1955 Establishments In Pennsylvania on:
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* January 3 –
Events
January
* January 3 – José Ramón Guizado
José Ramón Guizado Valdés (13 August 1899 – 2 November 1965) was the 17th President of Panama. He belonged to the National Patriotic Coalition (CNP).
Education
Guizado is an alumnus of Vanderbilt University, having earned a Bachelor ...
becomes president of Panama.
* January 17 – , the first nuclear-powered
Nuclear power is the use of nuclear reactions to produce electricity. Nuclear power can be obtained from nuclear fission, nuclear decay and nuclear fusion reactions. Presently, the vast majority of electricity from nuclear power is produced b ...
submarine, puts to sea for the first time, from Groton, Connecticut
Groton is a town in New London County, Connecticut located on the Thames River. It is the home of General Dynamics Electric Boat, which is the major contractor for submarine work for the United States Navy. The Naval Submarine Base New London is ...
.
* January 18
Events Pre-1600
* 474 – Seven-year-old Leo II succeeds his maternal grandfather Leo I as Byzantine emperor. He dies ten months later.
* 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople fail.
* 1126 – Emperor Huizong abdicates the Chine ...
– 20 – Battle of Yijiangshan Islands
The Battle of Yijiangshan Islands () was a conflict between forces of the National Revolutionary Army (NRA) of the Republic of China and the People's Liberation Army (PLA) of the People's Republic of China, over one of the last strongholds of ...
: The Chinese Communist People's Liberation Army seizes the islands from the Republic of China (Taiwan).
* January 22 – In the United States, The Pentagon
The Pentagon is the headquarters building of the United States Department of Defense. It was constructed on an accelerated schedule during World War II. As a symbol of the U.S. military, the phrase ''The Pentagon'' is often used as a metonym ...
announces a plan to develop intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), armed with nuclear weapons.
* January 23
Events Pre-1600
* 393 – Roman emperor Theodosius I proclaims his eight-year-old son Honorius co-emperor.
* 971 – Using crossbows, Song dynasty troops soundly defeat a war elephant corps of the Southern Han at Shao.
* 1264 &nda ...
– The Sutton Coldfield rail crash
The Sutton Coldfield train crash took place at about 16:13 on 23 January 1955 in Sutton Coldfield, Warwickshire (now within Birmingham), when an express passenger train traveling from York to Bristol, derailed due to excessive speed on a sharp cu ...
kills 17, near Birmingham, England.
* January 25 – The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (russian: Президиум Верховного Совета, Prezidium Verkhovnogo Soveta) was a body of state power in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).Soviet Union announces the end of the war between the USSR and Germany, which began during World War II in
*
*
*
*
* December 1 – In Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks refuses to obey bus driver James F. Blake's order that she give up her seat to make room for a white passenger, and is arrested, leading to the Montgomery bus boycott.
* December 4 – The International Federation of Blood Donor Organizations is founded in Luxembourg.
* December 5
** The American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations merge, to become the AFL–CIO.
** The Montgomery Improvement Association is formed in Montgomery, Alabama, by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., and other Black ministers to coordinate the Montgomery bus boycott by Black people.
* December 9 – Adnan Menderes of Democrat Party (Turkey, historical), DP forms the new government of Turkey (22nd government).
* December 10 – 1955 Australian federal election: Robert Menzies' Liberal Party of Australia, Liberal/National Party of Australia, Country Coalition (Australia), Coalition Menzies Government (1949-66), Government is re-elected with a substantially increased majority, defeating the Australian Labor Party, Labor Party led by H. V. Evatt. This election comes in the immediate aftermath of the devastating Australian Labor Party split of 1955, split in the Labor Party, which leads to the formation of the Democratic Labor Party (historical), Democratic Labor Party. The DLP will preference against Labor, and keep the Coalition in office until 1972 Australian federal election, 1972.
* December 14
** The Tappan Zee Bridge (1955–2017), Tappan Zee Bridge over the Hudson River, in New York (state), New York State, opens to traffic.
** Albania,
* January 1
** Mario Andreacchio, Australian film director
** Bonnie Arnold, American film producer
** Mary Beard (classicist), Mary Beard, English classicist
** Akissi Kouamé, Ivorian army general (d. 2022)
** Simon Schaffer, English academic and historian of science and philosophy
** Mulatu Teshome, Ethiopian politician and 8th President of Ethiopia
* January 4 – Mark Hollis (musician), Mark Hollis, English musician (d. 2019)
* January 5 – Mamata Banerjee, Indian politician, Chief Minister of West Bengal
* January 6 – Rowan Atkinson, English comic actor
* January 7 – Belinda Meuldijk, Dutch actress
* January 8 – Mike Reno, Canadian musician
* January 9
** Michiko Kakutani, American literary critic
** J. K. Simmons, American actor
* January 10
** Michael Schenker, German guitarist (Scorpions (band), Scorpions, UFO (band), UFO, Michael Schenker Group)
** Jimmy Vivino, American guitarist
* January 12 – Kerry-Lynne Findlay, Canadian politician
* January 13
** Paul Kelly (Australian musician), Paul Kelly, Australian musician
** Jay McInerney, American writer
* January 15
** Andreas Gursky, German photographer
** Enrico Mentana, Italian journalist
* January 16
** Mary Karr, American poet
** J. S. G. Boggs, American artist
* January 17 – Steve Earle, American musician
*
* February 1 – Hans Werner Olm, German television and film comedian
* February 2 – Leszek Engelking, Polish poet, writer and translator (d. 2022)
* February 3
** Kirsty Wark, Scottish television presenter
* February 4 – Joseph D. Kernan, American military officer, Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence
* February 6
** Michael Pollan, American journalist
** Irinej Dobrijević, American-born Serbian Bishop of Australia and New Zealand
* February 7 – Miguel Ferrer, American actor (d. 2017)
* February 8
** Janusz Cisek, Polish historian (d. 2020)
** Jim Neidhart, American professional wrestler (d. 2018)
** John Grisham, American novelist
** Ethan Phillips, American actor
** Xu Bing, Chinese artist
* February 9 – Charles Shaughnessy, English actor
* February 10
** Chris Adams (wrestler), Chris Adams, English wrestler and judoka (d. 2001)
** Pablo Borges Delgado, Cuban artist
** Jim Cramer, American television personality
** Greg Norman, Australian golfer
* February 12
** David Owen Brooks, American convicted murderer (d. 2020)
** Bill Laswell, American bass guitarist
* February 13 – Hank Risan, American scientist
* February 14
** Guillermo Francella, Argentine actor
** Mitsuhisa Taguchi, Japanese footballer (d. 2019)
* February 15
** Janice Dickinson, American model, photographer, author and talent agent
** Christopher McDonald, American actor
* February 16 – Bradley Byrne, American business attorney and politician, Alabama
* February 17 – Mo Yan, Chinese writer
* February 18 – Cheetah Chrome, American musician
* February 19
** Jeff Daniels, American actor
** Siri Hustvedt, American novelist
* February 20 – Mack Wilberg, American composer
* February 21 – Kelsey Grammer, American actor and comedian
* February 22 – David Axelrod (political consultant), David Axelrod, American political analyst
* February 23 – Flip Saunders, American basketball coach (d. 2015)
* February 24
** Deborah Coyne, Canadian constitutional lawyer
** Steve Jobs, American businessman and founder of Apple Computer (d. 2011)
** Alain Prost, French four-time Formula 1 world champion
* February 25 – Leann Hunley, American television actress
* February 27 – Grady Booch, American software engineer
* March 1
** Sir Timothy Laurence, English vice admiral and second husband of Anne, Princess Royal
** Denis Mukwege, Congolese gynecologist, Nobel Peace Prize laureate
*
*
* May 2
** Willie Miller, Scottish footballer
** Donatella Versace, Italian designer
** Dave Winer, American software pioneer
* May 4
** Avram Grant, Israeli football manager
** Robert Ellis Orrall, American singer
*
* June 1
**Chiyonofuji Mitsugu, Japanese sumo wrestler (58th Yokozuna grand champion) (d. 2016)
**David Schultz (professional wrestler), David Schultz,"Dr. D" American professional wrestler
* June 2 – Dana Carvey, American actor and comedian
* June 3 – Daniel Filmus, Argentine politician, member of the Chamber of Deputies of Argentina
* June 4
** Precious (wrestling), Precious, Canadian professional wrestling valet
** Mary Testa, American film actress
* June 5 – Fernando Borrego Linares, Cuban singer and songwriter (aka Polo Montañez)
* June 6
** Sandra Bernhard, American comedian, actress, author and singer
** Chris Nyman, American baseball player
** Sam Simon, American filmmaker (d. 2015)
*
*
*
* September 1
** Billy Blanks, American martial artist; inventor of the Tae Bo exercise program
** Bruce Foxton, English musician
*
* October 1 – P. B. Abdul Razak, Indian politician (d. 2018)
*
*
* December 3
** Melody Anderson, Canadian actress and social worker
** Steven Culp, American actor
** Warren Jeffs, American criminal
** Andrea Romano (voice director), Andrea Romano, American casting director, voice director, and voice actress
* December 4 – Maurizio Bianchi, Italian musician
* December 9 – Janusz Kupcewicz, Polish footballer (d. 2022)
* December 10 – Ana Gabriel, Mexican singer and songwriter
* December 12 – Gianna Angelopoulos-Daskalaki, Greek politician and businesswoman
* December 13 – Manohar Parrikar, Indian politician (d. 2019)
* December 14 – Hervé Guibert, French writer and photographer (d.
* February 3 - Vasily Blokhin, Soviet executioner (b. 1895)
* February 6 – Constantin Argetoianu, 41st Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1871)
* February 10 – Mokichi Okada, Japanese religious leader (b. 1882)
* February 11 – Ona Munson, American actress (b. 1903)
* February 12
** Tom Moore (actor), Tom Moore, Irish-American film actor (b. 1883)
** S. Z. Sakall, Hungarian actor (b. 1883)
* February 20 – Oswald Avery, American physician and medical researcher (b. 1877)
* February 23 – Paul Claudel, French poet, dramatist, and diplomat (b. 1868)
* February 27 – Trixie Friganza, American actress (b. 1870)
* March 3 – Katharine Drexel, American Roman Catholic foundress and saint (b. 1858)
* March 8 – William C. deMille, American screenwriter and director (b. 1878)
* March 9
** Miroslava Stern, Czechoslovakian-Mexican actress (b. 1926)
** Matthew Henson, American explorer (b. 1866)
* March 11 – Sir Alexander Fleming, Scottish scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1881)
* March 12 – Charlie Parker, American saxophonist (b. 1920)
* March 16 – Nicolas de Staël, Russian painter (b. 1914)
*
*
* May 2 – Alexander Hore-Ruthven, 1st Earl of Gowrie, 10th Governor-General of Australia (b. 1872)
* May 4
** Louis Charles Breguet, French aircraft designer and builder and early aviation pioneer (b. 1880)
** George Enescu, Romanian composer (b. 1881)
* May 10
** Tommy Burns (Canadian boxer), Tommy Burns, Canadian boxer (b. 1881)
** John Radecki, Australian stained-glass artist (b. 1865)
*
* June 3 – Barbara Graham, American criminal (executed) (b. 1923)
* June 10 – Margaret Abbott, American golfer (b. 1878)
*
* July 9 – Adolfo de la Huerta, 38th President of Mexico (b. 1881)
*
*
* September 20 – Robert Riskin, American screenwriter (b. 1897)
* September 23 – Martha Norelius, American Olympic swimmer (b. 1908)
* September 30
** Michael Chekhov, Russian actor, theatre director, and writer (b. 1891)
**
*
*
* December 5 – Jirō Minami, Japanese general and Governor-General of Korea (1936-1942) (b. 1874)
* December 6 – Honus Wagner, American baseball player (Pittsburgh Pirates) and a member of the MLB Hall of Fame (b. 1874)
* December 8 – Hermann Weyl, German mathematician, theoretical physicist and philosopher (b. 1885)
* December 13 – António Egas Moniz, Portuguese neurologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1874)
* December 15 – Otto Braun, German politician, former Minister President of the Free State of Prussia (b. 1872)
* December 18 – Anna Murray Vail, American botanist (b. 1863)
* December 21 – Garegin Nzhdeh, Armenian statesman (b. 1886)
* December 24 – Nana Bryant, American actress (b. 1888)
1941
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January–August – 10,072 men, women and children with mental and physical disabilities are asphyxiated with carbon monoxide in a gas chamber, at Hadamar E ...
.
* January 28 – The United States Congress authorizes President Dwight D. Eisenhower
Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower (born David Dwight Eisenhower; ; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American military officer and statesman who served as the 34th president of the United States from 1953 to 1961. During World War II, ...
to use force to protect Formosa
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is an island country located in East Asia. The main island of Taiwan, formerly known in the Western political circles, press and literature as Formosa, makes up 99% of the land area of the territori ...
from the People's Republic of China.
February
* February 10 – The United States Seventh Fleet helps the Republic of China evacuate theChinese Nationalist
Chinese nationalism () is a form of nationalism in the People's Republic of China (Mainland China) and the Republic of China on Taiwan which asserts that the Chinese people are a nation and promotes the cultural and national unity of all Chin ...
army and residents from the Tachen Islands to Taiwan.
* February 16 – Nearly 100 die in a fire at a home for the elderly in Yokohama
is the second-largest city in Japan by population and the most populous municipality of Japan. It is the capital city and the most populous city in Kanagawa Prefecture, with a 2020 population of 3.8 million. It lies on Tokyo Bay, south of ...
, Japan.
* February 19 – The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) was an international organization for collective defense in Southeast Asia created by the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty, or Manila Pact, signed in September 1954 in Manila, the Philipp ...
(SEATO) is established, at a meeting in Bangkok
Bangkok, officially known in Thai as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon and colloquially as Krung Thep, is the capital and most populous city of Thailand. The city occupies in the Chao Phraya River delta in central Thailand and has an estimated populatio ...
.
* February 22 – In Chicago's Democratic primary, Mayor Martin H. Kennelly
Martin Henry Kennelly (August 11, 1887 – November 29, 1961) was an American politician and businessman. He served as the 47th Mayor of Chicago in Chicago, Illinois from April 15, 1947 until April 20, 1955. Kennelly was a member of the Democra ...
loses to the head of the Cook County Democratic Party, Richard J. Daley
Richard Joseph Daley (May 15, 1902 – December 20, 1976) was an American politician who served as the Mayor of Chicago from 1955 and the chairman of the Cook County Democratic Party Central Committee from 1953 until his death. He has been ca ...
, 364,839 to 264,077.
* February 24 – The Baghdad Pact
The Middle East Treaty Organization (METO), also known as the Baghdad Pact and subsequently known as the Central Treaty Organization (CENTO), was a military alliance of the Cold War. It was formed in 24 February 1955 by Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, Turk ...
(CENTO), originally known as Middle East Treaty Organization
The Middle East Treaty Organization (METO) is a non-governmental organization founded in 2017 by a coalition of civil-society activists and disarmament practitioners, with the aim to rid the Middle East of all weapons of mass destruction (WMD). ...
(METO), is signed between Iraq and Turkey.
March
*March 2
Events Pre-1600
* 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his '' bucellarii'' are almost cut ...
– Claudette Colvin
Claudette Colvin (born Claudette Austin; September 5, 1939) is an American pioneer of the 1950s civil rights movement and retired nurse aide. On March 2, 1955, she was arrested at the age of 15 in Montgomery, Alabama, for refusing to give up ...
