The 42nd Canadian Parliament was in session from December 3, 2015, to September 11, 2019, with the membership of its lower chamber, the
House of Commons of Canada
The House of Commons of Canada (french: Chambre des communes du Canada) is the lower house of the Parliament of Canada. Together with the Crown and the Senate of Canada, they comprise the bicameral legislature of Canada.
The House of Commons i ...
, having been determined by the results of the 2015 federal election held on October 19, 2015, and thirty new appointees to its Upper House, the Senate of Canada. Parliament officially resumed on December 3, 2015, with the election of a new
Speaker
Speaker may refer to:
Society and politics
* Speaker (politics), the presiding officer in a legislative assembly
* Public speaker, one who gives a speech or lecture
* A person producing speech: the producer of a given utterance, especially:
** In ...
Speech from the Throne
A speech from the throne, or throne speech, is an event in certain monarchies in which the reigning sovereign, or a representative thereof, reads a prepared speech to members of the nation's legislature when a session is opened, outlining th ...
George Furey
George J. Furey (born May 12, 1948) is a Canadian politician who has served as the speaker of the Senate of Canada since December 3, 2015. Furey was appointed as a senator from Newfoundland and Labrador in 1999 and is the longest-serving member ...
, who was appointed Speaker of the Canadian Senate on the advice of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, to replace
Leo Housakos
Leonidas Housakos (born January 10, 1968) is a Canadian politician who has served as the senator for Wellington, Quebec since January 8, 2009. A member of the Conservative Party, Housakos was appointed on the advice of Prime Minister Stephen Ha ...
Julie Payette
Julie Payette (; born October 20, 1963) is a Canadian engineer, scientist and former astronaut who served from 2017 to 2021 as Governor General of Canada, the 29th since Canadian Confederation.
Payette holds engineering degrees from McGill ...
Among the more significant pieces of legislation adopted in the 42nd Parliament was Bill C-14, passed with a
free vote
A conscience vote or free vote is a type of vote in a legislative body where legislators are allowed to vote according to their own personal conscience rather than according to an official line set down by their political party. In a parliamenta ...
, as the government's response to '' Carter v Canada''; it inserted the term "medical assistance in dying" into the ''Criminal Code'' and made provisions for adult Canadians to engage in the practice. Bill C-16 added "gender identity or expression" to the list of prohibited grounds of discrimination in the ''
Canadian Human Rights Act
The ''Canadian Human Rights Act'' (french: Loi canadienne sur les droits de la personne) is a statute passed by the Parliament of Canada in 1977 with the express goal of extending the law to ensure equal opportunity to individuals who may be vi ...
'' and the list of characteristics of identifiable groups protected from hate propaganda in the
Criminal Code
A criminal code (or penal code) is a document that compiles all, or a significant amount of a particular jurisdiction's criminal law. Typically a criminal code will contain offences that are recognised in the jurisdiction, penalties that might ...
– with only 40 Conservative Party members, who were all granted a free vote, opposed the bill. With all party support, the ''Accessible Canada Act'' (Bill C-81) created the Canadian Accessibility Standards Development Organization and the positions of Accessibility Commissioner as a member of the Human Rights Commission and Chief Accessibility Officer as an adviser to the minister responsible for accessibility. The '' Cannabis Act'' (Bill C-45) created a
legal framework
A legal doctrine is a framework, set of rules, procedural steps, or test, often established through precedent in the common law, through which judgments can be determined in a given legal case. A doctrine comes about when a judge makes a ruling ...
that allows for recreational use of cannabis by adults. Bill C-69 repealed and replaced the ''
Canadian Environmental Assessment Act
The ''Canadian Environmental Assessment Act, 2012'' (CEAA 2012) (the ''Act'') and its regulations established the legislative basis for the federal practice of environmental assessment in most regions of Canada from 2012 to 2019. It was repealed w ...
'' and the '' National Energy Board Act'' with the ''Impact Assessment Act'' and the ''Canadian Energy Regulator Act'', respectively, and renamed the ''Navigation Protection Act'' to the ''
Canadian Navigable Waters Act
The ''Canadian Navigable Waters Act'' (the ''Act'') (formerly the ''Navigation Protection Act'' and beforehand the ''Navigable Waters Protection Act'') is one of the oldest regulatory statutes enacted by the Parliament of Canada. It requires appro ...
'' with new considerations for what constitutes 'navigable water'. With only the Conservative Party opposed, Bill C-55 amended the ''Oceans Act'' to require the use of the precautionary principle in establishing a
marine protected area
Marine protected areas (MPA) are protected areas of seas, oceans, estuaries or in the US, the Great Lakes. These marine areas can come in many forms ranging from wildlife refuges to research facilities. MPAs restrict human activity for a cons ...
s and added the maintenance of ecological integrity as a reason for their establishment. In November 2018 Bill C-89 ended a strike action by employees of
Canada Post
Canada Post Corporation (french: Société canadienne des postes), trading as Canada Post (french: Postes Canada), is a Crown corporation that functions as the primary postal operator in Canada. Originally known as Royal Mail Canada (the opera ...
.
In modernizing existing legislation, the ''Transportation Modernization Act'' (Bill C-49) amended the ''Canada Transportation Act'' to, among other things, implement long-haul interswitching as a permanent mechanism in the rail industry, exclude revenue from interswitching and from the movement of grain in containers on flatcars from
Canadian National Railway
The Canadian National Railway Company (french: Compagnie des chemins de fer nationaux du Canada) is a Canadian Class I freight railway headquartered in Montreal, Quebec, which serves Canada and the Midwestern and Southern United States.
CN i ...
and
Canadian Pacific Railway
The Canadian Pacific Railway (french: Chemin de fer Canadien Pacifique) , also known simply as CPR or Canadian Pacific and formerly as CP Rail (1968–1996), is a Canadian Class I railway incorporated in 1881. The railway is owned by Canadi ...
's maximum revenue entitlement,; require railway companies to keep up-to-date plans for each of their railway lines and to publicly report on their abilities to move a given summer's grain crop along with a winter contingency plans, raise the foreign ownership limits for Canadian airlines from 25% to 49% of an airline's voting interest with the new rule that no single foreign investor may own more than 25%, expand the review of joint ventures in the airline industry to also include the public interest and fair competition practices; the bill also amended several other transportation-related acts including the ''CN Commercialization Act'' to increase the individual ownership limit in
Canadian National Railway
The Canadian National Railway Company (french: Compagnie des chemins de fer nationaux du Canada) is a Canadian Class I freight railway headquartered in Montreal, Quebec, which serves Canada and the Midwestern and Southern United States.
CN i ...
from 15% to 25%, and the ''Railway Safety Act'' to require the installation of locomotive voice and video recorders onto trains. Bill C-23 repealed the ''Preclearance Act, 1999'' and replaced it with the ''Preclearance Act, 2016'' Bill C-59 modernized national security matters by adopting four new acts titled the ''National Security and Intelligence Review Agency Act'', the ''Avoiding Complicity in Mistreatment by Foreign Entities Act'' and the '' Intelligence Commissioner Act'' and ''Communications Security Establishment Act'', in addition to making amendments to the '' Canadian Security Intelligence Service Act'', ''Security of Canada Information Sharing Act'' and ''Secure Air Travel Act''. Bill C-25 variously amended the ''
Canada Business Corporations Act
The ''Canada Business Corporations Act'' (CBCA; french: Loi canadienne sur les sociétés par actions) is an act of the Parliament of Canada regulating Canadian business corporations. Corporations in Canada may be incorporated federally, under t ...
'', ''Canada Cooperatives Act'', and ''Canada Not‑for‑profit Corporations Act'' to, among other things, allow more online tools to be used to disseminate required information to shareholders in notice and access systems, to require certain types of corporations to disclose to shareholders the composition of their boards and senior management, as well as their diversity policies or the statement that they do not have a diversity policy. The bill also prohibited businesses from issuing bearer forms of share certificates and share warrants and modified how directors of certain corporations and cooperatives are elected: that they must be elected individually, not as a slate or a group of candidates, and reduce maximum term lengths from 3 to 1 years. Bill C-57 updated how Canada's Sustainable Development Strategy is implemented. Bill C-78 updated the '' Divorce Act'' and two other related acts, as well as brought them in line with international standards of the Child Protection Convention and Child Support Convention.
On public safety and crime, Bill C-46 inserted new provisions into the
Criminal Code
A criminal code (or penal code) is a document that compiles all, or a significant amount of a particular jurisdiction's criminal law. Typically a criminal code will contain offences that are recognised in the jurisdiction, penalties that might ...
regarding drug–impaired driving and the ability of peace officers to use drug screening equipment and random breath testing. On animal cruelty, Bill C-84 expanded the Criminal Code's provisions against cockpits to include any "arena for animal fighting" and in response to the Supreme Court of Canada findings in ''R. v. D.L.W.'', added a definition for bestiality. Bill C-75, generally seeking to address court delays and promote fair and efficient trails but also included multiple other amendments, removed the allowance of
peremptory challenge
In American and Australian law, the right of peremptory challenge is a right in jury selection for the attorneys to reject a certain number of potential jurors without stating a reason. Other potential jurors may be challenged for cause, i.e. b ...
