43 (forty-three) is the

natural number In mathematics, the natural numbers are those numbers used for counting (as in "there are ''six'' coins on the table") and ordering (as in "this is the ''third'' largest city in the country"). Numbers used for counting are called '' cardinal ...

following 42 and preceding 44.

In mathematics

Forty-three is the 14th smallest

prime number A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a Product (mathematics), product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime ...

. The previous is forty-one, with which it comprises a

twin prime A twin prime is a prime number that is either 2 less or 2 more than another prime number—for example, either member of the twin prime pair (41, 43). In other words, a twin prime is a prime that has a prime gap of two. Sometimes the term ''twin p ...

, and the next is forty-seven. 43 is the smallest prime that is not a Chen prime. It is also the third Wagstaff prime. 43 is the fourth term of

Sylvester's sequence In number theory, Sylvester's sequence is an integer sequence in which each term of the sequence is the product of the previous terms, plus one. The first few terms of the sequence are :2, 3, 7, 43, 1807, 3263443, 10650056950807, 11342371305542184 ...

, one more than the product of the previous terms (2 × 3 × 7). 43 is a centered heptagonal number. Let ''a'' = ''a'' = 1, and thenceforth ''a'' = (''a'' + ''a'' + ... + ''a''). This sequence continues 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 28, 154... . ''a'' is the first term of this sequence that is not an

integer An integer is the number zero (), a positive natural number (, , , etc.) or a negative integer with a minus sign ( −1, −2, −3, etc.). The negative numbers are the additive inverses of the corresponding positive numbers. In the languag ...

. 43 is a

Heegner number In number theory, a Heegner number (as termed by Conway and Guy) is a square-free positive integer ''d'' such that the imaginary quadratic field \Q\left sqrt\right/math> has class number 1. Equivalently, its ring of integers has unique factori ...

. 43 is the largest prime which divides the order of the Janko group J₄. 43 is a repdigit in base 6 (111). 43 is the number of triangles inside the

Sri Yantra The Sri Yantra, Shri Yantra, or Shri Chakra is a form of mystical diagram ('' yantra'') used in the Shri Vidya school of Hinduism. It consists of nine interlocking triangles - four upward ones which represent Shiva, and five downward ones repr ...

. 43 is the largest natural number that is not an (original) McNugget number. 43 is the smallest prime number expressible as the sum of 2, 3, 4, or 5 different primes: *43 = 41 + 2 *43 = 11 + 13 + 19 *43 = 2 + 11 + 13 + 17 *43 = 3 + 5 + 7 + 11 + 17. 43 is the smallest number with the property 43 = 4*prime(3) + 3*prime(3). Where prime(n) is the n-th prime number. There are only two numbers with that property, the other one is 127. When taking the first six terms of the

Taylor series In mathematics, the Taylor series or Taylor expansion of a function is an infinite sum of terms that are expressed in terms of the function's derivatives at a single point. For most common functions, the function and the sum of its Taylor ser ...

for computing e, one obtains :

\sum_^\frac=\frac=2+\frac,\

which is also

five 5 is a number, numeral, and glyph. 5, five or number 5 may also refer to: * AD 5, the fifth year of the AD era * 5 BC, the fifth year before the AD era Literature * ''5'' (visual novel), a 2008 visual novel by Ram * ''5'' (comics), an awa ...

minus the fifth

harmonic number In mathematics, the -th harmonic number is the sum of the reciprocals of the first natural numbers: H_n= 1+\frac+\frac+\cdots+\frac =\sum_^n \frac. Starting from , the sequence of harmonic numbers begins: 1, \frac, \frac, \frac, \frac, \do ...

. Every solvable configuration of the Fifteen puzzle can be solved in no more than 43 multi-tile moves (i.e. when moving two or three tiles at once is counted as one move)."The Fifteen Puzzle can be solved in 43 "moves""
Domain of the Cube Forum

In science

*The chemical element with the

atomic number The atomic number or nuclear charge number (symbol ''Z'') of a chemical element is the charge number of an atomic nucleus. For ordinary nuclei, this is equal to the proton number (''n''p) or the number of protons found in the nucleus of ever ...