, a 15-year-old African-American
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of ensla ...
girl, refuses to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, to a white woman after the driver demands it. She is carried off the bus backwards, while being kicked, handcuffed and harassed on the way to the police station. She becomes a plaintiff in ''Browder v. Gayle
''Browder v. Gayle'', 142 F. Supp. 707 (1956),''Browder v. Gayle''
14 ...
'' (1956), which rules bus segregation to be unconstitutional.
* March 5
** 14 ...
WBBJ-TV
WBBJ-TV (channel 7) is a television station in Jackson, Tennessee, United States, affiliated with ABC and CBS. Owned by Bahakel Communications, the station maintains studios on Muse Street in Jackson, and its transmitter is located on Potts Chap ...
signs on the air in Jackson, Tennessee
Jackson is a city in and the county seat of Madison County, Tennessee, United States. Located east of Memphis, it is a regional center of trade for West Tennessee. Its total population was 68,205 as of the 2020 United States census.
Jackson i ...
, with WDXI as its initial call-letters, to expand American commercial television in mostly rural areas.
** Elvis Presley makes his television debut on "Louisiana Hayride", carried by KSLA-TV Shreveport in the United States.
* March 7 – The Broadway musical
Broadway theatre,Although ''theater'' is generally the spelling for this common noun in the United States (see American and British English spelling differences), 130 of the 144 extant and extinct Broadway venues use (used) the spelling ''Th ...
version of '' Peter Pan'', which had opened in 1954
Events
January
* January 1 – The Soviet Union ceases to demand war reparations from West Germany.
* January 3 – The Italian broadcaster RAI officially begins transmitting.
* January 7 – Georgetown-IBM experiment: The fir ...
starring Mary Martin, is presented on television for the first time by NBC
The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) is an American English-language commercial broadcast television and radio network. The flagship property of the NBC Entertainment division of NBCUniversal, a division of Comcast, its headquarters are ...
-TV, with its original cast, as an installment of ''Producers' Showcase
''Producers' Showcase'' is an American anthology television series that was telecast live during the 1950s in compatible color by NBC. With top talent, the 90-minute episodes, covering a wide variety of genres, aired under the title every fourth ...
''. It is also the first time that a stage musical is presented in its entirety on TV, almost exactly as it was performed on stage. This program gains the largest viewership of a TV special up to this time, and it becomes one of the first great TV family musical classics.
* March 17
Events Pre-1600
* 45 BC – In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger in the Battle of Munda.
* 180 – Commodus becomes sole emperor of the Roman Empire at the age of ei ...
– Richard Riot
The Richard Riot was a riot on March 17, 1955 (Saint Patrick's Day), in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The riot was named after Maurice Richard, the star ice hockey player for the Montreal Canadiens of the National Hockey League (NHL). Following a v ...
in Montreal: 6,000 people protest the suspension of French Canadian ice hockey star Maurice Richard
Joseph Henri Maurice "Rocket" Richard (; ; August 4, 1921 – May 27, 2000) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player who played 18 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Montreal Canadiens. He was the first player in NHL hist ...
of the Montreal Canadiens by the National Hockey League, following a violent incident during a match.
* March 19
Events Pre-1600
* 1277 – The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1277 is concluded, stipulating a two-year truce and renewing Venetian commercial privileges in the Byzantine Empire.
* 1279 – A Mongol victory at the Battle of Yamen end ...
– KXTV
KXTV (channel 10) is a television station in Sacramento, California, United States, affiliated with ABC. Owned by Tegna Inc., the station maintains studios on Broadway, just south of US 50 at the south edge of downtown Sacramento, and its tra ...
signs on the air in Sacramento, California, as the 100th commercial television station in the United States.
* March 20 – The movie adaptation of Evan Hunter
Evan Hunter, born Salvatore Albert Lombino,(October 15, 1926 – July 6, 2005) was an American author and screenwriter best known for his 87th Precinct novels, written under his Ed McBain pen name, and the novel upon which the film ''Blackbo ...
's novel ''Blackboard Jungle
''Blackboard Jungle'' is a 1955 American social drama film about an English teacher in an interracial inner-city school, based on the 1954 novel ''The Blackboard Jungle'' by Evan Hunter and adapted for the screen and directed by Richard Brooks. I ...
'' premieres in the United States, featuring the famous single " Rock Around the Clock" by Bill Haley & His Comets
Bill Haley & His Comets were an American rock and roll band founded in 1947 that continued until Haley's death in 1981. The band was also known as Bill Haley and the Comets and Bill Haley's Comets. From late 1954 to late 1956, the group record ...
. Teenagers jump from their seats to dance to the song.
April
* April 1
Events Pre-1600
* 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held.
* 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne.
* 1081 – Alexios I Ko ...
– EOKA starts a terrorist campaign against British rule in the Crown colony
A Crown colony or royal colony was a colony administered by The Crown within the British Empire. There was usually a Governor, appointed by the British monarch on the advice of the UK Government, with or without the assistance of a local Council ...
of Cyprus.
* April 5
Events Pre-1600
* 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I.
* 919 – The second Fatimid invasion of Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, sets out from Raqqada at the head of his ...
** Winston Churchill resigns as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, due to ill-health, at the age of 80.
** Richard J. Daley
Richard Joseph Daley (May 15, 1902 – December 20, 1976) was an American politician who served as the Mayor of Chicago from 1955 and the chairman of the Cook County Democratic Party Central Committee from 1953 until his death. He has been ca ...
defeats Robert Merrian to become Mayor of Chicago, by a vote of 708,222 to 581,555.
* April 6
Events Pre–1600
*46 BC – Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato (Cato the Younger) at the Battle of Thapsus.
* 402 – Stilicho defeats the Visigoths under Alaric in the Battle of Pollentia.
*132 ...
– Anthony Eden
Robert Anthony Eden, 1st Earl of Avon, (12 June 1897 – 14 January 1977) was a British Conservative Party politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1955 until his resignation in 1957.
Achieving rapid prom ...
becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
* April 10
Events Pre-1600
* 428 – Nestorius becomes the Patriarch of Constantinople.
* 837 – Halley's Comet makes its closest approach to Earth at a distance equal to 0.0342 AU (5.1 million kilometres/3.2 million miles).
* 1407 ...
– In the American National Basketball Association championship, the Syracuse Nationals
The Philadelphia 76ers are an American basketball team currently playing in the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference in the National Basketball Association (NBA). The 76ers are third in NBA history in wins and playoff appearances.
1946– ...
defeat the Fort Wayne Pistons
A fortification is a military construction or building designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is also used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from Latin ''fortis'' ("strong") and ''face ...
92–91 in Game 7, to win the title.
* April 11
Events Pre-1600
* 491 – Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine emperor, with the name of Anastasius I.
*1241 – Batu Khan defeats Béla IV of Hungary at the Battle of Mohi.
*1512 – War of the League of Cambrai: Franco-Ferrares ...
** The Taiwanese Kuomintang
The Kuomintang (KMT), also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD), the Nationalist Party of China (NPC) or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP), is a major political party in the Republic of China, initially on the Chinese mainland and in Tai ...
put a bomb on the airplane '' Kashmir Princess'', killing 16 but failing to assassinate the People's Republic of China leader, Zhou Enlai.
** Taekwondo, a form of Korean martial arts
Korean martial arts ( Hangul: 무술, Hanja: 武術, ''musul'' or Hangul: 무예, Hanja: 武藝, ''muye'') are fighting practices and methods which have their place in the history of Korea but have been adapted for use by both military and ...
, is officially recognized in South Korea.
* April 12
Events Pre-1600
* 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I.
* 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
* 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted ...
– The Salk polio vaccine, having passed large-scale trials earlier in the United States, receives full approval by the Food and Drug Administration.
* April 14
Events Pre-1600
*43 BC – Legions loyal to the Roman Senate, commanded by Gaius Pansa, defeat the forces of Mark Antony in the Battle of Forum Gallorum.
* 69 – Vitellius, commanding Rhine-based armies, defeats Roman emperor Otho i ...
– The Detroit Red Wings win the Stanley Cup in North American ice hockey for the 7th time in franchise history, but will not win again until 1997
File:1997 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The movie set of ''Titanic (1997 film), Titanic'', the List of highest-grossing films, highest-grossing movie in history at the time; ''Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'', is published; ...
.
* April 14
Events Pre-1600
*43 BC – Legions loyal to the Roman Senate, commanded by Gaius Pansa, defeat the forces of Mark Antony in the Battle of Forum Gallorum.
* 69 – Vitellius, commanding Rhine-based armies, defeats Roman emperor Otho i ...
– A 7.1 earthquake shakes the Chinese city of Kangding leaving 70 dead.
* April 15
Events Pre-1600
* 769 – The Lateran Council ends by condemning the Council of Hieria and anathematizing its iconoclastic rulings.
*1071 – Bari, the last Byzantine possession in southern Italy, is surrendered to Robert Guiscard.
...
– The first franchised McDonald's restaurant is opened by Ray Kroc
Raymond Albert Kroc (October 5, 1902 – January 14, 1984) was an American businessman. He purchased the fast food company McDonald's in 1961 and was its CEO from 1967 to 1973. Kroc is credited with the global expansion of McDonald's, turni ...
, in Des Plaines, Illinois.
* April 16
Events Pre-1600
* 1457 BC – Battle of Megido - the first battle to have been recorded in what is accepted as relatively reliable detail.
* 69 – Defeated by Vitellius' troops at Bedriacum, Otho commits suicide.
* 73 – Masad ...
– The Burma
Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John Wells explai ...
-Japan Peace Treaty, signed in Rangoon on November 5, 1954
Events
January
* January 1 – The Soviet Union ceases to demand war reparations from West Germany.
* January 3 – The Italian broadcaster RAI officially begins transmitting.
* January 7 – Georgetown-IBM experiment: The fir ...
, comes into effect, formally ending a state of war between the two countries.
* April 17
Events Pre-1600
*1080 – Harald III of Denmark dies and is succeeded by Canute IV, who would later be the first Dane to be canonized.
* 1349 – The rule of the Bavand dynasty in Mazandaran is brought to an end by the murder of Has ...
– Imre Nagy, the communist Premier of Hungary, is ousted for being too moderate.
* April 18
Events Pre-1600
* 796 – King Æthelred I of Northumbria is murdered in Corbridge by a group led by his ealdormen, Ealdred and Wada. The ''patrician'' Osbald is crowned, but abdicates within 27 days.
*1428 – Peace of Ferrara bet ...
– 24 – The Asian-African Conference
The first large-scale Asian–African or Afro–Asian Conference ( id, Konferensi Asia–Afrika)—also known as the Bandung Conference—was a meeting of Asian and African states, most of which were newly independent, which took place on 18–2 ...
is held in Bandung
Bandung ( su, ᮘᮔ᮪ᮓᮥᮀ, Bandung, ; ) is the capital city of the Indonesian province of West Java. It has a population of 2,452,943 within its city limits according to the official estimates as at mid 2021, making it the fourth most ...
, Indonesia.
May
* May 5 – West Germany becomes a sovereign country, recognized by important Western countries such as France, the United Kingdom, Canada and the United States. *May 6
Events Pre-1600
*1527 – Spanish and German troops sack Rome; many scholars consider this the end of the Renaissance.
*1536 – The Siege of Cuzco commences, in which Incan forces attempt to retake the city of Cuzco from the Spani ...
– The Western European Union Charter becomes effective.
* May 7
Events Pre-1600
* 351 – The Jewish revolt against Constantius Gallus breaks out after his arrival at Antioch.
* 558 – In Constantinople, the dome of the Hagia Sophia collapses, twenty years after its construction. Justinian I im ...
– Newcastle United F.C.
Newcastle United Football Club is an English professional football club, based in Newcastle upon Tyne, that plays in the Premier League – the top flight of English football. The club was founded in 1892 by the merger of Newcastle East End ...
in England win their fourth (and, as of 2022, last) Football League First Division title.
* May 9
Events Pre-1600
* 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria.
* 1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy.
*1386 – England and Portugal formally r ...
** West Germany joins the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two Nor ...
(NATO).
** A young Jim Henson
James Maury Henson (September 24, 1936 – May 16, 1990) was an American puppeteer, animator, cartoonist, actor, inventor, and filmmaker who achieved worldwide notice as the creator of The Muppets and '' Fraggle Rock'' (1983–1987) and ...
introduces the earliest version of Kermit the Frog
Kermit the Frog is a Muppet character created and originally performed by Jim Henson. Introduced in 1955, Kermit serves as the everyman protagonist of numerous Muppet productions, most notably '' Sesame Street'' and ''The Muppet Show'', as w ...
(made in March), in the premiere of his puppet show ''Sam and Friends
''Sam and Friends'' is an American live-action/puppet sketch comedy television series and a lead-in to ''The Tonight Show'' created by puppeteer Jim Henson and his eventual wife Jane Nebel. It was taped and aired twice daily as a local series in ...
'', on WRC-TV in Washington, D.C.
)
, image_skyline =
, image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, Na ...
* May 11
Events 1601–1900
*1812 – Prime Minister Spencer Perceval is assassinated by John Bellingham in the lobby of the British House of Commons.
* 1813 – William Lawson, Gregory Blaxland and William Wentworth discover a route across ...
– Japanese National Railways' ferry ''Shiun Maru'' sinks after a collision with sister ship ''Uko Maru'', in thick fog off Takamatsu, Shikoku, in the Seto Inland Sea of Japan; 166 passengers (many children) and 2 crew members are killed. This event is influential in plans to construct the Akashi Kaikyō Bridge
The is a suspension bridge which links the city of Kobe on the Japanese island of Honshu to Iwaya on Awaji Island. It is part of the Kobe-Awaji-Naruto Expressway, and crosses the busy and turbulent Akashi Strait (''Akashi Kaikyō'' in Japanes ...
(built 1986–98).
* May 12
Events Pre-1600
* 254 – Pope Stephen I succeeds Pope Lucius I, becoming the 23rd pope of the Catholic Church, and immediately takes a stand against Novatianism.
* 907 – Zhu Wen forces Emperor Ai into abdicating, ending the Tan ...
– New York's Third Avenue Elevated runs its last train between Chatham Square in Manhattan and East 149th Street in the Bronx, thus ending elevated train service in Manhattan.
* May 14
** Eight Communist Bloc countries, including the Soviet Union, sign a mutual defence treaty in Warsaw, Poland, that is called the Warsaw Pact (it will be dissolved in 1991
File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the Ph ...
).
** Warrington
Warrington () is a town and unparished area in the borough of the same name in the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, on the banks of the River Mersey. It is east of Liverpool, and west of Manchester. The population in 2019 was esti ...
win the British Rugby League Championship title for the third time; they will not win it again within the following 60 years.
* May 15
** The Austrian State Treaty
The Austrian State Treaty (german: Österreichischer Staatsvertrag ) or Austrian Independence Treaty re-established Austria as a sovereign state. It was signed on 15 May 1955 in Vienna, at the Schloss Belvedere among the Allied occupying p ...
, which restores Austria's national sovereignty, is concluded between the 4 occupying powers following World War II (the United Kingdom, the United States, the Soviet Union, and France) and Austria, setting it up as a neutral country.
