee on Post Office and Civil Service, Post Office and Civil Service (Chair: Jack Brooks (American politician), Jack Brooks; Ranking Member: Gene Taylor (Missouri politician), Gene Taylor) ** United States House Post Office and Civil Service Subcommittee on Civil Service, Civil Service (Chair: Patricia Schroeder; Ranking Member: Chip Pashayan) ** United States House Post Office and Civil Service Subcommittee on Census and Population, Census and Population (Chair: Robert Garcia (New York politician), Robert Garcia; Ranking Member: James V. Hansen) ** United States House Post Office and Civil Service Subcommittee on Postal Operations and Services, Postal Operations and Services (Chair: Mickey Leland; Ranking Member: Frank Horton (New York politician), Frank Horton) ** United States House Post Office and Civil Service Subcommittee on Compensation and Employee Benefits, Compensation and Employee Benefits (Chair: Mary Rose Oakar; Ranking Member: John T. Myers (congressman), John T. Myers) ** United States House Post Office and Civil Service Subcommittee on Human Resources, Human Resources (Chair: Gary Ackerman; Ranking Member: Dan Burton) ** United States House Post Office and Civil Service Subcommittee on Investigations, Investigations (Chair: Gerry Sikorski; Ranking Member: Gene Taylor (Missouri politician), Gene Taylor) ** United States House Post Office and Civil Service Subcommittee on Postal Personnel and Modernization, Postal Personnel and Modernization (Chair: Mervyn M. Dymally; Ranking Member: Dan Burton) * United States House Committee on Public Works and Transportation, Public Works and Transportation (Chair: James J. Howard; Ranking Member: Gene Snyder) ** United States House Public Works and Transportation Subcommittee on Aviation, Aviation (Chair: Norman Y. Mineta; Ranking Member: John Paul Hammerschmidt) ** United States House Public Works and Transportation Subcommittee on Economic Development, Economic Development (Chair: Henry J. Nowak; Ranking Member: William F. Clinger Jr.) ** United States House Public Works and Transportation Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight, Investigations and Oversight (Chair: Jim Oberstar; Ranking Member: Newt Gingrich) ** United States House Public Works and Transportation Subcommittee on Public Buildings and Grounds, Public Buildings and Grounds (Chair: Robert A. Young; Ranking Member: E. Clay Shaw Jr.) ** United States House Public Works and Transportation Subcommittee on Surface Transportation, Surface Transportation (Chair: Glenn M. Anderson; Ranking Member: Bud Shuster) ** United States House Public Works and Transportation Subcommittee on Water Resources, Water Resources (Chair: Robert A. Roe; Ranking Member: Arlan Stangeland) * United States House Committee on Rules, Rules (Chair: Claude Pepper; Ranking Member: Jimmy Quillen) ** United States House Rules Subcommittee on The Legislative Process, The Legislative Process (Chair: Butler Derrick; Ranking Member:

) ** United States House Rules Subcommittee on Rules of the House, Rules of the House (Chair: Joe Moakley; Ranking Member: Gene Taylor (Missouri politician), Gene Taylor) * United States House Committee on Science and Technology, Science and Technology (Chair: Don Fuqua; Ranking Member: Manuel Lujan Jr.) ** United States House Science and Technology Subcommittee on Energy Development and Applications, Energy Development and Applications (Chair: Don Fuqua; Ranking Member: Jim Sensenbrenner) ** United States House Science and Technology Subcommittee on Natural Resources, Agriculture Research and Environment, Natural Resources, Agriculture Research and Environment (Chair: James H. Scheuer; Ranking Member: Claudine Schneider) ** United States House Science and Technology Subcommittee on Energy Research and Production, Energy Research and Production (Chair: Marilyn Lloyd; Ranking Member: Sid Morrison) ** United States House Science and Technology Subcommittee on Science, Research and Technology, Science, Research and Technology (Chair: Doug Walgren; Ranking Member: Sherwood Boehlert) ** United States House Science and Technology Subcommittee on Transportation, Aviation and Materials, Transportation, Aviation and Materials (Chair: Dan Glickman; Ranking Member: Tom Lewis (American politician), Tom Lewis) ** United States House Science and Technology Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight, Investigations and Oversight (Chair: Harold Volkmer; Ranking Member: Ron Packard) ** United States House Science and Technology Subcommittee on Space Science and Applications, Space Science and Applications (Chair: Bill Nelson; Ranking Member: Robert S. Walker) * United States House Committee on Small Business, Small Business (Chair: Parren Mitchell; Ranking Member: Joseph M. McDade) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on SBA and SBIC Authority, Minority Enterprise and General Small Business Problems, SBA and SBIC Authority, Minority Enterprise and General Small Business Problems (Chair: Parren Mitchell; Ranking Member: Joseph M. McDade) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on General Oversight and the Economy, General Oversight and the Economy (Chair: Nicholas Mavroules; Ranking Member: Silvio O. Conte) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on Antitrust and Restraint of Trade Activities affecting Small Business, Antitrust and Restraint of Trade Activities affecting Small Business (Chair: Charles Floyd Hatcher; Ranking Member: Vin Weber) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on Energy, Environment and Safety Issues affecting Small Business, Energy, Environment and Safety Issues affecting Small Business (Chair: Charles W. Stenholm; Ranking Member: William S. Broomfield) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on Tax, Access to Equity Capital and Business Opportunities, Tax, Access to Equity Capital and Business Opportunities (Chair: Tom Luken; Ranking Member: John P. Hiler) ** United States House Small Business Subcommittee on Export Opportunities and Special Small Business Problems, Export Opportunities and Special Small Business Problems (Chair: Ike Skelton; Ranking Member: Andy Ireland) * United States House Committee on Standards of Official Conduct, Standards of Official Conduct (Chair: Julian C. Dixon; Ranking Member: Floyd Spence) * United States House Committee on Veterans' Affairs, Veterans' Affairs (Chair: Gillespie V. Montgomery; Ranking Member: John Paul Hammerschmidt) ** United States House Veterans' Affairs Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, Oversight and Investigations (Chair: Sonny Montgomery; Ranking Member: Elwood Hillis) ** United States House Veterans' Affairs Subcommittee on Hospitals and Health Care, Hospitals and Health Care (Chair: Bob Edgar; Ranking Member: John Paul Hammerschmidt) ** United States House Veterans' Affairs Subcommittee on Education, Training and Employment, Education, Training and Employment (Chair: Tom Daschle; Ranking Member: Bob McEwen) ** United States House Veterans' Affairs Subcommittee on Compensation, Pension and Insurance, Compensation, Pension and Insurance (Chair: Douglas Applegate; Ranking Member: Gerald B.H. Solomon) ** United States House Veterans' Affairs Subcommittee on Housing and Memorial Affairs, Housing and Memorial Affairs (Chair: Richard Shelby; Ranking Member: Chris Smith (New Jersey politician), Chris Smith) * United States House Committee on Ways and Means, Ways and Means (Chair: Dan Rostenkowski; Ranking Member: John Duncan Sr., John J. Duncan) ** United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Trade, Trade (Chair: Sam Gibbons; Ranking Member: Phil Crane) ** United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Oversight, Oversight (Chair: J.J. Pickle; Ranking Member: Richard T. Schulze) ** United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Select Revenue Measures, Select Revenue Measures (Chair: Charles Rangel; Ranking Member:

) ** United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Health, Health (Chair: Pete Stark; Ranking Member: Bill Gradison) ** United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Social Security, Social Security (Chair: James Robert Jones; Ranking Member: Bill Archer) ** United States House Ways and Means Subcommittee on Public Assistance and Unemployment Compensation, Public Assistance and Unemployment Compensation (Chair: Harold Ford Sr.; Ranking Member: Carroll A. Campbell Jr.) * Committee of the Whole (United States House of Representatives), Whole

Joint committees

* Joint Economic Committee, Economic (Chair: Rep. David Obey; Vice Chair: Sen. James Abdnor) * Joint Committee on Taxation, Taxation (Chair: Rep. Dan Rostenkowski; Vice Chair: Sen.

) * Joint Committee on the Library, The Library (Chair: Rep. Frank Annunzio; Vice Chair: Sen. Charles Mathias) * Joint Committee on Printing, Printing (Chair: Sen. Charles Mathias; Vice Chair: Rep. Frank Annunzio)

Employees

List of federal agencies in the United States#United States Congress, Legislative branch agency directors

* Architect of the Capitol: George Malcolm White * Attending Physician of the United States Congress: Freeman H. Cary, until 1986 ** William Narva, from 1986 * Comptroller General of the United States: Charles A. Bowsher * Director of the Congressional Budget Office: Rudolph G. Penner * Librarian of Congress: Daniel J. Boorstin * Public Printer of the United States: Ralph E. Kennickell Jr.

Senate

* Chaplain of the United States Senate, Chaplain: Richard C. Halverson (Presbyterian) * Curator of the United States Senate, Curator: James R. Ketchum * Historian of the United States Senate, Historian: Richard A. Baker (historian), Richard A. Baker * Parliamentarian of the United States Senate, Parliamentarian: Robert B. Dove, Bob Dove * Secretary of the United States Senate, Secretary: Jo-Anne L. Coe * United States Senate Librarian, Librarian: Roger K. Haley * Secretary for the Majority of the United States Senate, Secretary for the Majority: Howard O. Greene Jr. * Secretary for the Minority of the United States Senate, Secretary for the Minority: David Pratt (secretary), David Pratt * Sergeant at Arms of the United States Senate, Sergeant at Arms: Larry E. Smith, until June 3, 1985 ** Ernest E. Garcia, from June 3, 1985

House of Representatives

* Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives, Chaplain: James David Ford (Lutheranism, Lutheran) * Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, Clerk: Benjamin J. Guthrie * Doorkeeper of the United States House of Representatives, Doorkeeper: James T. Molloy * Historian of the United States House of Representatives, Historian: Ray Smock * Reading Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, Reading Clerks: Meg Goetz (D) and Bob Berry (reading clerk), Bob Berry (R) * Parliamentarian of the United States House of Representatives, Parliamentarian: William Holmes Brown, William H. Brown * Postmaster of the United States House of Representatives, Postmaster: Robert V. Rota * Sergeant at Arms of the United States House of Representatives, Sergeant at Arms: Jack Russ