2018 midterm elections
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The 2018 United States elections were held on Tuesday, November 6, 2018. These
midterm elections Apart from general elections and by-elections, midterm election refers to a type of election where the people can elect their representatives and other subnational officeholders (e.g. governor, members of local council) in the middle of the te ...
occurred during
Republican Republican can refer to: Political ideology * An advocate of a republic, a type of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is usually associated with the rule of law. ** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or agains ...
Donald Trump Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is an American politician, media personality, and businessman who served as the 45th president of the United States from 2017 to 2021. Trump graduated from the Wharton School of the University of P ...
's term. Democrats made a net gain of 41 seats in the
United States House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives, often referred to as the House of Representatives, the U.S. House, or simply the House, is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, with the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they ...
, gaining a majority in the chamber and thereby ending the federal trifecta that the Republican Party had established in the
2016 elections The following elections occurred in the year 2016. Africa Benin Republic * 2016 Beninese presidential election 6 March 2016 Cape Verde * 2016 Cape Verdean presidential election 2 October 2016 Chad * 2016 Chadian presidential election 10 ...
. The Republican Party retained control of the
United States Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The composition and po ...
, making a net gain of two seats and defeating four Democratic incumbents in states that had voted for Trump in 2016. As a result of the 2018 elections, the
116th United States Congress The 116th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives. It convened in Washington, D.C., on January 3, 2019, and ended on Janu ...
became the first Congress since the
99th United States Congress The 99th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1 ...
( elected in 1984) in which the Democrats controlled the U.S. House of Representatives and the Republicans controlled the U.S. Senate. This was the first time since 1970 that one party gained Senate seats while losing House seats, which also occurred in 1914, 1962, and 2022. In the state elections, Democrats gained seven state governorships, control of approximately 350 state legislative seats, and control of six state legislative chambers. The elections marked the highest
voter turnout In political science, voter turnout is the participation rate (often defined as those who cast a ballot) of a given election. This can be the percentage of registered voters, eligible voters, or all voting-age people. According to Stanford Univ ...
seen in midterm elections since
1914 This year saw the beginning of what became known as World War I, after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austrian throne was Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip. It als ...
, at 49.4%. The elections saw several electoral firsts for women, racial minorities, and
LGBT ' is an initialism that stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender. In use since the 1990s, the initialism, as well as some of its common variants, functions as an umbrella term for sexuality and gender identity. The LGBT term ...
candidates, including the election of the first openly gay governor and the first openly bisexual U.S. senator. In various referendums, numerous states voted to expand
Medicaid Medicaid in the United States is a federal and state program that helps with healthcare costs for some people with limited income and resources. Medicaid also offers benefits not normally covered by Medicare, including nursing home care and per ...
coverage, require
voter identification A voter identification law is a law that requires a person to show some form of identification in order to vote. In some jurisdictions requiring photo IDs, voters who do not have photo ID often must have their identity verified by someone els ...
, establish independent
redistricting commission In the United States, a redistricting commission is a body, other than the usual state legislative bodies, established to draw electoral district boundaries. Generally the intent is to avoid gerrymandering, or at least the appearance of gerryma ...
s, legalize
marijuana Cannabis, also known as marijuana among other names, is a psychoactive drug from the cannabis plant. Native to Central or South Asia, the cannabis plant has been used as a drug for both recreational and entheogenic purposes and in various t ...
, repeal
felony disenfranchisement Disfranchisement, also called disenfranchisement, or voter disqualification is the restriction of suffrage (the right to vote) of a person or group of people, or a practice that has the effect of preventing a person exercising the right to vote. D ...
laws and enact other proposals. During the campaign, Democrats focused on health care, frequently attacking Republicans for supporting repeal of provisions of the
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act The Affordable Care Act (ACA), formally known as the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and colloquially known as Obamacare, is a landmark U.S. federal statute enacted by the 111th United States Congress and signed into law by Pres ...
(also known as Obamacare), including protections for individuals with preexisting conditions. They also focused on tying many Republican incumbents and candidates to President Trump, who had low approval ratings at the time of the election. Republican messaging focused on immigration and the
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 The Act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to titles II and V of the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2018, , is a congressional revenue act of the United States originally introduced in Congress as the Tax Cuts and Jobs A ...
. There were allegations of attempted Russian interference in these elections as well as controversies regarding potential voter suppression and other alleged election irregularities. The election was widely characterized as a "blue wave" election. However, both Donald Trump and House Minority Leader
Nancy Pelosi Nancy Patricia Pelosi (; ; born March 26, 1940) is an American politician who has served as Speaker of the United States House of Representatives since 2019 and previously from 2007 to 2011. She has represented in the United States House of ...
claimed victory after the results of the midterm elections.


Issues, advertisements, and campaigning

In May 2018, President Trump began to emphasize his effort to overcome the traditional strength of the non-presidential party in midterm elections, with the "top priority for the White House eing to holdthe Republican majority in the Senate". He was already well into his own 2020 reelection campaign, having launched it on his
inauguration day The inauguration of the president of the United States is a ceremony to mark the commencement of a new four-year term of the president of the United States. During this ceremony, between 73 to 79 days after the presidential election, the pres ...
in January 2017. By early August, the president's midterm efforts had included rallies in Ohio, Pennsylvania, Florida, Montana and elsewhere "reprising the style and rhetoric of his 2016 campaign". He focused his message on the
economy An economy is an area of the production, distribution and trade, as well as consumption of goods and services. In general, it is defined as a social domain that emphasize the practices, discourses, and material expressions associated with th ...
, his proposed
border wall A border barrier is a separation barrier that runs along or near an international border. Such barriers are typically constructed for border control purposes such as curbing illegal immigration, human trafficking, and smuggling. Some such barr ...
, the "trade war" with China, criticism of the media, and his proposal to create the
space force A space force is a military branch of a nation's armed forces that conducts military operations in outer space and space warfare. The world's first space force was the Russian Space Forces, established in 1992 as an independent military service. ...
, a new branch of the military devoted to operations in space. In late August 2018, the ''Huffington Post'' reported that Trump and his administration had been engaging in campaign activity on taxpayer-funded trips. According to the report, a top White House staffer identified 35 events by Cabinet and senior staff members "with or affecting House districts in August already". White House Deputy Press Secretary
Lindsay Walters Lindsay Walters is an American spokesperson and former White House Special Assistant to the President and Deputy Press Secretary. Education Walters attended Archmere Academy and graduated from Drexel University, where she received a Bachelor o ...
called the report "misleading". The 2018 elections featured a wider range and larger number of campaign advertisements than past midterm elections. Almost a third of Republican ads focused on taxes, especially on the recently enacted
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 The Act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to titles II and V of the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2018, , is a congressional revenue act of the United States originally introduced in Congress as the Tax Cuts and Jobs A ...
. By mid-October 2018, at a cost of some $124 million, more than 280,000 television advertisements related to immigration had been aired in House, Senate and gubernatorial races, representing a five-fold increase compared to the 2014 cycle. In October 2018, ''
The New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid ...
'' and ''
The Washington Post ''The Washington Post'' (also known as the ''Post'' and, informally, ''WaPo'') is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C. It is the most widely circulated newspaper within the Washington metropolitan area and has a large n ...
'' characterized Republicans' 2018 campaign messaging as being chiefly focused on fear-mongering about immigration and race. According to ''The Washington Post'', President Trump "settled on a strategy of fear—laced with falsehoods and racially tinged rhetoric—to help lift his party to victory in the coming midterms, part of a broader effort to energize Republican voters". In November 2018, Facebook, NBC, and Fox News withdrew a controversial pro-Trump advertisement that focused on a migrant caravan; Facebook noted that the ad violated Facebook's rules concerning "sensational content". Nearly half of all advertisements by Democrats focused on health care, in particular on defending the
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act The Affordable Care Act (ACA), formally known as the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and colloquially known as Obamacare, is a landmark U.S. federal statute enacted by the 111th United States Congress and signed into law by Pres ...
(also known as Obamacare or the Affordable Care Act) and keeping in place protections for individuals with preexisting conditions. A number of Republican candidates claimed to support provisions of the Affordable Care Act, such as protections for preexisting conditions, even though they supported efforts that either weakened or eliminated those provisions. In the final weeks of the campaign, Democrats indicated their desire to keep the focus of the campaign on Republican efforts to repeal provisions of Obamacare through the proposed American Health Care Act of 2017. A ''Gallup'' poll conducted days before the election found that voters considered healthcare and the economy to be the top issues among registered voters, though many voters also considered immigration to be a top priority.


Federal elections


Senate

In the 2018 elections, Republicans sought to defend the Senate majority they had maintained since the
2014 elections The following elections occurred in the year 2014. * 2014 United Nations Security Council election 16 October 2014 Africa * 2014 Algerian presidential election 17 April 2014 * 2014 Botswana general election 24 October 2014 * 2014 Comorian presi ...
. Thirty-five of the 100 seats were up for election, including all 33 Class1 Senate seats. Class2 Senate seats in
Minnesota Minnesota () is a state in the upper midwestern region of the United States. It is the 12th largest U.S. state in area and the 22nd most populous, with over 5.75 million residents. Minnesota is home to western prairies, now given over t ...
and
Mississippi Mississippi () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States, bordered to the north by Tennessee; to the east by Alabama; to the south by the Gulf of Mexico; to the southwest by Louisiana; and to the northwest by Arkansas. Miss ...
each held special elections to fill vacancies. The Class1 Senate elections were for terms lasting from January 2019 to January 2025 while the Class2 special elections were for terms ending in January 2021. 24 of the seats up for election were held by Democrats, two of the seats up for election were held by independents caucusing with the Democrats and nine of the seats up for election were held by Republicans. Three Republican incumbents did not seek election in 2018 while all Democratic and independent incumbents sought another term. 42 Republican senators and 23 Democratic senators were not up for election. Assuming the two independents won re-election and continued to caucus with them, Senate Democrats needed to win a net gain of two Senate seats to win a majority. Including the two independents, Democrats held approximately 74 percent of the seats up for election, the highest proportion held by one party in a midterm election since at least 1914. Prior to the 2018 elections,
Nate Silver Nathaniel Read Silver (born January 13, 1978) is an American statistician, writer, and poker player who analyzes baseball (see sabermetrics), basketball, and elections (see psephology). He is the founder and editor-in-chief of '' FiveThirtyE ...
of ''
FiveThirtyEight ''FiveThirtyEight'', sometimes rendered as ''538'', is an American website that focuses on opinion poll analysis, politics, economics, and sports blogging in the United States. The website, which takes its name from the number of electors in th ...
'' wrote that Democrats faced one of the most unfavorable Senate maps any party had ever faced in any Senate election. Silver noted that ten of the seats Democrats defended were in states won by
Donald Trump Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is an American politician, media personality, and businessman who served as the 45th president of the United States from 2017 to 2021. Trump graduated from the Wharton School of the University of P ...
in the 2016 presidential election. Meanwhile, the Class I Senate seat in
Nevada Nevada ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, Western region of the United States. It is bordered by Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. N ...
was the lone Republican-held seat up for election in a state that had been won by Democratic nominee
Hillary Clinton Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton ( Rodham; born October 26, 1947) is an American politician, diplomat, and former lawyer who served as the 67th United States Secretary of State for President Barack Obama from 2009 to 2013, as a United States sen ...
in the 2016 presidential election. Silver predicted that even a nine-point victory in the nationwide popular vote for Congress would not be enough to give Democrats a majority in the Senate. Some observers speculated that Republicans might be able to pick up a net of nine seats, which would give them the 60-seat super-majority necessary to break filibusters on legislation. Republicans won a net gain of two seats in the Senate. The 2018 elections were the first midterm elections since 2002 in which the party holding the presidency gained Senate seats. Republicans defeated Democratic incumbents in
Indiana Indiana () is a U.S. state in the Midwestern United States. It is the 38th-largest by area and the 17th-most populous of the 50 States. Its capital and largest city is Indianapolis. Indiana was admitted to the United States as the 19th ...
,
Missouri Missouri is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking 21st in land area, it is bordered by eight states (tied for the most with Tennessee): Iowa to the north, Illinois, Kentucky and Tennessee to the east, Arkansas t ...
,
North Dakota North Dakota () is a U.S. state in the Upper Midwest, named after the indigenous Dakota Sioux. North Dakota is bordered by the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba to the north and by the U.S. states of Minnesota to the east, ...
and
Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and ...
. Democrats defeated the Republican incumbent in
Nevada Nevada ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, Western region of the United States. It is bordered by Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. N ...
and picked up an open seat in
Arizona Arizona ( ; nv, Hoozdo Hahoodzo ; ood, Alĭ ṣonak ) is a state in the Southwestern United States. It is the 6th largest and the 14th most populous of the 50 states. Its capital and largest city is Phoenix. Arizona is part of the Fou ...
. All four defeated Democratic incumbents represented states won by Trump in the 2016 presidential election. Democratic incumbents tallied victories in the competitive
Midwestern The Midwestern United States, also referred to as the Midwest or the American Midwest, is one of four census regions of the United States Census Bureau (also known as "Region 2"). It occupies the northern central part of the United States. ...
states of
Ohio Ohio () is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Of the List of states and territories of the United States, fifty U.S. states, it is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, 34th-l ...
,
Michigan Michigan () is a state in the Great Lakes region of the upper Midwestern United States. With a population of nearly 10.12 million and an area of nearly , Michigan is the 10th-largest state by population, the 11th-largest by area, and t ...
and
Wisconsin Wisconsin () is a state in the upper Midwestern United States. Wisconsin is the 25th-largest state by total area and the 20th-most populous. It is bordered by Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake M ...
as well as the key Northeastern
swing state In American politics, the term swing state (also known as battleground state or purple state) refers to any state that could reasonably be won by either the Democratic or Republican candidate in a statewide election, most often referring to pres ...
of
Pennsylvania Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, ...
.
Montana Montana () is a state in the Mountain West division of the Western United States. It is bordered by Idaho to the west, North Dakota and South Dakota to the east, Wyoming to the south, and the Canadian provinces of Alberta, British Columb ...
and
West Virginia West Virginia is a state in the Appalachian, Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States.The Census Bureau and the Association of American Geographers classify West Virginia as part of the Southern United States while the ...
, both of which voted for Trump by a margin of at least 20 points, also re-elected Democratic incumbents. After the election,
Chris Cillizza Christopher Michael Cillizza (; born February 20, 1976) is an American political commentator, who worked for the television news channel CNN from 2017-2022. Prior to joining CNN, he wrote for ''The Fix'', the daily political blog of ''The Washing ...
of CNN noted that by limiting their Senate losses in 2018, Democrats put themselves in a position to potentially take control of the Senate in the
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in t ...
or 2022 Senate elections.