** Lionel Terray
Lionel Terray (25 July 1921 – 19 September 1965) was a French climber who made many first ascents, including on the 1955 French Makalu expedition in the Himalaya (with Jean Couzy on 15 May 1955) and Cerro Fitz Roy in the Patagonian Andes ...
and Jean Couzy
Jean Couzy (9 July 1923 – 2 November 1958) was a French mountaineer. He studied aeronautical engineering at the École Polytechnique. At age 27, he was a member of Maurice Herzog's 1950 expedition to Annapurna. Prior to this, his usual climbing ...
become the first people to reach the summit of Makalu
Makalu ( ne, मकालु हिमाल, Makālu himāl; zh, t=馬卡魯峰, p=Mǎkǎlǔ fēng) is the fifth highest mountain in the world at . It is located in the Mahalangur Himalayas southeast of Mount Everest, in Nepal. One of th ...
, the fifth-highest mountain in the world, on the 1955 French Makalu expedition
The 1955 French Makalu expedition was the first to successfully climb Makalu, the Himalayan mountain to the southeast of Mount Everest, on the border between Nepal and Tibet. At Makalu is the fifth-highest mountain in the world and an eight-t ...
. The entire team of climbers reaches the summit over the next two days.
* May 18 – Free movement of residents between North
North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. ''North'' is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography.
Etymology
The word ''north'' is ...
and South Vietnam ends.
* May 25
Events Pre-1600
*567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans.
* 240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet.
* 1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toled ...
– Joe Brown and George Band
George Christopher Band (2 February 1929 – 26 August 2011) was an English mountaineer. He was the youngest climber on the 1953 British expedition to Mount Everest on which Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay made the first ascent of the mountai ...
are the first to reach the summit of Kangchenjunga
Kangchenjunga, also spelled Kanchenjunga, Kanchanjanghā (), and Khangchendzonga, is the third highest mountain in the world. Its summit lies at in a section of the Himalayas, the ''Kangchenjunga Himal'', which is bounded in the west by the ...
in the Himalayas, as part of the British Kangchenjunga expedition led by Charles Evans.
June
*June 7
Events Pre-1600
* 421 – Emperor Theodosius II marries Aelia Eudocia at Constantinople (Byzantine Empire).
* 879 – Pope John VIII recognizes the Duchy of Croatia under Duke Branimir as an independent state.
*1002 – Henry II ...
– The television quiz program '' The $64,000 Question'' premieres on CBS
CBS Broadcasting Inc., commonly shortened to CBS, the abbreviation of its former legal name Columbia Broadcasting System, is an American commercial broadcast television and radio network serving as the flagship property of the CBS Entertainme ...
-TV in the United States, with Hal March
Hal March (born Harold Mendelson; April 22, 1920 – January 19, 1970) was an American comedian, actor, and television quiz show emcee.
Early career
March entered show business as a straight man in the vaudeville act the Hollywood Rioteers, b ...
as the host.
* June 11
Events Pre-1600
* 173 – Marcomannic Wars: The Roman army in Moravia is encircled by the Quadi, who have broken the peace treaty (171). In a violent thunderstorm emperor Marcus Aurelius defeats and subdues them in the so-called "miracle ...
– Le Mans disaster
The 1955 Le Mans disaster was a major crash that occurred on 11 June 1955 during the 24 Hours of Le Mans motor race at Circuit de la Sarthe in Le Mans, Sarthe, France. Large pieces of debris flew into the crowd, killing 83 spectators and French ...
: Eighty-three people are killed and at least 100 are injured, after two race cars collide in the 1955 24 Hours of Le Mans
The 1955 24 Hours of Le Mans was the 23rd 24 Hours of Le Mans and took place on 11 and 12 June 1955 on Circuit de la Sarthe. It was also the fourth round of the F.I.A. World Sports Car Championship. During the race, Pierre Levegh crashed into a ...
.
* June 13
Events Pre-1600
* 313 – The decisions of the Edict of Milan, signed by Constantine the Great and co-emperor Valerius Licinius, granting religious freedom throughout the Roman Empire, are published in Nicomedia.
*1325 – Ibn Battu ...
– Mir Mine
The Mir mine (russian: кимберлитовая алмазная трубка «Мир» ''kimberlitovaya almaznaya trubka "Mir"''; English: kimberlite diamond pipe "Peace"), also called the Mirny mine, is an open pit diamond mine located in M ...
, the first diamond mine in the Soviet Union, is discovered.
* June 16 – '' Lady and the Tramp'', the Walt Disney company's 15th animated film, premieres in Chicago.
* June 26 – The Freedom Charter
The Freedom Charter was the statement of core principles of the South African Congress Alliance, which consisted of the African National Congress (ANC) and its allies: the South African Indian Congress, the South African Congress of Democrats ...
of the anti-apartheid
Apartheid (, especially South African English: , ; , "aparthood") was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia) from 1948 to the early 1990s. Apartheid wa ...
South African Congress Alliance
The Congress Alliance was an anti-apartheid political coalition formed in South Africa in the 1950s. Led by the African National Congress, the CA was multi-racial in makeup and committed to the principle of majority rule.
Congress of the Peopl ...
is adopted, at a Congress of the People in Kliptown
Kliptown is a suburb of the formerly black township of Soweto in Gauteng, South Africa, located about 17 km south-west of Johannesburg. Kliptown is the oldest residential district of Soweto, and was first laid out in 1891 on land which form ...
.
July
*July 1
Events Pre-1600
* 69 – Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor.
* 552 – Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and the ...
– Transformation from the Imperial Bank of India to the State Bank of India is given legal recognition through an Act of the Parliament of India.
* July 7
Events Pre-1600
*1124 – The city of Tyre falls to the Venetian Crusade after a siege of nineteen weeks.
*1456 – A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her execution.
* 1520 – Spanish ''conquistado ...
– The New Zealand Special Air Service
The 1st New Zealand Special Air Service Regiment, abbreviated as 1 NZSAS Regt, was formed on 7 July 1955 and is the Special forces unit of the New Zealand Army, closely modelled on the British Special Air Service (SAS). It traces its origins ...
is formed.
* July 13
Events Pre-1600
* 1174 – William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173–74, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England.
*1249 – Coronation of Alexander III as King of Scots.
*1260 – The Livoni ...
– Ruth Ellis is hanged
Hanging is the suspension of a person by a noose or ligature around the neck.Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd ed. Hanging as method of execution is unknown, as method of suicide from 1325. The '' Oxford English Dictionary'' states that hanging ...
for murder in London, becoming the last woman ever to be executed in the United Kingdom.
* July 17
Events Pre-1600
* 180 – Twelve inhabitants of Scillium (near Kasserine, modern-day Tunisia) in North Africa are executed for being Christians. This is the earliest record of Christianity in that part of the world.
* 1048 – Damas ...
** The Disneyland
Disneyland is a theme park in Anaheim, California. Opened in 1955, it was the first theme park opened by The Walt Disney Company and the only one designed and constructed under the direct supervision of Walt Disney. Disney initially envision ...
theme park opens in Anaheim, California
Anaheim ( ) is a city in northern Orange County, California, part of the Los Angeles metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States Census, the city had a population of 346,824, making it the most populous city in Orange County, the 10th-most p ...
, an event broadcast on the American Broadcasting Company
The American Broadcasting Company (ABC) is an American commercial broadcast television network. It is the flagship property of the ABC Entertainment Group division of The Walt Disney Company. The network is headquartered in Burbank, Calif ...
television network.
** The first atomic-generated electrical power is sold commercially, partially powering Arco, Idaho
Arco is a city in Butte County, Idaho, United States. The population was 879 as of the 2020 United States census, down from 995 at the 2010 census. Arco is the county seat and largest city in Butte County.
History
Originally known as Root Ho ...
, from the U.S. National Reactor Testing Station
Idaho National Laboratory (INL) is one of the national laboratories of the United States Department of Energy and is managed by the Battelle Energy Alliance. While the laboratory does other research, historically it has been involved with nu ...
; on July 18, Schenectady, New York, receives power from a prototype nuclear submarine reactor at Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory
Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory (KAPL) is an American research and development facility based in Niskayuna, New York and dedicated to the support of the US Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program. KAPL was instituted in 1946 under a contract between Gene ...
."1955". ''Houghton Mifflin Guide to Science & Technology''.
* July 18
Events Pre-1600
*477 BC – Battle of the Cremera as part of the Roman–Etruscan Wars. Veii ambushes and defeats the Roman army.
*387 BC – Roman-Gaulish Wars: Battle of the Allia: A Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, lead ...
– Illinois Governor William Stratton
William Grant Stratton (February 26, 1914 – March 2, 2001), was the 32nd governor of Illinois from 1953 to 1961.
Early life and career
Born February 26, 1914 in Ingleside, Lake County, Illinois, the son of William J. Stratton, an Illinoi ...
signs the Loyalty Oath Act, that mandates all public employees take a loyalty oath to the State of Illinois and the United States or lose their jobs.
* July 18
Events Pre-1600
*477 BC – Battle of the Cremera as part of the Roman–Etruscan Wars. Veii ambushes and defeats the Roman army.
*387 BC – Roman-Gaulish Wars: Battle of the Allia: A Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, lead ...
– 23 – Geneva Summit between the United States, Soviet Union, United Kingdom and France.
* July 22 – In Long Beach
Long Beach is a city in Los Angeles County, California. It is the 42nd-most populous city in the United States, with a population of 466,742 as of 2020. A charter city, Long Beach is the seventh-most populous city in California.
Incorporat ...
, California (United States), Hillevi Rombin
Hillevi Rombin Schine (September 14, 1933 – June 19, 1996) was a Swedish actress and beauty queen who was crowned as Miss Sweden and is the fourth winner of Miss Universe in 1955. She was crowned Miss Sweden Universe 1955 by Miss Sweden U ...
of Sweden is crowned Miss Universe.
* July 27 – El Al Flight 402
El Al Flight 402 was an international passenger flight from London to Tel Aviv via Vienna and Istanbul. On 27 July 1955, the flight, operated by a Lockheed Constellation registered as 4X-AKC, strayed into then- Communist Bulgarian airspace and wa ...
from Vienna (Austria) to Tel Aviv, via Istanbul, is shot down over Bulgaria
Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Maced ...
. All 58 passengers and crewmen aboard the Lockheed Constellation are killed.
* July 28
Events Pre-1600
* 1364 – Troops of the Republic of Pisa and the Republic of Florence clash in the Battle of Cascina.
* 1540 – Henry VIII of England marries his fifth wife, Catherine Howard, on the same day his former Chancellor, ...
– The first Interlingua Congress is held in Tours
Tours ( , ) is one of the largest cities in the region of Centre-Val de Loire, France. It is the prefecture of the department of Indre-et-Loire. The commune of Tours had 136,463 inhabitants as of 2018 while the population of the whole metrop ...
, France, leading to the foundation of the Union Mundial pro Interlingua
The Union Mundial pro Interlingua (UMI; World Interlingua Union) is a global organization that promotes Interlingua, an international auxiliary language (IAL) published in 1951 by the International Auxiliary Language Association (IALA). UMI was fo ...
.
August
* August 1
Events Pre-1600
*30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic.
*AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under ...
– The prototype Lockheed U-2
The Lockheed U-2, nicknamed "''Dragon Lady''", is an American single-jet engine, high altitude reconnaissance aircraft operated by the United States Air Force (USAF) and previously flown by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). It provides day ...
reconnaissance aircraft first flies, in Nevada.
* August 18
Events Pre-1600
* 684 – Battle of Marj Rahit: Umayyad partisans defeat the supporters of Ibn al-Zubayr and cement Umayyad control of Syria.
* 707 – Princess Abe accedes to the imperial Japanese throne as Empress Genmei.
* 1304 ...
** The First Sudanese Civil War
The First Sudanese Civil War (also known as the Anyanya Rebellion or Anyanya I, after the name of the rebels, a term in the Madi language which means 'snake venom') was a conflict from 1955 to 1972 between the northern part of Sudan and the so ...
begins.
** The first meeting of the Organization of Central American States
An organization or organisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences), is an entity—such as a company, an institution, or an association—comprising one or more people and having a particular purpose.
The word is derived from ...
( es, Organización de Estados Centroamericanos, ODECA) is held, in Antigua Guatemala
Antigua Guatemala (), commonly known as Antigua or La Antigua, is a city in the central highlands of Guatemala. The city was the capital of the Captaincy General of Guatemala from 1543 through 1773, with much of its Baroque-influenced architectu ...
.
* August 19
Events Pre-1600
*295 BC – The first temple to Venus, the Roman goddess of love, beauty and fertility, is dedicated by Quintus Fabius Maximus Gurges during the Third Samnite War.
*43 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus, later known ...
– Hurricane Diane hits the northeastern United States, killing over 200 people and causing over $1 billion in damage.
* August 20
Events Pre-1600
*AD 14 – Agrippa Postumus, maternal grandson of the late Roman emperor Augustus, is mysteriously executed by his guards while in exile.
* 636 – Battle of Yarmouk: Arab forces led by Khalid ibn al-Walid take contro ...
– Hundreds of people are killed in anti-French rioting in Morocco and Algeria
)
, image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg
, map_caption =
, image_map2 =
, capital = Algiers
, coordinates =
, largest_city = capital
, relig ...
.
* August 22
Events Pre-1600
* 392 – Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor.
* 851 – Battle of Jengland: Erispoe defeats Charles the Bald near the Breton town of Jengland.
*1138 – Battle of the Standard between Scot ...
– Eleven schoolchildren are killed when their school bus is hit by a freight train in Spring City, Tennessee
Spring City is a town in Rhea County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 1,949 at the 2020 census and 1,981 at the 2010 census. The town is located along Watts Bar Lake, and Watts Bar Dam and the Watts Bar Nuclear Generating Station ar ...
.
* August 25
Events Pre-1600
* 19 – The Roman general Germanicus dies near Antioch. He was convinced that the mysterious illness that ended in his death was a result of poisoning by the Syrian governor Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso, whom he had ordered to ...
– The last Soviet Army forces leave Austria.
* August 26
Events Pre-1600
* 683 – Yazid I's army kills 11,000 people of Medina including notable Sahabas in Battle of al-Harrah.
* 1071 – The Seljuq Turks defeat the Byzantine army at the Battle of Manzikert, and soon gain control of most o ...
– Satyajit Ray
Satyajit Ray (; 2 May 1921 – 23 April 1992) was an Indian Film director, director, screenwriter, documentary film, documentary film director, filmmaker, author, list of essayists, essayist, lyricist, magazine editor, illustrator, call ...
's film '' Pather Panchali'' is released in India.
* August 27
Events Pre-1600
* 410 – The sacking of Rome by the Visigoths ends after three days.
*1172 – Henry the Young King and Margaret of France are crowned junior king and queen of England.
*1232 – Shikken Hojo Yasutoki of the Kam ...
– The first edition of the ''Guinness Book of Records
''Guinness World Records'', known from its inception in 1955 until 1999 as ''The Guinness Book of Records'' and in previous United States editions as ''The Guinness Book of World Records'', is a reference book published annually, listing world ...
'' is published, in London.
* August 28
Events Pre-1600
* 475 – The Roman general Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his capital city, Ravenna.
* 489 – Theodoric, king of the Ostrogoths, defeats Odoacer at the Battle of Isonzo, forcing his way ...
