A general election was held on Monday, 29 November 1999 for members of the 10th Parliament of Malaysia. Voting took place in all 193 parliamentary constituencies of Malaysia, each electing one Member of Parliament to the Dewan Rakyat, the dominant house of Parliament. State elections also took place in 394 state constituencies in 11 out of 13 states of Malaysia (except Sabah and

Sarawak Sarawak (; ) is a state of Malaysia. The largest among the 13 states, with an area almost equal to that of Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak is located in northwest Borneo Island, and is bordered by the Malaysian state of Sabah to the northeast, K ...

) on the same day. This was the last election for

Mahathir Mohamad Mahathir bin Mohamad ( ms, محاضير بن محمد, label= Jawi, script=arab, italic=unset; ; born 10 July 1925) is a Malaysian politician, author, and physician who served as the 4th and 7th Prime Minister of Malaysia. He held the offic ...

as Prime Minister and Chairman of Barisan Nasional, until

2018 File:2018 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in PyeongChang, South Korea; Protests erupt following the Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi; March for Our Lives protests take place across the United ...

. This was also the first election held in a single day nationwide.

Results

Dewan Rakyat

6,631,094 out of 9,564,071 registered voters cast their vote in this election. Although Barisan Nasional maintained its majority in Parliament, its overall popular vote dropped to roughly 56%. The parliamentary results are as follows: , - ! rowspan=2 colspan=4 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Party ! colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Vote ! colspan=3 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Seats , - ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Votes ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Won ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , +/– , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" , National Front , , BN , , 3,748,511 , , 56.53 , , 148 , , 76.68 , , 14 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , rowspan=15, , style="background-color: #E62020;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

United Malays National Organisation The United Malays National Organisation ( Malay: ; Jawi: ; abbreviated UMNO () or less commonly PEKEMBAR), is a nationalist Nationalism is an idea and movement that holds that the nation should be congruent with the State (polity), st ...

, , UMNO , , , , , , 72 , , 37.31 , , 17 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #0000FF;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Malaysian Chinese Association , , MCA , , , , , , 29 , , 15.03 , , 1 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: red;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

United Traditional Bumiputera Party Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu (PBB; en, United Bumiputera Heritage Party) is a right-wing political party in Malaysia. It is currently the largest political party in Sarawak. Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu was formed from the combination o ...

, , PBB , , 100,062 , , 1.55, , 11 , , 5.70 , , 1 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #29AB87;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

Malaysian Indian Congress The Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC; ta, மலேசிய இந்திய காங்கிரஸ், Malēciya Intiya Kāṅkiras; formerly known as Malayan Indian Congress) is a Malaysian political party. It is one of the founding membe ...

, , MIC , , , , , , 7 , , 3.63 , , , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: yellow;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Sarawak United People's Party , , SUPP , , 129,356 , , 2.00, , 7 , , 3.63 , , , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #FF0000;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

Malaysian People's Movement Party The Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia ( en, Malaysian People's Movement Party, commonly abbreviated as GERAKAN or less commonly as PGRM) is a liberal political party in Malaysia. Formed in 1968, Gerakan gained prominence in the 1969 general electio ...

, , Gerakan , , , , , , 6 , , 3.11 , , 1 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak The Sarawak Native People's Party or ms, Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak (PBDS) was a political party in the state of Sarawak in Malaysia. It was established in 1983, by Datuk Amar Leo Moggie Irok, after seceding from Sarawak National Party (SNAP) ...

, , PBDS , , 51,659 , , 0.80, , 6 , , 3.11 , , 1 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: ;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

Sarawak National Party The Sarawak National Party known by its acronym as "SNAP", is now a defunct political party in Malaysia. It was a member party of the Alliance Party from 1963 to 1966 and a member of Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition from 1976 until its expulsion ...

, , SNAP , , 45,519 , , 0.71 , , 4 , , 2.07 , , 1 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #00008B;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organisation The United Progressive Kinabalu Organisation ( ms, Pertubuhan Kinabalu Progresif Bersatu; abbrev: UPKO) is a multiracial political party based in Sabah, Malaysia. The party was rebranded from its previous party's name, United Pasokmomogun Ka ...