House of Representatives

In the 2018 elections, Democrats sought to take control of the
United States House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives, often referred to as the House of Representatives, the U.S. House, or simply the House, is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, with the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they ...
for the first time since the 2010 elections. All 435 voting seats in the House of Representatives were up for election to serve two-year terms. Additionally, elections were held to select five of the six non-voting delegates for the
District of Columbia ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle (Washington, D.C.), Logan Circle, Jefferson Memoria ...
and the U.S. territories.{{efn, name=PRRC, One non-voting member of the House of Representatives, the
Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico The resident commissioner of Puerto Rico () is a non-voting member of the United States House of Representatives elected by the voters of the U.S. Commonwealth of Puerto Rico every four years, the only member of the House of Representatives ...
, serves a four-year term and was not up for election in 2018. The 2018 House elections saw the largest number of retirements by incumbents of any election cycle since at least 1992. By June 2018, 20 House Democrats and 44 House Republicans, including Speaker of the House
Paul Ryan Paul Davis Ryan (born January 29, 1970) is an American former politician who served as the 54th speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 2015 to 2019. A member of the Republican Party, he was the vice presidential nominee i ...
, had announced their retirement. The disproportionate number of Republican retirements may have harmed Republican prospects in the 2018 mid-term elections due to the loss of incumbency advantage.{{Cite news, url=https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/the-recent-rush-of-gop-retirements-is-good-for-democrats/, title=The Recent Rush Of GOP Retirements Is Good For Democrats, last=Rakich, first=Nathaniel, date=September 12, 2017, work=FiveThirtyEight, access-date=November 11, 2010, publisher=
FiveThirtyEight ''FiveThirtyEight'', sometimes rendered as ''538'', is an American website that focuses on opinion poll analysis, politics, economics, and sports blogging in the United States. The website, which takes its name from the number of electors in th ...
Democrats had 193 seats immediately prior to the November elections, and needed to net at least 25 seats to win a majority in the House of Representatives. In the November elections, Democrats won a net gain of 40 seats. As the elections also saw Democrats fill two vacant seats that had previously been controlled by the party, the Democrats won control of a total of 235 seats, while Republicans won control of at least 199 seats.{{efn , name=undecided The net gain of 40 seats represented the Democratic Party's largest gain in the House since the 1974 elections. Democrats won the nationwide popular vote for the House of Representatives by 8.6 percentage points, one of the highest margins won by either party since 1992. Due in part to the surge in turnout, the total number of votes won by Democratic candidates for the House of Representatives nearly equaled the number of votes Trump won in the 2016 presidential election. The 2018 elections were the third midterm elections since 2006 in which the President's party lost control of the House of Representatives. Democrats defeated 29 Republican incumbents and picked up 14 open seats. Republicans did not defeat a single Democratic incumbent, though the party did pick up two open seats in Minnesota and one in Pennsylvania. Republicans defended the vast majority of their rural seats, but several urban and suburban seats flipped to the Democrats. Many of the districts picked up by Democrats had given a majority or a plurality of their vote to Hillary Clinton in the 2016 presidential election.{{cite news , title=A Poor Night for Republicans in Clinton Districts , url=https://www.rollcall.com/news/politics/republicans-clinton-districts , access-date=November 11, 2018 , publisher=Roll Call , date=November 11, 2018 Of the 447 individuals who served in the House during the 115th Congress, at least 104 did not win re-election in 2018—this represents the third-highest turnover rate of any election cycle since 1974.


Special elections

There were a total of eight special elections to the United States House of Representatives in 2018. These elections were held to fill vacancies for the remainder of the 115th Congress. As a result of the special elections held prior to November 6, Democrats won a net gain of one seat. Four special elections were held prior to November 6, 2018: *
Special election A by-election, also known as a special election in the United States and the Philippines, a bye-election in Ireland, a bypoll in India, or a Zimni election (Urdu: ضمنی انتخاب, supplementary election) in Pakistan, is an election used to f ...
in Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district following the resignation of
Tim Murphy Timothy Murphy may refer to: Politics * Tim Murphy (American politician) (born 1952), American Republican Party politician from Pennsylvania * Tim Murphy (Canadian politician) (born 1959), Canadian politician * Timothy J. Murphy (1893–1949), I ...
(R), held on March 13, 2018; won by
Conor Lamb Conor James Lamb (born June 27, 1984) is an American attorney and politician who has served as the U.S. representative for Pennsylvania's 17th congressional district since 2019. The district includes most of the northwestern suburbs of Pittsbur ...
(D). *
Special election A by-election, also known as a special election in the United States and the Philippines, a bye-election in Ireland, a bypoll in India, or a Zimni election (Urdu: ضمنی انتخاب, supplementary election) in Pakistan, is an election used to f ...
in
Arizona's 8th congressional district Arizona's 8th congressional district is a congressional district located in the U.S. state of Arizona. It includes many of the suburbs north and west of Phoenix, in Maricopa County, Arizona. The district includes several high-income retirement ...
following the resignation of
Trent Franks Trent Franks (born June 19, 1957) is a former American politician and businessman who served as the U.S. representative for from 2003 to 2017 (numbered as the 2nd district from 2003 to 2013). He is a member of the Republican Party. During his ...
(R), held on April 24, 2018; won by
Debbie Lesko Debra Kay Lesko (née Lorenz; born November 14, 1958) is an American politician and a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives, representing since 2018. The district is in the West Valley portion of the Phoenix metropolitan area ...
(R). *
Special election A by-election, also known as a special election in the United States and the Philippines, a bye-election in Ireland, a bypoll in India, or a Zimni election (Urdu: ضمنی انتخاب, supplementary election) in Pakistan, is an election used to f ...
in Texas's 27th congressional district following the resignation of
Blake Farenthold Randolph Blake Farenthold (born December 12, 1961) is an American politician and lobbyist. A member of the Republican Party, Farenthold co-hosted a conservative talk-radio program before beginning a career in politics. Farenthold served as the U ...
(R), held on June 30, 2018; won by
Michael Cloud Michael Jonathan Cloud (born May 13, 1975) is an American politician representing Texas's 27th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives since 2018. He is a member of the Republican Party. Early life and career Cl ...
(R). *
Special election A by-election, also known as a special election in the United States and the Philippines, a bye-election in Ireland, a bypoll in India, or a Zimni election (Urdu: ضمنی انتخاب, supplementary election) in Pakistan, is an election used to f ...
in
Ohio's 12th congressional district Ohio's 12th congressional district is a United States congressional district in central Ohio, covering Delaware County, Morrow County, and Licking County, along with parts of Franklin, Marion, Muskingum, and Richland counties. The distri ...
following the resignation of
Pat Tiberi Patrick Joseph Tiberi (; born October 21, 1962) is an American lobbyist and politician who served as the U.S. representative for from 2001 to 2018. His district included communities north and east of Columbus. He is a member of the Republican ...
(R), held on August 7, 2018; won by Troy Balderson (R). Four special elections were held on November 6, 2018, coinciding with the regularly-scheduled elections: *
Special election A by-election, also known as a special election in the United States and the Philippines, a bye-election in Ireland, a bypoll in India, or a Zimni election (Urdu: ضمنی انتخاب, supplementary election) in Pakistan, is an election used to f ...
in
Michigan's 13th congressional district Michigan's 13th congressional district is a United States congressional district in Wayne County, Michigan. It is currently represented by Democrat Shri Thanedar. The district includes portions of Detroit and some of its suburbs, and it was t ...
following the resignation of
John Conyers John James Conyers Jr. (May 16, 1929October 27, 2019) was an American politician of the Democratic Party who served as a U.S. representative from Michigan from 1965 to 2017. The districts he represented always included part of western Detroit ...
(D); won by Brenda Jones (D). *
Special election A by-election, also known as a special election in the United States and the Philippines, a bye-election in Ireland, a bypoll in India, or a Zimni election (Urdu: ضمنی انتخاب, supplementary election) in Pakistan, is an election used to f ...
in
Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district includes all of Carbon, Lehigh, and Northampton Counties; and parts of Monroe County. The district is represented by Democrat Susan Wild. From 2013 through 2018, the district incorporated parts of th ...
following the resignation of
Pat Meehan Patrick Leo Meehan (born October 20, 1955) is a former American Republican Party politician and federal prosecutor from Pennsylvania who represented parts of Delaware, Chester, Montgomery, Berks, and Lancaster counties in the United States Hou ...
(R); won by Mary Gay Scanlon (D). *
Special election A by-election, also known as a special election in the United States and the Philippines, a bye-election in Ireland, a bypoll in India, or a Zimni election (Urdu: ضمنی انتخاب, supplementary election) in Pakistan, is an election used to f ...
in
Pennsylvania's 15th congressional district Pennsylvania's 15th congressional district has been located in western Pennsylvania since February 2018. The district includes all of Warren County, McKean County, Forest County, Venango County, Elk County, Cameron County, Clarion County, ...
following the resignation of Charlie Dent (R); won by
Susan Wild Susan Wild (née Ellis; born June 7, 1957) is an American attorney and politician from the commonwealth of Pennsylvania. A Democrat, she is a member of the United States House of Representatives from . The district is in the heart of the Lehig ...
(D). *
Special election A by-election, also known as a special election in the United States and the Philippines, a bye-election in Ireland, a bypoll in India, or a Zimni election (Urdu: ضمنی انتخاب, supplementary election) in Pakistan, is an election used to f ...
in
New York's 25th congressional district The 25th congressional district of New York is a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives. It is currently represented by Democrat Joseph Morelle. The district is now located within Monroe County and part of Orle ...
following the death of Louise Slaughter (D); won by Joseph Morelle (D).


State elections

The vast majority of states held gubernatorial or state legislative elections in 2018. The 2018 state elections will impact the
redistricting Redistribution (re-districting in the United States and in the Philippines) is the process by which electoral districts are added, removed, or otherwise changed. Redistribution is a form of boundary delimitation that changes electoral distri ...
that will follow the
2020 United States Census The United States census of 2020 was the twenty-fourth decennial United States census. Census Day, the reference day used for the census, was April 1, 2020. Other than a pilot study during the 2000 census, this was the first U.S. census to off ...
as many states task governors and state legislators with drawing new boundaries for state legislative and Congressional districts.


Gubernatorial elections

{{main, 2018 United States gubernatorial elections Elections were held for the governorships of 36 U.S. states and three U.S. territories as well as for the
Mayor of the District of Columbia The mayor of the District of Columbia is the head of the executive branch of the government of the District of Columbia, in the United States. The mayor has the duty to enforce district laws, and the power to either approve or veto bills passed ...
. Democrats defended every seat they had controlled prior to the election and picked up seven governorships. They won open seats in Michigan, Nevada, Kansas, New Mexico and Maine and defeated Republican incumbents in Illinois and Wisconsin. They also picked up the independent-held seat in the U.S. Virgin Islands in a runoff election held November 20, 2018. Most of the Democratic victories were in Democratic-leaning states or swing states. Democratic candidates ran well ahead of Hillary Clinton in South Dakota, Oklahoma, Idaho, South Carolina and other "
red states Starting with the 2000 United States presidential election, the terms "red state" and "blue state" have referred to U.S. states whose voters vote predominantly for one party — the Republican Party in red states and the Democratic Party in b ...
" that had given large margins to Trump in the 2016 presidential. All of those candidates fell short, however, and Kansas was the lone red state to elect a Democratic governor in 2018. Republicans picked up the independent-held seat in Alaska, and Republican incumbents won election in competitive and Democratic-leaning states such as Arizona, Iowa, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire and Maryland. The party also won competitive open seat elections held in Florida, Georgia and Ohio.{{Cite news , url=https://www.usnews.com/news/the-run/articles/2018-11-07/election-2018-democrats-add-seven-governorships , title=Election 2018: Democrats Add 7 Governorships , last=Catanese , first=David , date=November 7, 2018 , work= U.S. News & World Report , access-date=November 8, 2018 Democrats picked up the governorship of Guam, but the incumbent Republican governor of the Northern Marianas Islands won re-election.{{efn, name=CNMI-delay, The 2018 general election in the Northern Marianas Islands were delayed until November 13 due to
Typhoon Yutu Typhoon Yutu, known in the Philippines as Super Typhoon Rosita, was an extremely powerful tropical cyclone that caused catastrophic destruction on the islands of Tinian and Saipan in the Northern Mariana Islands, and later impacted the Philippi ...
, which struck the territory shortly before the scheduled November 6 election date.


