Events

January

* January 15 – The Moon moves into its nearest point to Earth, called perigee, at the same time as its fullest phase of the Lunar Cycle. This is the closest moon distance at in recent history, and the next one will be on January 1, 2257, at . * January 26 – The

Indian National Congress The Indian National Congress (INC), colloquially the Congress Party but often simply the Congress, is a political party in India with widespread roots. Founded in 1885, it was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British ...

declares this date as Independence Day, or as the day for Poorna Swaraj (Complete Independence). * January 28 – The first patent for a field-effect transistor is granted in the United States, to Julius Edgar Lilienfeld. * January 30 –

Pavel Molchanov Pavel Alexandrovich Molchanov (russian: Павел Александрович Молчанов) ( in Volosovo, Russian Empire – October 1941 in Leningrad, Russian SFSR) was a Soviet Russian meteorologist and the inventor of the first Russian ...

launches a radiosonde from

Slutsk Slutsk ( officially transliterated as Sluck, be, Слуцк; russian: Слуцк; pl, Słuck, lt, Sluckas, Yiddish/Hebrew: סלוצק ''Slutsk'') is a city in Belarus, located on the Sluch River south of Minsk. As of 2022, its population is ...

in the Soviet Union.

February

* February 10 – The Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng launch the

Yên Bái mutiny The Yên Bái mutiny ( vi, Tổng khởi-nghĩa Yên-báy, "Yên Bái general uprising") was an uprising of Vietnamese soldiers in the French colonial army on 10 February 1930 in collaboration with civilian supporters who were members of the Vi� ...

in the hope of ending

French colonial rule The French colonial empire () comprised the overseas colonies, protectorates and mandate territories that came under French rule from the 16th century onward. A distinction is generally made between the "First French Colonial Empire", that exist ...

in Vietnam. * February 18 – While studying photographs taken in January,

Clyde Tombaugh Clyde William Tombaugh (February 4, 1906 January 17, 1997) was an American astronomer. He discovered Pluto in 1930, the first object to be discovered in what would later be identified as the Kuiper belt. At the time of discovery, Pluto was cons ...

confirms the existence of

Pluto Pluto (minor-planet designation: 134340 Pluto) is a dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt, a ring of bodies beyond the orbit of Neptune. It is the ninth-largest and tenth-most-massive known object to directly orbit the Sun. It is the largest k ...

, a celestial body considered a planet until redefined as a dwarf planet in 2006.

March

March 2 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his '' bucellarii'' are almost cut ...

** Mahatma Gandhi informs the British Viceroy of India that

civil disobedience Civil disobedience is the active, professed refusal of a citizen to obey certain laws, demands, orders or commands of a government (or any other authority). By some definitions, civil disobedience has to be nonviolent to be called "civil". Henc ...

will begin the following week. ** André Tardieu begins his second term as Prime Minister of France. *

March 6 Events Pre-1600 * 12 BCE – The Roman emperor Augustus is named Pontifex Maximus, incorporating the position into that of the emperor. * 632 – The Farewell Sermon (Khutbah, Khutbatul Wada') of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. * 845 ...

International Unemployment Day International Unemployment Day (March 6, 1930) was a coordinated international campaign of marches and Demonstration (people), demonstrations, marked by hundreds of thousands of people in major cities around the world taking to the streets to pro ...

is observed in countries throughout the world. ** The first frozen foods of

Clarence Birdseye Clarence Birdseye (December 9, 1886 – October 7, 1956) was an American inventor, entrepreneur, and naturalist, considered the founder of the modern frozen food industry. He founded the frozen food company Birds Eye. Among his inventions during h ...

go on sale in Springfield, Massachusetts. * March 12 – Mahatma Gandhi sets off on a 200-mile protest march towards the sea with 78 followers, to protest against the British monopoly on salt; more will join them during the

Salt March The Salt March, also known as the Salt Satyagraha, Dandi March and the Dandi Satyagraha, was an act of nonviolent civil disobedience in colonial India led by Mahatma Gandhi. The twenty-four day march lasted from 12 March to 6 April 1930 as a d ...

that ends on

April 5 Events Pre-1600 * 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I. * 919 – The second Fatimid invasion of Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, sets out from Raqqada at the head of his ...

. * March 28 – The government of Turkey requests the international community to adopt Istanbul and

Ankara Ankara ( , ; ), historically known as Ancyra and Angora, is the capital of Turkey. Located in the central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5.1 million in its urban center and over 5.7 million in Ankara Province, mak ...

, as the official names for Constantinople and Angora. The U.S. State Department adopts the "Istanbul" form in May. *

March 29 Events Pre-1600 * 845 – Paris is sacked by Viking raiders, probably under Ragnar Lodbrok, who collects a huge ransom in exchange for leaving. *1430 – The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures Thessalonica from the Republic of V ...