, , UPKO , , , , , , 3 , , 1.55 , , New , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: ;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

Sabah Progressive Party The Sabah Progressive Party ( ms, Parti Maju Sabah, abbreviated SAPP) is a multiracial political party based in Sabah, Malaysia. It was registered on 21 January 1994 by dissidents led by former Sabah Chief Minister Datuk Yong Teck Lee from Unit ...

, , SAPP , , , , , , 2 , , 1.04 , , , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #FF7F00;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Liberal Democratic Party , , LDP , , , , , , 1 , , 0.52 , , , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Barisan Nasional Direct Candidate , , , , 11,327 , , 0.18 , , 1 , , 0.52 , , , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #DAA520;" , , style="text-align:left;" , People's Progressive Party , , PPP , , , , , , 0 , , 0.00 , , , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

People's Justice Front People's Justice Front or in ms, Angkatan Keadilan Rakyat (AKAR) was a splinter party of Parti Bersatu Sabah (PBS) formed in 1989 which was led by Dusun and Bajau ethnic-based leaders namely Mark Koding, Kalakau Untol and Pandikar Amin Mulia. I ...

, , AKAR, , , , , , 0, , 0.00, , , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #FEDF00;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

United Sabah People's Party The United Sabah People's Party ( ms, Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah; abbreviated: PBRS) is a minority political party based in Sabah, Malaysia. Presently PBRS is being led by its founding and first President; Joseph Kurup. PBRS is officially a ...

, , PBRS , , , , , , 0 , , 0.00 , , , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" , Parties in the informal coalition, Alternative Front , , BA , , 2,667,818 , , 40.23 , , 42 , , 21.76 , , 26 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , rowspan=4, , style="background-color: ;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party The Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS; ms, Parti Islam Se-Malaysia; ms, ڤرتي إسلام سمليسيا, label= Jawi, script=arab, italic=unset) is an Islamist political party in Malaysia. As the party focused on Islamic fundamentalism, PAS's ...

, , PAS , , 994,279 , , 14.99 , , 27 , , 13.99 , , 20 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: ;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

Democratic Action Party The Democratic Action Party (abbreviation: DAP; ms, Parti Tindakan Demokratik; ; ta, ஜனநாயக செயல் கட்சி) is a Centre-left politics, centre-left social democracy, social democratic political party in Malaysia. ...

, , DAP , , 830,870 , , 12.53 , , 10 , , 5.18 , , 1 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: ;" , , style="text-align:left;" , National Justice Party , , KeADILan , , 773,679 , , 11.67 , , 5 , , 2.59 , , New , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #FEDF00;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Malaysian People's Party , , PRM , , 68,990 , , 1.04 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

United Sabah Party The United Sabah Party ( ms, Parti Bersatu Sabah, abbreviated PBS) is a political party of Sabah. The PBS was founded by Joseph Pairin Kitingan in 1985 and it is Sabah's oldest local party. In August 2020, PBS confirmed that they would be usin ...

, , PBS , , 143,342 , , 2.16 , , 3 , , 1.55 , , 5 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

State Reform Party Sarawak People's Aspiration Party or ( ms, "Parti Aspirasi Rakyat Sarawak", abbreviated ASPIRASI), is a political party based in Sarawak, Malaysia, renamed and rebranded from previously State Reform Party abbreviated STAR. Background and histo ...

, , STAR , , 23,354 , , 0.35 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , New , - , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , Malaysian Democratic Party , , MDP , , 8,001 , , 0.12 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , New , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

Pan-Malaysian Islamic Front The Pan-Malaysian Islamic Front (, Jawi: باريسن جماعه اسلاميه سمليسيا often known by its ; acronym: BERJASA) is a political party in Malaysia. The party is part of a Malay-Islam based coalition named "Gerakan Tanah Air" ...