Legislative elections

{{Main, 2018 United States state legislative elections Eighty-seven of the 99 state legislative chambers, in 46 states—6,069 seats out of the nation's 7,383 legislative seats (82%)—held regularly-scheduled elections.2018 State Legislative Races By State and Legislative Chamber
National Conference of State Legislatures, February 23, 2018.
Every territorial legislature except for the
Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico The Legislative Assembly of Puerto Rico ( es, Asamblea Legislativa de Puerto Rico) is the territorial legislature of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, responsible for the legislative branch of the government of Puerto Rico. The Assembly is a bic ...
held elections for at least one chamber.{{efn, name=CNMI-delay In some legislative chambers, all seats were up for election, but some chambers with staggered terms held elections only for a portion of the seats in the chamber.{{efn, There were no legislative elections in the four states (Louisiana, Mississippi, New Jersey and Virginia) which hold state elections in odd-numbered years. There were also no elections to the
Kansas Senate The Kansas Senate is the upper house of the Kansas Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. State of Kansas. It is composed of 40 senators elected from single-member districts, each with a population of at least 60,000 inhabitants. Members ...
,
Minnesota Senate The Minnesota Senate is the upper house of the Legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota. At 67 members, half as many as the Minnesota House of Representatives, it is the largest upper house of any U.S. state legislature. Floor sessions are h ...
,
New Mexico Senate The New Mexico Senate ( es, Senado de Nuevo México) is the upper house of the New Mexico State Legislature. The Senate consists of 42 members, with each senator representing an equal number of single-member constituent districts across the stat ...
and
South Carolina Senate The South Carolina Senate is the upper house of the South Carolina General Assembly, the lower house being the South Carolina House of Representatives. It consists of 46 senators elected from single member districts for four-year terms at the s ...
since all seats in those chambers are elected in presidential-election years. Democrats flipped at least 350 state legislative seats,{{cite news , last1=Quinton , first1=Sophie , last2=Povich , first2=Elaine S. , title=So Much Changed in Statehouses This Week. Here's What It All Means. , url=https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/blogs/stateline/2018/11/09/so-much-changed-in-statehouses-this-week-heres-what-it-all-means, work=Stateline, publisher=
The Pew Charitable Trusts The Pew Charitable Trusts is an independent non-profit, non-governmental organization (NGO), founded in 1948. With over 6 billion in assets, its stated mission is to serve the public interest by "improving public policy, informing the public, a ...
, date=November 9, 2018
picking up most of those seats in states where President Trump's approval rating was relatively low. Six chambers—the
Colorado Senate The Colorado Senate is the upper house of the Colorado General Assembly, the state legislature of the US state of Colorado. It is composed of 35 members elected from single-member districts, with each district having a population of about 123, ...
, New Hampshire House,
New Hampshire Senate The New Hampshire Senate has been meeting since 1784. It is the upper house of the New Hampshire General Court, alongside the lower New Hampshire House of Representatives. It consists of 24 members representing Senate districts based on populatio ...
, Minnesota House,
Maine Senate The Maine Senate is the upper house of the Maine Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Maine. The Senate currently consists of 35 members representing an equal number of districts across the state, though the Maine Constituti ...
and
New York State Senate The New York State Senate is the upper house of the New York State Legislature; the New York State Assembly is its lower house. Its members are elected to two-year terms; there are no term limits. There are 63 seats in the Senate. Partisan comp ...
—flipped from Republican to Democratic control.NCSL State Vote
National Conference of State Legislatures.
Additionally the
Connecticut Senate The Connecticut State Senate is the upper house of the Connecticut General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Connecticut. The state senate comprises 36 members, each representing a district with around 99,280 inhabitants. Sen ...
went from being evenly divided to a Democratic majority. Democrats also broke Republican legislative supermajorities in
North Carolina North Carolina () is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, 28th largest and List of states and territories of the United ...
,
Michigan Michigan () is a state in the Great Lakes region of the upper Midwestern United States. With a population of nearly 10.12 million and an area of nearly , Michigan is the 10th-largest state by population, the 11th-largest by area, and t ...
and
Pennsylvania Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, ...
{{cite news , last1=Rogers , first1=Steven , title=The blue wave was big—and significant—in state legislatures , url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2018/11/12/the-blue-wave-was-big-and-significant-in-state-legislatures/ , access-date=November 12, 2018 , newspaper=
The Washington Post ''The Washington Post'' (also known as the ''Post'' and, informally, ''WaPo'') is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C. It is the most widely circulated newspaper within the Washington metropolitan area and has a large n ...
, date=November 12, 2018
and gained a legislative supermajority in both houses of the
California California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the m ...
,
Illinois Illinois ( ) is a state in the Midwestern United States. Its largest metropolitan areas include the Chicago metropolitan area, and the Metro East section, of Greater St. Louis. Other smaller metropolitan areas include, Peoria and Rock ...
and
Oregon Oregon () is a U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. The Columbia River delineates much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington (state), Washington, while the Snake River delineates much of it ...
legislatures. Democrats gained a trifecta (control of the governor's office and both legislative chambers) in Colorado, Illinois, Connecticut, Maine, New Mexico, New York and Nevada as well as in Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Republicans lost trifectas in Kansas, Michigan, Wisconsin and New Hampshire. After the election, Democrats have 14 trifectas, Republicans have 21 trifectas, and 14 states have a divided government.{{efn, It is impossible for either party to achieve a trifecta in Nebraska, which has a unicameral, non-partisan legislature. Minnesota became the lone multicameral state legislature in with divided control, with the Democratic Party hold a majority in its State House and the Republican Party holding a majority in its State Senate. All other state legislatures were either
unicameral Unicameralism (from ''uni''- "one" + Latin ''camera'' "chamber") is a type of legislature, which consists of one house or assembly, that legislates and votes as one. Unicameral legislatures exist when there is no widely perceived need for multi ...
or had unified
bicameral Bicameralism is a type of legislature, one divided into two separate assemblies, chambers, or houses, known as a bicameral legislature. Bicameralism is distinguished from unicameralism, in which all members deliberate and vote as a single gr ...
party control. In Alaska, Republicans won the gubernatorial election and held a majority of the seats in both chambers of the state legislature, but a coalition of independents, Democrats, and Republicans elected independent
Bryce Edgmon Bryce Edgmon (born May 3, 1961) is a member of the Alaska House of Representatives, representing the 37th District since 2006. He served as speaker from 2017–2021. The district includes all or portions of the Kodiak Island Borough, Aleutians ...
as Speaker of the
Alaska House of Representatives The Alaska State House of Representatives is the lower house in the Alaska Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Alaska. The House is composed of 40 members, each of whom represents a district of approximately 17,756 people per ...
.{{cite news , last1=Brooks , first1=James , title=Alaska House, with new-look coalition, expects to open budget discussions Monday , url=https://www.adn.com/politics/alaska-legislature/2019/02/16/alaska-house-with-new-look-coalition-expects-to-open-budget-discussions-monday/ , work=Anchorage Daily News , date=February 16, 2019 All parties presented candidates in more races than usual. The number of Democratic candidates increased to almost 88% of the races in 2018 from 77% in 2014. Parties often do not run in races where the incumbent or other favorite candidate has a very high margin in polls, in order to focus resources on more competitive races with greater chances of success; however, increasing the number of candidates is seen as a way to drive local voter engagement and increase the number of votes for other, more competitive races at an upper level.{{citation needed, date=September 2019 Despite these Democratic gains, the party controlled a total of just 37 state legislative chambers after the election, far fewer chambers than it had controlled prior to the 2010 elections. Tim Storey of the
National Conference of State Legislatures The National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL), established in 1975, is a "nonpartisan public officials’ association composed of sitting state legislators" from the states, territories and commonwealths of the United States. Background ...
attributed the continuing Republican dominance of state legislatures in part to Republican control of redistricting in many states following 2010. In at least three states (Pennsylvania, North Carolina, and Michigan), Republicans retained control of the lower house even though a majority of voters voted for a Democratic candidate for the lower house. In many states, Democrats indicated their hope that 2018 would be part of a "two-cycle process", with gains in 2018 putting the party within distance of taking control of more state legislative chambers in the 2020 elections.


Other state elections

{{see also, List of U.S. statewide elected officials Many states have statewide elected officials other than the governor. Such positions include secretary of state,
attorney general In most common law jurisdictions, the attorney general or attorney-general (sometimes abbreviated AG or Atty.-Gen) is the main legal advisor to the government. The plural is attorneys general. In some jurisdictions, attorneys general also have exec ...
,
treasurer A treasurer is the person responsible for running the treasury of an organization. The significant core functions of a corporate treasurer include cash and liquidity management, risk management, and corporate finance. Government The treasury ...
and
auditor An auditor is a person or a firm appointed by a company to execute an audit.Practical Auditing, Kul Narsingh Shrestha, 2012, Nabin Prakashan, Nepal To act as an auditor, a person should be certified by the regulatory authority of accounting and a ...
. These officials can play important roles in setting policy and overseeing state functions. In 2018, Democrats won attorneys general races in Michigan, Wisconsin, Nevada and Colorado; each position had previously been held by a Republican. After the elections, Democrats held 27 of the 50 attorneys general positions in the country. Democrats also won control of the office of secretary of state in Michigan, Arizona, and Colorado, although Republicans still held a majority of the elected secretary of state positions nationwide. Other offices that Democrats won control of in 2018 include the
Arizona Superintendent of Public Instruction The Arizona Superintendent of Public Instruction is an elected state executive position in the Arizona state government. The superintendent oversees the state of Arizona's public school system and directs the state's Department of Education. Th ...
, the
Maine State Treasurer The Maine State Treasurer is a constitutional officer of the U.S. state of Maine. The office is authorized by Article V, Part Third of the Maine Constitution. The Treasurer is chosen by the Maine Legislature in joint session for a two-year term; ...
, the
Iowa State Auditor The Iowa State Auditor is the state auditor of the Government of Iowa, United States. The office's mission is to "serve as the taxpayers' watchdog" by "ensuring that government officials use taxpayer dollars for the intended purposes to benefit ...
and the Florida Commissioner of Agriculture.


Attorney General

{{Main, 2018 United States Attorney General elections Attorneys General were elected in 30 states, 2 territories, and the
District of Columbia ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle (Washington, D.C.), Logan Circle, Jefferson Memoria ...
. 43 states elect their Attorney General, and 7 are appointed through other processes. The previous
Attorney General In most common law jurisdictions, the attorney general or attorney-general (sometimes abbreviated AG or Atty.-Gen) is the main legal advisor to the government. The plural is attorneys general. In some jurisdictions, attorneys general also have exec ...
elections for this group of states took place in 2014, except in
Vermont Vermont () is a U.S. state, state in the northeast New England region of the United States. Vermont is bordered by the states of Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, and New York (state), New York to the west, and the Provin ...
where Attorneys General only serve two-year terms and elected their current Attorney General in 2016. Democrats gained 4 elected Attorney General offices, Republicans gained zero offices. This caused Democratic Attorney Generals to constitute a majority of elected Attorneys General in
U.S. state In the United States, a state is a constituent political entity, of which there are 50. Bound together in a political union, each state holds governmental jurisdiction over a separate and defined geographic territory where it shares its sove ...
s.


Ballot measures

A total of 157 ballot measures were voted on in 34 states. These include initiatives on redistricting reform, voting rights, marijuana, infrastructure, health care and taxes. As a result of successful ballot measures, Colorado, Michigan and Utah established independent redistricting commissions while Nebraska, Utah and Idaho expanded access to Medicaid. Florida voters approved Florida Amendment{{nbsp4, which restored voting rights to some felons who have served out their sentence and banned off shore drilling,
vaping An electronic cigarette is an electronic device that simulates tobacco smoking. It consists of an atomizer, a power source such as a battery, and a container such as a cartridge or tank. Instead of smoke, the user inhales vapor. As such ...
in indoor work spaces, and gambling institutions related to dog racing. Nevada and Michigan approved automatic voter registration, and Michigan expanded absentee voting. Also, Maryland approved same-day voter registration, allowing voters to register as late as on Election Day. In Arkansas and North Carolina, voter ID ballot measures were approved. Michigan, Missouri and Utah voters approved marijuana proposals, with Michigan approving recreational marijuana and Missouri approving medical marijuana. Utah voters also approved medical marijuana, although Utah lawmakers later rolled back some of the provisions of the measure. North Dakota voters voted down a proposal to legalize recreational marijuana. In California, voters declined to repeal the 2017 Road Repair and Accountability Act, which increased fuel taxes and vehicle license fees to fund infrastructure improvements. Nationwide, 96 transportation ballot measures worth about $30.68 billion passed at the state and local levels on Election Day—41 transportation-related ballot measures failed.