, allowed warrants to be acted upon anywhere in Canada rather than only in its originating province, added new provisions for videoconference by judges and court participants, restricted the use of preliminary inquiries to only cases involving offences punishable by life imprisonment, reclassified an additional 115 offenses as hybrid offenses so that they may be prosecuted either as summary convictions or as indictable offences, increased the maximum penalty for summary convictions to two years imprisonment, and deleted or amended offenses from the Criminal Code that the Supreme Court found to be unconstitutional (abortion in ''
R v Morgentaler
''R v Morgentaler'', 9881 SCR 30 was a decision of the Supreme Court of Canada which held that the abortion provision in the '' Criminal Code'' was unconstitutional because it violated women's rights under section 7 of the ''Canadian Charter o ...
'', vagrancy in ''
R v Heywood ''R v Heywood'' 1994 3 S.C.R. 761 is a leading Supreme Court of Canada decision on the concept of fundamental justice in section seven of the Charter. The Court found that section 179(1)(b) of the Criminal Code for vagrancy was overbroad and thus ...
'', spreading false news in '' R v Zundel'', anal intercourse in ''R v CM'', and those offenses in ''
R v Martineau
''R v Martineau'', 9902 SCR 633 is a leading Supreme Court of Canada case on the ''mens rea'' requirement for murder.
Background
One evening in February 1985, Patrick Tremblay and 15-year-old Mr. Martineau set out to rob a trailer owned by the M ...
''). Bill C-51 repealed or modified provisions within the ''
Criminal Code
A criminal code (or penal code) is a document that compiles all, or a significant amount of a particular jurisdiction's criminal law. Typically a criminal code will contain offences that are recognised in the jurisdiction, penalties that might ...
'' found to be unconstitutional or obsolete, including those against dueling,
blasphemous libel
Blasphemous libel was originally an offence under the common law of England. Today, it is an offence under the common law of Northern Ireland, but has been abolished in England and Wales, and repealed in Canada and New Zealand. It consists of t ...
,
witchcraft
Witchcraft traditionally means the use of magic or supernatural powers to harm others. A practitioner is a witch. In medieval and early modern Europe, where the term originated, accused witches were usually women who were believed to have ...
,
crime comics
Crime comics is a genre of American comic book, American comic books and format of crime fiction. The genre was originally popular in the late 1940s and early 1950s and is marked by a moralistic editorial tone and graphic depictions of violence a ...
and
trading stamps
Trading stamps are small paper stamps given to customers by merchants in loyalty programs that predate the modern loyalty card. Like the similarly-issued retailer coupons, these stamps only had a minimal cash value of a few mils (thousandths of a ...
and, in response to ''
R v JA
''R v JA'' is a criminal law decision of the Supreme Court of Canada regarding consent in cases of sexual assaults. The court found that a person can only consent to sexual activity if they are conscious throughout that activity. If a person b ...
'', clarified that an unconscious person is unable to grant consent to sexual activity. The ''Expungement of Historically Unjust Convictions Act'' (Bill C-66) allows the Parole Board of Canada to expunge historical convictions related to gross indecency, buggery or
anal intercourse
Anal sex or anal intercourse is generally the insertion and thrusting of the erect penis into a person's anus, or anus and rectum, for sexual pleasure.Sepages 270–271for anal sex information, anpage 118for information about the clitoris. O ...
. Bill C-93 created a process in the ''
Criminal Records Act
The ''Criminal Records Act'' (the ''Act'') is a piece of Canadian legislation intended to provide for the relief of persons who have been convicted of offences and have subsequently rehabilitated themselves. It became law in 1985.
The purpose of ...
'' to allow individuals convicted of possession of cannabis before its legalization to request a record suspension. Partially in response to recent court decisions on solitary confinement and the recommendations of the Ashley Smith inquest, Bill C-83 replaced the system of administrative and disciplinary segregation in federal prisons with "structured intervention units". Bill C-71 amended the '' Firearms Act'' to delete the 5-year limitation on background checks, mandate that sellers verify a
licence
A license (or licence) is an official permission or permit to do, use, or own something (as well as the document of that permission or permit).
A license is granted by a party (licensor) to another party (licensee) as an element of an agreeme ...
before selling a non‑restricted firearm, require sellers to maintain records of sales, require that automatic authorization to transport documents specify destinations and repeals the
Governor in Council
The King-in-Council or the Queen-in-Council, depending on the gender of the reigning monarch, is a constitutional term in a number of states. In a general sense, it would mean the monarch exercising executive authority, usually in the form of ap ...
's ability to reclassify specific firearms between restricted and non-restricted. Bill C-71 also undid the provisions in the ''Economic Action Plan 2015 Act, No. 1'' exempting the ''Ending the Long‑gun Registry Act'' from the '' Privacy Act'', ''
Access to Information Act
Access may refer to:
Companies and organizations
* ACCESS (Australia), an Australian youth network
* Access (credit card), a former credit card in the United Kingdom
* Access Co., a Japanese software company
* Access Healthcare, an Indian BPO se ...
'' and the ''
Library and Archives of Canada Act
Library and Archives Canada (LAC; french: Bibliothèque et Archives Canada) is the federal institution, tasked with acquiring, preserving, and providing accessibility to the documentary heritage of Canada. The national archive and library is t ...
''; and allows Quebec access to the Canadian Firearms Registry Data as requested in ''
Quebec (AG) v Canada (AG)
is a Canadian constitutional law case concerning the federal government's ability to destroy information related to the Canadian long-gun registry pursuant to the federal criminal law power.
Background
In 1995, Parliament passed the '' Fire ...
''.
Responding to other legislation adopted during the previous parliament, Bill C-37, removed some of the obstacles to
supervised injection site
Supervised injection sites (SIS) are medically supervised facilities designed to provide a hygienic environment in which people are able to consume illicit recreational drugs intravenously and prevent deaths due to drug overdoses. The legality o ...
s that the previous parliament's ''Respect for Communities Act'' had put in place and replaced the previous government's National Anti-Drug Strategy with the new Canadian Drugs and Substances Strategy, mostly centered on the opioid epidemic. Bill C-6 amended or repealed parts of the previous parliament's ''Strengthening Canadian Citizenship Act'' including the ability to revoke citizenship based on national security, the requirement that applicants for citizenship aged 14 to 18 and 55 to 64 to prove adequate knowledge Canada and of an official language, the residency requirement increase from three years to four years, the disallowance of time spent as temporary resident as contributing to the residency requirement, and the condition of citizenship that the applicant must intend to reside in Canada. Bill C-6 kept, but modified or expanded, ''Strengthening Canadian Citizenship Act''s prohibition that time spent imprisoned does not contribute to the residency requirement, that an imprisoned applicant may not be granted citizenship, and that citizenship applicants must file tax returns during their residency requirement. In addition to adding a purpose statement to the ''Fisheries Act'', Bill C-68 restored the provision against the harmful alteration, disruption or destruction of fish habitat that the '' Jobs, Growth and Long-term Prosperity Act'' had deleted. Bill C-4 repealed two private member bills adopted in the last parliament concerning union voting and financial reporting. Preparing for the 2016 Census, and in response to the previous government's involvement in the 2011 Census, Bill C-36 amended the ''Statistics Act'' to provide more independence to the Chief Statistician, remove imprisonment as a penalty for not responding to a census, and replacing the National Statistics Council with the Canadian Statistics Advisory Council. Bills C-17 and C-88 amended the previous parliament's ''Yukon and Nunavut Regulatory Improvement Act'' and the '' Northwest Territories Oil and Gas Operations Act'', respectively, to address certain objections to the previous legislation. Bill C-62 restored or addressed changes made by the previous parliament to the ''Federal Public Sector Labour Relations Act'' regarding the determination of essential services, the ability to select between arbitration and conciliation to resolve collective bargaining disputes, and matters related to sick and disability leave.
Following through with international agreements, Bill C-11 implemented the
Marrakesh VIP Treaty
The Marrakesh VIP Treaty (formally the Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Persons who are Blind, Visually Impaired or Otherwise Print Disabled, colloquially Marrakesh Treaty or MVT) is a treaty on copyright adopted in M ...
Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement
The Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) is a free-trade agreement between Canada and the European Union and its member states. It has been provisionally applied, thus removing 98% of the preexisting tariffs between the two parts.
...
(Bill C-30) and the Trans-Pacific Partnership (Bill C-79) were implemented with only Liberals and Conservatives in support. Fulfilling a condition to ending
Trump tariffs
The Trump tariffs are a series of United States tariffs imposed during the presidency of Donald Trump as part of his " America First" economic policy to reduce the United States trade deficit by shifting American trade policy from multilatera ...
on steel and aluminum, Bill C-101 suspended, until 2021, the moratorium on trade safeguards. Further integrating the principles of the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, the ''Indigenous Languages Act'' (Bill C-91) created the Office of the Commissioner of Indigenous Languages to support the efforts of Indigenous peoples in maintaining Indigenous languages and Bill C-92 expanded the what is considered the
best interests
Best interests or best interests of the child is a child rights principle, which derives from Article 3 of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, which says that “in all actions concerning children, whether undertaken by public or private ...
of an Indigenous child in the provision of child and family services to include the child's traditions, customs and language. With only Liberal Party support, Bill C-7 was adopted as the government's response to the Supreme Court's ruling in ''Mounted Police Association of Ontario v. Canada (Attorney General)'', allowing RCMP members to have certain
collective bargaining
Collective bargaining is a process of negotiation between employers and a group of employees aimed at agreements to regulate working salaries, working conditions, benefits, and other aspects of workers' compensation and rights for workers. The i ...
Access to Information Act
Access may refer to:
Companies and organizations
* ACCESS (Australia), an Australian youth network
* Access (credit card), a former credit card in the United Kingdom
* Access Co., a Japanese software company
* Access Healthcare, an Indian BPO se ...