, , BERJASA , , 409 , , 0.01 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , New , - , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , Malaysian People's Justice Front , , AKIM , , 274 , , 0.00 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , Independents , , IND , , 39,385 , , 0.59 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="4" , Valid votes, , 6,455,714 , , rowspan=2 colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="4" ,

Invalid Invalid may refer to: * Patient, a sick person * one who is confined to home or bed because of illness, disability or injury (sometimes considered a politically incorrect term) * .invalid, a top-level Internet domain not intended for real use As ...

blank vote A protest vote (also called a blank, null, spoiled, or "none of the above" vote) is a vote cast in an election to demonstrate dissatisfaction with the choice of candidates or the current political system. Protest voting takes a variety of forms a ...

s, , 175,380 , - , colspan="4" style="text-align:left;" , Total votes ( voter turnout: 69.3%) , , 6,631,094 , , 100.00 , , 193 , , 100.00 , , +1 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="4" , Did not vote, , 2,932,977 , , rowspan="4" colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="4" ,

Registered voters In electoral systems, voter registration (or enrollment) is the requirement that a person otherwise eligible to vote must register (or enroll) on an electoral roll, which is usually a prerequisite for being entitled or permitted to vote. The ru ...

, , 9,564,071 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="4" , Voting age population (aged 21 years and above), , 13,411,519 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="4" , Malaysian population, , 22,549,627 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan=9 , Source: Nohlen et al

br/>

Results by state

Johor

, - ! rowspan=2 colspan=4 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Party ! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Candidates ! colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Vote ! colspan=3 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Seats , - ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Votes ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Won ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , +/– , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , National Front, , BN , , 20 , , , , , , 20 , , 100.00 , , 0 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , rowspan=3, , style="background-color: #E62020;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , UMNO , , 13 , , , , , , 13 , , 65.00 , , 0 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #0000FF;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Malaysian Chinese Association , , MCA , , 6 , , , , , , 6 , , 30.00 , , 0 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #29AB87;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , MIC , , 1 , , , , , , 1 , , 5.00 , , 0 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

, , DAP, , 9 , , 0 , , 0 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , 0 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

, , PAS , , 11 , , , , , , 0 , , 0.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Valid votes, , , , rowspan=2 colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

s, , , - , colspan="5" style="text-align:left;" , Total votes ( voter turnout: %) , , , , 100.00 , , 20 , , 100.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Did not vote, , , , rowspan="4" colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Voting age population (aged 21 years and above), , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Demographics of Johor, Johor's population, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan=10 , Source:

Kedah

, - ! rowspan=2 colspan=4 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Party ! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Candidates ! colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Vote ! colspan=3 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Seats , - ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Votes ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Won ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , +/– , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , National Front, , BN , , 15 , , 315,807 , , 55.77 , , 7 , , 46.67 , , -8 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , rowspan=2, , style="background-color: #E62020;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , UMNO , , 13 , , 260,565 , , 46.01 , , 5 , , 33.33 , , -8 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #0000FF;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Malaysian Chinese Association , , MCA , , 2 , , 55,242 , , 9.75 , , 2 , , 13.33 , , 0 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

, , PAS , , 10 , , 171,867 , , 30.35 , , 8 , , 53.33 , , +8 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , National Justice Party , , KeADILan , , 4 , , 65,371 , , 11.54 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , New , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

, , DAP , , 1 , , 13,258 , , 2.34 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Valid votes, , 566,303 , , rowspan=2 colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

s, , 19,152 , - , colspan="5" style="text-align:left;" , Total votes ( voter turnout: %) , , 585,455 , , 100.00 , , 15 , , 100.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Did not vote, , , , rowspan="4" colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Voting age population (aged 21 years and above), , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Kedah's population, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan=10 , Source:

Kelantan

, , PAS , , 11 , , 228,325 , , 47.48 , , 10 , , 71.43 , , +4 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , National Front, , BN , , 14 , , 187,094 , , 38.91 , , 1 , , 7.14 , , -1 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , rowspan=1, , style="background-color: #E62020;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , UMNO , , 14 , , 187,094 , , 38.91 , , 1 , , 7.14 , , -1 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" , National Justice Party, , KeADILan , , 3 , , 64,763 , , 13.47 , , 3 , , 21.43 , , New , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