– Black 14-year-old Emmett Till
Emmett Louis Till (July 25, 1941August 28, 1955) was a 14-year-old African Americans, African American boy who was abducted, tortured, and Lynching in the United States, lynched in Mississippi in 1955, after being accused of offending a whi ...
is lynched and shot in the head for allegedly grabbing and threatening a white woman in Money, Mississippi
Money is an unincorporated community near Greenwood in Leflore County, Mississippi, United States, in the Mississippi Delta. It has fewer than 100 residents, down from 400 in the early 1950s when a cotton mill operated there. Money is located ...
; his white murderers, Roy Bryant and J. W. Milam, are acquitted by an all-white jury.
September
* September 2
Events
Pre-1600
*44 BC – Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion.
* 44 BC – Cicero launches the first of his '' Philippicae'' (oratorical attacks) on Mark Antony. He will make 14 of t ...
– Under the guidance of Dr. Humphry Osmond
Humphry Fortescue Osmond (1 July 1917 – 6 February 2004) was an English psychiatrist who expatriated to Canada, then moved to work in the United States. He is known for inventing the word ''psychedelic'' and for his research into interesting a ...
, Christopher Mayhew
Christopher Paget Mayhew, Baron Mayhew (12 June 1915 – 7 January 1997) was a British politician who was a Labour Member of Parliament (MP) from 1945 to 1950 and from 1951 to 1974, when he left the Labour Party to join the Liberals. In 1981 ...
ingests 400 mg of mescaline hydrochloride and allows himself to be filmed as part of a ''Panorama
A panorama (formed from Greek πᾶν "all" + ὅραμα "view") is any wide-angle view or representation of a physical space, whether in painting, drawing, photography, film, seismic images, or 3D modeling. The word was originally coined in ...
'' special for BBC TV in the U.K. that is never broadcast.
* September 3
Events Pre-1600
*36 BC – In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompey, son of Pompey, thus ending Pompeian resistance to the Second Triumvirate.
* 301 – San Marino, one of t ...
– Little Richard records " Tutti Frutti" in New Orleans; it is released in October.
* September 6
Events Pre-1600
* 394 – Battle of the Frigidus: Roman emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills Eugenius the usurper. His Frankish ''magister militum'' Arbogast escapes but commits suicide two days later.
*1492 – Christopher Colu ...
– Istanbul pogrom: Istanbul's Greek minority is the target of a government-sponsored pogrom
A pogrom () is a violent riot incited with the aim of massacring or expelling an ethnic or religious group, particularly Jews. The term entered the English language from Russian to describe 19th- and 20th-century attacks on Jews in the Russian ...
.
* September 10 – The long-running Western
Western may refer to:
Places
*Western, Nebraska, a village in the US
*Western, New York, a town in the US
*Western Creek, Tasmania, a locality in Australia
*Western Junction, Tasmania, a locality in Australia
*Western world, countries that id ...
television series '' Gunsmoke'' debuts, on the CBS
CBS Broadcasting Inc., commonly shortened to CBS, the abbreviation of its former legal name Columbia Broadcasting System, is an American commercial broadcast television and radio network serving as the flagship property of the CBS Entertainme ...
network in the United States.
* September 14 – Pope Pius XII elevates many of the Apostolic vicariates in Africa to Metropolitan Archdiocese
A metropolis religious jurisdiction, or a metropolitan archdiocese, is an episcopal see whose bishop is the metropolitan bishop or archbishop of an ecclesiastical province. Metropolises, historically, have been important cities in their provinces.
...
s.
* September 15 – Vladimir Nabokov's controversial novel '' Lolita'' is published in Paris, by Olympia Press
Olympia Press was a Paris-based publisher, launched in 1953 by Maurice Girodias as a rebranded version of the Obelisk Press he inherited from his father Jack Kahane. It published a mix of erotic fiction and avant-garde literary fiction, and is bes ...
.
* September 16
** The military coup to unseat President Juan Perón of Argentina is launched at midnight.
** A Soviet Navy Zulu-class submarine becomes the first to launch a ballistic missile
A ballistic missile is a type of missile that uses projectile motion to deliver warheads on a target. These weapons are guided only during relatively brief periods—most of the flight is unpowered. Short-range ballistic missiles stay within the ...
.
* September 18 – The United Kingdom formally annexes the uninhabited Atlantic island of Rockall
Rockall () is an uninhabitable granite islet situated in the North Atlantic Ocean. The United Kingdom claims that Rockall lies within its exclusive economic zone (EEZ) and is part of its territory, but this claim is not recognised by Ireland ...
.
* September 19
Events Pre-1600
* 85 – Nerva, suspected of complicity of the death of Domitian, is declared emperor by Senate. The Senate then annuls laws passed by Domitian and orders his statues to be destroyed.
* 634 – Siege of Damascus: Th ...
– 21 – President of Argentina Juan Perón is ousted in a military coup.
* September 19
Events Pre-1600
* 85 – Nerva, suspected of complicity of the death of Domitian, is declared emperor by Senate. The Senate then annuls laws passed by Domitian and orders his statues to be destroyed.
* 634 – Siege of Damascus: Th ...
– Hurricane Hilda
Hurricane Hilda was an intense tropical cyclone that ravaged areas of the United States Gulf Coast, particularly Louisiana. In addition to its damage inland, the hurricane greatly disrupted offshore oil production, and at its time was the costlie ...
kills about 200 people in Mexico.
* September 21
Events Pre-1600
* 455 – Emperor Avitus enters Rome with a Gallic army and consolidates his power.
*1170 – The Kingdom of Dublin falls to Norman invaders.
*1217 – Livonian Crusade: The Estonian leader Lembitu and Livonian lead ...
– 30 – Hurricane Janet
Hurricane Janet was the most powerful tropical cyclone of the 1955 Atlantic hurricane season and one of the strongest Atlantic hurricanes on record. Janet was also the first named storm to have 1,000 deaths and the first Category 5 storm name to ...
, one of the strongest North Atlantic tropical cyclones on record, sweeps the Lesser Antilles and Mexico, causing more than 1,020 deaths.
* September 22 – Commercial television
Commercial broadcasting (also called private broadcasting) is the broadcasting of television programs and radio programming by privately owned corporate media, as opposed to state sponsorship. It was the United States′ first model of radio (an ...
starts in the United Kingdom with the Independent Television Authority's first ITV franchises beginning broadcasting in London, ending the BBC #REDIRECT BBC
Here i going to introduce about the best teacher of my life b BALAJI sir. He is the precious gift that I got befor 2yrs . How has helped and thought all the concept and made my success in the 10th board exam. ...
monopoly.
* September 23: A 6.8 earthquake shakes the Chinese county of Huili
Huili (; Yi: or ''nyi ddix xiep'' or ''hop li xiep'') is a county-level city of far southern Sichuan province, China. It is under the administration of the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture.
The county-level city was severely affected by t ...
, leaving 728 dead and 1,547 injured.
* September 24
Events Pre-1600
* 787 – Second Council of Nicaea: The council assembles at the church of Hagia Sophia.
* 1568 – Spanish naval forces defeat an English fleet, under the command of John Hawkins, at the Battle of San Juan de Ulúa ne ...
– Dwight D. Eisenhower
Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower (born David Dwight Eisenhower; ; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American military officer and statesman who served as the 34th president of the United States from 1953 to 1961. During World War II, ...
, President of the United States, suffers a coronary thrombosis
Coronary thrombosis is defined as the formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel of the heart. This blood clot may then restrict blood flow within the heart, leading to heart tissue damage, or a myocardial infarction, also known as a heart at ...
while on vacation in Denver, Colorado. Vice President Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was t ...
serves as Acting President while Eisenhower recovers.
* September 24
Events Pre-1600
* 787 – Second Council of Nicaea: The council assembles at the church of Hagia Sophia.
* 1568 – Spanish naval forces defeat an English fleet, under the command of John Hawkins, at the Battle of San Juan de Ulúa ne ...
– the body of Glycine Watch SA
Glycine Watch SA, or simply Glycine (), is a Swiss watchmaker founded in 1914 in Biel/Bienne, Switzerland, where its manufacturing and headquarters remain today. In 1930, Glycine released the first mass-produced automatic watches, and in 1959, it ...
founder Eugène Meylan, age 64, found stoned to death
* September 30 – Actor James Dean
James Byron Dean (February 8, 1931September 30, 1955) was an American actor. He is remembered as a cultural icon of teenage disillusionment and social estrangement, as expressed in the title of his most celebrated film, '' Rebel Without a Caus ...
is killed when his automobile collides with another car at a highway junction, near Cholame, California
Cholame (; Salinan: ''Tco'alam'') is an unincorporated community in San Luis Obispo County, California, United States. It sits within a mile of the San Andreas Fault at an elevation of above sea level and is located at . Cholame is reached via ...
.
October
*October 2
Events Pre-1600
* 829 – Theophilos succeeds his father Michael II as Byzantine Emperor.
* 939 – Battle of Andernach: Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, crushes a rebellion against his rule, by a coalition of Eberhard of Franconia and ...
– ''Alfred Hitchcock Presents
''Alfred Hitchcock Presents'' is an American television anthology series created, hosted and produced by Alfred Hitchcock, aired on CBS and NBC between 1955 and 1965. It features dramas, thrillers and mysteries. Between 1962 and 1965 it was rena ...
'' debuts on the CBS
CBS Broadcasting Inc., commonly shortened to CBS, the abbreviation of its former legal name Columbia Broadcasting System, is an American commercial broadcast television and radio network serving as the flagship property of the CBS Entertainme ...
TV network in the United States.
* October 3
Events Pre-1600
*2457 BC – Gaecheonjeol, Hwanung (환웅) purportedly descended from heaven. South Korea's National Foundation Day.
*52 BC – Gallic Wars: Vercingetorix, leader of the Gauls, surrenders to the Romans under Julius C ...
– '' The Mickey Mouse Club'' debuts on the ABC-TV network in the United States.
* October 4
Events Pre-1600
*AD 23 – Rebels sack the Chinese capital Chang'an during a peasant rebellion.
* 1209 – Otto IV is crowned Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by Pope Innocent III.
*1302 – The Byzantine–Venetian War comes t ...
– The Reverend Sun Myung Moon is released from prison in Seoul, South Korea.
* October 5
Events Pre-1600
* 610 – Heraclius arrives at Constantinople, kills Byzantine Emperor Phocas, and becomes emperor.
* 816 – King Louis the Pious is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by the Pope.
* 869 – The Fourth Co ...
– Disneyland Hotel opens to the public in Anaheim, California
Anaheim ( ) is a city in northern Orange County, California, part of the Los Angeles metropolitan area. As of the 2020 United States Census, the city had a population of 346,824, making it the most populous city in Orange County, the 10th-most p ...
.
* October 11
Events Pre-1600
*1138 – A massive earthquake strikes Aleppo; it is one of the most destructive earthquakes ever.
* 1142 – A peace treaty ends the Jin–Song wars.
*1311 – The peerage and clergy restrict the authority of Eng ...
– 70-mm film for projection is introduced, with the theatrical release of Rodgers and Hammerstein's musical film, '' Oklahoma!''.
* October 14
Events Pre-1600
*1066 – The Norman conquest of England begins with the Battle of Hastings.
*1322 – Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats King Edward II of England at the Battle of Old Byland, forcing Edward to accept Scotland's ...
– The Organization of Central American States
An organization or organisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences), is an entity—such as a company, an institution, or an association—comprising one or more people and having a particular purpose.
The word is derived from ...
secretariat is inaugurated.
* October 20 – Disc jockey Bill Randle
Bill Randle (March 14, 1923 – July 9, 2004) was an American disc jockey, lawyer and university professor.
Randle was born William McKinley Randle Jr. in Detroit, Michigan. In Detroit, he hosted a popular show on WJLB-AM radio (now WDTK) called ...
of WERE
''Were'' and ''wer'' are archaic terms for adult male humans and were often used for alliteration with wife as "were and wife" in Germanic-speaking cultures ( ang, wer, odt, wer, got, waír, ofs, wer, osx, wer, goh, wer, non, verr).
In ...
( Cleveland) is the key presenter of a concert at Brooklyn High School (Ohio)
Brooklyn High School is a public high school located in Brooklyn, Ohio. It is the only high school in the Brooklyn City School District.
The school colors are royal blue and gold. The sports teams are named the Hurricanes or the 'Canes (Hurcs wa ...
, featuring Pat Boone and Bill Haley & His Comets
Bill Haley & His Comets were an American rock and roll band founded in 1947 that continued until Haley's death in 1981. The band was also known as Bill Haley and the Comets and Bill Haley's Comets. From late 1954 to late 1956, the group record ...
, and opening with Elvis Presley (Elvis's first filmed performance), for a documentary on Randle titled ''The Pied Piper of Cleveland
''The Pied Piper of Cleveland: A Day in the Life of a Famous Disc Jockey'' is an American musical documentary film produced in the fall of 1955 documenting the career of disc jockey Bill Randle. Arthur Cohen directed the film, which was produced ...
''.
* October 26
** After the last Allied troops have left Austria
Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous c ...
, and following the provisions of the Austrian Independence Treaty
The Austrian State Treaty (german: Österreichischer Staatsvertrag ) or Austrian Independence Treaty re-established Austria as a sovereign state. It was signed on 15 May 1955 in Vienna, at the Schloss Belvedere among the Allied occupying p ...
, the country declares its permanent neutrality.
** Ngô Đình Diệm
Ngô Đình Diệm ( or ; ; 3 January 1901 – 2 November 1963) was a South Vietnamese politician. He was the final prime minister of the State of Vietnam (1954–1955), and then served as the first president of South Vietnam (Republic o ...
proclaims Vietnam to be a republic, with himself as its President (following the State of Vietnam referendum on October 23), and forms the Army of the Republic of Vietnam
The Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN; ; french: Armée de la république du Viêt Nam) composed the ground forces of the South Vietnamese military from its inception in 1955 to the Fall of Saigon in April 1975. It is estimated to have suffe ...
.
* October 27
Events Pre-1600
* 312 – Constantine is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross.
* 1275 – Traditional founding of the city of Amsterdam.
* 1524 – French troops lay siege to Pavia.
* 1553 – Condemned as a ...
– The film ''Rebel Without a Cause
''Rebel Without a Cause'' is a 1955 American coming-of-age drama film about emotionally confused suburban, middle-class teenagers. Filmed in the then recently introduced CinemaScope format and directed by Nicholas Ray, it offered both social com ...
'', starring James Dean
James Byron Dean (February 8, 1931September 30, 1955) was an American actor. He is remembered as a cultural icon of teenage disillusionment and social estrangement, as expressed in the title of his most celebrated film, '' Rebel Without a Caus ...
, is released in the United States.
* October 29
Events Pre-1600
* 312 – Constantine the Great enters Rome after his victory at the Battle of the Milvian Bridge, stages a grand '' adventus'' in the city, and is met with popular jubilation. Maxentius' body is fished out of the Tiber and ...
– Soviet battleship ''Novorossiysk'' explodes at moorings in Sevastopol Bay, killing 608 (the Soviet Union's worst naval disaster to date).
November
* November 1
Events Pre-1600
*365 – The Alemanni cross the Rhine and invade Gaul. Emperor Valentinian I moves to Paris to command the army and defend the Gallic cities.
* 996 – Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freising, ...
** Official start date of the Vietnam War between the Democratic Republic of Vietnam
North Vietnam, officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV; vi, Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa), was a socialist state supported by the Soviet Union (USSR) and the People's Republic of China (PRC) in Southeast Asia that existed f ...
and Republic of Vietnam; the north is allied with the Viet Cong
,
, war = the Vietnam War
, image = FNL Flag.svg
, caption = The flag of the Viet Cong, adopted in 1960, is a variation on the flag of North Vietnam. Sometimes the lower stripe was green.