'' to insert a new purpose statement, insert in requirements to make requests, allow
bad faith
Bad faith (Latin: ''mala fides'') is a sustained form of deception which consists of entertaining or pretending to entertain one set of feelings while acting as if influenced by another."of two hearts ... a sustained form of deception which ...
or vexatious requests to be refused, and require proactive publication of certain information (e.g. travel expenses, hospitality expenses, etc.) Bill C-10 amended the ''Air Canada Public Participation Act'' to expand where
Air Canada
Air Canada is the flag carrier and the largest airline of Canada by the size and passengers carried. Air Canada maintains its headquarters in the borough of Saint-Laurent, Montreal, Quebec. The airline, founded in 1937, provides scheduled and ...
's maintenance centres may be located to the general provinces of Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec, rather than the specific cities of Winnipeg, Mississauga and Montreal. With only the Conservative Party and Bloc Québécois opposed, Bill C-50 created new reporting requirements for political fundraising events attended by a party leader or a minister and expanded the reporting of leadership campaign expenses.
Financial measures
Regarding financial measures, Bill C-2 amended the ''Income Tax Act'' to lower federal tax paid on income between $45,283 and $90,563 from 22% to 20.5% and introduce a new top tax bracket that applies a rate of 33% to a person's income in excess of $200,000. The bill also re-instated the $5,500 annual limit to Tax-Free Savings Account contributions which the previous parliament had raised to $10,000. Bill C-26 amended the
Canada Pension Plan
The Canada Pension Plan (CPP; french: Régime de pensions du Canada) is a contributory, earnings-related social insurance program. It forms one of the two major components of Canada's public retirement income system, the other component being Old ...
to create the Additional Canada Pension Plan Account and to increase the maximum level of pensionable earnings.
The legislative changes resulting from the 2016 budget were implemented in Bill C-15 and Bill C-29 and included replacing the Canada Child Tax Benefit and Universal Child Care Benefit with the Canada Child Benefit, repealing the Family Tax Cut (income splitting) Credit, Education Tax Credit, Textbook Tax Credit, Children's Arts Tax Credit, Child Fitness Tax Credit, creating the School Supplies Tax Credit, exempting insulin pens, intermittent urinary catheters and feminine hygiene products from GST/HST, allowing a charity or athletic association to hold up to 20% interest in a
limited partnership
A limited partnership (LP) is a form of partnership similar to a general partnership except that while a general partnership must have at least two general partners (GPs), a limited partnership must have at least one GP and at least one limited p ...
business, and expanding the definition of "Canadian exploration expense" to include environmental studies and community consultations conducted as a condition of obtaining a licence or permit. The
Canadian Forces
}
The Canadian Armed Forces (CAF; french: Forces armées canadiennes, ''FAC'') are the unified military forces of Canada, including sea, land, and air elements referred to as the Royal Canadian Navy, Canadian Army, and Royal Canadian Air Force.
...
disability award and death benefit were raised to $360,000; the rates for Northern Residents Deduction were increased by 33%; and employment insurance benefits were temporarily extended for high unemployment areas (e.g. the northern areas of the provinces of Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan and BC, the cities of Sudbury and Whitehorse, and most of the provinces of Alberta and Newfoundland and Labrador). Bill C-15 also repealed the previous parliament's ''Federal Balanced Budget Act'' and rolled back its age eligibility for the
Old Age Security
The Old Age Security (OAS) (SV; french: Sécurité de la vieillesse) program is a universal retirement pension available to most residents and citizens of Canada who have reached 65 years old. This pension is supplemented by the Guaranteed Income ...
pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement from 67 to 65 years old.
The legislative changes resulting from the 2017 budget were implemented in Bill C-44 and Bill C-63 Among the changes was the phasing out of the
Canada Savings Bond
The Canada Savings Bond was an investment instrument offered by the Government of Canada from 1945 to 2017, sold between early October and December 1 of every year. It was issued by the Bank of Canada and was intended to offer a competitive intere ...
program, making vehicle for hire companies subject to GST/HST, exempting naloxone from GST/HST, eliminating of the Public Transit Tax Credit and Investment Tax Credit for Child Care Spaces, eliminating the GST/HST rebate for non-residents using Canadian accommodations as part of a tour package, increasing the excise tax on tobacco products and tying increases of the excise tax on alcoholic products to the
consumer price index
A consumer price index (CPI) is a price index, the price of a weighted average market basket of consumer goods and services purchased by households. Changes in measured CPI track changes in prices over time.
Overview
A CPI is a statistic ...
, and allowing mark-to-market accounting to be used for income tax calculations in forward rate and swap agreements. Bill C-44 included, within it, the ''Canada Infrastructure Bank Act'' to invest directly or attract private investment in infrastructure projects that are anticipated to generate revenue and be in the public interest, and the ''Invest in Canada Act'' which created the new
crown corporation
A state-owned enterprise (SOE) is a Government, government entity which is established or nationalised by the ''national government'' or ''provincial government'' by an executive order or an act of legislation in order to earn Profit (econom ...
called Invest in Canada Hub to promote foreign direct investment and created the ''Service Fees Act'' to replace the ''User Fees Act''. Bill C-63 included, within it, the ''Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank Agreement Act'' so Canada could join the
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) is a multilateral development bank that aims to improve economic and social outcomes in Asia. The bank currently has 105 members, including 14 prospective members from around the world. The br ...
, repealed the ''Timber Marking Act'', and created the ''Canadian Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act'' to replace the ''Agreement on Internal Trade Implementation Act''.
The legislative changes resulting from the 2018 budget were implemented in Bill C-74 and Bill C-86. Among the changes was making
cannabis
''Cannabis'' () is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cannabaceae. The number of species within the genus is disputed. Three species may be recognized: ''Cannabis sativa'', '' C. indica'', and '' C. ruderalis''. Alternativel ...
subject to an
excise duty
file:Lincoln Beer Stamp 1871.JPG, upright=1.2, 1871 U.S. Revenue stamp for 1/6 barrel of beer. Brewers would receive the stamp sheets, cut them into individual stamps, cancel them, and paste them over the Bunghole, bung of the beer barrel so when ...
, requiring the excise duty on tobacco products be adjusted for inflation every year instead of every five years, reducing the small business tax rate from 10.5% to and to 9%, removing the requirement for a risk score to
Canadian Armed Forces
}
The Canadian Armed Forces (CAF; french: Forces armées canadiennes, ''FAC'') are the unified military forces of Canada, including sea, land, and air elements referred to as the Royal Canadian Navy, Canadian Army, and Royal Canadian Air Force. ...
personnel and police officers serving on international missions to qualify for tax relief on income earned while deployed, amending the ''Veterans Well-being Act'' to merge four benefit programs to create the new Income Replacement Benefit and replacing the Disability Award with a new 'pain and suffering compensation', renaming the 'Working Income Tax Benefit' to the 'Canada Workers Benefit' while increasing its rate from 25% to 26%, expanding the Medical Expense Tax Credit to cover the costs of caring for a
service animal
Various definitions exist for a service animal. The Americans with Disabilities Act defines the term as "dogs that are individually trained to do work or perform tasks for people with disabilities". Dogs are the most common service animals, havi ...
benefiting those living with a severe mental impairment, extending the Mineral Exploration Tax Credit by one year, extending the accelerated capital cost allowance program for clean energy generation and energy conservation equipment to 2025, expanding who is subject to Tax-on-Split-Income rules, creates the office of the Chief Information Officer of Canada, extends the provincial equalization payments program to 2024, and inserted provisions for deferred prosecution agreements into the Criminal Code. Bill C-74 included, within it, the ''
Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act
The ''Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act'' (french: Loi sur la tarification de la pollution causée par les gaz à effet de serre) is a Canadian federal law establishing a set of minimum national standards for carbon pricing in Canada to mee ...
'' which created national standards for
carbon pricing in Canada
Carbon pricing in Canada is implemented either as a regulatory fee or tax levied on the carbon content of fuels at the Canadian provincial, territorial or federal level. Provinces and territories of Canada are allowed to create their own system ...
(i.e. a fuel charge and a fee on industrial emissions) and implemented a backstop federal system in jurisdictions where carbon pricing is not implemented by the provincial or territorial government.
The legislative changes resulting from the 2019 budget were implemented in Bill C-97. Among the changes was the creation of the Canada Training Credit and the Digital News Subscription Tax Credit, a 5-year extension of the Mineral Exploration Tax Credit, financial incentives for purchasing specified clean energy equipment and zero-emissions vehicles, exempting GST/HST from applying to supplies and imports of human
ova
, abbreviated as OVA and sometimes as OAV (original animation video), are Japanese animated films and series made specially for release in home video formats without prior showings on television or in theaters, though the first part of an OVA s ...
and imports of human in vitroembryos, allowing non-profit news organizations to issue charitable receipts, eliminating the requirement to complete an application to enroll into the
Canada Pension Plan
The Canada Pension Plan (CPP; french: Régime de pensions du Canada) is a contributory, earnings-related social insurance program. It forms one of the two major components of Canada's public retirement income system, the other component being Old ...
, allowing recipients of the
Old Age Security
The Old Age Security (OAS) (SV; french: Sécurité de la vieillesse) program is a universal retirement pension available to most residents and citizens of Canada who have reached 65 years old. This pension is supplemented by the Guaranteed Income ...
to earn $5,000 of income without deductions, creating a First-Time Home Buyer Incentive administered by CHMC, creating a six-month interest-free period on
student loans
A student loan is a type of loan designed to help students pay for post-secondary education and the associated fees, such as tuition, books and supplies, and living expenses. It may differ from other types of loans in the fact that the interest r ...