, , BERJASA , , 1 , , 409 , , 0.09 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , New , - , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , Malaysian People's Justice Front , , AKIM , , 1 , , 274 , , 0.06 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Valid votes, , 480,865 , , rowspan=2 colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

s, , 11,634 , - , colspan="5" style="text-align:left;" , Total votes ( voter turnout: %) , , 492,499 , , 100.00 , , 14 , , 100.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Did not vote, , , , rowspan="4" colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Voting age population (aged 21 years and above), , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Kelantan's population, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan=10 , Source:

Kuala Lumpur

, - ! rowspan=2 colspan=4 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Party ! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Candidates ! colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Vote ! colspan=3 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Seats , - ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Votes ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Won ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , +/– , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 align=left, National Front, , BN , , , , , , , , , , , , , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , rowspan=1, , style="background-color: #E62020;" , , align=left,

, , UMNO , , , , , , , , , , , , , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 align=left,

, , PAS , , , , , , , , , , , , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Valid votes, , , , rowspan=2 colspan="4" bgcolor="dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

s, , , - , colspan="5" style="text-align:left;" , Total votes ( voter turnout: %) , , , , 100.00 , , , , 100.00 , , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Did not vote, , , , rowspan="4" colspan="4" bgcolor="dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Voting age population (aged 21 years and above), , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Kuala Lumpur's population, , , - , align=left colspan=10, Source:

Labuan

Malacca

, - ! rowspan=2 colspan=4 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Party ! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Candidates ! colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Vote ! colspan=3 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Seats , - ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Votes ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Won ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , +/– , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , National Front, , BN , , 5 , , 133,047 , , , , 4 , , 80.00 , , 0 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , rowspan=2, , style="background-color: #E62020;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , UMNO , , 3 , , , , , , 3 , , 60.00 , , 0 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #0000FF;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Malaysian Chinese Association , , MCA , , 2 , , , , , , 1 , , 20.00 , , 0 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

, , DAP, , 1 , , 33,472 , , , , 1 , , 20.00 , , 0 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , National Justice Party , , KeADILan , , 2 , , 42,684 , , , , 0 , , 0.00 , , New , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

, , PAS , , 2 , , 25,230 , , , , 0 , , 0.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Valid votes, , , , rowspan=2 colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

s, , , - , colspan="5" style="text-align:left;" , Total votes ( voter turnout: %) , , , , 100.00 , , 5 , , 100.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Did not vote, , , , rowspan="4" colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Voting age population (aged 21 years and above), , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Malacca's population, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan=10 , Source:

Negeri Sembilan

, - ! rowspan=2 colspan=4 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Party ! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Candidates ! colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Vote ! colspan=3 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Seats , - ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Votes ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Won ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , +/– , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , National Front, , BN , , 7 , , 167,804 , , , , 7 , , 100.00 , , 0 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , rowspan=3, , style="background-color: #E62020;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , UMNO , , 4 , , , , , , 4 , , 57.14 , , 0 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #0000FF;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Malaysian Chinese Association , , MCA , , 2 , , , , , , 2 , , 28.57 , , 0 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #29AB87;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , MIC , , 1 , , , , , , 1 , , 14.29 , , 0 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

, , DAP, , 3 , , 68,295 , , , , 0 , , 0.00 , , 0 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

, , PAS , , 2 , , 23,773 , , , , 0 , , 0.00 , , 0 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , National Justice Party , , KeADILan , , 2 , , 23,585 , , , , 0 , , 0.00 , , New , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Valid votes, , , , rowspan=2 colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

s, , , - , colspan="5" style="text-align:left;" , Total votes ( voter turnout: %) , , , , 100.00 , , 7 , , 100.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Did not vote, , , , rowspan="4" colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Voting age population (aged 21 years and above), , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Negeri Sembilan's population, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan=10 , Source:

Pahang

, - ! rowspan=2 colspan=4 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Party ! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Candidates ! colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Vote ! colspan=3 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Seats , - ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Votes ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Won ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , +/– , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , National Front, , BN , , 11 , , , , , , 11 , , 100.00 , , 0 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , rowspan=2, , style="background-color: #E62020;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , UMNO , , 8 , , , , , , 8 , , 72.73 , , 0 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #0000FF;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Malaysian Chinese Association , , MCA , , 3 , , , , , , 3 , , 27.27 , , 0 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

, , PAS , , , , , , , , 0 , , 0.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Valid votes, , , , rowspan=2 colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

s, , , - , colspan="5" style="text-align:left;" , Total votes ( voter turnout: %) , , , , 100.00 , , 11 , , 100.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Did not vote, , , , rowspan="4" colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Voting age population (aged 21 years and above), , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Pahang's population, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan=10 , Source:

Penang

, - ! rowspan=2 colspan=4 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Party ! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Candidates ! colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Vote ! colspan=3 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Seats , - ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Votes ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Won ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , +/– , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , National Front, , BN , , 11 , , 247,870 , , 51.36 , , 6 , , 54.55 , , -2 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , rowspan=3, , style="background-color: #0000FF;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Malaysian Chinese Association , , MCA , , 3 , , 84,698 , , 17.55 , , 1 , , 9.09 , , -1 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #FF0000;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , Gerakan, , 4 , , 83,607 , , 17.32 , , 2 , , 18.18 , , 0 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #E62020;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , UMNO , , 4 , , 79,565 , , 16.49 , , 3 , , 27.27 , , -1 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

, , DAP, , 7 , , 169,973 , , 35.22 , , 4 , , 36.36 , , +1 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" , National Justice Party, , KeADILan, , 3 , , 54,987 , , 11.39 , , 1 , , 9.09 , , New , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

, , PAS , , 1 , , 8,810 , , 1.83 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , 0 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , Independents , , IND , , 1 , , 942 , , 0.20 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Valid votes, , 482,582 , , rowspan=2 colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

s, , 12,355 , - , colspan="5" style="text-align:left;" , Total votes ( voter turnout: 76.68%) , , 494,937 , , 100.00 , , 11 , , 100.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Did not vote, , 150,514 , , rowspan="4" colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

, , 645,451 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Voting age population (aged 21 years and above), , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Penang's population, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan=10 , Source:

Perak

, - ! rowspan=2 colspan=4 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Party ! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Candidates ! colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Vote ! colspan=3 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Seats , - ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Votes ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Won ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , +/– , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , National Front, , BN , , 23 , , , , , , 20 , , 86.96 , , -3 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , rowspan=4, , style="background-color: #E62020;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , UMNO , , , , , , , , 9 , , 39.13 , , -2 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #0000FF;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Malaysian Chinese Association , , MCA , , , , , , , , 6 , , 26.09 , , -1 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #FF0000;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , Gerakan, , , , , , , , 3 , , 13.04 , , 0 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #29AB87;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , MIC , , , , , , , , 2 , , 8.70 , , 0 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

, , PAS , , , , , , , , 2 , , 8.70 , , +2 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

, , DAP, , , , , , , , 1 , , 4.35 , , +1 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Valid votes, , , , rowspan=2 colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

s, , , - , colspan="5" style="text-align:left;" , Total votes ( voter turnout: %) , , , , 100.00 , , 23 , , 100.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Did not vote, , , , rowspan="4" colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Voting age population (aged 21 years and above), , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Perak's population, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan=10 , Source:

Perlis

, - ! rowspan=2 colspan=4 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Party ! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Candidates ! colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Vote ! colspan=3 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Seats , - ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Votes ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Won ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , +/– , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , National Front, , BN , , 3 , , 46,212 , , 56.17 , , 3 , , 100.00 , , 0 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , rowspan=1, , style="background-color: #E62020;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , UMNO , , 3 , , 46,212 , , 56.17 , , 3 , , 100.00 , , 0 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