Local elections


Mayoral elections

Incumbent candidates won in mayoral elections held in major cities, including
Anchorage, Alaska Anchorage () is the largest city in the U.S. state of Alaska by population. With a population of 291,247 in 2020, it contains nearly 40% of the state's population. The Anchorage metropolitan area, which includes Anchorage and the neighboring ...
(
Ethan Berkowitz Ethan Avram Berkowitz (born February 4, 1962) is an American attorney, businessman, and politician from Alaska. From 1997 to 2007 he was the Alaska State Representative for District 26, serving as the Democratic Party Minority Leader from 1999 ...
);
Austin, Texas Austin is the capital city of the U.S. state of Texas, as well as the seat and largest city of Travis County, with portions extending into Hays and Williamson counties. Incorporated on December 27, 1839, it is the 11th-most-populous city ...
( Steve Adler);
Oakland, California Oakland is the largest city and the county seat of Alameda County, California, United States. A major West Coast port, Oakland is the largest city in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area, the third largest city overall in the ...
(
Libby Schaaf Elizabeth Beckman Schaaf (born November 12, 1965) is an American politician who has been Mayor of Oakland, California since 2015. A member of the Democratic Party, she previously served on the Oakland City Council. Schaaf won the November 4, 2 ...
);
Providence, Rhode Island Providence is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Rhode Island. One of the oldest cities in New England, it was founded in 1636 by Roger Williams, a Reformed Baptist theologian and religious exile from the Massachusetts ...
(
Jorge Elorza Jorge O. Elorza (born November 24, 1976) is an American law professor and mayor of Providence, Rhode Island. He defeated former mayor Buddy Cianci in the 2014 mayoral election and on January 5, 2015, was sworn in as mayor of the city. Early lif ...
); and Washington, D.C. (
Muriel Bowser Muriel Elizabeth Bowser (born August 2, 1972) is an American politician serving since 2015 as the eighth mayor of the District of Columbia. A member of the Democratic Party, she previously represented the 4th ward as a member of the Counci ...
).{{cite news, last=Greenblatt, first=Alan, url=http://www.governing.com/topics/politics/gov-which-cities-voting-mayor-2018.html, title=In Major Cities, Most Incumbent Mayors Glide to Reelection, work=Governing, date=November 7, 2018 The District of Columbia and Oakland each re-elected mayors for the first time since 2002. Incumbent mayors were also re-elected in
Chesapeake, Virginia Chesapeake is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 249,422, it is the second-most populous independent city in Virginia, tenth-largest in the Mid-Atlantic, and the 90th ...
(Richard West);
Chula Vista, California Chula Vista (; ) is the second-largest city in the San Diego metropolitan area, the seventh largest city in Southern California, the fifteenth largest city in the state of California, and the 78th-largest city in the United States. The popu ...
(
Mary Salas Mary Casillas Salas is an American politician from Chula Vista, California. She is a former California Assembly member who represented the 79th Assembly District from 2006 to 2010. She ran for the California State Senate in 2010 but lost. In ...
);
Irvine, California Irvine () is a master-planned city in South Orange County, California, United States, in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. The Irvine Company started developing the area in the 1960s and the city was formally incorporated on December 28, 197 ...
(
Donald P. Wagner Donald P. Wagner (born December 3, 1960) is an American politician, currently serving as a member of the Orange County Board of Supervisors for the 3rd district and vice chair. He previously served as mayor of Irvine, California and as a Republ ...
);
Long Beach, California Long Beach is a city in Los Angeles County, California. It is the 42nd-most populous city in the United States, with a population of 466,742 as of 2020. A charter city, Long Beach is the seventh-most populous city in California. Incorporate ...
( Robert Garcia);
Louisville, Kentucky Louisville ( , , ) is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Kentucky and the 28th most-populous city in the United States. Louisville is the historical seat and, since 2003, the nominal seat of Jefferson County, on the Indiana border ...
(
Greg Fischer Gregory Edward Fischer (born January 14, 1958) is an American businessman, entrepreneur and 2nd mayor of Louisville Metro. In 2019, he was elected vice president of the U.S. Conference of Mayors and served as its president in 2020. Fischer ...
);
Lubbock, Texas Lubbock ( ) is the 10th-most populous city in the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of government of Lubbock County. With a population of 260,993 in 2021, the city is also the 85th-most populous in the United States. The city is in the nort ...
(
Dan Pope Daniel Manning Pope (born March 19, 1963) is an American businessman and politician. He is the 35th Mayor of Lubbock, Texas, and has completed his third term as Mayor. Early life Pope was born in Temple, Texas to Bert and Marcia Pope and grad ...
);
Newark, New Jersey Newark ( , ) is the List of municipalities in New Jersey, most populous City (New Jersey), city in the U.S. state of New Jersey and the county seat, seat of Essex County, New Jersey, Essex County and the second largest city within the New Yo ...
( Ras J. Baraka);
Reno, Nevada Reno ( ) is a city in the northwest section of the U.S. state of Nevada, along the Nevada-California border, about north from Lake Tahoe, known as "The Biggest Little City in the World". Known for its casino and tourism industry, Reno is th ...
( Hillary Schieve);
San Jose, California San Jose, officially San José (; ; ), is a major city in the U.S. state of California that is the cultural, financial, and political center of Silicon Valley and largest city in Northern California by both population and area. With a 2020 popu ...
(
Sam Liccardo Samuel Theodore Liccardo (born April 16, 1970) is an American attorney and politician from California and mayor of San José, California, a position he has held since January 1, 2015. A member of the Democratic Party, Liccardo was elected mayor ...
); and
Santa Ana, California Santa Ana () is the second most populous city and the county seat of Orange County, California. Located in the Greater Los Angeles region of Southern California, the city's population was 310,227 at the 2020 census, making Santa Ana the 13th-m ...
(Miguel Pulido). In
San Bernardino, California San Bernardino (; Spanish for "Saint Bernardino") is a city and county seat of San Bernardino County, California, United States. Located in the Inland Empire region of Southern California, the city had a population of 222,101 in the 2020 ce ...
, John Valdivia defeated incumbent Mayor R. Carey Davis. Open seats were won in
Anaheim, California Anaheim ( ) is a city in northern Orange County, California, part of the Los Angeles metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States Census, the city had a population of 346,824, making it the most populous city in Orange County, the 10th-most ...
( Harry Sidhu);
Chandler, Arizona Chandler is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States, and a suburb in the Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). It is bordered to the north and west by Tempe, to the north by Mesa, to the west by Phoenix, to t ...
(Kevin Hartke);
Garland, Texas Garland is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is located northeast of Dallas and is a part of the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. It is located within Dallas County except for small portions located in Collin and Rockwall Counties. At the ...
(Lori Barnett-Dodson); and
Trenton, New Jersey Trenton is the capital city of the U.S. state of New Jersey and the county seat of Mercer County. It was the capital of the United States from November 1 to December 24, 1784.Reed Gusciora Walter Reed Gusciora (born March 27, 1960) is an American Democratic Party politician who has served as the mayor of Trenton, New Jersey since 2018. He previously served from 1996 to 2018 in the New Jersey General Assembly, where he represented t ...
).{{cite web, url=https://ballotpedia.org/United_States_municipal_elections,_2018, title=United States municipal elections, 2018, publisher=Ballotpedia, website=ballotpedia.org, access-date=December 5, 2018 In
Oklahoma City Oklahoma City (), officially the City of Oklahoma City, and often shortened to OKC, is the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The county seat of Oklahoma County, it ranks 20th among United States cities in population, and ...
, David Holt, a member of the
Osage Nation The Osage Nation ( ) ( Osage: 𐓁𐒻 𐓂𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒰͘ ('), "People of the Middle Waters") is a Midwestern Native American tribe of the Great Plains. The tribe developed in the Ohio and Mississippi river valleys around 700 BC along ...
, was the first Native American to be elected mayor. In
Fort Smith, Arkansas Fort Smith is the third-largest city in Arkansas and one of the two county seats of Sebastian County. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 89,142. It is the principal city of the Fort Smith, Arkansas–Oklahoma Metropolitan Statistical Are ...
,
George McGill George S. McGill (February 12, 1879May 14, 1963) was an American politician who served as a United States senator from Kansas from 1930 to 1939. He was a member of the Democratic Party. , McGill was the most recent Democrat to represent Kansas ...
won an open seat and became the city's first black mayor. Mayoral elections in November 2018 in
Phoenix, Arizona Phoenix ( ; nv, Hoozdo; es, Fénix or , yuf-x-wal, Banyà:nyuwá) is the List of capitals in the United States, capital and List of cities and towns in Arizona#List of cities and towns, most populous city of the U.S. state of Arizona, with 1 ...
, and Corpus Christi and
Laredo, Texas Laredo ( ; ) is a city in and the county seat of Webb County, Texas, United States, on the north bank of the Rio Grande in South Texas, across from Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Laredo has the distinction of flying seven flags (the Flag of th ...
, as well as
Little Rock, Arkansas ( The "Little Rock") , government_type = Council-manager , leader_title = Mayor , leader_name = Frank Scott Jr. , leader_party = D , leader_title2 = Council , leader_name2 ...
, resulted in no single candidate carrying a majority of the vote. Frank Scott Jr. won the December 2018 runoff to become Little Rock's first elected African-American mayor. In Texas, incumbents won their runoff races in Laredo ( Pete Saenz) and Corpus Christi (
Joe McComb Joe McComb is an American businessman and politician who served as the mayor of Corpus Christi, Texas from 2017 to 2021. McComb had previously served on the city council and as a Nueces County Commissioner. Prior to entering politics, McComb had r ...
). The Phoenix mayoral runoff was held in March 2019. Although most local offices are nonpartisan, when looking at party identification of the officeholders, registered Republicans gained two mayorships during 2018. Linda Gorton won a seat previously held by a Democrat in
Lexington, Kentucky Lexington is a city in Kentucky, United States that is the county seat of Fayette County. By population, it is the second-largest city in Kentucky and 57th-largest city in the United States. By land area, it is the country's 28th-largest ...
and Bob Dyer won a seat previously held by an independent in
Virginia Beach, Virginia Virginia Beach is an independent city located on the southeastern coast of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. The population was 459,470 at the 2020 census. Although mostly suburban in character, it is the most populous city ...
. Following the November elections, registered Democrats hold 60 mayorships (−1) in the 100 largest cities in the United States, registered Republicans hold 28 (+2) and independents hold{{nbsp7 (−1).


Special elections

Two nonpartisan mayoral special elections were held in 2018: *
Special election A by-election, also known as a special election in the United States and the Philippines, a bye-election in Ireland, a bypoll in India, or a Zimni election (Urdu: ضمنی انتخاب, supplementary election) in Pakistan, is an election used to f ...
in
Nashville, Tennessee Nashville is the capital city of the U.S. state of Tennessee and the seat of Davidson County. With a population of 689,447 at the 2020 U.S. census, Nashville is the most populous city in the state, 21st most-populous city in the U.S., and ...
following the resignation of Mayor Megan Barry, held on May 24, 2018; won by
David Briley Clifton David Briley (born January 8, 1964) is an American politician. A Democrat, he was the eighth mayor of Metropolitan Nashville and Davidson County. He was elected in 2015 as vice-mayor and was sworn in as acting mayor after Megan Barry's ...
. *
Special election A by-election, also known as a special election in the United States and the Philippines, a bye-election in Ireland, a bypoll in India, or a Zimni election (Urdu: ضمنی انتخاب, supplementary election) in Pakistan, is an election used to f ...
in
San Francisco, California San Francisco (; Spanish for " Saint Francis"), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Northern California. The city proper is the fourth most populous in California and 17t ...
following the death of Mayor Ed Lee, held on June 5, 2018; won by
London Breed London Nicole Breed (born August 11, 1974) is an American politician who is the 45th and current mayor of the City and County of San Francisco. She was supervisor for District 5 and was president of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, Board ...
.


Other local elections and referendums

* Washington, D.C., re-elected Democrats
Michael D. Brown Michael DeWayne Brown (born November 8, 1954) is an American attorney and former government official who served as the administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) from 2003 to 2005. He joined FEMA as general counsel in 2001 an ...
as shadow senator and
Franklin Garcia Franklin Garcia (born May 24, 1969) is an American politician and three-term shadow member of the U.S. House of Representatives from the District of Columbia, serving from January 2015 to 2021. In 2020, he declined to run for a fourth term as ...
as shadow representative, offices that are charged with lobbying Congress for D.C. statehood. * Also during Washington, D.C.'s June 19 primary elections, voters approved Initiative 77, which would phase out the
minimum wage A minimum wage is the lowest remuneration that employers can legally pay their employees—the price floor below which employees may not sell their labor. Most countries had introduced minimum wage legislation by the end of the 20th century. B ...
exemption for tipped employees. The
D.C. Council The Council of the District of Columbia is the legislative branch of the local government of the District of Columbia, the capital of the United States. As permitted in the United States Constitution, the district is not part of any U.S. state ...
subsequently repealed the initiative. * In
Anchorage, Alaska Anchorage () is the largest city in the U.S. state of Alaska by population. With a population of 291,247 in 2020, it contains nearly 40% of the state's population. The Anchorage metropolitan area, which includes Anchorage and the neighboring ...
, Municipal Proposition 1, a petition-based initiative to limit access to bathrooms and locker rooms based on biological sex, was defeated. * At least two citizen initiatives sought to change how candidates are elected in non-partisan local elections with mixed results in 2018. In
Fargo, North Dakota Fargo (Help:IPA/English, /ˈfɑɹɡoʊ/) is a city in and the county seat of Cass County, North Dakota, Cass County, North Dakota, United States. According to the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, its population was 125,990, making it the ...
, voters approved the use of
approval voting Approval voting is an electoral system in which voters can select many candidates instead of selecting only one candidate. Description Approval voting ballots show a list of the options of candidates running. Approval voting lets each voter i ...
while in
Lane County, Oregon Lane County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 382,971, making it the fourth-most populous county in Oregon. The county seat is Eugene. It is named in honor of Joseph Lane, Ore ...
voters rejected the use of STAR voting. Voters in Memphis, Tennessee rejected two referendums seeking to repeal the use of
instant-runoff voting Instant-runoff voting (IRV) is a type of Ranked voting, ranked preferential Electoral system, voting method. It uses a Majority rule, majority voting rule in single-winner elections where there are more than two candidates. It is commonly referr ...
in city elections, which is set to begin being used in 2019. * In
Lincoln, Nebraska Lincoln is the capital city of the U.S. state of Nebraska and the county seat of Lancaster County. The city covers with a population of 292,657 in 2021. It is the second-most populous city in Nebraska and the 73rd-largest in the United ...
, voters approved a term-limits amendment to the city charter, blocking three-term incumbent Mayor
Chris Beutler Chris Beutler (born November 14, 1944) is an American politician and former Mayor of Lincoln, Nebraska, having served from 2007 to 2019. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served in the Nebraska Legislature from 1979 to 1986 and fro ...
from running for re-election.