, and redirecting revenue raised from carbon pricing to the areas where it was raised. Bill C-97 also amended the ''Canada Business Corporations Act'' to add the interests retirees and pensioners to the list of factors to be considered in the best interests of corporations, and to require certain classes of corporations to disclose to their shareholders prescribed information on the diversity and remuneration of their directors and senior management and the well-being of employees and pensioners. Non-financial or business related amendments within Bill C-97 include a modernization of the ''Pilotage Act'', increasing the number of judges on the Federal Court, making a provision which prevents people from making a refugee claim if they have already made a refugee claim in another country and inserting the
Thaidene Nëné National Park Reserve
Thaidene Nene National Park Reserve (from the Dene, this Chipewyan name means ''land of our ancestors'') is a national park in the vicinity of the east arm of Great Slave Lake, located on the northern edge of the boreal forest of Canada in the N ...
into the ''Canada National Parks Act''. Bill C-97 included within it the enactment of several other acts, including the ''Poverty Reduction Act'', the ''National Housing Strategy Act'', the ''College of Immigration and Citizenship Consultants Act'', the ''Security Screening Services Commercialization Act'', the ''Federal Prompt Payment for Construction Work Act''.
Private member bills
Ten private member bills received royal assent, with only Bill C-210 not receiving unanimous support:
*
Mauril Bélanger
Mauril Adrien Jules Bélanger (June 15, 1955 – August 15, 2016) was a Canadian politician.
A member of the Liberal Party of Canada, he represented Ottawa—Vanier in the House of Commons through a by-election victory in 1995 until his death ...
's ''An Act to amend the National Anthem Act (gender)'' (Bill C-210) replaces the words "in all thy sons command" to "in all of us command" in the English version of the national anthem,
* Todd Doherty's ''Federal Framework on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Act'' (Bill C-211) requires the Minister of Health to prepare a framework for tracking incidence rates and for establishing guidelines for diagnosing, treating and managing
post-traumatic stress disorder
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental and behavioral disorder that can develop because of exposure to a traumatic event, such as sexual assault, warfare, traffic collisions, child abuse, domestic violence, or other threats on a ...
,
*
Ron McKinnon
Ronald McKinnon (born August 8, 1951) is a Canadian politician, who was elected to represent the riding of Coquitlam—Port Coquitlam in the House of Commons of Canada in the 2015 federal election, and was re-elected in 2019 and 2021.
Early l ...
's ''Good Samaritan Drug Overdose Act'' (Bill C-224) amends the ''
Controlled Drugs and Substances Act
The ''Controlled Drugs and Substances Act'' (french: Loi réglementant certaines drogues et autres substances) (the ''Act'') is Canada's federal drug control statute. Passed in 1996 under Prime Minister Jean Chrétien's government, it repeal ...
'' to provide immunity from drug possession charges when seeking help to address an overdose,
* Rob Nicholson's ''National Strategy for Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias Act'' (Bill C-233) requires the Minister of Health develop and implement a national strategy to address aspects of dementia in the
healthcare system
Health care or healthcare is the improvement of health via the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, amelioration or cure of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in people. Health care is delivered by health profe ...
,
* Darren Fisher's ''National Strategy for Safe and Environmentally Sound Disposal of Lamps Containing Mercury Act'' (Bill C-238) requires the Minister of the Environment develop a national strategy for the disposal tube and compact fluorescent light bulbs,
*
Marilyn Gladu
Marilyn Gladu (''née'' McInerney; born 1962) is a Canadian politician who has been the Conservative Member of Parliament for Sarnia—Lambton since 2015. She was elected to the House of Commons in the 2015 Canadian federal election and served i ...
's ''Framework on Palliative Care in Canada Act'' (Bill C-277) requires the Minister of Health prepare a framework for improving access and delivery of
palliative care
Palliative care (derived from the Latin root , or 'to cloak') is an interdisciplinary medical caregiving approach aimed at optimizing quality of life and mitigating suffering among people with serious, complex, and often terminal illnesses. Wit ...
,
*
Chandra Arya
Chandrakanth "Chandra" Arya (born 1963) is an Indian-born-Canadian Liberal politician, who was elected to represent the riding of Nepean in the House of Commons of Canada in the 2015 federal election and subsequently re-elected in the 2019 f ...
's ''An Act to amend the Criminal Code (mischief)'' (Bill C-305) expands the scope of the
Criminal Code
A criminal code (or penal code) is a document that compiles all, or a significant amount of a particular jurisdiction's criminal law. Typically a criminal code will contain offences that are recognised in the jurisdiction, penalties that might ...
provisions relating to acts of mischief motivated by hate on religious property to also cover educational institutions, community centres, sports or recreational facilities and a residence for seniors,
* Sven Spengemann's ''Gender Equality Week Act'' (Bill C-309) names the fourth week in September in every year Gender Equality Week,
*
Colin Fraser Colin Fraser may refer to:
* Colin Fraser (Australian politician) (died 1877), Australian politician
* Colin Fraser (Canadian politician) (born 1978), Canadian politician
*Colin Fraser (ice hockey)
Colin Fraser (born January 28, 1985) is a Canadi ...
's ''An Act to amend the Holidays Act (Remembrance Day)'' (Bill C-311) adds the word ''legal'' to the act.
*
Sukh Dhaliwal
Sukhminder "Sukh" Singh Dhaliwal (born October 1, 1960) is a Canadian businessman and politician, who has served as the Liberal Member of Parliament for Surrey—Newton since 2015. He was previously the Member of Parliament for Newton—North D ...
's ''Sikh Heritage Month Act'' (Bill C-376) names April of every year Sikh Heritage Month.
Senate bills
On behalf of the government, senate government bills included the ''Strengthening Motor Vehicle Safety for Canadians Act'' (Bill S-2) which amended the ''Motor Vehicle Safety Act'' to allow the
Minister of Transport
A ministry of transport or transportation is a ministry responsible for transportation within a country. It usually is administered by the ''minister for transport''. The term is also sometimes applied to the departments or other government ag ...
to order a motor vehicle company to issue a
recall
Recall may refer to:
* Recall (bugle call), a signal to stop
* Recall (information retrieval), a statistical measure
* ''ReCALL'' (journal), an academic journal about computer-assisted language learning
* Recall (memory)
* ''Recall'' (Overwatc ...
, rather than allow the process to be at the manufacturer's discretion; Bill S-3 which amended the '' Indian Act'' as the government's response to a Quebec Superior Court ruling finding sex-based inequities in the
Indian Register
The Indian Register is the official record of people registered under the ''Indian Act'' in Canada, called status Indians or ''registered Indians''. People registered under the ''Indian Act'' have rights and benefits that are not granted to othe ...
to be contrary to the
Charter of Rights and Freedoms
The ''Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms'' (french: Charte canadienne des droits et libertés), often simply referred to as the ''Charter'' in Canada, is a bill of rights entrenched in the Constitution of Canada, forming the first part o ...
; Bills S-4 and S-6 which implemented
tax treaties
A tax treaty, also called double tax agreement (DTA) or double tax avoidance agreement (DTAA), is an agreement between two countries to avoid or mitigate double taxation. Such treaties may cover a range of taxes including income taxes, inheritance ...
with Israel, Taiwan and Madagascar; and Bill S-5 renamed the ''Tobacco Act'' to the ''Tobacco and Vaping Products Act'' and introduced provisions relating to vaping products, such as a prohibition to selling or marketing to minors, plain packaging requirements and restrictions on advertising. Among the other bills initiated in the senate that were adopted by the parliament, Bill S-208 made May 20 of each year National Seal Products Day, Bill S-211 made June 19 of each year National Sickle Cell Awareness Day, Bill S-218 made October of every year Latin American Heritage Month, Bill S-232 made May of every year Canadian Jewish Heritage Month, and Bill S-236 simply states
Charlottetown
Charlottetown is the capital and largest city of the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island, and the county seat of Queens County. Named after Queen Charlotte, Charlottetown was an unincorporated town until it was incorporated as a city in 1 ...
is the birthplace of Confederation. Other Senate public bills included the ''Justice for Victims of Corrupt Foreign Officials Act'' (
Sergei Magnitsky
Sergei Leonidovich Magnitsky (russian: Сергeй Леонидович Магнитский, ; 8 April 1972 – 16 November 2009) was a Ukrainian-born Russian tax advisor responsible for exposing corruption and misconduct by Russian gover ...
Law) which allows the Governor-in-Council to seize property situated in Canada of a foreign national believed to be involved in extrajudicial killings or violations of internationally recognized human rights, and the ''Journalistic Sources Protection Act'' (Bill S-231) which allows journalists to object to an order to reveal a source of information and have the objection weighed by a court judge in light of public interest and rights to privacy. The ''Genetic Non-Discrimination Act'' (Bill S-201) was adopted with the Conservative Party, NDP and Green Party in favour; Liberal Party members were granted a free vote though the prime-minister urged members to oppose the bill, as presented, based on concerns of inconsistency with the Constitution. The act makes it a criminal offence to require an individual to undergo a genetic test, or to disclose the results of such a test, as a condition of providing goods or services, with exceptions for health care practitioners and researchers.