43 is

technetium Technetium is a chemical element with the symbol Tc and atomic number 43. It is the lightest element whose isotopes are all radioactive. All available technetium is produced as a synthetic element. Naturally occurring technetium is a spontaneous ...

. It has the lowest atomic number of any element that does not possess stable isotopes.

Astronomy

Messier object The Messier objects are a set of 110 astronomical objects catalogued by the French astronomer Charles Messier in his ''Catalogue des Nébuleuses et des Amas d'Étoiles'' (''Catalogue of Nebulae and Star Clusters''). Because Messier was only in ...

M43, a magnitude 7.0

H II region An H II region or HII region is a region of interstellar atomic hydrogen that is ionized. It is typically in a molecular cloud of partially ionized gas in which star formation has recently taken place, with a size ranging from one to hundreds ...

in the

constellation A constellation is an area on the celestial sphere in which a group of visible stars forms a perceived pattern or outline, typically representing an animal, mythological subject, or inanimate object. The origins of the earliest constellation ...

of Orion, a part of the

Orion Nebula The Orion Nebula (also known as Messier 42, M42, or NGC 1976) is a diffuse nebula situated in the Milky Way, being south of Orion's Belt in the constellation of Orion. It is one of the brightest nebulae and is visible to the naked eye in the ni ...

, and also sometimes known as ''de Mairan's Nebula'' *The

New General Catalogue The ''New General Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars'' (abbreviated NGC) is an astronomical catalogue of deep-sky objects compiled by John Louis Emil Dreyer in 1888. The NGC contains 7,840 objects, including galaxies, star clusters and ...

br>object
NGC 43, a

barred spiral galaxy A barred spiral galaxy is a spiral galaxy with a central bar-shaped structure composed of stars. Bars are found in about two thirds of all spiral galaxies, and generally affect both the motions of stars and interstellar gas within spiral galaxies ...

in the constellation Andromeda

In sports

In auto racing: *The number for

Richard Petty Richard Lee Petty (born July 2, 1937), nicknamed "The King", is an American former stock car racing driver who raced from 1958 to 1992 in the former NASCAR Grand National and Winston Cup Series (now called the NASCAR Cup Series), most notably ...

's race car when he won his seven

Winston Cup The NASCAR Cup Series is the top racing series of the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR). The series began in 1949 as the Strictly Stock Division, and from 1950 to 1970 it was known as the Grand National Division. In 1971, ...

Championships. He also won 200 races in his career, 95% of them in the famous #43. *The maximum number of cars participating in a

NASCAR The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing, LLC (NASCAR) is an American auto racing sanctioning and operating company that is best known for stock car racing. The privately owned company was founded by Bill France Sr. in 1948, and ...

race in the

Cup Series The NASCAR Cup Series is the top racing series of the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR). The series began in 1949 as the Strictly Stock Division, and from 1950 to 1970 it was known as the Grand National Division. In 1971, ...

until 2016, and, through the 2012 season, the

Nationwide Series The NASCAR Xfinity Series (NXS) is a stock car racing series organized by NASCAR. It is promoted as NASCAR's second-tier circuit to the organization's top level Cup Series. NXS events are frequently held as a support race on the day prior to a ...

. In American football: *

Strong safety Safety is a position in gridiron football on the defense. The safeties are defensive backs who line up ten to fifteen yards from the line of scrimmage. There are two variations of the position: the free safety and the strong safety. Their du ...

Troy Polamalu Troy Aumua Polamalu (; born Troy Benjamin Aumua; April 19, 1981) is an American former football strong safety who played his entire 12-year career for the Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football ...

wore #43 for the

Pittsburgh Steelers The Pittsburgh Steelers are a professional American football team based in Pittsburgh. The Steelers compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the American Football Conference (AFC) North division. Founded in , the Steel ...

and played his entire NFL career with the team for eleven seasons (2003–2014).