–

Heinrich Brüning Heinrich Aloysius Maria Elisabeth Brüning (; 26 November 1885 – 30 March 1970) was a German Centre Party politician and academic, who served as the chancellor of Germany during the Weimar Republic from 1930 to 1932. A political scientis ...

is appointed Chancellor of Germany. *

March 31 Events Pre-1600 * 307 – After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, daughter of the retired Roman emperor Maximian. * 1146 – Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at Vézelay, urging the ...

– The

Motion Picture Production Code The Motion Picture Production Code was a set of industry guidelines for the self-censorship of content that was applied to most motion pictures released by major studios in the United States from 1934 to 1968. It is also popularly known as the ...

("Hays Code") is instituted in the United States, imposing strict guidelines on the treatment of sex, crime, religion and violence in films for the next 40 years.

April

April 6 Events Pre–1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato (Cato the Younger) at the Battle of Thapsus. * 402 – Stilicho defeats the Visigoths under Alaric in the Battle of Pollentia. *132 ...

** In an act of

, Mahatma Gandhi breaks the salt laws of British India by making salt by the sea at the end of the

. ** The International Left Opposition (ILO) is founded in Paris, France. * April 17 –

Neoprene Neoprene (also polychloroprene) is a family of synthetic rubbers that are produced by polymerization of chloroprene.Werner Obrecht, Jean-Pierre Lambert, Michael Happ, Christiane Oppenheimer-Stix, John Dunn and Ralf Krüger "Rubber, 4. Emulsion Ru ...

is invented by DuPont. * April 18 ** The Chittagong Rebellion begins in India, with the

Chittagong armoury raid The Chittagong armoury raid, also known as the Chittagong uprising, was an attempt on 18 April 1930 to raid the armoury of police and auxiliary forces from the Chittagong armoury in the Bengal Presidency of British India (now in Bangladesh) b ...

. **

BBC Radio BBC Radio is an operational business division and service of the British Broadcasting Corporation (which has operated in the United Kingdom under the terms of a royal charter since 1927). The service provides national radio stations covering ...

from London uniquely reports "Good evening. Today is Good Friday. There is no news." *

April 21 Events Pre-1600 * 753 BC – Romulus founds Rome ( traditional date). *43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is murdered ...

** A fire in the

Ohio Penitentiary The Ohio Penitentiary, also known as the Ohio State Penitentiary, was a prison operated from 1834 to 1984 in downtown Columbus, Ohio, in what is now known as the Arena District. The state had built a small prison in Columbus in 1813, but as the ...

Columbus Columbus is a Latinized version of the Italian surname "''Colombo''". It most commonly refers to: * Christopher Columbus (1451-1506), the Italian explorer * Columbus, Ohio, capital of the U.S. state of Ohio Columbus may also refer to: Places ...

, United States kills 320 people. ** The

Turkestan–Siberia Railway The Turkestan–Siberian Railway (commonly abbreviated as the ''Turk–Sib'', kk, Түрксіб, translit=Türksib, , ; russian: Турксиб, translit=Turksib) is a broad gauge railway that connects Central Asia with Siberia. It starts no ...

is completed. *

April 22 Events Pre-1600 *1500 – Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral lands in Brazil. *1519 – Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés establishes a settlement at Veracruz, Mexico. *1529 – Treaty of Zaragoza divides the eastern hem ...

– The United Kingdom, Japan and the United States sign the London Naval Treaty to regulate submarine warfare and limit naval shipbuilding.

May

* May 5 – Mahatma Gandhi is re-arrested. *

May 6 Events Pre-1600 *1527 – Spanish and German troops sack Rome; many scholars consider this the end of the Renaissance. *1536 – The Siege of Cuzco commences, in which Incan forces attempt to retake the city of Cuzco from the Spani ...

– The 7.1 Salmas earthquake shakes northwestern Iran and southeastern Turkey, with a maximum

Mercalli intensity The Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MM, MMI, or MCS), developed from Giuseppe Mercalli's Mercalli intensity scale of 1902, is a seismic intensity scale used for measuring the intensity of shaking produced by an earthquake. It measures the eff ...

of IX (''Violent''); up to 3,000 people are killed. *

May 10 Events Pre-1600 * 28 BC – A sunspot is observed by Han dynasty astronomers during the reign of Emperor Cheng of Han, one of the earliest dated sunspot observations in China. *1291 – Scottish nobles recognize the authority of Edw ...

– The

National Pan-Hellenic Council The National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC) is a collaborative umbrella council composed of historically African American fraternities and sororities also referred to as Black Greek Letter Organizations (BGLOs). The NPHC was formed as a permanent ...

is founded in

Washington, D.C. ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, Na ...

