Local elections in the Philippines were held on May 13, 2019. This was conducted together with the 2019 general election for national positions. All elected positions above the

barangay A barangay (; abbreviated as Brgy. or Bgy.), historically referred to as barrio (abbreviated as Bo.), is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a village, district, or ward. In metropolitan ...

(village) level were disputed. The following positions were disputed: * 81 provincial governorships and vice-governorships * 780 Provincial Board (

Sangguniang Panlalawigan Sangguniang Panlalawigan (abbreviated as SP; ), commonly known as the Provincial Board, are the legislatures in Philippine provinces. They are the legislative branches of the provinces, and their powers and responsibilities are defined by the Loca ...

) members * 1,634 mayorships and vice mayorships * 13,544 city and municipal councilors (

Sangguniang Panlungsod The Sangguniang Panlungsod (SP) is the local legislative body of a city governments in the Philippines. The name of the legislative body comes from the Tagalog words "''sanggunian''" ("council") – ultimately from the rootword "''sangguni''" ( ...

and

Sangguniang Bayan The Sangguniang Bayan () is the local legislative branch of the municipal governments in the Philippines. It is responsible for passing ordinances and resolutions for the administration of a municipality. Its powers are defined by the Local Gov ...

) The elective positions in the

Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao ar, منطقة بانجسامورو ذاتية الحكم فى مسلمى مينداناو , native_name = , settlement_type = Autonomous region , anthem = Bangsamoro Hymn , image_skyline ...

(BARMM) were not decided on this day. The first elections for BARMM will be done after the 2020 Philippine census is published. The elective positions in the barangays were also not decided on this day. These were supposed to be held in October 2016, but were postponed to October 2017, then again to May 2018.

Electoral system

Every local government unit, be it a

province A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions outsi ...

, city,

municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...

or a

elects a chief executive (a governor, city mayor, municipal mayor and barangay chairman, respectively), and a local legislature (the

and

Sangguniang Barangay The Sangguniang Barangay, also known as the Barangay Council, and formerly as the Rural Council and then the Barrio Council, is the legislative body of a barangay, the lowest form of government in the Philippines. The term is coined from the Tag ...

, respectively), president upon by the chief executive's deputy (vice-governor, city vice-mayor, and municipal vice-mayor, respectively; no equivalent for the barangay where the barangay chairman presides the Sangguniang Barangay).

Chief executive

Provincial governors and vice governors in each of the 81

provinces A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions outsi ...

, and mayor and vice mayor in each of the 145

cities A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be de ...

and 1,489

municipalities A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...

are elected via the

first-past-the-post system In a first-past-the-post electoral system (FPTP or FPP), formally called single-member plurality voting (SMP) when used in single-member districts or informally choose-one voting in contrast to ranked voting, or score voting, voters cast their ...

Legislatures

For the membership in local legislatures the elections are done via

plurality-at-large voting Plurality block voting, also known as plurality-at-large voting, block vote or block voting (BV) is a non- proportional voting system for electing representatives in multi-winner elections. Each voter may cast as many votes as the number of sea ...

. For

seats, the

Commission on Elections An election commission is a body charged with overseeing the implementation of electioneering process of any country. The formal names of election commissions vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, and may be styled an electoral commission, a c ...

divides all provinces into at least 2 districts, if it is not divided into such, while for

seats, the appropriation depends on the city charter (some are divided into districts, while others elect all councilors

at-large At large (''before a noun'': at-large) is a description for members of a governing body who are elected or appointed to represent a whole membership or population (notably a city, county, state, province, nation, club or association), rather than ...

), and for

seats, all municipalities have eight councilors elected

, except for

Pateros Pateros, officially the Municipality of Pateros ( tgl, Bayan ng Pateros), is the lone municipality of Metro Manila, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 63,643 people. This municipality is famous for its duck-rai ...

, which elects twelve, six in each district. Winners in this election will have their terms start on June 30, 2019, and end on June 30, 2022.

Ex officio and reserved seats

The city or municipal presidents of the

Liga ng mga Barangay The Liga ng mga Barangay sa Pilipinas (League of Barangays in the Philippines) and the Asosasyon ng mga Kapitan ng Barangay (Association of Barangay Captains) or ABC are formal organizations of all the barangays in the Philippines. Presently, al ...

(ABC, for its old name Association of Barangay Captains) and

Sangguniang Kabataan Sangguniang Kabataan (abbreviated as SK; ) is a council meant to represent the youth in each barangay in the Philippines. It was put "on hold", but not quite abolished, prior to the 2013 barangay elections. In January 2016, the Sangguniang ...

(SK; youth councils) sit as ex officio members of the

of which its

is a part of. For the

, the provincial presidents of the ABC and SK, along with the provincial presidents of the

Philippine Councilors League The Philippine Councilors League – or more simply the PCL – is a formal organization of all the municipal and city councilors in the Philippines. Last February 27, 2020, the outgoing national board declared a failure of elections after the a ...