, active ...
.
** A time bomb explodes in the cargo hold of United Airlines Flight 629
United Air Lines Flight 629, registration N37559, was a Douglas DC-6B aircraft also known as "Mainliner Denver", that was blown up on November 1, 1955, by a dynamite bomb placed in the checked luggage. The explosion occurred over Longmont, Colo ...
, a Douglas DC-6B, over Longmont, Colorado, killing all 39 passengers and 5 crew members on board.
* November 3
Events Pre-1600
* 361 – Emperor Constantius II dies of a fever at Mopsuestia in Cilicia; on his deathbed he is baptised and declares his cousin Julian rightful successor.
*1333 – The River Arno floods causing massive damage in Fl ...
– The Rimutaka Tunnel
The Remutaka Tunnel (spelled Rimutaka Tunnel before 2017) is a railway tunnel through New Zealand's Remutaka Range, between Maymorn, near Upper Hutt, and Featherston, on the Wairarapa Line.
The tunnel, which was opened to traffic on 3 Novem ...
opens on the New Zealand Railways, at 5.46 mi (8.79 km), the longest in the Southern Hemisphere at this time.
* November 5 - Emmett "Doc" Brown invents time travel
* November 15
Events Pre-1600
* 655 – Battle of the Winwaed: Penda of Mercia is defeated by Oswiu of Northumbria.
*1315 – Growth of the Old Swiss Confederacy: The Schweizer Eidgenossenschaft ambushes the army of Leopold I in the Battle of Mor ...
– The Democratic Party of Japan and Japan Liberal Party merge to form the Japan Liberal Democratic Party, beginning the "1955 System
The , also known as the one-and-a-half party system, is the dominant-party system in Japan that has existed since 1955, in which the right-wing Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) has successively held a majority government with major opposition par ...
".
* November 19
Events Pre-1600
* 461 – Libius Severus is declared emperor of the Western Roman Empire. The real power is in the hands of the ''magister militum'' Ricimer.
* 636 – The Rashidun Caliphate defeats the Sasanian Empire at the Battl ...
– C. Northcote Parkinson
Cyril Northcote Parkinson (30 July 1909 – 9 March 1993) was a British naval historian and author of some 60 books, the most famous of which was his best-seller ''Parkinson's Law'' (1957), in which Parkinson advanced Parkinson's law, stating t ...
first propounds ' Parkinson's law', in '' The Economist''.
* November 20
Events Pre-1600
* 284 – Diocletian is chosen as Roman emperor.
* 762 – During the An Shi Rebellion, the Tang dynasty, with the help of Huihe tribe, recaptures Luoyang from the rebels.
*1194 – Palermo is conquered by Henr ...
– Bo Diddley
Ellas McDaniel (born Ellas Otha Bates; December 30, 1928 – June 2, 2008), known professionally as Bo Diddley, was an American guitarist who played a key role in the transition from the blues to rock and roll. He influenced many artists, inclu ...
makes his television debut on Ed Sullivan
Edward Vincent Sullivan (September 28, 1901 – October 13, 1974) was an American television personality, impresario, sports and entertainment reporter, and syndicated columnist for the ''New York Daily News'' and the Chicago Tribune New Yo ...
's ''Toast Of The Town'' show for the CBS-TV
CBS Broadcasting Inc., commonly shortened to CBS, the abbreviation of its former legal name Columbia Broadcasting System, is an American commercial broadcast television and radio network serving as the flagship property of the CBS Entertainm ...
network in the United States.
* November 23 – The Cocos Islands
)
, anthem = "''Advance Australia Fair''"
, song_type =
, song =
, image_map = Australia on the globe (Cocos (Keeling) Islands special) (Southeast Asia centered).svg
, map_alt = Location of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands
, map_caption = ...
in the Indian Ocean are transferred from British to Australian control.
* November 26 – The British Governor of Cyprus declares a state of emergency on the island.
* November 27 – The Westboro Baptist Church holds its first service in Topeka, Kansas.
December
* December 1 – In Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks refuses to obey bus driver James F. Blake's order that she give up her seat to make room for a white passenger, and is arrested, leading to the Montgomery bus boycott.
* December 4 – The International Federation of Blood Donor Organizations is founded in Luxembourg.
* December 5
** The American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations merge, to become the AFL–CIO.
** The Montgomery Improvement Association is formed in Montgomery, Alabama, by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., and other Black ministers to coordinate the Montgomery bus boycott by Black people.
* December 9 – Adnan Menderes of Democrat Party (Turkey, historical), DP forms the new government of Turkey (22nd government).
* December 10 – 1955 Australian federal election: Robert Menzies' Liberal Party of Australia, Liberal/National Party of Australia, Country Coalition (Australia), Coalition Menzies Government (1949-66), Government is re-elected with a substantially increased majority, defeating the Australian Labor Party, Labor Party led by H. V. Evatt. This election comes in the immediate aftermath of the devastating Australian Labor Party split of 1955, split in the Labor Party, which leads to the formation of the Democratic Labor Party (historical), Democratic Labor Party. The DLP will preference against Labor, and keep the Coalition in office until 1972 Australian federal election, 1972.
* December 14
** The Tappan Zee Bridge (1955–2017), Tappan Zee Bridge over the Hudson River, in New York (state), New York State, opens to traffic.
** Albania, Austria
Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous c ...
, Bulgaria
Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Maced ...
, Cambodia, Finland, Hungary, Republic of Ireland, Ireland, Italy, Jordan, Laos, Libya, Nepal, Portugal, Romania, Spain, and Sri Lanka join the United Nations simultaneously, after several years of moratorium on admitting new members that began during the Korean War.
* December 20 – Cardiff is declared by the British Government as the capital of Wales.
* December 22 – American cytogeneticist Joe Hin Tjio discovers the correct number of human chromosomes, forty-six.
* December 31
** General Motors becomes the first American corporation to make a profit of over 1 billion dollars in 1 year.
** Austria
Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous c ...
becomes independent, under terms of the May 15 Austrian State Treaty
The Austrian State Treaty (german: Österreichischer Staatsvertrag ) or Austrian Independence Treaty re-established Austria as a sovereign state. It was signed on 15 May 1955 in Vienna, at the Schloss Belvedere among the Allied occupying p ...
.
World population
* World population: 2,755,823,000 ** Africa: 246,746,000 ** Asia: 1,541,947,000 ** Europe: 575,184,000 ** South America: 190,797,000 ** North America: 186,884,000 ** Oceania: 14,265,000Births
January
* January 1
** Mario Andreacchio, Australian film director
** Bonnie Arnold, American film producer
** Mary Beard (classicist), Mary Beard, English classicist
** Akissi Kouamé, Ivorian army general (d. 2022)
** Simon Schaffer, English academic and historian of science and philosophy
** Mulatu Teshome, Ethiopian politician and 8th President of Ethiopia
* January 4 – Mark Hollis (musician), Mark Hollis, English musician (d. 2019)
* January 5 – Mamata Banerjee, Indian politician, Chief Minister of West Bengal
* January 6 – Rowan Atkinson, English comic actor
* January 7 – Belinda Meuldijk, Dutch actress
* January 8 – Mike Reno, Canadian musician
* January 9
** Michiko Kakutani, American literary critic
** J. K. Simmons, American actor
* January 10
** Michael Schenker, German guitarist (Scorpions (band), Scorpions, UFO (band), UFO, Michael Schenker Group)
** Jimmy Vivino, American guitarist
* January 12 – Kerry-Lynne Findlay, Canadian politician
* January 13
** Paul Kelly (Australian musician), Paul Kelly, Australian musician
** Jay McInerney, American writer
* January 15
** Andreas Gursky, German photographer
** Enrico Mentana, Italian journalist
* January 16
** Mary Karr, American poet
** J. S. G. Boggs, American artist
* January 17 – Steve Earle, American musician
* January 18
Events Pre-1600
* 474 – Seven-year-old Leo II succeeds his maternal grandfather Leo I as Byzantine emperor. He dies ten months later.
* 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople fail.
* 1126 – Emperor Huizong abdicates the Chine ...
** Kevin Costner, American actor, producer and director
** Frankie Knuckles, American disk jockey and record producer (d. 2014)
** Marilyn Mazur, Danish percussionist
* January 19
** Sir Simon Rattle, English orchestral conductor
** Paul Rodriguez (actor), Paul Rodriguez, Mexican American actor and comedian
* January 20 – Wyatt Knight, American actor (d. 2011)
* January 21 – Jeff Koons, American artist
* January 22 – Sonja Morgenstern, German figure skater
* January 25 – Olivier Assayas, French film director
* January 26
** Björn Andrésen, Swedish actor
** Eddie Van Halen, Dutch-American rock musician (Van Halen) (d. 2020)
** Lucía Méndez, Mexican film actress
* January 27
** John Roberts, Chief Justice of the United States
** Ratnottama Sengupta, Indian journalist
* January 28
** Vinod Khosla, Indian-born American venture capitalist
** Nicolas Sarkozy, 23rd President of France
* January 29
** Rachid Mouffouk, Algerian sculptor
** Femi Pedro, Deputy Governor of Lagos State, Nigeria
* January 30 – Mychal Thompson, Bahamian basketball player
February
* February 1 – Hans Werner Olm, German television and film comedian
* February 2 – Leszek Engelking, Polish poet, writer and translator (d. 2022)
* February 3
** Kirsty Wark, Scottish television presenter
* February 4 – Joseph D. Kernan, American military officer, Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence
* February 6
** Michael Pollan, American journalist
** Irinej Dobrijević, American-born Serbian Bishop of Australia and New Zealand
* February 7 – Miguel Ferrer, American actor (d. 2017)
* February 8
** Janusz Cisek, Polish historian (d. 2020)
** Jim Neidhart, American professional wrestler (d. 2018)
** John Grisham, American novelist
** Ethan Phillips, American actor
** Xu Bing, Chinese artist
* February 9 – Charles Shaughnessy, English actor
* February 10
** Chris Adams (wrestler), Chris Adams, English wrestler and judoka (d. 2001)
** Pablo Borges Delgado, Cuban artist
** Jim Cramer, American television personality
** Greg Norman, Australian golfer
* February 12
** David Owen Brooks, American convicted murderer (d. 2020)
** Bill Laswell, American bass guitarist
* February 13 – Hank Risan, American scientist
* February 14
** Guillermo Francella, Argentine actor
** Mitsuhisa Taguchi, Japanese footballer (d. 2019)
* February 15
** Janice Dickinson, American model, photographer, author and talent agent
** Christopher McDonald, American actor
* February 16 – Bradley Byrne, American business attorney and politician, Alabama
* February 17 – Mo Yan, Chinese writer
* February 18 – Cheetah Chrome, American musician
* February 19
** Jeff Daniels, American actor
** Siri Hustvedt, American novelist
* February 20 – Mack Wilberg, American composer
* February 21 – Kelsey Grammer, American actor and comedian
* February 22 – David Axelrod (political consultant), David Axelrod, American political analyst
* February 23 – Flip Saunders, American basketball coach (d. 2015)
* February 24
** Deborah Coyne, Canadian constitutional lawyer
** Steve Jobs, American businessman and founder of Apple Computer (d. 2011)
** Alain Prost, French four-time Formula 1 world champion
* February 25 – Leann Hunley, American television actress
* February 27 – Grady Booch, American software engineer
March
* March 1
** Sir Timothy Laurence, English vice admiral and second husband of Anne, Princess Royal
** Denis Mukwege, Congolese gynecologist, Nobel Peace Prize laureate
* March 2
Events Pre-1600
* 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his '' bucellarii'' are almost cut ...
– Shoko Asahara, Japanese cult leader (Aum Shinrikyo) (d. 2018)
* March 3 – Kent Derricott, Canadian TV personality in Japan
* March 4 – Dominique Pinon, French actor
* March 5
** Julien Dray, French politician
** Penn Jillette, American magician and comedian (Penn & Teller)
** Deddy Mizwar, Indonesian politician, actor, movie Director
* March 6
** Wendy Boglioli, American Olympic gold medallist swimmer (1976)
** Jay Ilagan, Filipino actor (d. 1992)
** Cyprien Ntaryamira, Burundian politician, 5th President of Burundi (d. 1994)
** Alberta Watson, Canadian actress (d. 2015)
* March 7
** Michael Jan Friedman, American novelist and comic book writer
** Tommy Kramer, American football player
* March 8 – Don Ashby, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1981)
* March 9
** Ornella Muti, Italian actress
** Franco Uncini, Italian motorcycle racer
* March 10
** Yousra, Egyptian actress and singer
** Marianne Rosenberg, German singer
* March 11 – Nina Hagen, German pop singer
* March 12 – Richard Martini (director), Richard Martini, American film director
* March 13
** Bruno Conti, Italian football player
** Gail Grandchamp, American female boxer
** Glenne Headly, American actress of film, stage and television (d. 2017)
* March 14 – Stephen R. Bissette, American comics artist
* March 15
** Robert Kabbas, Egyptian-born Australian Olympic silver medallist weightlifter
** Dee Snider, American rock singer (Twisted Sister)
* March 16
** Bruno Barreto, Brazilian film director
** Jiro Watanabe, Japanese former world super flyweight champion boxer
* March 17
Events Pre-1600
* 45 BC – In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger in the Battle of Munda.
* 180 – Commodus becomes sole emperor of the Roman Empire at the age of ei ...
** Cynthia McKinney, American politician, activist
** Gary Sinise, American actor, producer and director
* March 18
** Carlos Enrique Trinidad Gómez, Guatemalan Roman Catholic prelate (d. 2018)
** Guillermo Dávila, Venezuelan actor and singer
** Dwayne Murphy, American baseball player
* March 19
Events Pre-1600
* 1277 – The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1277 is concluded, stipulating a two-year truce and renewing Venetian commercial privileges in the Byzantine Empire.
* 1279 – A Mongol victory at the Battle of Yamen end ...
** Pino Daniele, Italian music artist (d. 2015)
** Bruce Willis, American actor
** Simon Yam, Hong Kong actor
* March 20
** Eric Schiller, American chess player and author (d. 2018)
** Mariya Takeuchi, Japanese singer-songwriter
* March 21
** Jair Bolsonaro, Brazilian congressman and politician, 38th President of Brazil
** Philippe Troussier, French football coach
** Bärbel Wöckel, East German sprinter
* March 22
** Lena Olin, Swedish actress
** Pete Sessions, American politician
** Valdis Zatlers, 7th President of Latvia
* March 23
** Moses Malone, American basketball player (d. 2015)
** Susan Schwab, American politician, who served under President George W. Bush as United States Trade Representative
* March 24
** Celâl Şengör, Turkish geologist
** Kim Johnston Ulrich, American actress
* March 25 – Wendy Larry, American head coach of the Old Dominion University Lady Monarchs women's basketball team
* March 26 – Danny Arndt, Canadian ice hockey player
* March 27 – Mariano Rajoy, Prime Minister of Spain
* March 28 – Reba McEntire, American country singer and actress
* March 29
** Earl Campbell, American football player
** Margaret I. Cuomo, American radiologist
** Brendan Gleeson, Irish actor
** Christopher Lawford, American author, actor and activist (d. 2018)
** Marina Sirtis, English actress
* March 30
** Marilou Diaz-Abaya, Filipina film director (d. 2012)
** Randy VanWarmer, American singer-songwriter (d. 2004)
** Humberto Vélez, Mexican voice actor
* March 31
** Philip Dimitrov, Bulgarian politician
** Angus Young, lead guitarist of Australian rock group AC/DC
April
* April 1
Events Pre-1600
* 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held.