* May 15 – Nurse

Ellen Church Ellen Church (September 22, 1904 – August 22, 1965) was the first female flight attendant. A trained nurse and pilot, Church wanted to pilot commercial aircraft, but those jobs were not open to women. Still wanting to fly, Church successfu ...

becomes the world's first flight attendant, working on a

Boeing Air Transport United Airlines is the third largest airline in the world, with 86,852 employees (which includes the entire holding company United Airlines Holdings) and 721 aircraft. It was the brainchild of William Boeing and emerged from his consolidation of nu ...

trimotor. *

May 16 Events Pre-1600 * 946 – Emperor Suzaku abdicates the throne in favor of his brother Murakami who becomes the 62nd emperor of Japan. * 1204 – Baldwin IX, Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. * 13 ...

–

Rafael Leónidas Trujillo Rafael Leónidas Trujillo Molina ( , ; 24 October 189130 May 1961), nicknamed ''El Jefe'' (, "The Chief" or "The Boss"), was a Dominican dictator who ruled the Dominican Republic from February 1930 until his assassination in May 1961. He ser ...

is elected president of the Dominican Republic. * May 17 – French Prime Minister André Tardieu decides to withdraw the remaining French troops from the Rhineland (they depart by June 30). * May 24 –

Amy Johnson Amy Johnson (born 1 July 1903 – disappeared 5 January 1941) was a pioneering English pilot who was the first woman to fly solo from London to Australia. Flying solo or with her husband, Jim Mollison, she set many long-distance records du ...

lands in Darwin, Australia, becoming the first woman to fly solo from England to Australia (she left on May 5 for the 11,000 mile flight). *

May 30 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus and his Roman legions breach the Second Wall of Jerusalem. Jewish defenders retreat to the First Wall. The Romans build a circumvallation, cutting down all trees within fifteen kilometre ...

–

Canadian Canadians (french: Canadiens) are people identified with the country of Canada. This connection may be residential, legal, historical or cultural. For most Canadians, many (or all) of these connections exist and are collectively the source o ...

adventurer William "Red" Hill, Sr. makes a five-hour journey, down the Niagara Gorge rapids.

June

June 7 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Emperor Theodosius II marries Aelia Eudocia at Constantinople (Byzantine Empire). * 879 – Pope John VIII recognizes the Duchy of Croatia under Duke Branimir as an independent state. *1002 – Henry II ...

–

Carl Gustaf Ekman Carl Gustaf Ekman (6 October 1872 – 15 June 1945) was a Swedish politician. He was a Member of Parliament from 1911 to 1932 (serving in both lower and upper houses), leader of the Freeminded People's Party between 1924 and 1932, and served as ...

becomes Prime Minister of Sweden, for the second and final time. *

June 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1158 – The city of Munich is founded by Henry the Lion on the banks of the river Isar. * 1216 – First Barons' War: Prince Louis of France takes the city of Winchester, abandoned by John, King of England, and soon ...

– The

Bureau of Narcotics The Federal Bureau of Narcotics (FBN) was an agency of the United States Department of the Treasury, established in the Department of the Treasury by an act of June 14, 1930, consolidating the functions of the Federal Narcotics Control Board a ...

is established under the United States Department of the Treasury, replacing the Narcotics Division of the Prohibition Unit. * June 17 –

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...

Herbert Hoover signs the

Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act The Tariff Act of 1930 (codified at ), commonly known as the Smoot–Hawley Tariff or Hawley–Smoot Tariff, was a law that implemented protectionist trade policies in the United States. Sponsored by Senator Reed Smoot and Representative Willi ...

into law, implementing protectionist trade policies in the United States.

July

July 4 Events Pre-1600 *362 BC – Battle of Mantinea: The Thebans, led by Epaminondas, defeated the Spartans. * 414 – Emperor Theodosius II, age 13, yields power to his older sister Aelia Pulcheria, who reigned as regent and proclaimed ...

– The dedication of

George Washington George Washington (February 22, 1732, 1799) was an American military officer, statesman, and Founding Father who served as the first president of the United States from 1789 to 1797. Appointed by the Continental Congress as commander of th ...

's sculpted head is held at

Mount Rushmore Mount Rushmore National Memorial is a national memorial centered on a colossal sculpture carved into the granite face of Mount Rushmore ( Lakota: ''Tȟuŋkášila Šákpe'', or Six Grandfathers) in the Black Hills near Keystone, South Dako ...