Canadian Ministry
The
29th Canadian Ministry
The Twenty-Ninth Canadian Ministry is the Cabinet of Canada, Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister of Canada, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, that began governing Canada shortly before the opening of the 42nd Parliament of Canada, 42nd Parliament. ...
began with the 42nd Parliament and was sworn in by Gov. Gen.
David Johnston
David Lloyd Johnston (born June 28, 1941) is a Canadian academic, author, and statesman who served from 2010 to 2017 as Governor General of Canada, the 28th since Canadian Confederation. He is the commissioner of the Leaders' Debates Commiss ...
on November 4, 2015. It was the first
Cabinet of Canada
The Cabinet of Canada (french: Cabinet du Canada) is a body of ministers of the Crown that, along with the Canadian monarch, and within the tenets of the Westminster system, forms the government of Canada. Chaired by the prime minister, the C ...
to have an equal number of men and women. Prime Minister Trudeau appointed
Bill Morneau
William Francis Morneau Jr. (born October 7, 1962) is a Canadian businessman and former Liberal Party politician who served as minister of finance and member of Parliament (MP) for Toronto Centre from 2015 to 2020.
Morneau was executive chai ...
Jody Wilson-Raybould
Jody Wilson-Raybould (born March 23, 1971), also known by her initials JWR and by her Kwak’wala name Puglaas, is a Canadian lawyer and former politician who served as the member of Parliament (MP) for the British Columbia (BC) riding of Va ...
as
Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada
The minister of justice and attorney general of Canada () is a dual-role portfolio in the Canadian Cabinet.
The officeholder in the role of Minister of Justice () serves as the minister of the Crown responsible for the Department of Justice a ...
,
Jane Philpott
Jane Philpott (née Little; born November 23, 1960) is a physician, academic administrator, and former Canadian politician who represented the riding of Markham—Stouffville in the House of Commons. Philpott was first elected in the 2015 fe ...
as
Minister of Health A health minister is the member of a country's government typically responsible for protecting and promoting public health and providing welfare and other social security services.
Some governments have separate ministers for mental health.
Coun ...
,
Catherine McKenna
Catherine Mary McKenna (born August 5, 1971) is a Canadian lawyer and former politician who served as a Cabinet minister from 2015 to 2021. A member of the Liberal Party, McKenna was the minister of environment and climate change from 2015 to ...
Harjit Sajjan
Harjit Singh Sajjan (, ; born September 6, 1970) is a Canadian politician who has served as the minister of international development since October 26, 2021. A member of the Liberal Party, Sajjan represents the British Columbia (BC) riding o ...
Ralph Goodale
Ralph Edward Goodale (born October 5, 1949) is a Canadian diplomat and retired politician who has served as the Canadian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom since April 19, 2021.
Goodale was first elected in 1974 as the member of Parliame ...
as
Minister of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness
The minister of public safety (french: ministre de la sécurité publique) is the minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet responsible for overseeing Public Safety Canada, the internal security department of the Government of Canada. The p ...
The first change to the membership of the 29th Ministry occurred with the May 31, 2016, resignation of Hunter Tootoo as Minister of Fisheries, Oceans, and the Canadian Coast Guard so that he can sit as an independent MP; he was replaced by
Dominic LeBlanc
Dominic A. LeBlanc (born December 14, 1967) is a Canadian lawyer and politician who has served as the minister of intergovernmental affairs since 2020 and also became the minister of infrastructure and communities in 2021. A member of the Libe ...
. The second change in membership came with the January 10, 2017, retirements of
Foreign Affairs
''Foreign Affairs'' is an American magazine of international relations and U.S. foreign policy published by the Council on Foreign Relations, a nonprofit, nonpartisan, membership organization and think tank specializing in U.S. foreign policy a ...
John McCallum
John McCallum (born 9 April 1950) is a Canadian politician, economist, diplomat and former university professor. A former Liberal Member of Parliament ( MP), McCallum was the Canadian Ambassador to China from 2017 to 2019. He was asked for h ...
. The Prime Minister promoted
Ahmed Hussen
Ahmed Hussen ( so, Axmed Xuseen; born 1976) is a Canadian lawyer and politician who has been serving as the minister of housing and diversity and inclusion since October 26, 2021. A member of the Liberal Party, Hussen has also sat as the memb ...
François-Philippe Champagne
François-Philippe Champagne (born June 25, 1970) is a Canadian politician who has been Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry since 2021. Champagne was formerly the Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2019 to 2021. He was elected to represe ...
being promoted to replace Freeland at International Trade. In that same cabinet shuffle MaryAnn Mihychuk was removed from cabinet and
Karina Gould
Karina Gould (born June 28, 1987) is a Canadian politician who has been the minister of families, children and social development since October 26, 2021. A member of the Liberal Party, she serves as a member of Parliament (MP) and has represen ...
Maryam Monsef
Maryam Monsef ( fa, مریم منصف) (born Monsefzadeh; November 7, 1984) is an Afghan Canadian former politician. She first was elected to represent the riding of Peterborough—Kawartha as a Liberal member the House of Commons of Canada ...
replacing Hajdu as
Minister of Status of Women
The minister for women and gender equality and youth () a minister of the Crown and member of the Canadian Cabinet. The position is responsible for the Department for Women and Gender Equality and the youth portfolio is associated with the Depar ...
, and Gould taking over Monsef's role as
Minister of Democratic Institutions
The Minister of Democratic Institutions (french: Ministre des Institutions démocratiques) was a Minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet, associated with the Privy Council Office. The position was first created in 2003 as "Minister respon ...
.
An August 28, 2017, cabinet shuffle instigated by Judy Foote,
Minister of Public Services and Procurement
The minister of public services and procurement (french: ministre des services publics et de l’approvisionnement) is the minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet who is responsible for overseeing the Government of Canada's "common service ...
, resigning as an MP due to health concerns, saw Foote replaced by
Minister of Sport and Persons with Disabilities
The minister of Sport is a Government of Canada cabinet minister responsible for Sport Canada (and sports in Canada, more generally), who typically assists the minister of Canadian Heritage.
The specific name of the ministerial designation has ch ...
Carla Qualtrough
Carla Dawn Qualtrough (; born October 15, 1971) is a Canadian politician and former Paralympic swimmer who is the minister of employment, workforce development and disability inclusion since 2019. Qualtrough has sat as the member of Parliamen ...
, with
Kent Hehr
Kent Hehr (born December 16, 1969) is a Canadian politician from Alberta. He was elected as the Liberal Member of Parliament for the riding of Calgary Centre in the 2015 federal election. Hehr was named Minister of Veterans Affairs in the f ...
becoming Sports minister and Seamus O'Regan being promoted to take over Hehr's role as Minister of Veterans Affairs. In that same cabinet shuffle Philpott moved to the newly created
Minister of Indigenous Services
The minister of Indigenous services (french: ministre des services aux autochtones) is a minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet. The minister is responsible for Indigenous Services Canada (ISC), the department of the Government of Canad ...
with
Ginette Petitpas Taylor
Marie Ginette Petitpas Taylor (born 1968 or 1969) is a Canadian politician who was elected to represent the riding of Moncton—Riverview—Dieppe in the House of Commons of Canada in the 2019 federal election. She is a member of the Liberal P ...
being promoted to replace Philpott as Health minister. On January 25, 2018, Hehr resigned from cabinet following accusations of inappropriate behaviour and was replaced by
Kirsty Duncan
Kirsty Ellen Duncan (born October 31, 1966) is a Canadian politician and medical geographer from Ontario, Canada. Duncan is the Member of Parliament (MP) for the Toronto riding of Etobicoke North and Duncan serves as deputy leader of the gover ...
Ahmed Hussen
Ahmed Hussen ( so, Axmed Xuseen; born 1976) is a Canadian lawyer and politician who has been serving as the minister of housing and diversity and inclusion since October 26, 2021. A member of the Liberal Party, Hussen has also sat as the memb ...
's portfolio.
Jonathan Wilkinson
Jonathan Wilkinson (born June 11, 1965) is a Canadian politician who has served as the minister of natural resources since 2021. A member of the Liberal Party, Wilkinson was elected as the member of Parliament (MP) for North Vancouver in 201 ...
Dominic LeBlanc
Dominic A. LeBlanc (born December 14, 1967) is a Canadian lawyer and politician who has served as the minister of intergovernmental affairs since 2020 and also became the minister of infrastructure and communities in 2021. A member of the Libe ...
Carolyn Bennett
Carolyn Ann Bennett (born December 20, 1950) is a Canadian physician and politician who has served as minister of mental health and addictions, and associate minister of health since October 26, 2021. A member of the Liberal Party, she has rep ...
Marie-Claude Bibeau
Marie-Claude Bibeau (born April 4, 1970) is a Canadian politician who was elected to represent the riding of Compton—Stanstead in the House of Commons in the 2015 federal election. A member of the Liberal Party of Canada, she was sworn in ...
and Tourism from Bardish Chagger's portfolio. While Chagger remained
Leader of the Government in the House of Commons
The leader of the government in the House of Commons (), more commonly known as the government house leader, is the Cabinet minister responsible for planning and managing the government's legislative program in the House of Commons of Canada. D ...
her responsibility for Small Business went to
Mary Ng
Mary Ng (born December 16, 1969) is a Canadian politician serving as Minister of International Trade, Export Promotion, Small Business and Economic Development since 2018. A member of the Liberal Party of Canada, she has been the member of Par ...
Jean-Yves Duclos
Jean-Yves Duclos (; born 1965) is a Canadian economist and politician who has served as Minister of Health since 2021 under Prime Minister Justin Trudeau. A member of the Liberal Party of Canada, he has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Qu� ...
portfolio.