* 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne.
* 1081 – Alexios I Ko ...
– Ockie Oosthuizen, South African rugby union player (d. 2019)
* April 2
** Sirindhorn, Princess Royal of Thailand
** Chellie Pingree, Democratic politician, Maine's 1st congressional district
* April 3 – Mick Mars, American rock guitarist (Mötley Crüe)
* April 5
Events Pre-1600
* 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I.
* 919 – The second Fatimid invasion of Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, sets out from Raqqada at the head of his ...
– Akira Toriyama, Japanese manga artist
* April 6
Events Pre–1600
*46 BC – Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato (Cato the Younger) at the Battle of Thapsus.
* 402 – Stilicho defeats the Visigoths under Alaric in the Battle of Pollentia.
*132 ...
– Michael Rooker, American actor
* April 7
** Bruno Zaremba, French footballer (d. 2018)
** Grace Hightower, American philanthropist, actress and singer
** Gregg Jarrett, American lawyer turned journalist
** Akira Nishino (footballer), Akira Nishino, Japanese soccer player and manager
** Werner Stocker (actor), Werner Stocker, German actor (d. 1993)
* April 8
** Kane Hodder, American actor
** Barbara Kingsolver, American fiction writer
* April 9 – Kate Heyhoe, American food writer
* April 10
Events Pre-1600
* 428 – Nestorius becomes the Patriarch of Constantinople.
* 837 – Halley's Comet makes its closest approach to Earth at a distance equal to 0.0342 AU (5.1 million kilometres/3.2 million miles).
* 1407 ...
– Philip J. Hanlon, American mathematician and computer science, List of presidents of Dartmouth College, 18th President of Dartmouth College
* April 11
Events Pre-1600
* 491 – Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine emperor, with the name of Anastasius I.
*1241 – Batu Khan defeats Béla IV of Hungary at the Battle of Mohi.
*1512 – War of the League of Cambrai: Franco-Ferrares ...
– Kevin Brady, American politician, Texas's 8th congressional district
* April 12
Events Pre-1600
* 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I.
* 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
* 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted ...
– Fred Ryan, chief executive officer of The Washington Post
* April 13
** Steve Camp, American Christian musician
** Hideki Saijo, Japanese singer and actor (d. 2018)
* April 14
Events Pre-1600
*43 BC – Legions loyal to the Roman Senate, commanded by Gaius Pansa, defeat the forces of Mark Antony in the Battle of Forum Gallorum.
* 69 – Vitellius, commanding Rhine-based armies, defeats Roman emperor Otho i ...
– Don Roos, American screenwriter
* April 15
Events Pre-1600
* 769 – The Lateran Council ends by condemning the Council of Hieria and anathematizing its iconoclastic rulings.
*1071 – Bari, the last Byzantine possession in southern Italy, is surrendered to Robert Guiscard.
...
** Tommy Castro, American blues guitarist
** Dodi Fayed, Egyptian film producer (d. 1997
File:1997 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The movie set of ''Titanic (1997 film), Titanic'', the List of highest-grossing films, highest-grossing movie in history at the time; ''Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'', is published; ...
)
** Jeff Golub, American jazz guitarist (d. 2015)
* April 16
Events Pre-1600
* 1457 BC – Battle of Megido - the first battle to have been recorded in what is accepted as relatively reliable detail.
* 69 – Defeated by Vitellius' troops at Bedriacum, Otho commits suicide.
* 73 – Masad ...
** Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg
** DJ Kool Herc, Jamaican American DJ
* April 17
Events Pre-1600
*1080 – Harald III of Denmark dies and is succeeded by Canute IV, who would later be the first Dane to be canonized.
* 1349 – The rule of the Bavand dynasty in Mazandaran is brought to an end by the murder of Has ...
** Bolland & Bolland, Rob Bolland, Dutch musician, songwriter and music producer (Bolland & Bolland)
** Pete Shelley, English punk rock singer-songwriter, musician (Buzzcocks) (d. 2018)
** Dave VanDam, American voice actor and impressionist (d. 2018)
* April 18
Events Pre-1600
* 796 – King Æthelred I of Northumbria is murdered in Corbridge by a group led by his ealdormen, Ealdred and Wada. The ''patrician'' Osbald is crowned, but abdicates within 27 days.
*1428 – Peace of Ferrara bet ...
– Bobby Castillo, American baseball player (d. 2014)
* April 20
** Rotimi Fani-Kayode, Nigerian-born British photographer (d. 1989)
** Svante Pääbo, Swedish evolutionary geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
* April 21
** Ebiet G. Ade, Indonesian singer and songwriter
** Toninho Cerezo, Brazilian footballer and coach
* April 23
** Judy Davis, Australian actress
** Ludovikus Simanullang, Indonesian Roman Catholic bishop (d. 2018)
** Fumi Hirano, Japanese voice actress and essayist
** Tony Miles, English chess player (d. 2001)
* April 24 – John de Mol, Dutch media tycoon
* April 25
** Karon O. Bowdre, United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama.
** John Nunn, English chess player and mathematician
** Parviz Parastui, Iranian actor
* April 26 – Chen Daoming, Chinese actor
* April 27
** James Risen, American Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative reporter and author
** Eric Schmidt, American software engineer and businessman, CEO of Google (2001-2011)
** Jing Yidan, Chinese former television host
* April 28
** Saeb Erekat, Palestinian diplomat (d. 2020)
** Eddie Jobson, English musician
* April 29
** Richard Epcar, American voice actor
** Kate Mulgrew, American actress
** Yūko Tanaka, Japanese actress
* April 30 – Zlatko Topčić, Bosnian writer and screenwriter
May
* May 2
** Willie Miller, Scottish footballer
** Donatella Versace, Italian designer
** Dave Winer, American software pioneer
* May 4
** Avram Grant, Israeli football manager
** Robert Ellis Orrall, American singer
* May 6
Events Pre-1600
*1527 – Spanish and German troops sack Rome; many scholars consider this the end of the Renaissance.
*1536 – The Siege of Cuzco commences, in which Incan forces attempt to retake the city of Cuzco from the Spani ...
– Tom Bergeron, American television host
* May 7
Events Pre-1600
* 351 – The Jewish revolt against Constantius Gallus breaks out after his arrival at Antioch.
* 558 – In Constantinople, the dome of the Hagia Sophia collapses, twenty years after its construction. Justinian I im ...
– Peter Reckell, American actor
* May 8
** Betsy Baker, American actress
** Meles Zenawi, 10th Prime Minister of Ethiopia and 3rd President of Ethiopia (d. 2012)
* May 9
Events Pre-1600
* 328 – Athanasius is elected Patriarch of Alexandria.
* 1009 – Lombard Revolt: Lombard forces led by Melus revolt in Bari against the Byzantine Catepanate of Italy.
*1386 – England and Portugal formally r ...
** Kevin Peter Hall, American actor (d. 1991
File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the Ph ...
)
** Anne Sofie von Otter, Swedish mezzo-soprano
* May 10
** Chris Berman, American sports broadcaster
** Mark David Chapman, American murderer of musician John Lennon
* May 14
** Big Van Vader, American professional wrestler and football player (d. 2018)
** Dave Hoover, American comic book artist and animator (d. 2011)
** Robert Tapert, American television producer
* May 15
** Mohamed Brahmi, Tunisian politician (assassinated 2013)
** Lee Horsley, American film, television and theater actor
** Hege Skjeie, Norwegian political scientist and feminist (d. 2018)
* May 16
** Olga Korbut, Soviet gymnast
** Olli Kortekangas, Finnish composer
** Jack Morris, American baseball player
** Richard Phillips (merchant mariner), Richard Phillips, American merchant mariner and captain of the ''MV Maersk Alabama''
** Debra Winger, American actress
* May 17 – Bill Paxton, American actor (d. 2017)
* May 18 – Chow Yun-fat, Hong Kong actor
* May 19
** Mark Staff Brandl, American and Swiss artist and art historian
** James Gosling, Canadian software engineer
** Th. Emil Homerin, American theologian
* May 20
** Diego Abatantuono, Italian actor
** Steve George (keyboardist), Steve George, American keyboardist and singer
** Zbigniew Preisner, Polish film composer
* May 21 – Sergei Shoigu, Russian politician, (Russian Defence Minister)
* May 22
** Chalmers "Spanky" Alford, American jazz guitarist (d. 2008)
** Iva Davies, Australian singer and musician; lead singer of Icehouse (band), Icehouse
** Dale Winton, English radio DJ and television presenter (d. 2018)
* May 24 – Rosanne Cash, American entertainer
* May 25
Events Pre-1600
*567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans.
* 240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet.
* 1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toled ...
– Connie Sellecca, American actress
* May 26 – Doris Dörrie, German actress and screenplay writer
* May 27 – Richard Schiff, American actor and comedian
* May 29
** John Hinckley Jr., attempted assassin of Ronald Reagan
** Mike Porcaro, American bass guitarist (Toto (band), Toto) (d. 2015)
* May 30
** Brian Kobilka, American physiologist
** Paresh Rawal, Indian actor
** Colm Tóibín, Irish novelist
* May 31
** Tommy Emmanuel, Australian guitarist
** Susie Essman, American actress
** Lynne Truss, English writer
June
* June 1
**Chiyonofuji Mitsugu, Japanese sumo wrestler (58th Yokozuna grand champion) (d. 2016)
**David Schultz (professional wrestler), David Schultz,"Dr. D" American professional wrestler
* June 2 – Dana Carvey, American actor and comedian
* June 3 – Daniel Filmus, Argentine politician, member of the Chamber of Deputies of Argentina
* June 4
** Precious (wrestling), Precious, Canadian professional wrestling valet
** Mary Testa, American film actress
* June 5 – Fernando Borrego Linares, Cuban singer and songwriter (aka Polo Montañez)
* June 6
** Sandra Bernhard, American comedian, actress, author and singer
** Chris Nyman, American baseball player
** Sam Simon, American filmmaker (d. 2015)
* June 7
Events Pre-1600
* 421 – Emperor Theodosius II marries Aelia Eudocia at Constantinople (Byzantine Empire).
* 879 – Pope John VIII recognizes the Duchy of Croatia under Duke Branimir as an independent state.
*1002 – Henry II ...
** Jo Gilbert, English film producer and casting director (d. 2018)
** Bob Beatty, American football coach
** Tim Richmond, American race car driver (d. 1989)
* June 8
** Duke Aiona, 10th Lieutenant Governor of Hawaii
** Tim Berners-Lee, English computer scientist and World Wide Web inventor
** Griffin Dunne, American actor and director
* June 10
** Floyd Bannister, American baseball player
** Andrew Stevens, American actor, producer and director
* June 11
Events Pre-1600
* 173 – Marcomannic Wars: The Roman army in Moravia is encircled by the Quadi, who have broken the peace treaty (171). In a violent thunderstorm emperor Marcus Aurelius defeats and subdues them in the so-called "miracle ...
– Yuriy Sedykh, Ukrainian hammer thrower (d. 2021)
* June 12- Jagadish Kumar, Indian Malayalam film actor
* June 12 – William Langewiesche, American author
* June 13
Events Pre-1600
* 313 – The decisions of the Edict of Milan, signed by Constantine the Great and co-emperor Valerius Licinius, granting religious freedom throughout the Roman Empire, are published in Nicomedia.
*1325 – Ibn Battu ...
– John E. Jones III, American justice
* June 14
** Tito Rojas, Puerto Rican salsa singer and songwriter (d. 2020)
** Kim Lankford, American actress, businesswoman and horse wrangler
** Paul O'Grady (also known as "Lily Savage"), English talk show host and comedian
* June 15
** István Levente Garai, Hungarian physician and politician (d. 2018)
** Polly Draper, American actress, screenwriter, playwright, producer and director
** David A. Kennedy, son of Robert F. Kennedy (d. 1984)
* June 16 – Laurie Metcalf, American actress
* June 18 – Sandy Allen, American, world's tallest woman (d. 2008)
* June 20 – Tor Nørretranders, Danish author
* June 21
** Aloysius Amwano, Nauruan politician
** Tim Bray, Canadian computer programmer
** Jean-Pierre Mader, French singer-songwriter
** Leigh McCloskey, American actor
** Michel Platini, French retired football player and President of UEFA
* June 22 – Choi Kyoung-hwan, South Korean politician; Prime Minister of South Korea
* June 23
** Jean Tigana, Malian-French international footballer
** Glenn Danzig, American rock singer (Misfits (band), The Misfits, Samhain, Danzig (band), Danzig)
* June 24 – Nobuhiro Kiyotaki, Japanese economist and professor
* June 25 – Víctor Manuel Vucetich, Mexican footballer and manager
* June 26
** Gedde Watanabe, American actor and comedian
** Yoko Gushiken, Japanese former WBA light flyweight champion boxer
* June 27 – Isabelle Adjani, French actress
* June 30 – Egils Levits, President of Latvia
July
* July 1
Events Pre-1600
* 69 – Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor.
* 552 – Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and the ...
** Sanma Akashiya, Japanese comedian and actor
** Nikolai Demidenko, Russian born British classical pianist
** Christian Estrosi, French sportsman and politician
** Li Keqiang, Premier of the People's Republic of China
** Lisa Scottoline, American novelist
* July 2
** Andrew Divoff, Venezuelan actor
** Stephen Walt, American political scientist
** Sylvie Le Noach, French swimmer
** Randy Burchell, Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender
** Chau Giang, Vietnamese-born American professional poker player
** Proceso Alcala, Filipino politician
* July 3
** Bruce Altman, American actor
** John Cramer (announcer), John Cramer, American game show announcer
** Matt Keough, American baseball player
* July 4
** Eero Heinäluoma, Finnish politician
** Víctor Reymundo Nájera, Mexican politician
* July 5
** Sebastian Barry, Irish playwright, novelist and poet
** Shannon Bell, Canadian performance philosopher
** Mia Couto, Mozambican writer
** Muhammad Aslam Khan Raisani, Pakistani politician
** Henry Lee Summer, American singer
* July 7
Events Pre-1600
*1124 – The city of Tyre falls to the Venetian Crusade after a siege of nineteen weeks.
*1456 – A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her execution.
* 1520 – Spanish ''conquistado ...
** Paul Bahoken, Cameroonian footballer
** Rolf Saxon, American actor
** Ludo Vika, Dominican actress
* July 8
** Vladislava Milosavljević, Serbian actress
** Mihaela Mitrache, Romanian actress
* July 9
** Lindsey Graham, American politician, lawyer, United States Army, U.S. Army soldier, United States Senate, U.S. Senator (Republican Party (United States), R-South Carolina, Sc.) and unsuccessful 2016 United States presidential election, 2016 presidential candidate
** Fred Norris, American radio personality
** Jimmy Smits, American actor
* July 10
** Andrea Bruce, Jamaican athlete
** Vinnie Curto, American professional boxer
** Ray Goff, American football player and coach
** Dan Newhouse, American politician
* July 11
** Balaji Sadasivan, Singaporean politician and neurosurgeon
** Søren Sætter-Lassen, Danish actor
* July 12
** Timothy Garton Ash, English modern historian
** Nina Gunke, Swedish actress
** Tadashi Miyazawa, Japanese voice actor
* July 13
Events Pre-1600
* 1174 – William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173–74, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England.