, South Dakota. * July 5 – The Seventh Lambeth Conference of Anglican bishops opens. This conference approves the use of

birth control Birth control, also known as contraception, anticonception, and fertility control, is the use of methods or devices to prevent unwanted pregnancy. Birth control has been used since ancient times, but effective and safe methods of birth contr ...

in limited circumstances, a move away from the

Christian views on contraception Prior to the 20th century, three major branches of Christianity—Catholicism, Orthodoxy and Protestantism—including leading Protestant reformers Martin Luther and John Calvin generally held a critical perspective of birth control (also known as ...

expressed by the Sixth Conference a decade earlier. *

July 7 Events Pre-1600 *1124 – The city of Tyre falls to the Venetian Crusade after a siege of nineteen weeks. *1456 – A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her execution. * 1520 – Spanish ''conquistado ...

** The Lapua Movement marches in Helsinki, Finland. ** Building of the Boulder Dam (later known as the Hoover Dam) is started on the

Colorado River The Colorado River ( es, Río Colorado) is one of the principal rivers (along with the Rio Grande) in the Southwestern United States and northern Mexico. The river drains an expansive, arid watershed that encompasses parts of seven U.S. sta ...

, in the United States. *

July 11 Events Pre-1600 * 472 – After being besieged in Rome by his own generals, Western Roman Emperor Anthemius is captured in St. Peter's Basilica and put to death. * 813 – Byzantine emperor Michael I, under threat by conspiracies, abdi ...

– Australian

cricket Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players on a field at the centre of which is a pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two bails balanced on three stumps. The batting side scores runs by striki ...

er Donald Bradman scores a world record 309 runs in one day, on his way to the highest individual Test innings of 334, during a Test match against England. *

July 13 Events Pre-1600 * 1174 – William I of Scotland, a key rebel in the Revolt of 1173–74, is captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England. *1249 – Coronation of Alexander III as King of Scots. *1260 – The Livoni ...

– The first FIFA World Cup starts: Lucien Laurent scores the first goal, for France against Mexico. *

July 19 Events Pre-1600 *AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city. * 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is r ...

– Georges Simenon's detective character Inspector

Jules Maigret Jules Maigret (), or simply Maigret, is a fictional French police detective, a '' commissaire'' ("commissioner") of the Paris ''Brigade Criminelle'' ('' Direction Régionale de la Police Judiciaire de Paris:36, Quai des Orfèvres''), created b ...

makes his first appearance in print under Simenon's own name, when the novel ''Pietr-le-Letton'' (known in English as ''

The Strange Case of Peter the Lett ''The Strange Case of Peter the Lett'' (french: Pietr-le-Letton) is a 1931 detective novel by the Belgian writer Georges Simenon. It is the first novel to feature Inspector Jules Maigret who would later appear in more than a hundred stories by S ...

'') begins serialization in a French weekly magazine. Simenon will eventually write 75 novels (as well as 28 short stories) featuring the pipe-smoking Paris detective. * July 25 –

Laurence Olivier Laurence Kerr Olivier, Baron Olivier (; 22 May 1907 – 11 July 1989) was an English actor and director who, along with his contemporaries Ralph Richardson and John Gielgud, was one of a trio of male actors who dominated the British stage ...

marries actress

Jill Esmond Jill Esmond (born Jill Esmond Moore; 26 January 1908 – 28 July 1990) was an English stage and screen actress. She was the first wife of Laurence Olivier. Early life Esmond was born in London, the daughter of stage actors Henry V. Esmond and ...

. *

July 28 Events Pre-1600 * 1364 – Troops of the Republic of Pisa and the Republic of Florence clash in the Battle of Cascina. * 1540 – Henry VIII of England marries his fifth wife, Catherine Howard, on the same day his former Chancellor, ...

–

R. B. Bennett Richard Bedford Bennett, 1st Viscount Bennett, (July 3, 1870 – June 26, 1947), was a Canadian lawyer, businessman, philanthropist, and politician who served as the 11th prime minister of Canada from 1930 to 1935. Bennett was born in ...

defeats William Lyon Mackenzie King in federal elections, and becomes the Prime Minister of Canada. *

July 29 Events Pre-1600 *587 BC – The Neo-Babylonian Empire sacks Jerusalem and destroys the First Temple. * 615 – Pakal ascends the throne of Palenque at the age of 12. * 904 – Sack of Thessalonica: Saracen raiders under Leo o ...

– British

airship An airship or dirigible balloon is a type of aerostat or lighter-than-air aircraft that can navigate through the air under its own power. Aerostats gain their lift from a lifting gas that is less dense than the surrounding air. In early ...

'' R100'' sets out for a successful 78-hour passage to Canada. *

July 30 Events Pre-1600 * 762 – Baghdad is founded. *1419 – First Defenestration of Prague: A crowd of radical Hussites kill seven members of the Prague city council. *1502 – Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Island ...

** Uruguay beats

Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...