Jim Carr
James Gordon Carr (October 11, 1951 – December 12, 2022) was a Canadian politician, cabinet minister, journalist, and professional oboist. A member of the Liberal Party, he served as the member of Parliament for Winnipeg South Centre from 2 ...
François-Philippe Champagne
François-Philippe Champagne (born June 25, 1970) is a Canadian politician who has been Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry since 2021. Champagne was formerly the Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2019 to 2021. He was elected to represe ...
Amarjeet Sohi
Amarjeet Sohi (born March 8, 1964) is a Canadian politician serving as the 36th and current mayor of Edmonton since October 26, 2021. Sohi previously sat as a member of Parliament (MP) and served in the federal Cabinet from 2015 to 2018 as the ...
who took over Carr's role as Minister of Natural Resources.
A shuffle on January 14, 2019, instigated by the resignation of
Scott Brison
Scott A. Brison (born May 10, 1967) is a Canadian former politician from Nova Scotia. Brison served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for the riding of Kings-Hants from the 1997 federal election until July 2000, then from November 2000 to Febru ...
,
President of the Treasury Board
The president of the Treasury Board () is a minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet. The president is the chair of the Treasury Board of Canada (a committee of Cabinet in the Privy Council) and is the minister responsible for the Treasury B ...
, saw Jane Philpott move from Minister of Indigenous Services to replace Brison, with Seamus O'Regan filling her former position and Jody Wilson-Raybould replacing him as Minister of Veterans Affairs. Both
David Lametti
David T. Lametti (born August 10, 1962) is a Canadian politician who has been the minister of justice and attorney general of Canada since 2019. A member of the Liberal Party, Lametti sits as a member of Parliament (MP) and has represented L ...
and Bernadette Jordan were promoted to cabinet from parliamentary secretary roles; Lametti to replace Wilson-Raybould as Minister of Justice and Attorney General and Jordan to fill the new role of Minister of Rural Economic Development. Amidst the
SNC-Lavalin affair
The SNC-Lavalin affair () was a political scandal involving attempted political interference with the justice system by the Prime Minister of Canada, Justin Trudeau, and the Prime Minister's Office (PMO). The Parliament of Canada's Ethics C ...
Wilson-Raybould and Philpott resigned their cabinet positions and were replaced by
Lawrence MacAulay
Lawrence A. MacAulay (born September 9, 1946) is a Canadian politician, who has represented the riding of Cardigan, Prince Edward Island in the House of Commons since 1988.
On June 11, 1997, he joined the cabinet of Prime Minister Jean Chrét ...
and
Joyce Murray
Joyce Murray (born July 11, 1954) is a Canadian politician, businesswoman and environmental advocate. A member of the Liberal Party of Canada, she has represented the riding of Vancouver Quadra in the House of Commons since 2008. She was re- ...
, respectively, with
Marie-Claude Bibeau
Marie-Claude Bibeau (born April 4, 1970) is a Canadian politician who was elected to represent the riding of Compton—Stanstead in the House of Commons in the 2015 federal election. A member of the Liberal Party of Canada, she was sworn in ...
taking over MacAulay's former role as
Minister of Agriculture
An agriculture ministry (also called an) agriculture department, agriculture board, agriculture council, or agriculture agency, or ministry of rural development) is a ministry charged with agriculture. The ministry is often headed by a minister ...
and
Maryam Monsef
Maryam Monsef ( fa, مریم منصف) (born Monsefzadeh; November 7, 1984) is an Afghan Canadian former politician. She first was elected to represent the riding of Peterborough—Kawartha as a Liberal member the House of Commons of Canada ...
adding Bibeau's
International Development
International development or global development is a broad concept denoting the idea that societies and countries have differing levels of economic or human development on an international scale. It is the basis for international classifications ...
duties to her existing duties as Minister of Status of Women.
Senate
At the beginning of the 42nd Parliament, the senate consisted of 83 members, 47 of which caucused with the Conservative Party and 29 with the Senate Liberal Caucus. Of those who left the Senate during the 42nd Parliament, 18 had reached the mandatory retirement age, including 10 Conservatives and the last remaining senator appointed by Pierre Trudeau, and 11 voluntarily resigned, including 7 Liberals. One senator ( Tobias Enverga) died while in office. The new Prime-Minister's first appointment to the senate was, in March 2016, Peter Harder to act as the Government Representative. To move the senate towards more independence, the Prime-Minister established the
Independent Advisory Board for Senate Appointments The Independent Advisory Board for Senate Appointments is an independent, non-partisan body established by Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau to provide merit-based recommendations on nominations to the Senate of Canada. The body was established ...
to provide merit-based recommendations. Based on their first set of recommendations, Premier Trudeau appointed 6 new senators in April, including chairman of the
Truth and Reconciliation Commission
A truth commission, also known as a truth and reconciliation commission or truth and justice commission, is an official body tasked with discovering and revealing past wrongdoing by a government (or, depending on the circumstances, non-state act ...
Murray Sinclair
Calvin Murray Sinclair, (born Mizanay (Mizhana) Gheezhik; January 24, 1951) is a former member of the Canadian Senate and First Nations lawyer who served as chairman of the Indian Residential Schools Truth and Reconciliation Commission from 2 ...
, former NDP provincial minister
Frances Lankin
Frances Lankin, (born April 16, 1954), is a Canadian senator, former president and CEO of United Way Toronto, and a former Ontario MPP and cabinet minister in the NDP government of Bob Rae between 1990 and 1995. From 2010 to 2012, she co-chair ...
, journalist
André Pratte
André Pratte (born May 12, 1957) is a Canadian journalist and former senator who represented the De Salaberry division in Quebec. Before being appointed to the Senate by Prime Minister Justin Trudeau on March 18, 2016, Pratte was a journalist for ...
, Paralympian
Chantal Petitclerc
Chantal Petitclerc (born December 15, 1969) is a Canadian wheelchair racer and a Senator from Quebec.
Early life
At the age of 13, Petitclerc lost the use of both legs in an accident when at a friend's farm, a heavy barn door fell on her, fr ...
, and academics
Raymonde Gagné
Raymonde Gagné (born January 7, 1956) is a Canadian politician and academic who was named to the Senate of Canada to represent Manitoba on March 18, 2016.
Prior to her appointment to the Senate, Gagné was a longtime faculty member and preside ...
and Ratna Omidvar. In the meantime, between November 2015 and March 2016, four Conservative, two Liberals and the last remaining Progressive Conservative senator had changed their party standing to non-affiliated. A further three Senate Liberals and one Conservative went independent between April and July, before the Prime-Minister appointed the next set of senators in November, 17 in total, based on the recommendations of the Independent Advisory Board, and all of whom sat as "non-affiliated". These senators included Éric Forest, bankers
Sabi Marwah
Sarabjit (Sabi) Singh Marwah (born July 12, 1951) is a former member of the Canadian Senate. He is a former vice chairman and chief operating officer of Scotiabank, retiring in 2014 after 35 years with the bank where he began his career as a fina ...
Gwen Boniface
Gwenneth (Gwen) M. Boniface (born August 5, 1955) is a Canadian politician who serves as a senator from Ontario since November 10, 2016, sitting as a member of the Independent Senators Group (ISG). A former lawyer and police officer, she was ...
, academics or doctors
Yuen Pau Woo
Yuen Pau Woo (born March 2, 1963) is a Canadian politician and academic who has served as a senator from British Columbia (BC) since 2016. He was previously facilitator of the Independent Senators Group (ISG), taking on the role from September 20 ...
Patricia Bovey
Patricia E. Bovey (born May 15, 1948) is a Canadian art historian from Manitoba. Bovey was the director of the Art Gallery of Greater Victoria (1980–1999) and the Winnipeg Art Gallery (1999–2004); art consultant (2004–2016); founder and di ...
, lawyers
Marilou McPhedran
Marilou McPhedran (born July 22, 1951) is a Canadian lawyer and human rights advocate. In October 2016, McPhedran was named to the Senate of Canada by Prime Minister Justin Trudeau to sit as an independent.
She was the Principal (dean) of the ...
Marc Gold
Marc Gold (born June 30, 1950) is Canadian law professor and politician who has served as Representative of the Government in the Senate since 2020. Gold has sat as the senator for Stadacona, Quebec since he was appointed on the advice of Prim ...
Raymonde Saint-Germain
Raymonde Saint-Germain (born October 7, 1951) is a Canadian public servant and an independent member of the Senate of Canada. At the time of her appointment, Saint Germain was the Quebec ombudsperson. She was nominated for appointment to the S ...
, and artist
René Cormier
René Cormier (born April 27, 1956) is a Canadian Acadian artist and activist from New Brunswick. On October 27, 2016, Cormier was named to the Senate of Canada by Prime Minister Justin Trudeau to sit as an independent. Cormier assumed his seat ...
. Also during that time, the Independent Senators Group was founded, in March 2016, as a non-partisan parliamentary group and on December 2, 2016, 33 non-affiliated members joined to form inaugural membership of Independent Senators Group. Trudeau appointed two more senators,
Rosa Galvez
Rosa Galvez (born June 21, 1961) is a Canadian Senator from Quebec. At the time of her appointment, she was a professor at Laval University and head of the university's Department of Civil Engineering and Water Engineering. Her appointment to th ...
and
Daniel Christmas
Daniel Christmas (born September 10, 1956) is a Canadian Senator.