*1249 – Coronation of Alexander III as King of Scots.
*1260 – The Livoni ...
– Yoshitaka Tamba, Japanese actor
* July 14 – Ramon Jimenez Jr., Filipino attorney (d. 2020)
* July 15
** Željko Burić, Croatian politician and doctor
** Didier Etumba, Congolese Army general
** Pooran Prakash, Indian politician
* July 16
** Zohar Argov, Israeli singer (d. 1987)
** Patrick Bernasconi, French business executive
** Ritva Elomaa, Finnish professional female bodybuilding champion, pop singer and politician
** Janet Huckabee, American politician
** Saw Swee Leong, Malaysian badminton player
* July 17
Events Pre-1600
* 180 – Twelve inhabitants of Scillium (near Kasserine, modern-day Tunisia) in North Africa are executed for being Christians. This is the earliest record of Christianity in that part of the world.
* 1048 – Damas ...
** Janina Buzūnaitė-Žukaitienė, Lithuanian painter, poet, creator of accessories and metal sculptures
** Fei Yu-ching, Taiwanese singer-songwriter
** Sylvie Léonard, French-Canadian actress
** Alvin Slaughter, American gospel singer-songwriter and worship leader
* July 18
Events Pre-1600
*477 BC – Battle of the Cremera as part of the Roman–Etruscan Wars. Veii ambushes and defeats the Roman army.
*387 BC – Roman-Gaulish Wars: Battle of the Allia: A Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, lead ...
** Bernd Fasching, Austrian painter and sculptor
** György Matolcsy, Hungarian politician and economist
** Sergey Zimov, Russian geophysicist and creator of Pleistocene Park
* July 19 – Karen Cheryl, French singer, actress, radio and television presenter
* July 20 – Edgar Zambrano, Venezuelan lawyer and politician
* July 21
** Adrienne King, American actress
** Dannel Malloy, American politician
** Howie Epstein, American musician and producer (d. 2003)
** Béla Tarr, Hungarian film director
* July 22
** Gbenga Bareehu Ashafa, Nigerian politician
** Willem Dafoe, American actor
* July 25 – Iman (model), Iman, Somalian model
* July 26
** Michele Pillar, American Christian musician
** Asif Ali Zardari, 11th President of Pakistan
* July 27 – Allan Border, Australian cricketer
* July 31 – Jakie Quartz, French singer
August
* August 1
Events Pre-1600
*30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic.
*AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under ...
– Paul Shrubb, English professional footballer, coach and scout (d. 2020)
* August 2
** John Battaglia, American convicted murderer (d. 2018)
** Caleb Carr, American writer
* August 3
** Corey Burton, American voice actor
** Roger Gifford, Lord Mayor of London 2013
* August 4
** Gerrie Coetzee, South African boxer, 1983-1984 World Boxing Association, WBA heavyweight champion.
** Billy Bob Thornton, American actor, director and screenwriter
* August 6
** Gordon J. Brand, English golfer (d. 2020)
** Ron Davis (pitcher), Ron Davis, American baseball player
** Earl "Chinna" Smith, Earl Smith, Jamaican Reggae guitarist
* August 7
** Wayne Knight, American actor and comedian
** Vladimir Sorokin, Russian writer
* August 8 – Diddú (Sigrún Hjálmtýsdóttir), Icelandic soprano and songwriter
* August 9 – Doug Williams (quarterback), Doug Williams, American football quarterback
* August 10 – Mel Tiangco, Filipina television anchor, journalist and humanitarian
* August 12
** Heintje Simons, Dutch singer and actor
** Gish Jen, American fiction writer
* August 13 – Daryl (magician), Daryl, American magician (d. 2017)
* August 17 – Richard Hilton, American businessman
* August 19
Events Pre-1600
*295 BC – The first temple to Venus, the Roman goddess of love, beauty and fertility, is dedicated by Quintus Fabius Maximus Gurges during the Third Samnite War.
*43 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus, later known ...
** Peter Gallagher, American actor
** Terry Harper (baseball), Terry Harper, American baseball player
** Apisai Ielemia, 10th Prime Minister of Tuvalu
* August 20
Events Pre-1600
*AD 14 – Agrippa Postumus, maternal grandson of the late Roman emperor Augustus, is mysteriously executed by his guards while in exile.
* 636 – Battle of Yarmouk: Arab forces led by Khalid ibn al-Walid take contro ...
– Agnes Chan, Hong Kong-born TV personality in Japan
* August 22
Events Pre-1600
* 392 – Arbogast has Eugenius elected Western Roman Emperor.
* 851 – Battle of Jengland: Erispoe defeats Charles the Bald near the Breton town of Jengland.
*1138 – Battle of the Standard between Scot ...
** Chiranjeevi, Indian actor
** Gordon Liu, Chinese actor
* August 24 – Mike Huckabee, American politician, Governor and 2008 Presidential candidate
* August 25
Events Pre-1600
* 19 – The Roman general Germanicus dies near Antioch. He was convinced that the mysterious illness that ended in his death was a result of poisoning by the Syrian governor Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso, whom he had ordered to ...
– John McGeoch, Scottish musician (d. 2004)
* August 27
Events Pre-1600
* 410 – The sacking of Rome by the Visigoths ends after three days.
*1172 – Henry the Young King and Margaret of France are crowned junior king and queen of England.
*1232 – Shikken Hojo Yasutoki of the Kam ...
** Laura Fygi, Dutch singer
** Diana Scarwid, American actress
** Sergey Khlebnikov, Soviet speed skater (d. 1999)
* August 30
** Mayumi Muroyama, Japanese manga artist
** Andy Pask, English bass player and composer (Landscape (band), Landscape)
** Helge Schneider, comedian, jazz musician and multi-instrumentalist, author, film and theatre director
* August 31 – Edwin Moses, American athlete
September
* September 1
** Billy Blanks, American martial artist; inventor of the Tae Bo exercise program
** Bruce Foxton, English musician
* September 2
Events
Pre-1600
*44 BC – Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion.
* 44 BC – Cicero launches the first of his '' Philippicae'' (oratorical attacks) on Mark Antony. He will make 14 of t ...
** Robert C. Duncan (astrophysicist), Robert Duncan, American astrophysicist
** Claus Kleber, German television journalist
** Natalya Petrusyova, Soviet speed skater
** Michelle Yim, Hong Kong actress
* September 4
** David Broza, Israeli singer-songwriter and activist
** Teodor Frunzeti, Romanian general
** Hiroshi Izawa, Japanese actor
* September 6
Events Pre-1600
* 394 – Battle of the Frigidus: Roman emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills Eugenius the usurper. His Frankish ''magister militum'' Arbogast escapes but commits suicide two days later.
*1492 – Christopher Colu ...
– Raymond Benson, American author
* September 7 – Efim Zelmanov, Russian mathematician
* September 9
** Edward Hibbert, English-American actor and literary agent
** John Kricfalusi, Canadian cartoonist
** Ivan Smirnov (guitar player), Ivan Smirnov, Russian composer and guitar player (d. 2018)
* September 12 – Peter Scolari, American actor and comedian
* September 13 – Dan Ghica-Radu, Romanian general
* September 14 – Daniella Levine Cava, American lawyer and politician
* September 15
** Željka Antunović, Croatian politician
** Brendan O'Carroll, Irish actor and comedian
** Bruce Reitherman, American filmmaker and voice actor
** Renzo Rosso, Italian clothing designer
* September 16 – Robin Yount, American baseball player
* September 17
** Marina Lima, Brazilian singer and songwriter
** Charles Martinet, American voice-actor
* September 18 – Bob Papenbrook, American voice actor (d. 2006)
* September 19
Events Pre-1600
* 85 – Nerva, suspected of complicity of the death of Domitian, is declared emperor by Senate. The Senate then annuls laws passed by Domitian and orders his statues to be destroyed.
* 634 – Siege of Damascus: Th ...
– Richard Burmer, American composer, sound designer and musician (d. 2006)
* September 21
Events Pre-1600
* 455 – Emperor Avitus enters Rome with a Gallic army and consolidates his power.
*1170 – The Kingdom of Dublin falls to Norman invaders.
*1217 – Livonian Crusade: The Estonian leader Lembitu and Livonian lead ...
** Richard Hieb, American astronaut
** Israel Katz, Israeli politician
* September 24
Events Pre-1600
* 787 – Second Council of Nicaea: The council assembles at the church of Hagia Sophia.
* 1568 – Spanish naval forces defeat an English fleet, under the command of John Hawkins, at the Battle of San Juan de Ulúa ne ...
– Shinbo Nomura, Japanese manga artist
* September 25
** Zucchero Fornaciari, Italian singer-songwriter
** Karl-Heinz Rummenigge, German football player
* September 27, Joice Erna, Indonesian Actress
* September 28 – Stéphane Dion, Canadian politician
* September 29
** Joe Donnelly, American politician
** Gwen Ifill, American journalist (d. 2016)
* September 30
** Janet Arceo, Mexican actress, TV presenter, announcer, director and businesswoman (Doña Eduviges in ''El Chavo del Ocho'')
** Andy Bechtolsheim, German electrical engineer and Co-founder of Sun Microsystems.
October
* October 1 – P. B. Abdul Razak, Indian politician (d. 2018)
* October 2
Events Pre-1600
* 829 – Theophilos succeeds his father Michael II as Byzantine Emperor.
* 939 – Battle of Andernach: Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, crushes a rebellion against his rule, by a coalition of Eberhard of Franconia and ...
– Philip Oakey, English synth-pop singer-songwriter (The Human League)
* October 3
Events Pre-1600
*2457 BC – Gaecheonjeol, Hwanung (환웅) purportedly descended from heaven. South Korea's National Foundation Day.
*52 BC – Gallic Wars: Vercingetorix, leader of the Gauls, surrenders to the Romans under Julius C ...
– Tommy Wiseau, American film director and actor, known for the 2003 "dark comedy" ''The Room''
* October 4
Events Pre-1600
*AD 23 – Rebels sack the Chinese capital Chang'an during a peasant rebellion.
* 1209 – Otto IV is crowned Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by Pope Innocent III.
*1302 – The Byzantine–Venetian War comes t ...
– Dane Sorensen, New Zealand rugby league player
* October 5
Events Pre-1600
* 610 – Heraclius arrives at Constantinople, kills Byzantine Emperor Phocas, and becomes emperor.
* 816 – King Louis the Pious is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by the Pope.
* 869 – The Fourth Co ...
** Bart D. Ehrman, American religious studies scholar and writer, specialist in textual criticism
** Jean-Jacques Lafon, French singer-songwriter
** Caroline Loeb, French singer and actress
* October 6 – Wang Huning, Chinese politician
* October 7 – Yo-Yo Ma, French-born Chinese American cellist
* October 8
** Bill Elliott, American racing driver
** Darrell Hammond, Comedian (''Saturday Night Live'')
* October 12 – Pat DiNizio, American singer-songwriter (The Smithereens) (d. 2017)
* October 13 – Sergei Shepelev, Russian ice hockey player
* October 15
** James B. Aguayo-Martel, Mexican-born physician, surgeon, scientist and inventor
** Kulbir Bhaura, Indian-born British field hockey player
** Emily Yoffe, American journalist and advice columnist
* October 17 – Tyrone Mitchell, American murderer (d. 1984)
* October 18
** Hiromi Go, Japanese singer
** Timmy Mallett, English television presenter
* October 19
** Lonnie Shelton, American basketball player (d. 2018)
** LaSalle Ishii, Japanese television personality
** Roland Dyens, French classical guitarist and composer (d. 2016)
** Dan Gutman, American writer
* October 20
** Tony Hanson, American basketball player (d. 2018)
** Thomas Newman, American composer
* October 21
** Yasukazu Hamada, Japanese politician
** Rich Mullins, American Christian musician (d. 1997
File:1997 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The movie set of ''Titanic (1997 film), Titanic'', the List of highest-grossing films, highest-grossing movie in history at the time; ''Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'', is published; ...
)
* October 24
** Karen Austin, American actress
** Katherine Knight, Australian mariticide
* October 25
** Glynis Barber, South African-born British actress
** Gale Anne Hurd, American film and television producer
* October 28
** Bill Gates, American businessman and co-founder of Microsoft
** Indra Nooyi, Indian business executive
* October 29
Events Pre-1600
* 312 – Constantine the Great enters Rome after his victory at the Battle of the Milvian Bridge, stages a grand '' adventus'' in the city, and is met with popular jubilation. Maxentius' body is fished out of the Tiber and ...
** Kevin DuBrow, American rock singer (d. 2007)
** Roger O'Donnell, English rock keyboardist
** Etsuko Shihomi, Japanese actress
November
* November 1
Events Pre-1600
*365 – The Alemanni cross the Rhine and invade Gaul. Emperor Valentinian I moves to Paris to command the army and defend the Gallic cities.
* 996 – Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freising, ...
– Joe Arroyo, Colombian salsa and tropical music singer (d. 2011)
* November 3
Events Pre-1600
* 361 – Emperor Constantius II dies of a fever at Mopsuestia in Cilicia; on his deathbed he is baptised and declares his cousin Julian rightful successor.
*1333 – The River Arno floods causing massive damage in Fl ...
** Howard Michaels, American businessman (d. 2018)
** Teresa De Sio, Italian singer-songwriter
** Phil Simms, American football player
** Yukihiko Tsutsumi, Japanese film director
* November 4
** Rita Bhaduri, Indian actress (d. 2018)
** Alhaj Moulana Ghousavi Shah, Moulana Ghousavi Shah, Sufi teacher and author, Secretary General of The Conference of World Religions
** Matti Vanhanen, Prime Minister of Finland
* November 5
** Pedro Brieger, Argentine journalist and sociologist.
** Kris Jenner, American television personality
** Karan Thapar, Indian journalist, political analyst and commentator
* November 6 – Maria Shriver, American television journalist, host; First Lady of California
* November 7
** Al Attles, American basketball player and coach
** Norbert Eder, German footballer (d. 2019)
** Paul Romer, American economist, Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences laureate
** Detlef Ultsch, German judo athlete
* November 9 – Karen Dotrice, Guernsey-born child actress
* November 10 – Roland Emmerich, German film director
* November 11 – Jigme Singye Wangchuck, King of Bhutan
* November 13 – Whoopi Goldberg, African-American actress and comedian
* November 14
** Koichi Nakano, Japanese bicycle racer
** Jack Sikma, American basketball player
* November 15
Events Pre-1600
* 655 – Battle of the Winwaed: Penda of Mercia is defeated by Oswiu of Northumbria.
*1315 – Growth of the Old Swiss Confederacy: The Schweizer Eidgenossenschaft ambushes the army of Leopold I in the Battle of Mor ...
– Idris Jusoh, Malaysian politician ; Former Chief Minister Of Terengganu
* November 16 – Guillermo Lasso, President of Ecuador, President-elect of Ecuador
* November 17
** Bill Macatee, American sports broadcaster
** Yolanda King, African-American actress and activist (d. 2007)
* November 19
Events Pre-1600
* 461 – Libius Severus is declared emperor of the Western Roman Empire. The real power is in the hands of the ''magister militum'' Ricimer.
* 636 – The Rashidun Caliphate defeats the Sasanian Empire at the Battl ...