4–2, to win the first Association football FIFA World Cup final at Estadio Centenario, in Montevideo. ** New York station

W2XBS WNBC (channel 4) is a television station in New York City, serving as the flagship of the NBC network. It is owned and operated by the network's NBC Owned Television Stations division alongside Linden, New Jersey–licensed Telemundo station WN ...

is put in charge of

NBC The National Broadcasting Company (NBC) is an American English-language commercial broadcast television and radio network. The flagship property of the NBC Entertainment division of NBCUniversal, a division of Comcast, its headquarters are ...

broadcast engineers. *

July 31 Events Pre-1600 *30 BC – Battle of Alexandria: Mark Antony achieves a minor victory over Octavian's forces, but most of his army subsequently deserts, leading to his suicide. * 781 – The oldest recorded eruption of Mount Fuji (Tra ...

– The radio drama ''

The Shadow The Shadow is a fictional character created by magazine publishers Street & Smith and writer Walter B. Gibson. Originally created to be a mysterious radio show narrator, and developed into a distinct literary character in 1931 by writer Walter ...

'' airs for the first time in the United States. * July – The

First Eastern Women's Congress First Eastern Women's Congress, also known as First General Congress of Oriental Women and First Oriental Women's Congress was an international women's conference which took place in Damascus in Syria between 3 July and 10 July 1930. The conference ...

takes place in Damascus in Syria. Picture of Florbela Espanca

August

August August is the eighth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars, and the fifth of seven months to have a length of 31 days. Its zodiac sign is Leo and was originally named ''Sextilis'' in Latin because it was the 6th month in ...

– The

volcanic island Geologically, a high island or volcanic island is an island of volcanic origin. The term can be used to distinguish such islands from low islands, which are formed from sedimentation or the uplifting of coral reefs (which have often formed ...

Anak Krakatau Anak Krakatoa ( id, Anak Krakatau)English translation and common name: ''Child of Krakatoa'' is a volcanic island in Indonesia. On 29 December 1927, Anak Krakatoa first emerged from the caldera formed in 1883 by the explosive volcanic eruption ...

begins to form permanently in the

Sunda Strait The Sunda Strait ( id, Selat Sunda) is the strait between the Indonesian islands of Java and Sumatra. It connects the Java Sea with the Indian Ocean. Etymology The strait takes its name from the Sunda Kingdom, which ruled the western portion of ...

. *

August 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1284 – The Republic of Pisa is defeated in the Battle of Meloria by the Republic of Genoa, thus losing its naval dominance in the Mediterranean. *1538 – Bogotá, Colombia, is founded by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada ...

– Judge

Joseph Force Crater Joseph Force Crater (January 5, 1889 – disappeared August 6, 1930; declared legally dead June 6, 1939) was a New York State Supreme Court Justice who mysteriously vanished amid a political scandal. He was last seen leaving a restaurant on West ...

disappears in New York City. *

August 7 Events Pre-1600 * 461 – Roman Emperor Majorian is beheaded near the river Iria in north-west Italy following his arrest and deposition by the ''magister militum'' Ricimer. * 626 – The Avar and Slav armies leave the siege of Co ...

takes office as the eleventh Prime Minister of Canada. ** Lynching of Thomas Shipp and Abram Smith in Marion, Indiana;

James Cameron James Francis Cameron (born August 16, 1954) is a Canadian filmmaker. A major figure in the post-New Hollywood era, he is considered one of the industry's most innovative filmmakers, regularly pushing the boundaries of cinematic capability w ...

survives. This will be the last recorded lynching of

African American African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of enslav ...

s in the

Northern United States The Northern United States, commonly referred to as the American North, the Northern States, or simply the North, is a geographical or historical region of the United States. History Early history Before the 19th century westward expansion, the " ...

. *

August 9 Events Pre-1600 *48 BC – Caesar's Civil War: Battle of Pharsalus: Julius Caesar decisively defeats Pompey at Pharsalus and Pompey flees to Egypt. * 378 – Gothic War: Battle of Adrianople: A large Roman army led by Emperor Valens ...

– Cartoon character

Betty Boop Betty Boop is an animated cartoon character created by Max Fleischer, with help from animators including Grim Natwick.Pointer (2017) She originally appeared in the '' Talkartoon'' and ''Betty Boop'' film series, which were produced by Fleisch ...

appears for the first time on screen, in the

animated film Animation is a method by which still figures are manipulated to appear as moving images. In traditional animation, images are drawn or painted by hand on transparent celluloid sheets to be photographed and exhibited on film. Today, most anim ...

Dizzy Dishes ''Dizzy Dishes'' is an animated cartoon created by Fleischer Studios in 1930, as part of the '' Talkartoon'' series. It is noted for being the first cartoon in which Betty Boop appears. Plot The cartoon begins with four anthropomorphic flapper c ...