, , PAS , , 2 , , 26,191 , , 31.84 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , 0 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" , National Justice Party, , KeADILan , , 1 , , 9,867 , , 11.99 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , New , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Valid votes, , 82,270 , , rowspan=2 colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

s, , 2,114 , - , colspan="5" style="text-align:left;" , Total votes ( voter turnout: %) , , 84,384 , , 100.00 , , 3 , , 100.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Did not vote, , , , rowspan="4" colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Voting age population (aged 21 years and above), , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Perlis's population, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan=10 , Source:

Sabah

, - ! rowspan=2 colspan=4 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Party ! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Candidates ! colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Vote ! colspan=3 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Seats , - ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Votes ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Won ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , +/– , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , National Front, , BN , , 20 , , , , , , 17 , , 85.00 , , +5 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , rowspan=3, , style="background-color: #E62020;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , UMNO , , 14 , , , , , , 14 , , 70.00 , , +5 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: ;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , SAPP , , 3 , , , , , , 2 , , 10.00 , , 0 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #FF7F00;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Liberal Democratic Party , , LDP , , 3 , , , , , , 1 , , 5.00 , , 0 , - , style="background-color: #ADD8E6;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

, , PBS , , 20 , , , , , , 3 , , 15.00 , , -5 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Valid votes, , , , rowspan=2 colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Voting age population (aged 21 years and above), , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Sabah's population, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan=10 , Source:

Sarawak

, - ! rowspan=2 colspan=4 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Party ! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Candidates ! colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Vote ! colspan=3 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Seats , - ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Votes ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Won ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , +/– , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" , National Front , , BN , , 28 , , 338,013 , , 65.95 , , 28 , , 100.00 , , +2 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , rowspan=5, , style="background-color: yellow;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Sarawak United People's Party , , SUPP , , 7 , , 129,356 , , 25.24 , , 7 , , 25.00 , , 0 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: red;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , PBB , , 10 , , 100,062 , , 19.52 , , 10 , , 35.71 , , +1 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , PBDS , , 6 , , 51,749 , , 10.10 , , 6 , , 21.43 , , 0 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: ;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , SNAP , , 4 , , 45,519 , , 8.88 , , 4 , , 14.29 , , 0 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Barisan Nasional Direct Candidate , , , , 1 , , 11,327 , , 2.21 , , 1 , , 3.57 , , , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" ,

, , DAP , , 7 , , 75,992 , , 14.81 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , New , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" , National Justice Party , , KeADILan , , 13 , , 49,774 , , 9.71 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , New , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

, , STAR , , 4 , , 23,048 , , 4.50 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , New , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan="2" style="text-align:left;" ,

, , PAS , , 1 , , 2,438 , , 0.48 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , 0 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , Independents , , IND , , 12 , , 23,332 , , 4.55 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Valid votes, , 512,527 , , rowspan=2 colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

s, , , - , colspan="5" style="text-align:left;" , Total votes ( voter turnout: %) , , , , 100.00 , , 28 , , 100.00 , , +1 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Did not vote, , , , rowspan="4" colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Voting age population (aged 21 years and above), , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Sarawak's population, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan=10 , Source:

Selangor

, - ! rowspan=2 colspan=4 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Party ! rowspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Candidates ! colspan=2 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Vote ! colspan=3 style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Seats , - ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Votes ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , Won ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , % ! style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:center;" , +/– , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , National Front, , BN , , 17 , , , , , , 17 , , 100.00 , , 0 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , rowspan=3, , style="background-color: #E62020;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , UMNO , , 8 , , , , , , 8 , , 47.06 , , 0 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #0000FF;" , , style="text-align:left;" , Malaysian Chinese Association , , MCA , , 6 , , , , , , 6 , , 35.29 , , 0 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , style="background-color: #29AB87;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , MIC , , 3 , , , , , , 3 , , 17.65 , , 0 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