Christmas is from the Mi’kmaw First Nation of Membertou in Nova Scotia. As part of a group of community leaders, he helped turn Membertou from being nearly bankrupt into one o ...
, in December 2016 and three in all of 2017, Mary Coyle, dentist
Mary Jane McCallum
Mary Jane McCallum (born 1952) is a Senate of Canada, Canadian Senator representing Manitoba.
Early life and education
McCallum was born on May 1, 1952. She attended a Canadian Indian residential school system, residential school from the age o ...
Paula Simons
Paula Simons (born September 7, 1964) is a Canadian senator. She previously worked as a journalist and was a columnist for the ''Edmonton Journal'' in Edmonton, Alberta. She sits as a senator representing Alberta in the Senate of Canada, and is p ...
Pat Duncan
Pat Duncan (born April 8, 1960) is a Canadian politician from Yukon. Duncan served as leader of the Yukon Liberal Party from 1998 to 2005 and as the sixth premier of Yukon from 2000 until 2002. Duncan was the first Liberal premier of the Yukon ...
.
Members
Representation by Province/Territory
House of Commons
For background on the current representation, see:
#The representation acts in the
List of Canadian constitutional documents
The Constitution of Canada is a large number of documents that have been entrenched in the constitution by various means. Regardless of how documents became entrenched, together those documents form the supreme law of Canada; no non-constitution ...
#Elections Canada's history on the representation formula (including the 1985 Representation Act, but any subsequent acts such as the 1999 Constitution Act or the 2011 Fair Representation Act).
#Canadian Parliamentary Review's proposal for fairer representation for small provinces (around the time of the 2011 representation formula revision).
Senate
Officeholders
The officers of Parliament as of the dissolution of the 42nd Parliament are set out below.
George Furey
George J. Furey (born May 12, 1948) is a Canadian politician who has served as the speaker of the Senate of Canada since December 3, 2015. Furey was appointed as a senator from Newfoundland and Labrador in 1999 and is the longest-serving member ...
, Non-affiliated Senator for Newfoundland & Labrador. (Dec 3, 2015 – Present)
*
Speaker of the House of Commons Speaker of the House of Commons is a political leadership position found in countries that have a House of Commons, where the membership of the body elects a speaker to lead its proceedings.
Systems that have such a position include:
*Speaker of ...
Anthony Rota
Anthony Michael Gerard Rota (born May 15, 1961) is a Canadian politician who is the 37th and current speaker of the House of Commons of Canada since 2019. A member of the Liberal Party, he currently serves as the member of Parliament (MP) for ...
, Liberal member for
Nipissing—Timiskaming
Nipissing—Timiskaming is a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 2004. The riding was formed by the amalgamation of the former Nipissing riding with the southeastern p ...
Leader of Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition
The Leader of His Majesty's Most Loyal Opposition, more commonly referred to as the Leader of the Opposition, is the person who leads the Official Opposition in the United Kingdom. The position is seen as the shadow head of government of the Uni ...
: (Conservative)
**Hon. Rona Ambrose (interim, November 5, 2015 – May 27, 2017)
**Hon.
Andrew Scheer
Andrew James Scheer (born May 20, 1979) is a Canadian politician who has served as the member of Parliament (MP) for Regina—Qu'Appelle since 2004. Scheer served as the 35th speaker of the House of Commons from 2011 to 2015, and was the lea ...
Thomas Mulcair
Thomas may refer to:
People
* List of people with given name Thomas
* Thomas (name)
* Thomas (surname)
* Saint Thomas (disambiguation)
* Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) Italian Dominican friar, philosopher, and Doctor of the Church
* Thomas the A ...
(until October 1, 2017)
**
Jagmeet Singh
Jagmeet Singh Jimmy Dhaliwal ( ; born January 2, 1979) is a Canadian politician who has served as the leader of the New Democratic Party (NDP) since 2017. Singh has sat as the member of Parliament (MP) for Burnaby South since 2019.Guy Caron
Guy Caron (born May 13, 1968) is a Canadian politician, who was elected the mayor of Rimouski, Quebec in the 2021 Quebec municipal elections. He was previously a member of the House of Commons of Canada from 2011 to 2019, and served as the federa ...
( Parliamentary leader between October 4, 2017, and March 17, 2019)
* Leader of the
Bloc Québécois
The Bloc Québécois (BQ; , " Quebecer Bloc") is a federal political party in Canada devoted to Quebec nationalism and the promotion of Quebec sovereignty. The Bloc was formed by Members of Parliament (MPs) who defected from the federal Prog ...
:
** Rhéal Fortin (interim, October 22, 2015 – March 18, 2017)
** Martine Ouellet (March 18, 2017 – June 13, 2018) (from outside of the House)
**
Mario Beaulieu
Mario A. Beaulieu (; born February 1, 1959) is a Canadian politician. An advocate for nationalism in Quebec, he served as leader (2014–2015), interim leader (2018–2019) and president (2014–2018) of the Bloc Québécois (BQ); Beaulieu ...
(interim, June 13, 2018 – January 17, 2019)
**
Yves-François Blanchet
Yves-François Blanchet (; born April 16, 1965) is a Canadian politician who has served as leader of the Bloc Québécois (BQ) since 2019. He has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Beloeil—Chambly since the 2019 election.
Before federal ...
(January 17, 2019 – present) (from outside of the House)
* Leader of the Green Party:
Elizabeth May
Elizabeth Evans May (born June 9, 1954) is a Canadian politician, environmentalist, author, activist, and lawyer who is serving as the leader of the Green Party of Canada since 2022, and previously served as the leader from 2006 to 2019. Sh ...
Maxime Bernier
Maxime Bernier (born January 18, 1963) is a Canadian politician who is the founder and leader of the People's Party of Canada (PPC). Formerly a member of the Conservative Party, Bernier left the caucus in 2018 to form the PPC. He was the membe ...
Floor leaders
Senate
*
Representative of the Government in the Senate
The representative of the Government in the Senate (french: représentant du gouvernement au Sénat) is the member of the Senate of Canada who is responsible for introducing, promoting, and defending the government's bills in the Senate after th ...
Claude Carignan
Claude Carignan (born December 4, 1964) is a Canadian lawyer and politician. He was leader of the Conservative Party in the Senate of Canada, first as Leader of the Government in the Senate from 2013 to 2015 and then as Senate Opposition ...
(until March 31, 2017)
** Hon. Larry Smith (from April 1, 2017)
* Facilitator of the
Independent Senators Group
The Independent Senators Group (ISG; french: Groupe des sénateurs indépendants) is a parliamentary group in the Senate of Canada. Established on March 10, 2016, the Independent Senators Group (ISG) is committed to a non-partisan Senate and the ...
:
**
Elaine McCoy
Elaine Jean McCoy (March 7, 1946December 29, 2020) was a Canadian politician from Alberta. She was a member of the Senate of Canada.
In 2005, McCoy was appointed to the Senate. She designated herself a member of the Progressive Conservative ...
(September 27, 2016 – September 25, 2017)
**
Yuen Pau Woo
Yuen Pau Woo (born March 2, 1963) is a Canadian politician and academic who has served as a senator from British Columbia (BC) since 2016. He was previously facilitator of the Independent Senators Group (ISG), taking on the role from September 20 ...
(September 25, 2017 – present)
* Leader of the
Senate Liberal Caucus
The Senate Liberal Caucus (french: Caucus libéral du Sénat), also known as the Senate Liberals (french: libéraux au Sénat), was, from 2014 to 2019, a parliamentary grouping in the Senate of Canada made up of independent senators who were indi ...
:
** Hon. Jim Cowan (January 29, 2014 – June 15, 2016)
** Hon. Joseph A. Day (June 15, 2016 – present)
House of Commons
*
Government House Leader
The leader of the government in the House of Commons (), more commonly known as the government house leader, is the Cabinet minister responsible for planning and managing the government's legislative program in the House of Commons of Canada. D ...
:
** Hon.
Dominic LeBlanc
Dominic A. LeBlanc (born December 14, 1967) is a Canadian lawyer and politician who has served as the minister of intergovernmental affairs since 2020 and also became the minister of infrastructure and communities in 2021. A member of the Libe ...
Andrew Scheer
Andrew James Scheer (born May 20, 1979) is a Canadian politician who has served as the member of Parliament (MP) for Regina—Qu'Appelle since 2004. Scheer served as the 35th speaker of the House of Commons from 2011 to 2015, and was the lea ...
(November 18, 2015 – September 15, 2016)
** Hon.
Candice Bergen
Candice Patricia Bergen (born May 9, 1946) is an American actress. She won five Primetime Emmy Awards and two Golden Globe Awards for her portrayal of the title character on the CBS sitcom ''Murphy Brown'' (1988–1998, 2018). She is also know ...
(September 15, 2016 – present)
* NDP House Leader:
** Peter Julian (October 24, 2017 – January 24, 2018)
** Ruth Ellen Brosseau (January 31, 2018 – present)
* Bloc Québécois House Leader:
**
Luc Thériault
Luc Thériault (born January 31, 1960) is a Canadian academic and politician.Adam, Melanie (March 26, 2007)Luc Thériault : une longue journée.'' Le Trait d'Union'' As a member of the Parti Québécois, he served as a Member of the National ...
(October 22, 2015 – March 18, 2017)
** Gabriel Ste-Marie (March 19, 2017 – February 26, 2018)
Whips
Senate
* Chief Government Liaison: Hon. Grant Mitchell
* Deputy Government Liaison: Hon. Nick Sibbeston
* Chief Opposition Whip: Hon.