''. *

August 12 Events Pre-1600 *1099 – First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid forces led by Al-Afdal Shahanshah. This is considered the last engagement of the First Crusade. *1121 – Ba ...

– Turkish troops move into Persia, to fight Kurdish insurgents. *

August 16 Events Pre-1600 * 1 BC – Wang Mang consolidates his power in China and is declared marshal of state. Emperor Ai of Han, who died the previous day, had no heirs. * 942 – Start of the four-day Battle of al-Mada'in, between the Hamda ...

– The first British Empire Games open in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. *

August 27 Events Pre-1600 * 410 – The sacking of Rome by the Visigoths ends after three days. *1172 – Henry the Young King and Margaret of France are crowned junior king and queen of England. *1232 – Shikken Hojo Yasutoki of the Kam ...

– A military junta takes over in Peru.

September

* September 3 – A huge hurricane in the Caribbean demolishes most of the city of Santo Domingo, in the Dominican Republic. *

September 6 Events Pre-1600 * 394 – Battle of the Frigidus: Roman emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills Eugenius the usurper. His Frankish ''magister militum'' Arbogast escapes but commits suicide two days later. *1492 – Christopher Colu ...

–

1930 Argentine coup d'état The 1930 Argentine coup d'état, also known as the September Revolution by its supporters, involved the overthrow of the Argentine government of Hipólito Yrigoyen by forces loyal to General José Félix Uriburu. The coup took place on 6 Septemb ...

: José Félix Uriburu carries out a military coup, overthrowing Hipólito Yrigoyen, President of

. *

September 8 Events Pre-1600 * 617 – Battle of Huoyi: Li Yuan defeats a Sui dynasty army, opening the path to his capture of the imperial capital Chang'an and the eventual establishment of the Tang dynasty. *1100 – Election of Antipope The ...

– Scotch Tape, invented by

Richard Gurley Drew Richard Gurley Drew (June 22, 1899 – December 14, 1980) was an American inventor who worked for Johnson and Johnson, Permacel Co., and 3M in St. Paul, Minnesota, where he invented masking tape and cellophane tape. Biography When Drew joined 3M ...

, is sold by the 3M company in the United States for the first time. *

September 12 Events Pre-1600 *490 BC – Battle of Marathon: The conventionally accepted date for the Battle of Marathon. The Athenians and their Plataean allies defeat the first Persian invasion force of Greece. * 372 – Sixteen Kingdoms: Jin ...

– England

er Wilfred Rhodes plays the final match in his international career, by taking 5 for 95 for H. D. G. Leveson Gower's XI, against the

Australians Australians, colloquially known as Aussies, are the citizens, nationals and individuals associated with the country of Australia. This connection may be residential, legal, historical or ethno-cultural. For most Australians, several (or all) ...

. At the age of 52, he also becomes the oldest man to play in a Test match. * September 14 – German federal election, 1930:

National Socialists Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Naz ...

win 107 seats in the German Parliament, the Reichstag (18.3% of all the votes), making them the second largest party. *

September 17 Events Pre-1600 *1111 – Highest Galician nobility led by Pedro Fróilaz de Traba and the bishop Diego Gelmírez crown Alfonso VII as "King of Galicia". *1176 – The Battle of Myriokephalon is the last attempt by the Byzantine Emp ...

– The Kurdish Ararat rebellion is suppressed by the Turks. *

September 20 Events Pre-1600 *1058 – Agnes of Poitou and Andrew I of Hungary meet to negotiate about the border territory of Burgenland. *1066 – At the Battle of Fulford, Harald Hardrada defeats earls Morcar and Edwin. * 1187 – Saladin b ...

– The Eastern Catholic Rite

Syro-Malankara Catholic Church The Syro-Malankara Catholic Church, also known as the Malankara Syrian Catholic Church, is an Eastern Catholic ''sui iuris'' particular church in full communion with the worldwide Catholic Church possessing self-governance under the Code of Can ...

is formed. *

September 27 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – William the Conqueror and his army set sail from the mouth of the Somme river, beginning the Norman conquest of England. *1331 – The Battle of Płowce is fought, between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teuton ...

–

İsmet İnönü Mustafa İsmet İnönü (; 24 September 1884 – 25 December 1973) was a Turkish army officer and statesman of Kurdish descent, who served as the second President of Turkey from 11 November 1938 to 22 May 1950, and its Prime Minister three time ...

forms a new government in Turkey (6th government).

October

* October – The

Indochinese Communist Party The Indochinese Communist Party (ICP), km, បក្សកុម្មុយនីស្តឥណ្ឌូចិន, lo, ອິນດູຈີນພັກກອມມູນິດ, zh, t=印度支那共產黨 was a political party which was t ...

is formed. *

October 1 Events Pre-1600 * 331 BC – Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. * 366 – Pope Damasus I is consecrated. * 959 – Edgar the Peaceful becomes king of all England, in succession to Eadwi ...