Arts, entertainment, and media

Music

*The number of notes in Harry Partch's 43-tone scale of

just intonation In music, just intonation or pure intonation is the tuning of musical intervals as whole number ratios (such as 3:2 or 4:3) of frequencies. An interval tuned in this way is said to be pure, and is called a just interval. Just intervals (and ...

Popular culture

*'' Movie 43'' (2013) is a film consisting of a series of interconnected short stories, featuring some of the biggest stars in Hollywood, which make up the insane storylines a washed-up producer is pitching to a movie company. *In ''

The Big Bang Theory ''The Big Bang Theory'' is an American television sitcom created by Chuck Lorre and Bill Prady, both of whom served as executive producers on the series, along with Steven Molaro, all of whom also served as head writers. It premiered on CBS ...

'' episode "The 43 Peculiarity", Howard and Raj try to solve the mystery of Sheldon disappearing every afternoon to a room with a chalkboard that has the number 43 written on it. *In the children's TV show ''

Odd Squad ''Odd Squad'' (stylized as ''ODD SQUAD'') is a children's live action educational television series that premiered on TVOKids in Canada and PBS Kids in the United States on November 26, 2014. Similar to '' Cyberchase'' and '' Peg + Cat'', other ...

'', the number 43 is used as shorthand for the main villain of the first season, Odd Todd.

Literature

*Number 43, in ''

Sonnets from the Portuguese ''Sonnets from the Portuguese'', written ca. 1845–1846 and published first in 1850, is a collection of 44 love sonnets written by Elizabeth Barrett Browning. The collection was acclaimed and popular during the poet's lifetime and it remain ...

'' (1850), is one of Elizabeth Barrett Browning's most famous poems.

In other fields

Forty-three is: * +43, the code for direct dial international phone calls to Austria. * Bush 43, George W. Bush, 43rd President of the United States. * "43", a song by Level 42 on the album ''

Level 42 Level 42 is an English jazz-funk band formed on the Isle of Wight in 1979. They had a number of UK and worldwide hits during the 1980s and 1990s. Their highest-charting single in the UK was " Lessons in Love", which reached number three on th ...

''. * "43", a song by metal band

Mushroomhead Mushroomhead is an American heavy metal band from Cleveland, Ohio. Formed in 1993 in the Cleveland Warehouse District, the band is known for their avant-garde sound and horror film-inspired imagery which features masks and costumes as well a ...

on the albums ''

'' and '' XX''. * (aircraft carrier). * The name of a popular Spanish

liqueur A liqueur (; ; ) is an alcoholic drink composed of spirits (often rectified spirit) and additional flavorings such as sugar, fruits, herbs, and spices. Often served with or after dessert, they are typically heavily sweetened and un-aged beyon ...

, Cuarenta y tres, which is distilled with 43 different herbs and spices. * In the lyrics of at least two operas:

W. S. Gilbert Sir William Schwenck Gilbert (18 November 1836 – 29 May 1911) was an English dramatist, librettist, poet and illustrator best known for his collaboration with composer Arthur Sullivan, which produced fourteen comic operas. The most fam ...

's ''Trial by Jury'' and

Lorenzo Da Ponte Lorenzo Da Ponte (; 10 March 174917 August 1838) was an Italian, later American, opera librettist, poet and Roman Catholic priest. He wrote the libretti for 28 operas by 11 composers, including three of Mozart's most celebrated operas: ''The Marr ...

's ''Le nozze di Figaro''.

Notes

References

* Lehmer, Derrick, ''List of prime numbers from 1 to 10,006,721'', Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1914 * Wells, David, ''Prime Numbers: The Most Mysterious Figures in Math'', Wiley, 2005, * Crandall, Richard and Pomerance, Carl, ''Prime Numbers: A Computational Perspective'', Springer, 2005, * http://www.espncricinfo.com/south-africa-v-sri-lanka-2011/content/current/story/548918.html {{Integers, zero Integers