995

Year 995 ( CMXCV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Byzantine Empire

* Arab–Byzantine War: Emperor Basil II launches a counter-campaign against the

Fatimid Caliphate

. He leads a Byzantine expeditionary army (13,000 men) to aid the Hamdanid emir Sa'id al-Dawla – and crosses

Asia Minor

in only sixteen days. Basil lifts the

siege

of

Aleppo

, and takes over the Orontes Valley. He incorporates

Syria

into the

Byzantine Empire

(including the larger city of Antioch) which is the seat of its

eponymous Patriarch

.

Europe

* King

Eric VI

(the Victorious) dies at

Uppsala

, after a 25-year reign. He is succeeded by his son Olof Skötkonung, as the first

baptized

Christian ruler of

Sweden

.
* September 28 – Boleslaus II (the Pious), duke of Bohemia, storms

Libice

Castle and massacres the members of the Slavník Dynasty.
* Olaf Tryggvason is crowned king of

Norway

(until 1000) and builds the country's first

Christian

church.
* Malachy seizes the ring of Thor and captures

Dublin

for the third time.

Scotland

* King

Kenneth II

is murdered at a

banquet

by Lady Finella in Fettercairn. He is succeeded by his nephew Constantine III (a son of the late King Cuilén) as ruler of

Alba

(Scotland).

England

* Uhtred (the Bold), a son of Ealdorman Waltheof I of

Northumbria

, establishes an episcopal see at

Durham

and moves the monastic community of

Chester-le-Street

there.

Asia

* Goryeo-Khitan War: Negotiations led by the Korean diplomat Seo Hui prevents a fullscale invasion of the Khitan-led Liao Dynasty. King Seongjong accepts Liao's demands – and agrees to end the

alliance

with the Chinese Song Dynasty. Goryeo becomes a Liao tributary state, the Khitan army (60,000 men) withdraws while Seongjong orders the Korean border defenses strengthened.Twitchett, Denis; Tietze, Klaus-Peter (1994). ''The Cambridge History of China, Volume 6'', pp. 43–153. .

Armenia

* 995 Balu earthquake. It reportedly affected the Armenian areas of Balu, Cop'k (or Covk'), Palnatun (or Palin), and the districts of Hasteank and Xorjean. The areas affected were districts in what is currently the border area between

Armenia

and

Turkey

.Guidoboni, Traina, 1995, p. 126-127

Births

* Abu'l-Fadl Bayhaqi, Persian historian and writer (d. 1077)
* Cnut (the Great), king of

Denmark

,

Norway

and

England

(d. 1035)
* Dominic Loricatus, Italian priest and

hermit

(d. 1060)
* Frederick II, duke of

Upper Lorraine

(approximate date)
* Herman II, archbishop of Cologne (approximate date)
* Hemma of Gurk, German noblewoman (d. 1045)
*

Ogive of Luxembourg

, countess of Flanders (d. 1030)
* Olaf II Haraldsson (St. Olaf), king of Norway (d. 1030)
* Reginar V, French nobleman (approximate date)
*

Shaykh Tusi

, Persian Shia scholar (d. 1067)
* William I, Norman nobleman (approximate date)

Deaths

* March 30 – Sahib ibn Abbad, Persian statesman
* May 10 – Baldwin I (or Boudewijn), bishop of Utrecht
* May 16 –

Fujiwara no Michitaka

, Japanese nobleman (b. 953)
* June 13 – Fujiwara no Michikane, Japanese nobleman (b. 961)
* Abu 'Abdallah Muhammad, Afrighid ruler of Khwarezm
* Al-Mansur ibn Buluggin, Zirid ruler of Ifriqiyah
* Bernard I (the Suspicious), Frankish nobleman
*

Egill Skallagrímsson

, Viking poet (approximate date)
*

Eric VI

(the Victorious), Viking king of

Sweden

* García Fernández, count of Castile and

Álava

* Gebhard II, bishop of Constance (b. 949)
* Gerberga of Lorraine, Frankish noblewoman
* Haakon Sigurdsson, Viking ruler (''

jarl

'') of Norway
*

Henry II

(the Wrangler), duke of Bavaria (b. 951)
* Herbert III (the Younger), Frankish nobleman
*

Kenneth II

(the Fratricide), king of

Alba

(Scotland)
* Lady Finella, Scottish noblewoman and assassin
* Michitsuna no Haha, Japanese female poet
* Mstivoj, Obodrite prince (approximate date)
* Song, empress of the Song Dynasty (b. 952)

References

Sources

*

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