– British rule of Weihaiwei ends, as it is returned to China. *

October 3 Events Pre-1600 *2457 BC – Gaecheonjeol, Hwanung (환웅) purportedly descended from heaven. South Korea's National Foundation Day. *52 BC – Gallic Wars: Vercingetorix, leader of the Gauls, surrenders to the Romans under Julius C ...

– The German Socialist Labour Party in Poland – Left is founded, following a split in the DSAP in Łódź. *

October 5 Events Pre-1600 * 610 – Heraclius arrives at Constantinople, kills Byzantine Emperor Phocas, and becomes emperor. * 816 – King Louis the Pious is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by the Pope. * 869 – The Fourth Co ...

– British

'' R101'' crashes in France en route to India, on its maiden long-range flight, resulting in the loss of 48 lives. * October 14 – Ståhlberg kidnapping: The former and first President of Finland, K. J. Ståhlberg, and his wife, Ester Ståhlberg, are kidnapped from their home by members of the far-right Lapua Movement. * October 20 – A British White Paper demands restrictions on Jewish immigration into Mandatory Palestine. * October 24 –

Brazilian Revolution of 1930 The Revolution of 1930 () was an armed insurrection across Brazil that ended the Old Republic. The revolution replaced incumbent President Washington Luís with defeated presidential candidate and revolutionary leader Getúlio Vargas, conclu ...

: Getúlio Vargas overthrows

Washington Luís Washington Luís Pereira de Sousa (; 26 October 1869 – 4 August 1957) was a Brazilian politician who served as the 13th president of Brazil. Elected governor of São Paulo state in 1920 and president of Brazil in 1926, Washington Luís belonge ...

. *

October 27 Events Pre-1600 * 312 – Constantine is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross. * 1275 – Traditional founding of the city of Amsterdam. * 1524 – French troops lay siege to Pavia. * 1553 – Condemned as a ...

– Ratifications are exchanged in London on the first London Naval Treaty signed in April, modifying the

Washington Naval Treaty The Washington Naval Treaty, also known as the Five-Power Treaty, was a treaty signed during 1922 among the major Allies of World War I, which agreed to prevent an arms race by limiting naval construction. It was negotiated at the Washington N ...

of 1925. Its arms limitation provisions go into effect immediately, hence putting more limits on the expensive naval arms race between its five signatories (the United Kingdom, the United States, the Japanese Empire, France, and Italy.)

November

November 2 Events Pre-1600 * 619 – A qaghan of the Western Turkic Khaganate is assassinated in a Chinese palace by Eastern Turkic rivals after the approval of Tang emperor Gaozu. *1410 – The Peace of Bicêtre suspends hostilities in the ...

– Haile Selassie is crowned emperor of Ethiopia. *

November 3 Events Pre-1600 * 361 – Emperor Constantius II dies of a fever at Mopsuestia in Cilicia; on his deathbed he is baptised and declares his cousin Julian rightful successor. *1333 – The River Arno floods causing massive damage in Fl ...

– Getúlio Vargas becomes president of Brazil. * November 25 ** An earthquake in the Izu Peninsula of Japan kills 223 people, and destroys 650 buildings. ** Cecil George Paine, a pathologist at the

Sheffield Royal Infirmary The Royal Infirmary was a hospital in Upperthorpe, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England. History Founding an infirmary for Sheffield was suggested in an anonymous letter written 1789 and following a public meeting in April 1792, public subscr ...

in England, achieves the first recorded cure (of an eye infection) using penicillin.

December

* December – All adult Turkish women are given the right to vote in elections. *

December 19 Events Pre-1600 * 1154 – Henry II of England is crowned at Westminster Abbey. *1187 – Pope Clement III is elected. * 1490 – Anne, Duchess of Brittany, is married to Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor by proxy. *1562 – ...

– Mount Merapi volcano in central Java, Indonesia, erupts, destroying numerous villages and killing 1,300 people. *

December 24 Events Pre-1600 * 502 – Chinese emperor Xiao Yan names Xiao Tong his heir designate. * 640 – Pope John IV is elected, several months after his predecessor's death. * 759 – Tang dynasty poet Du Fu departs for Chengdu, wh ...

– In London, inventor

Harry Grindell Matthews Harry Grindell Matthews (17 March 1880 – 11 September 1941) was an English inventor who claimed to have invented a death ray in the 1920s. Earlier life and inventions Harry Grindell Matthews was born on 17 March 1880 in Winterbourne, Glouc ...

demonstrates his device to project pictures on clouds. *

December 29 Events Pre-1600 * 1170 – Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, is assassinated inside Canterbury Cathedral by followers of King Henry II; he subsequently becomes a saint and martyr in the Anglican Communion and the Catholic Church. ...