Tribal elections

Several notable Native American tribes held elections for top tribal leadership positions during 2018.
Osage Nation The Osage Nation ( ) ( Osage: 𐓁𐒻 𐓂𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒰͘ ('), "People of the Middle Waters") is a Midwestern Native American tribe of the Great Plains. The tribe developed in the Ohio and Mississippi river valleys around 700 BC along ...
Principal Chief Geoffrey Standing Bear, San Carlos Apache Nation Tribal Chairman Terry Rambler, and Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina Tribal Chairman Harvey Godwin Jr. were all re-elected to second terms.
Penobscot Nation The Penobscot (Abenaki: ''Pαnawάhpskewi'') are an Indigenous people in North America from the Northeastern Woodlands region. They are organized as a federally recognized tribe in Maine and as a First Nations band government in the Atlantic pr ...
Tribal Chief Kirk Francis was re-elected to a fifth term. Long-time Chairman of the Quapaw Tribe John Berrey was reelected, and voters formally changed the tribe's name to the Quapaw Nation.
Navajo Nation The Navajo Nation ( nv, Naabeehó Bináhásdzo), also known as Navajoland, is a Native Americans in the United States, Native American Indian reservation, reservation in the United States. It occupies portions of northeastern Arizona, northwe ...
President
Jonathan Nez Jonathan Nez (born May 26, 1975) is the 9th and current President of the Navajo Nation. He was elected in the 2018 election after having served as Vice President from 2015 to 2019. Earlier in his career, Jonathan Nez served as a council delegat ...
,
Oglala Sioux Tribe The Oglala (pronounced , meaning "to scatter one's own" in Lakota language) are one of the seven subtribes of the Lakota people who, along with the Dakota, make up the Očhéthi Šakówiŋ (Seven Council Fires). A majority of the Oglala live o ...
President
Julian Bear Runner Julian R. Bear Runner was president of the Oglala Sioux Tribe from 2018 to 2020. When elected, Bear Runner was the second-youngest person ever elected as president of the tribe. Election He was elected in 2018. At 33, he was the second-youngest ...
, Rosebud Sioux Tribe President Rodney Bordeaux, Tunica-BiloxiTribe Chairman Marshall Pierite, Yurok Tribal Chief Joe James, and United Houma Nation Principal Chief August "Cocoa" Creppel all won open seats.
White Mountain Apache The Fort Apache Indian Reservation is an Indian reservation on the border of New Mexico and Arizona, United States, encompassing parts of Navajo, Gila, and Apache counties. It is home to the federally recognized White Mountain Apache Tribe of th ...
Tribal Chairwoman Gwendena Lee-Gatewood won an open seat to become the first woman elected to lead the tribe. Ousted
Northern Cheyenne The Northern Cheyenne Tribe of the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation ( chy, Tsėhéstáno; formerly named the Tongue River) is the federally recognized Northern Cheyenne tribe. Located in southeastern Montana, the reservation is approximately ...
Tribal Council President L. Jace Killsback was re-elected by two votes in a special election on January{{nbsp2 after being removed from office in October 2017. He resigned from the position in October 2018 due to conflicts with the Tribal Council, triggering a new special election for January 2019.


Party leadership elections

{{Expand section, date=November 2020 * Troy Price was re-elected chair of the
Iowa Democratic Party The Iowa Democratic Party (IDP) is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Iowa. While existing when Iowa was granted statehood in 1846, it did not gain broad electoral success until the mid-1950s, when demographic change ...
. *
Mike Madigan Michael Joseph Madigan (born April 19, 1942) is an American politician who is the former speaker of the Illinois House of Representatives. He was the longest-serving leader of any state or federal legislative body in the history of the United Sta ...
was re-elected chair of the
Illinois Democratic Party The Democratic Party of Illinois is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Illinois. It is the oldest extant state party in Illinois and one of just two recognized parties in the state, along with the Republican Party. It is ...
.


Turnout

A total of 49.4 percent of eligible voters voted in 2018 (more than 122 million people), compared to a turnout of just 36.0 percent of eligible voters in 2014. The 2018 elections had highest turnout of any mid-term election held since the 1914 elections. Twenty-three states had double-digit percentage-point increases compared to average turnout in midterm elections held between 1982 and 2014. Georgia had the greatest increase over its 1982-2014 midterm average. Its 55% turnout was 21 points higher. Texas had a turnout of 46% which was 14 points higher. The ''United States Election Project'' estimated that 40 million early voters cast ballots before election day, breaking the record for the number of early votes.{{Cite web, url=https://qz.com/1452408/early-voting-breaks-all-previous-records-in-the-uss-2018-midterm-elections/, title=Early voting breaks all previous records in the US's 2018 midterm elections—Quartz, last=Timmons, first=Heather, date=November 6, 2018, website=qz.com, access-date=November 7, 2018 Some states, such as Texas and Nevada, reported that officials had received more early ballots than the total number of ballots processed in the 2014 midterm election.


Records and firsts

A total of $5.7 billion was spent in the 2018 elections for House and Senate races, the most expensive midterm race ever.{{Cite news, url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/07/politics/midterm-election-costs-topped-5-7-billion/index.html, author=Fredreka Schouten, publisher=CNN, title=A record $5.7 billion was spent on the 2018 elections for Congress, date=February 7, 2018 The single most expensive race was the Florida U.S. Senate campaign, in which candidates and outside groups spent $209 million to support or oppose Democratic nominee
Bill Nelson Clarence William Nelson II (born September 29, 1942) is an American politician and attorney serving as the administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Nelson previously served as a United States Senator from Flo ...
and Republican nominee
Rick Scott Richard Lynn Scott ( Myers, born December 1, 1952) is an American politician serving as the Seniority in the United States Senate, junior United States Senate, United States senator from Florida since 2019. A member of the Republican Party (U ...
, the latter of whom spent over $63 million of his personal fortune on his candidacy. The 2018 elections saw a number of significant successes for women candidates. Following the 2018 election, there was a record number of women (127) in the
116th Congress The 116th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives. It convened in Washington, D.C., on January 3, 2019, and ended on Janua ...
, up from 110 in the previous
115th Congress The 115th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States of America federal government, composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 2017, to January ...
. The share of women members in the 116th is 23.7 percent, up from 20.6 percent.Danielle Kurtzleben, Sean McMinn & Renee Klahr
What It Looks Like to Have a Record Number of Women in the House of Representatives
NPR (January 4, 2019).
Women in the U.S. Congress 2019
Center for American Women and Politics The Center for American Women and Politics (CAWP) is a unit of the Eagleton Institute of Politics at Rutgers University, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. Established in 1971, it is nationally and internationally recognized as the leadin ...
.
The number of Democratic women in the House increased by 25, while Republican women in the House declined by 10. The number of women in the Senate increased by three, with 2 Democrats and 1 Republican.Republican victory sets record for female senators
By Adam Levy, November 28, 2018. CNN.
The 2018 elections also saw a number of significant successes for LGBT candidates and religious and ethnic minorities.{{cite web, url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/07/politics/historic-firsts-midterms/index.html, title=Women and LGBT candidates make history in 2018 midterms, publisher=CNN, date=November 7, 2018, access-date=November 28, 2018
Jared Polis Jared Schutz Polis (; born May 12, 1975) is an American politician, entrepreneur, businessman, and philanthropist, serving as the 43rd governor of Colorado since January 2019. He served one term on the Colorado State Board of Education from 20 ...
, who was elected
governor of Colorado The governor of Colorado is the head of government of the U.S. state of Colorado. The governor is the head of the executive branch of Colorado's state government and is charged with enforcing state laws. The governor has the power to either app ...
, became the first openly gay man to be elected governor.{{efn, Oregon Governor
Kate Brown Katherine Brown (born June 21, 1960) is an American politician and attorney serving as the 38th governor of Oregon since 2015. A member of the Democratic Party, she served three terms as the state representative from the 13th district of the ...
, who is openly bisexual, was the first openly LGBT person to be elected governor, and Jim McGreevey
came out Coming out of the closet, often shortened to coming out, is a metaphor used to describe LGBT people's self-disclosure of their sexual orientation, romantic orientation, or gender identity. Framed and debated as a privacy issue, coming out of ...
as gay while in office as
governor of New Jersey The governor of New Jersey is the head of government of New Jersey. The office of governor is an elected position with a four-year term. There is a two consecutive term term limit, with no limitation on non-consecutive terms. The official r ...
.
Ilhan Omar Ilhan Abdullahi Omar (born October 4, 1982) is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative for since 2019. She is a member of the Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party. Before her election to Congress, Omar served in the Minnesot ...
of Minnesota and Rashida Tlaib of Michigan became the first
Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...
women elected to the House of Representatives;
Ayanna Pressley Ayanna Soyini Pressley (born February 3, 1974) is an American politician who has served as the U.S. representative for Massachusetts's 7th congressional district since 2019. This district includes the northern three quarters of Boston, most of C ...
became the first female
African-American African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of ensl ...
Representative from
Massachusetts Massachusetts (Massachusett: ''Muhsachuweesut Massachusett_writing_systems.html" ;"title="nowiki/> məhswatʃəwiːsət.html" ;"title="Massachusett writing systems">məhswatʃəwiːsət">Massachusett writing systems">məhswatʃəwiːsət'' En ...
;
Sharice Davids Sharice Lynnette Davids (; born May 22, 1980) is an American attorney, former mixed martial artist, and politician serving as the U.S. representative from since 2019. A member of the Democratic Party, she represents a district that includes mos ...
of
Kansas Kansas () is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. Its Capital city, capital is Topeka, Kansas, Topeka, and its largest city is Wichita, Kansas, Wichita. Kansas is a landlocked state bordered by Nebras ...
and
Deb Haaland Debra Anne Haaland (; born December 2, 1960) is an American politician serving as the 54th United States secretary of the interior. A member of the Democratic Party, she served as chair of the New Mexico Democratic Party from 2015 to 2017 and a ...
of
New Mexico ) , population_demonym = New Mexican ( es, Neomexicano, Neomejicano, Nuevo Mexicano) , seat = Santa Fe, New Mexico, Santa Fe , LargestCity = Albuquerque, New Mexico, Albuquerque , LargestMetro = Albuquerque metropolitan area, Tiguex , Offi ...
became the first Native American women elected to Congress, and
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (; ; born October 13, 1989), also known by her initials AOC, is an American politician and activist. She has served as the U.S. representative for New York's 14th congressional district since 2019, as a member of ...
of
New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States New York may also refer to: Film and television * '' ...
became the youngest-ever female member of the House at age 29. Other candidates failed to achieve historic firsts, including gubernatorial candidates
Christine Hallquist Christine Hallquist (born April 11, 1956) is an American politician and former CEO of Vermont Electric Cooperative (VEC). She is the first openly transgender major-party nominee for governor in the United States, winning the 2018 Democratic n ...
(D-VT) and
Paulette Jordan Paulette E. Jordan (born December 7, 1979) is an American politician who served in the Idaho House of Representatives as a member of the Idaho Democratic Party from December 1, 2014 until February 14, 2018. She previously served on the Coeur d ...
(D-ID). Hallquist was the first transgender person to be a major party's nominee for governor and would have been the first transgender governor, but lost to incumbent Republican
Phil Scott Philip Brian Scott (born August 4, 1958) is an American politician, businessman and stock car racer who has served as the 82nd governor of Vermont since 2017. A member of the Republican Party, he was elected governor in the 2016 general electi ...
in the general election, and Jordan, who would have been the first Native American female governor, lost to Republican
Brad Little Bradley Jay Little (born February 15, 1954) is an American politician serving as the 33rd governor of Idaho since January 2019. A member of the Republican Party, he served as the 42nd lieutenant governor of Idaho from 2009 to 2019 and as an Idah ...
in the general election.{{Cite web , url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/annehelenpetersen/paulette-jordan-first-native-american-governor-idaho , title=Could Paulette Jordan Be The First Native American Governor? In Idaho, any Democrat running is a long shot. But Paulette Jordan—who, if elected, would become the first Native American to serve as a governor—doesn't mind the odds, and isn't heeding calls to let an older, white, established candidate take her place. , last=Petersen , first=Anne , date=2018-04-26 , website=Buzzfeed News , access-date=2018-09-04 Following the 2018 election, Minnesota became the only state in which each party controlled one chamber of the state legislature, though in Alaska, Republicans controlled one chamber and a cross-party coalition controlled the other. This represented the fewest divided legislatures since the 1914 elections, when there only one state with a divided legislature. Nevada became the first state in U.S. history to have an overall female majority in the state legislature, with women holding 23 of 42 seats in the state Assembly and nine of 21 seats in the state Senate. Women made up the majority of a single state legislative chamber, rather than the entire state legislature, on one previous occasion, in the 2009-2010
New Hampshire State Senate The New Hampshire Senate has been meeting since 1784. It is the upper house of the New Hampshire General Court, alongside the lower New Hampshire House of Representatives. It consists of 24 members representing Senate districts based on population ...
. The 2018 elections also saw Guam elect a female majority to their territorial legislature.


Ballot controversies and recounts


Arizona

In Arizona, a court settlement was reached on November 9 between Democrats and Republicans after Republicans filed a lawsuit on November{{nbsp7 to attempt to prevent Maricopa and Pima counties from using procedures that permit mail-in ballot fixes to occur beyond election day. The settlement gave all counties until November 14 to address problems with the ballots for the state's Senate race. Ultimately, Republican candidate
Martha McSally Martha Elizabeth McSally (born March 22, 1966) is an American politician and former military pilot who served as a United States senator for Arizona from 2019 to 2020. A member of the Republican Party, she served as the U.S. representative for ...
conceded the race.


Florida

Recounts of ballots were ordered for Florida's Senate, governor, and agriculture commissioner races on November 10 after the tallies from 67 counties were deemed too close to call. Due to the recount ordered, Democratic candidate
Andrew Gillum Andrew Demetric Gillum (born July 26, 1979) is an American former politician who served as the 126th mayor of Tallahassee from 2014 to 2018. He served as a Tallahassee city commissioner from 2003 until 2014, first elected at the age of 23. He ...
withdrew his earlier concession to Republican candidate
Ron DeSantis Ronald Dion DeSantis (; born September 14, 1978) is an American politician serving as the 46th governor of Florida since January 2019. A member of the Republican Party, DeSantis represented Florida's 6th district in the U.S. House of Repres ...
. In total eight lawsuits were filed in the days after November 7. After recounts were held for each race, the Democratic candidates for Senate and governor and the Republican candidate for agriculture commissioner all conceded between November 17 and November 19. On November 19, the Supervisor of Elections for Broward County, Florida, Brenda Snipes, announced her resignation from her post, effective January 4, 2019, after national scrutiny led to widespread condemnation by Republicans.