Don Plett
Donald Neil Plett (born May 14, 1950) is a Canadian senator who has served as the leader of the Opposition in the Canadian Senate since November 5, 2019. He is the founding president of the National Council of the Conservative Party of Canada a ...
* Deputy Opposition Whip: Hon. David Wells
* Senate Liberal Whip:
** Hon. Jim Munson (until September 28, 2016)
** Hon.
Percy Downe
Percy E. Downe (born July 8, 1954) is a Canadian Senator and former political aide.
Since graduating from the University of Prince Edward Island in 1977, Downe has had the opportunity to serve at the provincial and federal levels of Canadian Gov ...
(September 28, 2016 – Present)
* Deputy Senate Liberal Whip: Hon. Libbe Hubley
House of Commons
*
Chief Government Whip
The Chief Whip is a political leader whose task is to enforce the whipping system, which aims to ensure that legislators who are members of a political party attend and vote on legislation as the party leadership prescribes.
United Kingdom
...
:
** Hon. Andrew Leslie (November 4, 2015 – January 18, 2017)
** Hon. Pablo Rodríguez (January 19, 2017 – Present)
* Deputy Government Whip:
** Hon.
Ginette Petitpas Taylor
Marie Ginette Petitpas Taylor (born 1968 or 1969) is a Canadian politician who was elected to represent the riding of Moncton—Riverview—Dieppe in the House of Commons of Canada in the 2019 federal election. She is a member of the Liberal P ...
Gord Brown
Gordon Keith Brown (August 31, 1960 – May 2, 2018) was a Canadian politician who represented the Ontario riding of Leeds—Grenville—Thousand Islands and Rideau Lakes in the House of Commons of Canada as a member of the Conservative Part ...
(November 11, 2015 – July 19, 2018)
**
Mark Strahl
Mark R. Strahl (born March 26, 1978) is a Canadian politician. He is the current Conservative Member of Parliament for the riding of Chilliwack—Hope.
Career
Starting as an intern in Ottawa with Opposition Leader Preston Manning, Strahl also ...
(July 20, 2018 – Present)
* Deputy Chief Opposition Whip:
** Dave MacKenzie (November 11, 2015 – August 28, 2017)
**
John Brassard
John Brassard (born May 11, 1964) is a Canadian politician, who was elected to represent the riding of Barrie—Innisfil in the House of Commons of Canada in the 2015 Canadian federal election. Brassard is a former firefighter.
Political career ...
Liberal Party
The Liberal Party is any of many political parties around the world. The meaning of ''liberal'' varies around the world, ranging from liberal conservatism on the right to social liberalism on the left.
__TOC__ Active liberal parties
This is a li ...
Caucus Chair:
Francis Scarpaleggia
Francis Scarpaleggia (born June 6, 1957 in Montreal, Quebec) is a Canadian politician. He is a member of the Liberal Party of Canada and Member of Parliament for the riding of Lac-Saint-Louis, which encompasses the west of the island of Montre ...
Daniel Blaikie
Daniel Blaikie is a Canadian politician who was elected to represent the riding of Elmwood—Transcona in the House of Commons of Canada in the 2015 Canadian federal election as a member of the New Democratic Party (NDP). He is the New Democr ...
(January 24, 2017 – Present)
Shadow cabinets
*
Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet of the 42nd Parliament of Canada
The Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet in Canada is composed of Members of Parliament of the main Opposition party responsible for holding the Government to account and for developing and disseminating the party's policy positions. Members of th ...
Canadian Heritage
The Department of Canadian Heritage, or simply Canadian Heritage (french: Patrimoine canadien), is the department of the Government of Canada that has roles and responsibilities related to initiatives that promote and support "Canadian identity ...
National Defence
National security, or national defence, is the security and defence of a sovereign state, including its citizens, economy, and institutions, which is regarded as a duty of government. Originally conceived as protection against military attac ...
Status of Women
Women's rights are the rights and entitlements claimed for women and girls worldwide. They formed the basis for the women's rights movement in the 19th century and the feminist movements during the 20th and 21st centuries. In some countries, ...
Veterans Affairs
Veterans' affairs is an area of public policy concerned with relations between a government and its communities of military veterans. Some jurisdictions have a designated government agency or department, a Department of Veterans' Affairs, Minist ...
Electoral Reform
Electoral reform is a change in electoral systems which alters how public desires are expressed in election results. That can include reforms of:
* Voting systems, such as proportional representation, a two-round system (runoff voting), instant ...
*Chair:
Francis Scarpaleggia
Francis Scarpaleggia (born June 6, 1957 in Montreal, Quebec) is a Canadian politician. He is a member of the Liberal Party of Canada and Member of Parliament for the riding of Lac-Saint-Louis, which encompasses the west of the island of Montre ...
Alexandre Boulerice
Alexandre Boulerice (born 1973) is a Canadian politician who has represented the riding of Rosemont—La Petite-Patrie in the House of Commons of Canada as a member of the New Democratic Party (NDP) since the 2011 election. He is currently the ...
Gérard Deltell
Gérard Deltell (born August 8, 1964) is a Canadian politician who has served as the member of Parliament (MP) for Louis-Saint-Laurent since 2015. A member of the Conservative Party, Deltell was Opposition House Leader from 2020 to 2022 under ...
*
Elizabeth May
Elizabeth Evans May (born June 9, 1954) is a Canadian politician, environmentalist, author, activist, and lawyer who is serving as the leader of the Green Party of Canada since 2022, and previously served as the leader from 2006 to 2019. Sh ...
Sherry Romanado
Sherry Romanado (born April 12, 1974) is a school administrator, public relations officer and Canadian politician. She is a Canadian politician, who was elected to represent the riding of Longueuil—Charles-LeMoyne in the House of Commons o ...
*
Ruby Sahota
Ruby Sahota (born June 22) is a Canadian Liberal politician who was elected as a Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada to represent the federal riding Brampton North during the 2015 Canadian federal election.
Early life and edu ...
*
Luc Thériault
Luc Thériault (born January 31, 1960) is a Canadian academic and politician.Adam, Melanie (March 26, 2007)Luc Thériault : une longue journée.'' Le Trait d'Union'' As a member of the Parti Québécois, he served as a Member of the National ...
Pay Equity
*Chair:
Anita Vandenbeld
Anita M. Vandenbeld (born December 3, 1971) is a Canadian politician, who was elected to represent the riding of Ottawa West—Nepean for the Liberal Party of Canada in the House of Commons of Canada in the 2015 Canadian federal election. She ...
*Vice-chairs:
Shannon Stubbs
Shannon Stubbs MP (born December 8, 1979) is a Canadian politician who was elected to represent the riding of Lakeland in the House of Commons of Canada in the 2015 federal election. She was re-elected to represent the same riding in the 20 ...
Dan Albas
Dan Albas (born December 1, 1976) is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 2011 election. He represents the electoral district of Central Okanagan—Similkameen—Nicola as a member of the Conservative ...
Julie Dzerowicz
Juliana Roma "Julie" Dzerowicz () is a Canadian politician. A member of the Liberal Party, she has represented the Toronto riding of Davenport in the House of Commons of Canada since her initial election in 2015, and was subsequently reelected ...
*
Marilyn Gladu
Marilyn Gladu (''née'' McInerney; born 1962) is a Canadian politician who has been the Conservative Member of Parliament for Sarnia—Lambton since 2015. She was elected to the House of Commons in the 2015 Canadian federal election and served i ...
Sonia Sidhu
Satinderpal "Sonia" Sidhu is a Canadian politician who was elected as a Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada to represent the federal electoral district of Brampton South during the 2015 Canadian federal election.
Early life ...
Joint Committee on Physician-Assisted Dying
*Chair (elected Jan.18):
Rob Oliphant
Robert Oliphant (born June 7, 1956) is a Canadian politician and a United Church minister. He served in the House of Commons as a Liberal Member of Parliament for the Toronto riding of Don Valley West from 2008 to 2011. He returned to office af ...
*Vice-chairs:
Michael Cooper
Michael Jerome Cooper (born April 15, 1956) is an American basketball coach and former player who is the boys varsity coach at Culver City High School. He played for the Los Angeles Lakers in the National Basketball Association (NBA), winnin ...
and
Murray Rankin
Murray Rankin (born January 26, 1950) is a Canadian lawyer, politician and public law expert who serves as British Columbia's Minister of Indigenous Relations and Reconciliation. A member of the New Democratic Party, Rankin represents the rid ...
*
Harold Albrecht
Harold Glenn Albrecht (born October 15, 1949 in Kitchener, Ontario) was the Member of Parliament (MP) for the Conservative Party of Canada in the riding of Kitchener—Conestoga from 2006 until 2019. He defeated the incumbent Liberal MP, Lynn ...
René Arseneault
René Arseneault (born July 1, 1966) is a Canadian politician who was elected to represent the riding of Madawaska—Restigouche in the House of Commons of Canada in the 2015 federal election, and was re-elected in the 2019 federal election. ...
*
Guy Caron
Guy Caron (born May 13, 1968) is a Canadian politician, who was elected the mayor of Rimouski, Quebec in the 2021 Quebec municipal elections. He was previously a member of the House of Commons of Canada from 2011 to 2019, and served as the federa ...
Gérard Deltell
Gérard Deltell (born August 8, 1964) is a Canadian politician who has served as the member of Parliament (MP) for Louis-Saint-Laurent since 2015. A member of the Conservative Party, Deltell was Opposition House Leader from 2020 to 2022 under ...