, , DAP, , 9 , , , , , , 0 , , 0.00 , , 0 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" ,

, , PAS , , 8 , , , , , , 0 , , 0.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Valid votes, , , , rowspan=2 colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

s, , , - , colspan="5" style="text-align:left;" , Total votes ( voter turnout: %) , , , , 100.00 , , 17 , , 100.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Did not vote, , , , rowspan="4" colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Voting age population (aged 21 years and above), , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Selangor's population, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan=10 , Source:

Terengganu

, , PAS , , 7 , , 161,052 , , 52.01 , , 7 , , 87.50 , , +6 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , National Front, , BN , , 8 , , 127,700 , , 41.24 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , -7 , -style="background:#EFEFEF;" , rowspan=1, , style="background-color: #E62020;" , , style="text-align:left;" ,

, , UMNO , , 8 , , 127,700 , , 41.24 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , -7 , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 style="text-align:left;" , National Justice Party, , KeADILan , , 1 , , 20,715 , , 6.69 , , 1 , , 12.50 , , New , - , style="background-color: ;" , , colspan=2 colspan=2 style="text-align:left;", Independents, , IND, , 1 , , 175 , , 0.06 , , 0 , , 0.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Valid votes, , 309,642 , , rowspan=2 colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

s, , 6,398 , - , colspan="5" style="text-align:left;" , Total votes ( voter turnout: 81.23%) , , 316,040 , , 100.00 , , 8 , , 100.00 , , 0 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Did not vote, , 73,042 , , rowspan="4" colspan="4" style="background-color:#dcdcdc", , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" ,

, , 389,082 , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Voting age population (aged 21 years and above), , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan="5" , Terengganu's population, , , - , style="text-align:left;" colspan=10 , Source:

State Assemblies

The opposition won a total of 113 state assembly seats, 98 of which went to the PAS, 11 to the DAP and 4 for Keadilan. In the states of

Kelantan Kelantan (; Jawi: ; Kelantanese Malay: ''Klate'') is a state in Malaysia. The capital is Kota Bharu and royal seat is Kubang Kerian. The honorific name of the state is ''Darul Naim'' (Jawi: ; "The Blissful Abode"). Kelantan is located in th ...

and

Terengganu Terengganu (; Terengganu Malay: ''Tranung'', Jawi: ), formerly spelled Trengganu or Tringganu, is a sultanate and constitutive state of federal Malaysia. The state is also known by its Arabic honorific, ''Dāru l- Īmān'' ("Abode of Faith"). ...

, the PAS won by a huge margin–41-2 against Barisan Nasional out of a total of 43 seats and 28-4 out of a total of 32 seats respectively, hence allowing them to form the state governments in these states. In addition, PAS also captured one-third of the state seats in Kedah, with the remaining two-thirds going to Barisan Nasional (UMNO won 16 seats, MCA 2 seats in Kedah). The election results were seen as a great gain for PAS, who previously had no state seats in Kedah and capturing only one seat in Terengganu in the 1995 General Elections. Observers attributed this to the neglect by the Federal Administration in the states of Terengganu and Kelantan due to administration by different parties.

References

*
"Malaysia unlikely to go fundamentalist: Lee Kuan Yew"
(Dec. 13, 1999). ''

Agence France Presse Agence France-Presse (AFP) is a French international news agency headquartered in Paris, France. Founded in 1835 as Havas, it is the world's oldest news agency. AFP has regional headquarters in Nicosia, Montevideo, Hong Kong and Washington, D.C ...

''.

External links

South Asia Analysis Group
synopsis of the 1999 election results.
Trends in Malaysia: Election Assessment
(PDF) a 62 pages collection of papers from Institute of Southeast Asian Studies after the 1999 election. {{Malaysian elections

1999 File:1999 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The funeral procession of King Hussein of Jordan in Amman; the 1999 İzmit earthquake kills over 17,000 people in Turkey; the Columbine High School massacre, one of the first major school shoot ...

1999 elections in Malaysia