Georgia

In Georgia, a judge placed a temporary restraining order on Doughterty County results on November{{nbsp9 as, among other things, some of the 14,000 absentee ballots were allegedly re-routed through Tallahassee due to
Hurricane Michael Hurricane Michael was a very powerful and destructive tropical cyclone that became the first Category 5 hurricane to make landfall in the contiguous United States since Andrew in 1992. It was the third-most intense Atlantic hurricane to ma ...
, resulting in a delay to the county election office certifying its results. On November 17, Georgia Secretary of State Robyn Crittenden certified the election result, a day after the restraining order expired.{{cite web , url=https://politics.myajc.com/news/state--regional-govt--politics/georgia-certifies-election-results-after-nearly-two-weeks-drama/VOUIvFPmmzxad39XQFuoPP/ , title=Georgia certifies election results after nearly two weeks of drama , last=Niesse , first=Mark , date=November 17, 2018 , access-date=December 16, 2018 Before the election there were allegations of voter suppression raised in Georgia, as well as outcry that candidate
Brian Kemp Brian Porter Kemp (born November 2, 1963) is an American businessman and politician serving as the 83rd governor of Georgia since January 2019. A member of the Republican Party, Kemp served as the 27th secretary of state of Georgia from 2010 to ...
did not resign from his position as Secretary of State, which oversaw the election. On November 12, Democratic gubernatorial candidate
Stacey Abrams Stacey Yvonne Abrams (; born December 9, 1973) is an American politician, lawyer, voting rights activist, and author who served in the Georgia House of Representatives from 2007 to 2017, serving as minority leader from 2011 to 2017. A member ...
filed a lawsuit to prevent two counties from rejecting absentee ballots with minor mistakes, such as if a voter moved and had not changed their address. During her concession speech on November 16, Abrams announced her plans to file a federal lawsuit challenging the way the state elections were run. She alleged that Kemp used his position of Secretary of State and its office to aggressively purge the rolls of inactive voters, enforce an "exact match" policy for checking voters' identities that left many voters in limbo and other measures to tip the election in his favor.


North Carolina

{{Further, 2018 North Carolina's 9th congressional district election The North Carolina Board of Elections voted unanimously on December{{nbsp4 to not certify the congressional race in North Carolina's 9th district after allegations of potential widespread election fraud in the district.{{Cite news, url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2018/12/05/shoe-leather-reporting-boosting-north-carolinas-explosive-election-fraud-investigation/, title=The Shoe-Leather Reporting Boosting North Carolina's Explosive Election Fraud Investigation, last=Rosenberg, first=Eli, date=December 5, 2018, newspaper=The Washington Post, access-date=December 5, 2018 The board then declared a public hearing for December 21 to ensure the election was without corruption. ''
The Washington Post ''The Washington Post'' (also known as the ''Post'' and, informally, ''WaPo'') is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C. It is the most widely circulated newspaper within the Washington metropolitan area and has a large n ...
'' reported on December{{nbsp5 that the board had collected as evidence of election fraud six sworn statements from voters in
Bladen County Bladen County ()
, from the North Carolina Collection's website at the
...
alleging that individuals called on them to pick up their absentee ballots. Incoming Democratic Majority Leader
Steny Hoyer Steny Hamilton Hoyer (born June 14, 1939) is an American politician and attorney serving as the U.S. representative for since 1981 and as House Majority Leader since 2019. A Democrat, Hoyer was first elected in a special election on May 19, 19 ...
announced that the House of Representatives would not seat the apparent winner, Republican Mark Harris, until the fraud investigation had been completed, leaving it vacant at the start of the 116th United States Congress. After a delay caused by a restructuring of the board, hearings resumed on February 18, 2019. On that day the regulator reported that it had found evidence of "a coordinated, unlawful and substantially resourced absentee ballot scheme" that may have involved more than a thousand ballots or ballot request forms. The board then unanimously voted on February 21, 2019, to call a new election, which was held on September 10, 2019. Harris declined to run in the special election, and the GOP instead nominated Dan Bishop, a Republican state senator. Democratic candidate Dan McCready again sought and received the Democratic nomination. The race was regarded as being a toss-up and a potential bellwether for the 2020 presidential election; Bishop ultimately won by about two percentage points.{{cite news , last1=Fausset , first1=Richard , last2=Martin , first2=Jonathan , title=Dan Bishop, North Carolina Republican, Wins Special Election , url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/10/us/politics/north-carolina-special-election.html , website=New York Times , date=September 10, 2019 , access-date=October 14, 2019


Foreign interference

{{main, Russian interference in the 2018 United States elections In early 2018, six U.S. intelligence agencies unanimously reported their conclusion that Russian personnel were monitoring American electoral systems and promoting partisan causes on social media. Director of National Intelligence
Dan Coats Daniel Ray Coats (born May 16, 1943) is an American politician, attorney, and former diplomat. From 2017 to 2019, he served as the Director of National Intelligence in the Trump administration. A member of the Republican Party, he served as a ...
stated during congressional testimony that "the United States asunder attack" from Russian efforts to impact the results of the elections.
United States Secretary of State The United States secretary of state is a member of the executive branch of the federal government of the United States and the head of the U.S. Department of State. The office holder is one of the highest ranking members of the president's Ca ...
Mike Pompeo Michael Richard Pompeo (; born December 30, 1963) is an American politician, diplomat, and businessman who served under President Donald Trump as director of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) from 2017 to 2018 and as the 70th United State ...
warned in a committee hearing that the federal government was not adequately protected from Russian interference in the 2018 midterm elections, saying: "No responsible government official would ever state that they have done enough to forestall any attack on the United States of America". At the July
2018 Russia–United States summit Eighteen or 18 may refer to: * 18 (number), the natural number following 17 and preceding 19 * one of the years 18 BC, AD 18, 1918, 2018 Film, television and entertainment * ''18'' (film), a 1993 Taiwanese experimental film based on the short ...
, President Trump downplayed the conclusions of the
United States Intelligence Community United may refer to: Places * United, Pennsylvania, an unincorporated community * United, West Virginia, an unincorporated community Arts and entertainment Films * ''United'' (2003 film), a Norwegian film * ''United'' (2011 film), a BBC Two f ...
, stating that he believed Russian President
Vladimir Putin Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin; (born 7 October 1952) is a Russian politician and former intelligence officer who holds the office of president of Russia. Putin has served continuously as president or prime minister since 1999: as prime min ...
's repeated denials of interference in American elections. Trump would later accuse
China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, most populous country, with a Population of China, population exceeding 1.4 billion, slig ...
of meddling in the U.S. midterm elections, asserting that "they don't want me or us to win" because of his imposition of tariffs on Chinese goods.{{cite web, last=Landler, first=Mark, url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/26/world/asia/trump-china-election.html, title=Trump Accuses China of Interfering in Midterm Elections, newspaper=The New York Times, date=September 26, 2018 In August 2018, Coats and FBI director Christopher Wray announced at a White House press conference that Russia was actively interfering in the 2018 elections. In July 2018, Democratic Senator
Claire McCaskill Claire Conner McCaskill (; born July 24, 1953) is an American politician who served as a United States Senator from Missouri from 2007 to 2019 and as State Auditor of Missouri from 1999 to 2007. McCaskill is a native of Rolla, Missouri. She g ...
alleged that Russian hackers unsuccessfully attempted to break into her Senate email account. The following month, NPR reported that Democratic Senator
Jeanne Shaheen Cynthia Jeanne Shaheen ( ; née Bowers, born January 28, 1947) is an American retired educator and politician serving as the senior United States senator from New Hampshire since 2009. A member of the Democratic Party, Shaheen served as the 78 ...
from New Hampshire reported to the FBI several attempts to compromise her campaign including both spearphishing attempts on her staff and a disturbing incident where someone called her offices "impersonating a Latvian official, trying to set up a meeting to talk
bout Bout can mean: People *Viktor Bout, suspected arms dealer *Jan Everts Bout, early settler to New Netherland *Marcel Bout Musical instruments * The outward-facing round parts of the body shape of violins, guitars, and other stringed instrumen ...
Russian sanctions and about Ukraine". Her opposition to Russian aggression and support of sanctions had placed her on an official Russian blacklist. On August 8, 2018, U.S. Senator
Bill Nelson Clarence William Nelson II (born September 29, 1942) is an American politician and attorney serving as the administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Nelson previously served as a United States Senator from Flo ...
from Florida told the ''
Tampa Bay Times The ''Tampa Bay Times'', previously named the ''St. Petersburg Times'' until 2011, is an American newspaper published in St. Petersburg, Florida, United States. It has won fourteen Pulitzer Prizes since 1964, and in 2009, won two in a single ...
'' that Russian operatives had penetrated some of Florida's election systems, though he was criticized by ''
The Washington Post ''The Washington Post'' (also known as the ''Post'' and, informally, ''WaPo'') is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C. It is the most widely circulated newspaper within the Washington metropolitan area and has a large n ...
''{{'s Fact Checker for providing no evidence of Russian hacking. In 2019, Special Counsel Robert Mueller's investigation on Russian interference in the 2016 election concluded "at least one Florida county" was successfully penetrated, and Governor Ron DeSantis said voter databases in two counties had been successfully penetrated. On December 22, 2018, Coats reported that there was no evidence of vote tampering, but that "influence operations" had persisted. "The activity we did see was consistent with what we shared in the weeks leading up to the election. Russia, and other foreign countries, including China and Iran, conducted influence activities and messaging campaigns targeted at the United States to promote their strategic interests". That same month, ''Politico'' reported that the
National Republican Congressional Committee The National Republican Congressional Committee (NRCC) is the Republican Hill committee which works to elect Republicans to the United States House of Representatives. The NRCC was formed in 1866, when the Republican caucuses of the House and ...
had been hacked, though it was unclear which group was responsible for the data breach. The ''
Voice of America Voice of America (VOA or VoA) is the State media, state-owned news network and International broadcasting, international radio broadcaster of the United States, United States of America. It is the largest and oldest U.S.-funded international br ...
'' reported in April 2020 that "U.S. intelligence agencies concluded the Chinese hackers meddled in both the 2016 and 2018 elections". In 2022, it was reported that a
Federal Election Commission The Federal Election Commission (FEC) is an independent regulatory agency of the United States whose purpose is to enforce campaign finance law in United States federal elections. Created in 1974 through amendments to the Federal Election Cam ...
investigation had found that
American Ethane Company American Ethane Company, LLC (AEC) is the largest producer of ethane in the United States. It is a Houston, Texas, based American petroleum company established in January 2014 with offices in New Orleans. It is privately held with large investmen ...
, which had received investments from Russian oligarchs, had contributed Russian money to US political candidates in the 2018 midterm elections, largely in Louisiana. FEC commissioners Ellen Weintraub and
Shana M. Broussard Shana M. Broussard is an American attorney who served as the chair of the Federal Election Commission (FEC) for 2021. She has been a Democratic member of the FEC since December 15, 2020. Early life and education Broussard was born on the Va ...
criticized the Republicans in the FEC for a "slap on the wrist" civil penalty.


Aftermath and reactions

{{further, 116th Congress, Presidency of Donald Trump {{see also, 2019 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election {{multiple image , align = right , total_width = 320 , image1 = Donald Trump official portrait.jpg , alt1 = , image2 = Nancy Pelosi 2012.jpg , alt2 = , footer = Republican President
Donald Trump Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is an American politician, media personality, and businessman who served as the 45th president of the United States from 2017 to 2021. Trump graduated from the Wharton School of the University of P ...
and Democratic House Minority Leader
Nancy Pelosi Nancy Patricia Pelosi (; ; born March 26, 1940) is an American politician who has served as Speaker of the United States House of Representatives since 2019 and previously from 2007 to 2011. She has represented in the United States House of ...
each declared victory for their respective parties in the 2018 elections The Democratic takeover of the House of Representatives gave the Democratic Party the ability to block Republican legislation in the 116th United States Congress, which met from January 2019 to January 2021. The takeover also gave the Democrats control of
congressional committees A congressional committee is a legislative sub-organization in the United States Congress that handles a specific duty (rather than the general duties of Congress). Committee membership enables members to develop specialized knowledge of the ...
, along with the accompanying power to issue
subpoena A subpoena (; also subpœna, supenna or subpena) or witness summons is a writ issued by a government agency, most often a court, to compel testimony by a witness or production of evidence under a penalty for failure. There are two common types of ...
s and conduct investigations. Continued Republican control of the Senate gave the Republican Party the opportunity to confirm President Trump's nominees without Democratic support.{{cite news , last1=Prokop , first1=Andrew , title=The midterm elections are about whether Republican power will be checked , url=https://www.vox.com/2018/10/8/17923504/2018-elections-midterms-trump-races-polls , access-date=November 11, 2018 , publisher=Vox , date=November 5, 2018 During the 116th Congress, the Republican-controlled Senate confirmed numerous Trump-appointed judges. After the election, despite the Democratic takeover of the House, President Trump claimed he had won a "big victory". He indicated that he looked forward to "a beautiful bipartisan-type situation" but promised to assume a "warlike posture" if House Democrats launched investigations as attacks on his administration. House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi asserted that her party won gains because of voter desire to "
estore E-commerce (electronic commerce) is the activity of electronically buying or selling of products on online services or over the Internet. E-commerce draws on technologies such as mobile commerce, electronic funds transfer, supply chain managem ...
the Constitution's checks and balances to the Trump administration". Senate Minority Leader
Chuck Schumer Charles Ellis Schumer ( ; born November 23, 1950) is an American politician serving as Senate Majority Leader since January 20, 2021. A member of the Democratic Party, Schumer is in his fourth Senate term, having held his seat since 1999, an ...
said Senate Democrats performed "much better than expected" in a difficult election cycle. Senate Majority Leader
Mitch McConnell Addison Mitchell McConnell III (born February 20, 1942) is an American politician and retired attorney serving as the senior United States senator from Kentucky and the Senate minority leader since 2021. Currently in his seventh term, McCon ...
said election day was "a very good day" for his party. The election was widely characterized as a " blue wave" election.{{cite news, url=https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/yes-it-was-a-blue-wave/, title=Yes, It Was A Blue Wave, date=November 14, 2018, access-date=November 14, 2018, publisher=FiveThirtyEight{{Cite web, url=https://www.ft.com/content/859af1fa-f3e2-11e8-ae55-df4bf40f9d0d, title=Democratic 'blue wave' in US midterms finally crests, date=2018, website=Financial Times, access-date=December 22, 2018{{Cite web, url=https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/trumps-base-isnt-enough/, title=Trump's Base Isn't Enough, last=Silver, first=Nate, date=November 20, 2018, website=FiveThirtyEight, access-date=December 22, 2018{{Cite news, url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/13/us/politics/midterm-results-democratic-gains.html, title=A Week After the Election, Democratic Gains Grow Stronger, last=Burns, first=Alexander, date=November 13, 2018, work=The New York Times, access-date=December 22, 2018, issn=0362-4331 At the end of election night, Democratic gains in the House appeared modest and the Democratic candidates trailed in Senate races in Arizona and Montana and looked set to make a net loss of as many as four Senate seats, leading some news outlets to characterize the election as a "split decision" whereas other outlets described it as a "blue wave". However, late ballot counting over the next days and weeks found Democrats winning several more seats in the House and the Arizona and Montana Senate elections, leading to a re-evaluation of the initial election night analyses.{{Cite news, url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-46267519, title=How US mid-terms just got worse for Trump, last=Zurcher, first=Anthony, date=November 21, 2018, work=BBC News, access-date=December 29, 2018 One week after the election, Nathaniel Rakich of ''
FiveThirtyEight ''FiveThirtyEight'', sometimes rendered as ''538'', is an American website that focuses on opinion poll analysis, politics, economics, and sports blogging in the United States. The website, which takes its name from the number of electors in th ...
'' said the election was "by any historical standard, a blue wave". Two weeks after the election, Nate Silver of ''FiveThirtyEight'' wrote: "There shouldn't be much question about whether 2018 was a wave election. Of course it was a wave". It was third-largest midterm change of seats for either party in the House in the post-Watergate era, and the largest Democratic House gain since 1974. In Ohio and North Carolina, Democrats failed to pick up a single seat despite winning close to half the vote. While Democrats won almost half the vote in Ohio, they only won a quarter of its House elections. ''The New York Times'' asserted that gerrymandering affected the outcomes of races in those states. Democrats also made among the largest gains in House seats in Pennsylvania, where the state Supreme Court had struck down a heavily gerrymandered map that favored Republicans. Research has found that Republicans who voted for the repeal of the Affordable Care Act got lower vote shares in the 2018 election. Studies also show that Trump's implementation of tariffs that adversely affected the U.S. economy adversely affected Republican outcomes in the 2018 election. Racism and sexism was a stronger predictor of the vote in the House than it had been in the 2016 election, as less sexist and less racist voters switched from the Republican Party to the Democratic Party.