(PCL) sit as its ex officio members. Some legislatures have a reserved seat for indigenous people, called the "indigenous people mandatory representation (IPMR)". These are not indicated in the national totals. When the legislatures elected in 2019 first convened, the ABC and SK presidents elected in 2018 were still serving, and will serve until January 1, 2023.

Barangay elections Barangay elections are elections in the Philippines in the barangays, the smallest of the administrative divisions in the Philippines. Barangays make up cities and municipalities and in turn are made up of sitios and puroks, whose leaders are not ...

are

nonpartisan Nonpartisanism is a lack of affiliation with, and a lack of bias towards, a political party. While an Oxford English Dictionary definition of ''partisan'' includes adherents of a party, cause, person, etc., in most cases, nonpartisan refers sp ...

. People selected as IPMR serve for three years. These selections are done by the

indigenous people Indigenous peoples are culturally distinct ethnic groups whose members are directly descended from the earliest known inhabitants of a particular geographic region and, to some extent, maintain the language and culture of those original people ...

themselves under the supervision of the National Commission on Indigenous People. The terms are not usually aligned with local or barangay elections. Ex officio members and IPMR are accorded full voting rights and privileges accorded to regularly elected members of each legislature.

Participating parties

National parties

Local parties

In the presentation below, the order for legislatures is determined by the following: * ''Ex officio'' seats, arranged by: **

member (nonpartisan) **

member (with corresponding color of his/her political party), for Sangguniang Panlalawigan elections. **

member (nonpartisan) * Reserved seats ** This can be either be none, for most provinces, one, for some provinces, or three, for Isabela and Tawi-Tawi. * Election results ** Parties by number of seats *** If tied, by alphanumeric order ** Independents

Provincial elections

Local parties are denoted by purple (unless otherwise indicated), independents by light gray, and ex officio members of the legislatures are in dark gray. * Summary of results, parties ranked by governorships won. *''

Ex officio An ''ex officio'' member is a member of a body (notably a board, committee, council) who is part of it by virtue of holding another office. The term '' ex officio'' is Latin, meaning literally 'from the office', and the sense intended is 'by right ...

'' members are the representatives of the provincial chapters of the

(SK), and

(PCL). *The first two ex officio members are determined from the nonpartisan 2018 barangay and SK elections. They first served on July 30, 2018, and will serve until January 1, 2022. *The PCL member is determined after the 2019 municipal elections. The elections within each provincial chapter were held in late 2019. * Some boards have a reserved seat for indigenous people, called the "indigenous people mandatory representation (IPMR)". These are not indicated in the national totals. **

Tawi-Tawi Provincial Board The Tawi-Tawi Provincial Board is the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (provincial legislature) of the Philippine province of Tawi-Tawi . The members are elected via plurality-at-large voting: the province is divided into two districts, each having four ...

, has reserved seats for agricultural workers, businesspeople and women. **

Isabela Provincial Board The Isabela Provincial Board is the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (provincial legislature) of the Philippine province of Isabela. The members are elected via plurality-at-large voting: the province is divided into six districts, each having two seats ...

, aside from the IPMR, also has reserved seats for workers and women. *In some provinces, election slates consisting of candidates for governor, vice governor and board members may include multiple parties.

Camarines Norte vice gubernatorial election

Incumbent Vice Governor Jonah Pimentel was in his third consecutive term when he was allowed to run. As the Local Government Code prohibits more than three consecutive terms of service, the Commission on Elections canceled his certificate of candidacy, and his proclamation as the winner in the vice gubernatorial election was also suspended. The top performing winner in the provincial board election, Joseph Panotes, was subsequently sworn in as acting vice governor until a final decision is made.

City and municipal elections

'' members are the representatives of the city or municipal chapters of the

and of the

(SK). These are determined from the nonpartisan 2018 barangay and SK elections. They first served on July 30, 2018, and will serve until January 1, 2022. * Some councils have a reserved seat for indigenous people, called the "indigenous people mandatory representation (IPMR)". These are not indicated in the national totals. *In some cities and municipalities, election slates consisting of candidates for mayor, vice mayor and councilors may include multiple parties.

Electoral system

Chief executive

Legislatures

Ex officio and reserved seats

Participating parties

National parties

Local parties

Provincial elections

Camarines Norte vice gubernatorial election

City and municipal elections

Highly urbanized cities

Independent component cities

Component cities

Bangsamoro

Bicol Region

Cagayan Valley

Calabarzon

Caraga

Central Luzon

Central Visayas

Cordillera Administrative Region

Davao Region

Eastern Visayas

Ilocos Region

Mimaropa

Northern Mindanao

Soccsksargen

Western Visayas

Zamboanga Peninsula

Municipalities with at least 100,000 people

Other cities and municipalities

References