– Dianne de Leeuw, Dutch figure skater
* November 20
Events Pre-1600
* 284 – Diocletian is chosen as Roman emperor.
* 762 – During the An Shi Rebellion, the Tang dynasty, with the help of Huihe tribe, recaptures Luoyang from the rebels.
*1194 – Palermo is conquered by Henr ...
– Ray Ozzie, American computer programmer
* November 21
** Kyle Gann, American composer and music critic
** Cedric Maxwell, American basketball player
* November 23
** Steven Brust, American fantasy author
** Peter Douglas, American television and film producer
** Ludovico Einaudi, Italian pianist and composer
** Mary Landrieu, American politician, U.S. Senator from Louisiana
* November 24
** Sir Ian Botham, English cricketer
** Najib Mikati, Lebanese politician, 2-Time Prime Minister of Lebanon
* November 25 – Bruno Tonioli, film, music video and theater choreographer
* November 26 –
**Tracy Hickman, American author
**Jelko Kacin, Slovenian politician, Member of the European Parliament
* November 27 – Bill Nye, American science presenter and public television host
* November 28 – Alessandro Altobelli, Italian football player
* November 29 – Howie Mandel, Canadian actor and game show host
* November 30
** Michael Beschloss, American historian
** Billy Idol, born William Broad, British rock musician
December
* December 3
** Melody Anderson, Canadian actress and social worker
** Steven Culp, American actor
** Warren Jeffs, American criminal
** Andrea Romano (voice director), Andrea Romano, American casting director, voice director, and voice actress
* December 4 – Maurizio Bianchi, Italian musician
* December 9 – Janusz Kupcewicz, Polish footballer (d. 2022)
* December 10 – Ana Gabriel, Mexican singer and songwriter
* December 12 – Gianna Angelopoulos-Daskalaki, Greek politician and businesswoman
* December 13 – Manohar Parrikar, Indian politician (d. 2019)
* December 14 – Hervé Guibert, French writer and photographer (d. 1991
File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the Ph ...
)
* December 16 – Xander Berkeley, American actor
* December 17 – Brad Davis (basketball), Brad Davis, American basketball player
* December 21 – Jane Kaczmarek, American actress
* December 23
** Keith Comstock, American baseball player
** Carol Ann Duffy, Scottish poet
** Stefan Arngrim, Canadian actor
* December 24
** Mizuho Fukushima, Japanese politician
** Clarence Gilyard, American actor and college professor
* December 27 – Barbara Olson, American television commentator (d. 2001)
* December 28 – Liu Xiaobo, Chinese literary critic and human rights activist, Nobel Peace Prize laureate (d. 2017)
* December 31 – Jim Tracy (baseball), Jim Tracy, American baseball player and manager
Deaths
January
* January 1 – Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar, Indian scientist (b. 1894) * January 2 – José Antonio Remón Cantera, 19th President of Panama (assassinated) (b. 1908) * January 6 – Yevgeny Tarle, Soviet historian (b. 1874) * January 11 – Rodolfo Graziani, Italian general (b. 1882) * January 15 ** Johannes Baader, German artist (b. 1875) ** Yves Tanguy, French painter (b. 1900) * January 21 – Archie Hahn, American athlete (b. 1880) * January 22 – Jonni Myyrä, Finnish-American athlete (b. 1892) * January 24 – Ira Hayes, U.S. Marine flag raiser on Iwo Jima (b. 1923) * January 29 – Hans Hedtoft, 14th Prime Minister of Denmark (b. 1903) * January 31 – John Mott, American YMCA leader, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1865)February
* February 3 - Vasily Blokhin, Soviet executioner (b. 1895)
* February 6 – Constantin Argetoianu, 41st Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1871)
* February 10 – Mokichi Okada, Japanese religious leader (b. 1882)
* February 11 – Ona Munson, American actress (b. 1903)
* February 12
** Tom Moore (actor), Tom Moore, Irish-American film actor (b. 1883)
** S. Z. Sakall, Hungarian actor (b. 1883)
* February 20 – Oswald Avery, American physician and medical researcher (b. 1877)
* February 23 – Paul Claudel, French poet, dramatist, and diplomat (b. 1868)
* February 27 – Trixie Friganza, American actress (b. 1870)
March
* March 3 – Katharine Drexel, American Roman Catholic foundress and saint (b. 1858)
* March 8 – William C. deMille, American screenwriter and director (b. 1878)
* March 9
** Miroslava Stern, Czechoslovakian-Mexican actress (b. 1926)
** Matthew Henson, American explorer (b. 1866)
* March 11 – Sir Alexander Fleming, Scottish scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1881)
* March 12 – Charlie Parker, American saxophonist (b. 1920)
* March 16 – Nicolas de Staël, Russian painter (b. 1914)
* March 19
Events Pre-1600
* 1277 – The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1277 is concluded, stipulating a two-year truce and renewing Venetian commercial privileges in the Byzantine Empire.
* 1279 – A Mongol victory at the Battle of Yamen end ...
– Mihály Károlyi, 1st President of Hungary and 20th Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1875)
* March 23 – Arthur Bernardes, 12th President of Brazil (b. 1875)
* March 24 – John W. Davis, American politician, diplomat, and lawyer (b. 1873)
April
* April 5
Events Pre-1600
* 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I.
* 919 – The second Fatimid invasion of Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, sets out from Raqqada at the head of his ...
– Tibor Szele, Hungarian mathematician (b. 1918)
* April 7 – Theda Bara, American film actress (b. 1885)
* April 10
Events Pre-1600
* 428 – Nestorius becomes the Patriarch of Constantinople.
* 837 – Halley's Comet makes its closest approach to Earth at a distance equal to 0.0342 AU (5.1 million kilometres/3.2 million miles).
* 1407 ...
– Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, French Jesuit priest, philosopher, paleontologist and geologist (b. 1881)
* April 13 – Peyton C. March, United States Army general (b. 1864)
* April 18
Events Pre-1600
* 796 – King Æthelred I of Northumbria is murdered in Corbridge by a group led by his ealdormen, Ealdred and Wada. The ''patrician'' Osbald is crowned, but abdicates within 27 days.
*1428 – Peace of Ferrara bet ...
– Albert Einstein, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1879)
* April 19 – Jim Corbett, Anglo-Indian hunter, conservationist and author (b. 1875)
* April 24 – Alfred Polgar, Austrian-born journalist (b. 1873)
* April 25 – Constance Collier, English actress and acting coach (b. 1878)
* April 30 – John Henry Towers, American admiral and naval aviation pioneer (b. 1885)
May
* May 2 – Alexander Hore-Ruthven, 1st Earl of Gowrie, 10th Governor-General of Australia (b. 1872)
* May 4
** Louis Charles Breguet, French aircraft designer and builder and early aviation pioneer (b. 1880)
** George Enescu, Romanian composer (b. 1881)
* May 10
** Tommy Burns (Canadian boxer), Tommy Burns, Canadian boxer (b. 1881)
** John Radecki, Australian stained-glass artist (b. 1865)
* May 11
Events 1601–1900
*1812 – Prime Minister Spencer Perceval is assassinated by John Bellingham in the lobby of the British House of Commons.
* 1813 – William Lawson, Gregory Blaxland and William Wentworth discover a route across ...
– Gilbert Jessop, English cricketer (b. 1874)
* May 14 – Charles Pelot Summerall, American general (b. 1867)
* May 16 – James Agee, American writer (b. 1909)
* May 17 – Owen Roberts, American jurist (b. 1875)
* May 18 – Mary McLeod Bethune, American educator (b. 1875)
* May 19 – Concha Espina, Spanish writer (b. 1869)
* May 26 – Alberto Ascari, Italian race-car driver (accident) (b. 1918)
* May 29 – Rudolf Klein-Rogge, German actor (b. 1885)
* May 30 – Bill Vukovich, American race-car driver (accident) (b. 1918)
June
* June 3 – Barbara Graham, American criminal (executed) (b. 1923)
* June 10 – Margaret Abbott, American golfer (b. 1878)
* June 11
Events Pre-1600
* 173 – Marcomannic Wars: The Roman army in Moravia is encircled by the Quadi, who have broken the peace treaty (171). In a violent thunderstorm emperor Marcus Aurelius defeats and subdues them in the so-called "miracle ...
– Walter Hampden, American actor (b. 1879)
* June 12 – Redcliffe N. Salaman, British botanist (b. 1874)
*June 13
Events Pre-1600
* 313 – The decisions of the Edict of Milan, signed by Constantine the Great and co-emperor Valerius Licinius, granting religious freedom throughout the Roman Empire, are published in Nicomedia.
*1325 – Ibn Battu ...
- Walter Braemer, German Nazi war criminal (b. 1883)
* June 17 – Carlyle Blackwell, American actor (b. 1884)
* June 26 – Engelbert Zaschka, German helicopter pioneer (b. 1895)
* June 29 – Max Pechstein, German painter (b. 1881)
July
* July 9 – Adolfo de la Huerta, 38th President of Mexico (b. 1881)
* July 13
Events Pre-1600
* 1174 – William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173–74, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England.
*1249 – Coronation of Alexander III as King of Scots.
*1260 – The Livoni ...
** Ruth Ellis, British-born murderer, last woman to be executed in the United Kingdom (b. 1926)
** Stanley Price, American film and television actor (b. 1892)
* July 20 – Calouste Gulbenkian, Armenian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1869)
* July 23 – Cordell Hull, United States Secretary of State, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1871)
* July 25 – Isaak Dunayevsky, Soviet film composer and conductor (b. 1900)
* July 31 – Robert Francis (actor), Robert Francis, American actor (b. 1930)
August
* August 1
Events Pre-1600
*30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic.
*AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under ...
– William Hamilton (athlete), William Hamilton, American Olympic athlete (b. 1883)
* August 2
** Rupprecht, Crown Prince of Bavaria, Bavarian military leader and last Bavarian crown prince (b. 1869)
** Wallace Stevens, American poet (b. 1879)
* August 5 – Carmen Miranda, Portuguese-born Brazilian singer and actress (b. 1909)
* August 11 – Frank Seiberling, American inventor, co-founder of Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company (b. 1859)
* August 12
** Thomas Mann, German novelist, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1875)
** James B. Sumner, American chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1887)
* August 13 – Florence Easton, English opera soprano (b. 1882)
* August 17 – Fernand Léger, French painter and sculptor (b. 1881)
* August 28
Events Pre-1600
* 475 – The Roman general Orestes forces western Roman Emperor Julius Nepos to flee his capital city, Ravenna.
* 489 – Theodoric, king of the Ostrogoths, defeats Odoacer at the Battle of Isonzo, forcing his way ...
– Emmett Till
Emmett Louis Till (July 25, 1941August 28, 1955) was a 14-year-old African Americans, African American boy who was abducted, tortured, and Lynching in the United States, lynched in Mississippi in 1955, after being accused of offending a whi ...
, American murder victim (b. 1941
Events
Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix.
January
* January–August – 10,072 men, women and children with mental and physical disabilities are asphyxiated with carbon monoxide in a gas chamber, at Hadamar E ...
)
September
* September 20 – Robert Riskin, American screenwriter (b. 1897)
* September 23 – Martha Norelius, American Olympic swimmer (b. 1908)
* September 30
** Michael Chekhov, Russian actor, theatre director, and writer (b. 1891)
** James Dean
James Byron Dean (February 8, 1931September 30, 1955) was an American actor. He is remembered as a cultural icon of teenage disillusionment and social estrangement, as expressed in the title of his most celebrated film, '' Rebel Without a Caus ...
, American actor (b. 1931)
October
* October 4
Events Pre-1600
*AD 23 – Rebels sack the Chinese capital Chang'an during a peasant rebellion.
* 1209 – Otto IV is crowned Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by Pope Innocent III.
*1302 – The Byzantine–Venetian War comes t ...
– Alexander Papagos, Greek Field Marshal (b. 1883)
* October 7 – Rodolphe Seeldrayers, German journalist and administrator, 4th President of FIFA (b. 1876)
* October 9
** Theodor Innitzer, Cardinal Archbishop of Vienna (b. 1875)
** Alice Joyce, American actress (b. 1890)
* October 13
** Manuel Ávila Camacho, 45th President of Mexico (b. 1897)
** Alexandrina Maria da Costa, Portuguese Roman Catholic mystic, victim soul and blessed (b. 1904)
* October 17 – Dimitrios Maximos, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1873)
* October 18 – José Ortega y Gasset, Spanish philosopher (b. 1883)
* October 19 – John Hodiak, American actor (b. 1914)
* October 25 – Sadako Sasaki, Japanese leukemia, atomic bomb sickness victim (b. 1943)
* October 27
Events Pre-1600
* 312 – Constantine is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross.
* 1275 – Traditional founding of the city of Amsterdam.
* 1524 – French troops lay siege to Pavia.
* 1553 – Condemned as a ...
– Juan de Dios Martínez, 23rd President of Ecuador (b. 1875)
November
* November 1
Events Pre-1600
*365 – The Alemanni cross the Rhine and invade Gaul. Emperor Valentinian I moves to Paris to command the army and defend the Gallic cities.
* 996 – Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freising, ...
– Dale Carnegie, American writer and lecturer (b. 1888)
* November 4
** David Julius, American physiologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate (b.1903)
** Cy Young, American baseball player (Cleveland Spiders) and member of the MLB Hall of Fame (b. 1867)
* November 5 – Maurice Utrillo, French artist (b. 1883)
* November 6 – Edwin Barclay, 18th president of Liberia (b. 1882)
* November 7 – Tom Powers, American actor (b. 1890)
* November 12 – Alfréd Hajós, Hungarian swimmer and architect (b. 1878)
* November 14 – Robert E. Sherwood, American playwright (b. 1896)
* November 15
Events Pre-1600
* 655 – Battle of the Winwaed: Penda of Mercia is defeated by Oswiu of Northumbria.
*1315 – Growth of the Old Swiss Confederacy: The Schweizer Eidgenossenschaft ambushes the army of Leopold I in the Battle of Mor ...
– Lloyd Bacon, American actor and director (b. 1889)
* November 17
** James P. Johnson, American pianist and composer (b. 1894)
** Helmuth Weidling, German general (b. 1891)
* November 22 – Shemp Howard, American actor and comedian (The Three Stooges) (b. 1895)
* November 27 – Arthur Honegger, French-born Swiss composer (b. 1892)
December
* December 5 – Jirō Minami, Japanese general and Governor-General of Korea (1936-1942) (b. 1874)
* December 6 – Honus Wagner, American baseball player (Pittsburgh Pirates) and a member of the MLB Hall of Fame (b. 1874)
* December 8 – Hermann Weyl, German mathematician, theoretical physicist and philosopher (b. 1885)
* December 13 – António Egas Moniz, Portuguese neurologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1874)
* December 15 – Otto Braun, German politician, former Minister President of the Free State of Prussia (b. 1872)
* December 18 – Anna Murray Vail, American botanist (b. 1863)
* December 21 – Garegin Nzhdeh, Armenian statesman (b. 1886)
* December 24 – Nana Bryant, American actress (b. 1888)
Nobel Prizes
* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Willis Eugene Lamb and Polykarp Kusch * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Vincent du Vigneaud * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine – Axel Hugo Theodor Theorell * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Halldór Laxness, Halldór Kiljan Laxness * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – not awardedReferences
{{DEFAULTSORT:1955 1955,