Table of state, territorial and federal results

{{see also, Political party strength in U.S. states This table shows the partisan results of Congressional, gubernatorial and state legislative races held in each state and
territories A territory is an area of land, sea, or space, particularly belonging or connected to a country, person, or animal. In international politics, a territory is usually either the total area from which a state may extract power resources or a ...
in 2018. Note that not all states and territories held gubernatorial, state legislative, and United States Senate elections in 2018—the territories and Washington, D.C. do not elect members of the United States Senate. Washington, D.C. and the five inhabited territories each elect one non-voting member of the United States House of Representatives. Nebraska's
unicameral Unicameralism (from ''uni''- "one" + Latin ''camera'' "chamber") is a type of legislature, which consists of one house or assembly, that legislates and votes as one. Unicameral legislatures exist when there is no widely perceived need for multi ...
legislature A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city. They are often contrasted with the executive and judicial powers of government. Laws enacted by legislatures are usually known ...
and the governorship and legislature of American Samoa are officially
non-partisan Nonpartisanism is a lack of affiliation with, and a lack of bias towards, a political party. While an Oxford English Dictionary definition of ''partisan'' includes adherents of a party, cause, person, etc., in most cases, nonpartisan refers s ...
. Several seats in the House of Representatives were vacant at the time of the election. {, class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="text-align: center;" , - !scope="col" colspan=2, Subdivision and PVI !scope="col" colspan=4, Before 2018 elections{{cite web, title=2017 State & Legislative Partisan Composition, url=http://www.ncsl.org/Portals/1/Documents/Elections/Legis_Control_2017_111517_31782.pdf, website=National Conference of State Legislatures, access-date=January 11, 2018 !scope="col" colspan=5, After 2018 elections , - ! Subdivision !data-sort-type="number"! scope="row", PVI{{cite web, last1=Coleman, first1=Miles, title=2016 State PVI Changes, url=https://decisiondeskhq.com/news/2016-state-pvi-changes/, website=Decision Desk HQ, access-date=November 9, 2017, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171014014358/http://decisiondeskhq.com/news/2016-state-pvi-changes/, archive-date=October 14, 2017, url-status=dead, df=mdy-all !Governor !State leg. ! U.S. Senate ! U.S. House !
Governor A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political ...
!State leg. ! U.S. Senate ! U.S. House , - ! scope="row" ,
Alabama (We dare defend our rights) , anthem = " Alabama" , image_map = Alabama in United States.svg , seat = Montgomery , LargestCity = Huntsville , LargestCounty = Baldwin County , LargestMetro = Greater Birmingham , area_total_km2 = 135,7 ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 114, R+14 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 186, Rep 6–1 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 186, Rep 6–1 , - ! scope="row" ,
Alaska Alaska ( ; russian: Аляска, Alyaska; ale, Alax̂sxax̂; ; ems, Alas'kaaq; Yup'ik: ''Alaskaq''; tli, Anáaski) is a state located in the Western United States on the northwest extremity of North America. A semi-exclave of the U ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 109, R+9 , {{Party shading/Independent (United States), Ind , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 201, Rep 1–0 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 201, Rep 1–0 , - ! scope="row" ,
Arizona Arizona ( ; nv, Hoozdo Hahoodzo ; ood, Alĭ ṣonak ) is a state in the Southwestern United States. It is the 6th largest and the 14th most populous of the 50 states. Its capital and largest city is Phoenix. Arizona is part of the Fou ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 105, R+5 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 156, Rep 5–4 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 144, Dem 5–4 , - ! scope="row" ,
Arkansas Arkansas ( ) is a landlocked state in the South Central United States. It is bordered by Missouri to the north, Tennessee and Mississippi to the east, Louisiana to the south, and Texas and Oklahoma to the west. Its name is from the O ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 115, R+15 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 204, Rep 4–0 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 204, Rep 4–0 , - ! scope="row" ,
California California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the m ...
, {{party shading/Democratic , {{sort, 088, D+12 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 126, Dem 39–14 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 113, Dem 46–7 , - ! scope="row" ,
Colorado Colorado (, other variants) is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It encompasses most of the Southern Rocky Mountains, as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the western edge of the ...
, {{party shading/Democratic , {{sort, 099, D+1 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{sort, M, Split , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 157, Rep 4–3 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 143, Dem 4–3 , - ! scope="row" ,
Connecticut Connecticut () is the southernmost state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York (state), New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the ...
, {{party shading/Democratic , {{sort, 094, D+6 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 095, Dem 5–0 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 095, Dem 5–0 , - ! scope="row" ,
Delaware Delaware ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Maryland to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and New Jersey and the Atlantic Ocean to its east. The state takes its name from the adjacent ...
, {{party shading/Democratic , {{sort, 094, D+6 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 099, Dem 1–0 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 099, Dem 1–0 , - ! scope="row" ,
Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 102, R+2 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 158, Rep 15–11 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 152, Rep 14–13 , - ! scope="row" ,
Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States Georgia may also refer to: Places Historical states and entities * Related to the ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 105, R+5 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 172, Rep 10–4 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 164, Rep 9–5 , - ! scope="row" ,
Hawaii Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only stat ...
, {{party shading/Democratic , {{sort, 082, D+18 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 098, Dem 2–0 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 098, Dem 2–0 , - ! scope="row" ,
Idaho Idaho ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. To the north, it shares a small portion of the Canada–United States border with the province of British Columbia. It borders the states of Monta ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 119, R+19 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 202, Rep 2–0 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 202, Rep 2–0 , - ! scope="row" ,
Illinois Illinois ( ) is a state in the Midwestern United States. Its largest metropolitan areas include the Chicago metropolitan area, and the Metro East section, of Greater St. Louis. Other smaller metropolitan areas include, Peoria and Rock ...
, {{party shading/Democratic , {{sort, 093, D+7 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 139, Dem 11–7 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 128, Dem 13–5 , - ! scope="row" ,
Indiana Indiana () is a U.S. state in the Midwestern United States. It is the 38th-largest by area and the 17th-most populous of the 50 States. Its capital and largest city is Indianapolis. Indiana was admitted to the United States as the 19th ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 109, R+9 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 178, Rep 7–2 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 178, Rep 7–2 , - ! scope="row" ,
Iowa Iowa () is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States, bordered by the Mississippi River to the east and the Missouri River and Big Sioux River to the west. It is bordered by six states: Wiscon ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 103, R+3 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 175, Rep 3–1 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 125, Dem 3–1 , - ! scope="row" ,
Kansas Kansas () is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. Its Capital city, capital is Topeka, Kansas, Topeka, and its largest city is Wichita, Kansas, Wichita. Kansas is a landlocked state bordered by Nebras ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 113, R+13 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 204, Rep 4–0 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 175, Rep 3–1 , - ! scope="row" ,
Kentucky Kentucky ( , ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States and one of the states of the Upper South. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north; West Virginia and Virginia ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 115, R+15 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 183, Rep 5–1 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 183, Rep 5–1 , - ! scope="row" ,
Louisiana Louisiana , group=pronunciation (French: ''La Louisiane'') is a state in the Deep South and South Central regions of the United States. It is the 20th-smallest by area and the 25th most populous of the 50 U.S. states. Louisiana is bord ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 111, R+11 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 183, Rep 5–1 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 183, Rep 5–1 , - ! scope="row" ,
Maine Maine () is a state in the New England and Northeastern regions of the United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Quebec to the northeast and nor ...
, {{party shading/Democratic , {{sort, 097, D+3 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{sort, M, Split , {{sort, M, Split R/I{{efn, name=Maine-split, One of Maine's senators,
Susan Collins Susan Margaret Collins (born December 7, 1952) is an American politician serving as the senior United States senator from Maine. A member of the Republican Party, she has held her seat since 1997 and is Maine's longest-serving member of Con ...
, is a Republican. The other senator from Maine,
Angus King Angus Stanley King Jr. (born March 31, 1944) is an American lawyer and politician serving as the junior United States senator from Maine since 2013. A political independent since 1993, he previously served as the 72nd governor of Maine from 19 ...
, is an independent who has caucused with the Democrats since taking office in 2013. , {{sort, 150, Split 1–1 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{sort, M, Split R/I{{efn, name=Maine-split , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 098, Dem 2–0 , - ! scope="row" ,
Maryland Maryland ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It shares borders with Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware and the Atlantic Ocean t ...
, {{party shading/Democratic , {{sort, 088, D+12 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 112, Dem 7–1 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 112, Dem 7–1 , - ! scope="row" ,
Massachusetts Massachusetts (Massachusett: ''Muhsachuweesut Massachusett_writing_systems.html" ;"title="nowiki/> məhswatʃəwiːsət.html" ;"title="Massachusett writing systems">məhswatʃəwiːsət">Massachusett writing systems">məhswatʃəwiːsət'' En ...
, {{party shading/Democratic , {{sort, 088, D+12 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 091, Dem 9–0 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 091, Dem 9–0 , - ! scope="row" ,
Michigan Michigan () is a state in the Great Lakes region of the upper Midwestern United States. With a population of nearly 10.12 million and an area of nearly , Michigan is the 10th-largest state by population, the 11th-largest by area, and t ...
, {{party shading/Democratic , {{sort, 099, D+1 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 169, Rep 9–4 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{sort, 150, Split 7–7 , - ! scope="row" ,
Minnesota Minnesota () is a state in the upper midwestern region of the United States. It is the 12th largest U.S. state in area and the 22nd most populous, with over 5.75 million residents. Minnesota is home to western prairies, now given over t ...
, {{party shading/Democratic , {{sort, 099, D+1 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 138, Dem 5–3 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 138, Dem 5–3 , - ! scope="row" ,
Mississippi Mississippi () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States, bordered to the north by Tennessee; to the east by Alabama; to the south by the Gulf of Mexico; to the southwest by Louisiana; and to the northwest by Arkansas. Miss ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 109, R+9 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 175, Rep 3–1 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 175, Rep 3–1 , - ! scope="row" ,
Missouri Missouri is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. Ranking 21st in land area, it is bordered by eight states (tied for the most with Tennessee): Iowa to the north, Illinois, Kentucky and Tennessee to the east, Arkansas t ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 109, R+9 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 175, Rep 6–2 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 175, Rep 6–2 , - ! scope="row" ,
Montana Montana () is a state in the Mountain West division of the Western United States. It is bordered by Idaho to the west, North Dakota and South Dakota to the east, Wyoming to the south, and the Canadian provinces of Alberta, British Columb ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 111, R+11 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 201, Rep 1–0 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 201, Rep 1–0 , - ! scope="row" ,
Nebraska Nebraska () is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. It is bordered by South Dakota to the north; Iowa to the east and Missouri to the southeast, both across the Missouri River; Kansas to the south; Colorado to the sout ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 114, R+14 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Nonpartisan, NP , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 203, Rep 3–0 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Nonpartisan, NP , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 203, Rep 3–0 , - ! scope="row" ,
Nevada Nevada ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, Western region of the United States. It is bordered by Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast, and Utah to the east. N ...
, {{party shading/Democratic , {{sort, 099, D+1 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 125, Dem 3–1 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 125, Dem 3–1 , - ! scope="row" ,
New Hampshire New Hampshire is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Gulf of Maine to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec t ...
, {{sort, 100, Even , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 098, Dem 2–0 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 098, Dem 2–0 , - ! scope="row" ,
New Jersey New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delawa ...
, {{party shading/Democratic , {{sort, 093, D+7 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 141, Dem 7–5 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 108, Dem 11–1 , - ! scope="row" ,
New Mexico ) , population_demonym = New Mexican ( es, Neomexicano, Neomejicano, Nuevo Mexicano) , seat = Santa Fe, New Mexico, Santa Fe , LargestCity = Albuquerque, New Mexico, Albuquerque , LargestMetro = Albuquerque metropolitan area, Tiguex , Offi ...
, {{party shading/Democratic , {{sort, 097, D+3 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 133, Dem 2–1 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 097, Dem 3–0 , - ! scope="row" ,
New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States New York may also refer to: Film and television * '' ...
, {{party shading/Democratic , {{sort, 089, D+11 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 135, Dem 17–9 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 122, Dem 21–6 , - ! scope="row" ,
North Carolina North Carolina () is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, 28th largest and List of states and territories of the United ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 103, R+3 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 177, Rep 10–3 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{party shading/Republican, {{sort, 177, Rep 9–3{{efn, name=NC9, Due to fraud allegations, the results for the North Carolina's 9th congressional district election were declared void, and the seat remained vacant at the start of the 116th United States Congress. A new special election will be held in 2019 to fill the seat. , - ! scope="row" ,
North Dakota North Dakota () is a U.S. state in the Upper Midwest, named after the indigenous Dakota Sioux. North Dakota is bordered by the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba to the north and by the U.S. states of Minnesota to the east, ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 117, R+17 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 201, Rep 1–0 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 201, Rep 1–0 , - ! scope="row" ,
Ohio Ohio () is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. Of the List of states and territories of the United States, fifty U.S. states, it is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, 34th-l ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 103, R+3 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 175, Rep 12–4 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 175, Rep 12–4 , - ! scope="row" ,
Oklahoma Oklahoma (; Choctaw: ; chr, ᎣᎧᎳᎰᎹ, ''Okalahoma'' ) is a state in the South Central region of the United States, bordered by Texas on the south and west, Kansas on the north, Missouri on the northeast, Arkansas on the east, New ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 120, R+20 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 204, Rep 4–0 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 180, Rep 4–1 , - ! scope="row" ,
Oregon Oregon () is a U.S. state, state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States. The Columbia River delineates much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington (state), Washington, while the Snake River delineates much of it ...
, {{party shading/Democratic , {{sort, 095, D+5 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 120, Dem 4–1 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 120, Dem 4–1 , - ! scope="row" ,
Pennsylvania Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, ...
, {{sort, 100, Even , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 163, Rep 12–6 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{sort, M, Split , {{sort, 150, Split 9–9 , - ! scope="row" ,
Rhode Island Rhode Island (, like ''road'') is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It is the List of U.S. states by area, smallest U.S. state by area and the List of states and territories of the United States ...
, {{party shading/Democratic , {{sort, 090, D+10 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 098, Dem 2–0 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 098, Dem 2–0 , - ! scope="row" ,
South Carolina )''Animis opibusque parati'' ( for, , Latin, Prepared in mind and resources, links=no) , anthem = " Carolina";" South Carolina On My Mind" , Former = Province of South Carolina , seat = Columbia , LargestCity = Charleston , LargestMetro = ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 108, R+8 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 186, Rep 6–1 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 171, Rep 5–2 , - ! scope="row" ,
South Dakota South Dakota (; Sioux: , ) is a U.S. state in the North Central region of the United States. It is also part of the Great Plains. South Dakota is named after the Lakota and Dakota Sioux Native American tribes, who comprise a large po ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 114, R+14 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 201, Rep 1–0 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 201, Rep 1–0 , - ! scope="row" ,
Tennessee Tennessee ( , ), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. Tennessee is the List of U.S. states and territories by area, 36th-largest by ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 114, R+14 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 178, Rep 7–2 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 178, Rep 7–2 , - ! scope="row" ,
Texas Texas (, ; Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2020, it is the second-largest U.S. state by ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 108, R+8 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 170, Rep 25–11 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 164, Rep 23–13 , - ! scope="row" ,
Utah Utah ( , ) is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. Utah is a landlocked U.S. state bordered to its east by Colorado, to its northeast by Wyoming, to its north by Idaho, to its south by Arizona, and to its ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 120, R+20 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 204, Rep 4–0 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 175, Rep 3–1 , - ! scope="row" ,
Vermont Vermont () is a U.S. state, state in the northeast New England region of the United States. Vermont is bordered by the states of Massachusetts to the south, New Hampshire to the east, and New York (state), New York to the west, and the Provin ...
, {{party shading/Democratic , {{sort, 085, D+15 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, DemS, Split D/I{{efn, name=Vermont-split, One of Vermont's senators,
Patrick Leahy Patrick Joseph Leahy (; born March 31, 1940) is an American politician and attorney who is the senior United States senator from Vermont and serves as the president pro tempore of the United States Senate. A member of the Democratic Party, ...
, is a Democrat. The other senator from Vermont,
Bernie Sanders Bernard Sanders (born September8, 1941) is an American politician who has served as the junior United States senator from Vermont since 2007. He was the U.S. representative for the state's at-large congressional district from 1991 to 20 ...
, was elected as an independent and has caucused with the Democrats since taking office in 2007. , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 099, Dem 1–0 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, DemS, Split D/I{{efn, name=Vermont-split , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 099, Dem 1–0 , - ! scope="row" ,
Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth are ...
, {{party shading/Democratic , {{sort, 099, D+1 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 164, Rep 7–4 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 136, Dem 7–4 , - ! scope="row" ,
Washington Washington commonly refers to: * Washington (state), United States * Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States ** A metonym for the federal government of the United States ** Washington metropolitan area, the metropolitan area centered o ...
, {{party shading/Democratic , {{sort, 093, D+7 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 140, Dem 6–4 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 130, Dem 7–3 , - ! scope="row" ,
West Virginia West Virginia is a state in the Appalachian, Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States.The Census Bureau and the Association of American Geographers classify West Virginia as part of the Southern United States while the ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 120, R+20 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 202, Rep 2–0 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 203, Rep 3–0 , - ! scope="row" ,
Wisconsin Wisconsin () is a state in the upper Midwestern United States. Wisconsin is the 25th-largest state by total area and the 20th-most populous. It is bordered by Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake M ...
, {{sort, 100, Even , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 163, Rep 5–3 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{sort, M, Split , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 163, Rep 5–3 , - ! scope="row" ,
Wyoming Wyoming () is a state in the Mountain West subregion of the Western United States. It is bordered by Montana to the north and northwest, South Dakota and Nebraska to the east, Idaho to the west, Utah to the southwest, and Colorado to t ...
, {{party shading/Republican , {{sort, 125, R+25 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 201, Rep 1–0 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, {{sort, 201, Rep 1–0 , - class="sortbottom" , ! scope="row", United States , Even , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep 33–16–1 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep 31–13–5 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep 51–49{{efn, name=Demsenatetotal, The Democratic Senate caucus consisted of 47 Democrats and 2 independents prior to the 2018 elections and 45 Democrats and two independents after the elections. , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep 235–193 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep 27–23 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep 29–18–2 , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep 53–47{{efn, name=Demsenatetotal , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem 235–199{{efn, name=NC9 , - class="sortbottom" , colspan=11 , , - class="sortbottom" , ! scope="row" , Washington, D.C. , {{party shading/Democratic, {{sort, 057, D+43 , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem{{efn, name=dc, Washington, D.C. does not elect a governor or state legislature, but it does elect a
mayor In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities of a mayor as well ...
and a
city council A municipal council is the legislative body of a municipality or local government area. Depending on the location and classification of the municipality it may be known as a city council, town council, town board, community council, rural coun ...
. , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem{{efn, name=dc , rowspan=6 {{n/a , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , rowspan=6 {{n/a , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , - class="sortbottom" , ! scope="row" ,
American Samoa American Samoa ( sm, Amerika Sāmoa, ; also ' or ') is an unincorporated territory of the United States located in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of the island country of Samoa. Its location is centered on . It is east of the Internatio ...
, rowspan=5 {{n/a , {{Party shading/Nonpartisan, NP/D{{efn, name=AS-governor, Although elections for governor of American Samoa are non-partisan, Governor Lolo Matalasi Moliga has affiliated with the Democratic Party at the national level since re-election in 2016. , {{Party shading/Nonpartisan, NP , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Nonpartisan, NP/D{{efn, name=AS-governor , {{Party shading/Nonpartisan, NP , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , - class="sortbottom" , ! scope="row" ,
Guam Guam (; ch, Guåhan ) is an organized, unincorporated territory of the United States in the Micronesia subregion of the western Pacific Ocean. It is the westernmost point and territory of the United States (reckoned from the geographic cent ...
, {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , - class="sortbottom" , ! scope="row" , N. Mariana Islands , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Independent (United States), Ind{{efn, name=CNMI-delegate, Delegate Gregorio Sablan was elected as an independent, but he has caucused with the Democrats since taking office in 2009. , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Republican, Rep , {{Party shading/Independent (United States), Ind{{efn, name=CNMI-delegate , - class="sortbottom" , ! scope="row" ,
Puerto Rico Puerto Rico (; abbreviated PR; tnq, Boriken, ''Borinquen''), officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico ( es, link=yes, Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico, lit=Free Associated State of Puerto Rico), is a Caribbean island and unincorporated ...
, {{Party shading/New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico, PNP/D{{efn, name=PR-governor, Puerto Rican Governor
Ricardo Rosselló Ricardo Antonio Rosselló Nevares (; born March 7, 1979) is a Puerto Rican politician who served as the governor of Puerto Rico from 2017 to 2019. He resigned on August 2, 2019, after protests related to the Telegramgate scandal. He is the s ...
was elected as a member of the New Progressive Party and affiliates with the Democratic Party at the national level. , {{Party shading/New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico, PNP , {{Party shading/New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico, PNP/R{{efn, name=PR-rescommish, Puerto Rico's Resident Commissioner,
Jenniffer González Jenniffer Aydin González Colón (born August 5, 1976) is a Puerto Rican politician who serves as the 20th Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico. González has served in leadership positions in the New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico (PNP) and in ...
, was elected as a member of the New Progressive Party and has caucused with the Republicans since taking office in 2017. , {{Party shading/New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico, PNP/D{{efn, name=PR-governor , {{Party shading/New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico, PNP , {{Party shading/New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico, PNP/R{{efn, name=PR-rescommish , - class="sortbottom" , ! scope="row" , U.S. Virgin Islands , {{Party shading/Independent (United States), Ind , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , {{Party shading/Democratic, Dem , - ! Subdivision ! PVI ! Governor ! State leg. ! U.S. Senate ! U.S. House !
Governor A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political ...
! State leg. ! U.S. Senate ! U.S. House , - ! colspan=2 , Subdivision and PVI ! colspan= 4 , Before 2018 elections ! colspan= 4 , After 2018 elections


Election night television viewership

{{col-begin {{col-break Legend{{Cite web , url=https://www.adweek.com/tvnewser/fox-news-cnn-split-2018-midterm-election-night-ratings-battle/383740 , title=Fox News, CNN Split the 2018 Midterm Election Ratings Battle , date=November 7, 2018 , website=Adweek {, class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;" , - style="background:#e5d1cb;" , cable news network , - style="background:#dfe2e9;" , broadcast network {{col-break Total television viewers
8:00 to 11:00 PM Eastern {, class="wikitable" , - ! Network !! Viewers , - style="background:#e5d1cb;" , FNC , , 7,784,000 , - style="background:#dfe2e9;" ,
NBC The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) is an American English-language commercial broadcast television and radio network. The flagship property of the NBC Entertainment division of NBCUniversal, a division of Comcast, its headquarters are l ...
, , 5,690,000 , - style="background:#dfe2e9;" , ABC , , 5,264,000 , - style="background:#e5d1cb;" , CNN , , 5,070,000 , - style="background:#e5d1cb;" ,
MSNBC MSNBC (originally the Microsoft National Broadcasting Company) is an American news-based pay television cable channel. It is owned by NBCUniversala subsidiary of Comcast. Headquartered in New York City, it provides news coverage and political ...
, , 4,479,000 , - style="background:#dfe2e9;" , CBS , , 3,897,000 {{col-break Television viewers 25 to 54
8:00 to 11:00 PM Eastern {, class="wikitable" , - ! Network !! Viewers , - style="background:#e5d1cb;" , CNN , , 2,573,000 , - style="background:#e5d1cb;" , FNC , , 2,392,000 , - style="background:#dfe2e9;" ,
NBC The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) is an American English-language commercial broadcast television and radio network. The flagship property of the NBC Entertainment division of NBCUniversal, a division of Comcast, its headquarters are l ...
, , 2,282,000 , - style="background:#dfe2e9;" , ABC , , 1,957,000 , - style="background:#e5d1cb;" ,
MSNBC MSNBC (originally the Microsoft National Broadcasting Company) is an American news-based pay television cable channel. It is owned by NBCUniversala subsidiary of Comcast. Headquartered in New York City, it provides news coverage and political ...
, , 1,354,000 , - style="background:#dfe2e9;" , CBS , , 1,296,000 {{col-end


Notes

{{notelist


References

{{reflist


Further reading

{{refbegin * {{cite news, last1=Jett, first1=Jennifer, title=Right and Left React to the Midterm Results, work=
The New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid ...
, date=November 9, 2018, url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/08/us/politics/midterms-right-left.html, access-date=November 9, 2018, issn=0362-4331 * Foreman, Sean D., Godwin, Marcia L., Wilson, Walter Clark (Eds.). 2020.
The Roads to Congress 2018: American Elections in the Trump Era
'. Springer. * Sabato, Larry and Kyle Kondik. 2019.
The Blue Wave: The 2018 Midterms and What They Mean for the 2020 Elections
'. Rowman & Littlefield. {{refend


External links

{{commons category * {{citation , title=State Elections Legislation Database , quote= State legislation related to the administration of elections introduced in 2011 through...2020 , url= https://www.ncsl.org/research/elections-and-campaigns/elections-legislation-database.aspx , publisher=
National Conference of State Legislatures The National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL), established in 1975, is a "nonpartisan public officials’ association composed of sitting state legislators" from the states, territories and commonwealths of the United States. Background ...
, work=Ncsl.org , location=Washington, D.C. {{2018 United States elections {{United States elections {{DEFAULTSORT:United States Elections, 2018
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the United ...
2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the United ...