– Sir

Muhammad Iqbal Sir Muhammad Iqbal ( ur, ; 9 November 187721 April 1938), was a South Asian Muslim writer, philosopher, Quote: "In Persian, ... he published six volumes of mainly long poems between 1915 and 1936, ... more or less complete works on philoso ...

's presidential address in

Allahabad Allahabad (), officially known as Prayagraj, also known as Ilahabad, is a metropolis in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.The other five cities were: Agra, Kanpur (Cawnpore), Lucknow, Meerut, and Varanasi (Benares). It is the administra ...

introduces the two-nation theory, outlining a vision for the creation of Pakistan. * December 31 – The Papal encyclical ''

Casti connubii ''Casti connubii'' (Latin: "of chaste wedlock") is a papal encyclical promulgated by Pope Pius XI on 31 December 1930 in response to the Lambeth Conference of the Anglican Communion. It stressed the sanctity of marriage, prohibited Catholics fro ...

'', issued by

Pope Pius XI Pope Pius XI ( it, Pio XI), born Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti (; 31 May 1857 – 10 February 1939), was head of the Catholic Church from 6 February 1922 to his death in February 1939. He was the first sovereign of Vatican City from ...

, stresses the sanctity of marriage, prohibits Roman Catholics from using any form of artificial

, and reaffirms the Catholic prohibition on

abortion Abortion is the termination of a pregnancy by removal or expulsion of an embryo or fetus. An abortion that occurs without intervention is known as a miscarriage or "spontaneous abortion"; these occur in approximately 30% to 40% of pregnan ...

Date unknown

Bernhard Schmidt Bernhard Woldemar Schmidt (, Nargen – 1 December 1935, Hamburg) was an Estonian optician. In 1930 he invented the Schmidt telescope which corrected for the optical errors of spherical aberration, coma, and astigmatism, making possible for th ...

invents the Schmidt camera.

Births

January

* January 1 **

Gaafar Nimeiry Jaafar Muhammad an-Nimeiry (otherwise spelled in English as Jaafar Nimeiry, Gaafar Nimeiry or Ja'far Muhammad Numayri; ar, جعفر محمد النميري; 26 April 192830 May 2009) was a Sudanese politician who served as the president of Sud ...

, 4th

President of Sudan This article lists the heads of state of Sudan since the country's independence in 1956. History of the office Since independence was proclaimed on 1 January 1956, six individuals (and three multi-member sovereignty councils) have served as ...

(d.

2009 File:2009 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The vertical stabilizer of Air France Flight 447 is pulled out from the Atlantic Ocean; Barack Obama becomes the first African American to become President of the United States; Protests ...

) **

Ty Hardin Ty Hardin (born Orison Whipple Hungerford Jr.; January 1, 1930August 3, 2017) was an American actor best known as the star of the 1958 to 1962 ABC/ Warner Bros. Western television series '' Bronco''. Early life Hardin was born in New York Ci ...

, American actor (d.

2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a se ...

) **

Frederick Wiseman Frederick Wiseman (born January 1, 1930) is an American filmmaker, documentarian, and theater director. His work is "devoted primarily to exploring American institutions". He has been called "one of the most important and original filmmakers work ...

, American director and producer * January 3 **

Robert Loggia Salvatore "Robert" Loggia ( , ; January 3, 1930 – December 4, 2015) was an American actor. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for '' Jagged Edge'' (1985) and won the Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actor for ...

, American actor (d.

2015 File:2015 Events Collage new.png, From top left, clockwise: Civil service in remembrance of November 2015 Paris attacks; Germanwings Flight 9525 was purposely crashed into the French Alps; the rubble of residences in Kathmandu following the April ...

) ** Ahmed Osman, Prime Minister of Morocco * January 4 –

Don Shula Donald Francis Shula (January 4, 1930 – May 4, 2020) was an American football defensive back and coach who served as a head coach in the National Football League (NFL) from 1963 to 1995. The head coach of the Miami Dolphins for most of his ca ...

, American football coach (d.

2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...

) * January 5 – M. R. Srinivasan, Indian nuclear scientist * January 6 ** "

Professor Tanaka Charles J. Kalani Jr. (January 6, 1930 – August 22, 2000) was an American professional wrestler, professional boxer, college football player, soldier, actor, and martial artist who, in fighting rings, was also known as Professor Toru Tanaka, or ...

" (Charles Kalani, Jr.), American wrestler and actor (d.

2000 File:2000 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Protests against Bush v. Gore after the 2000 United States presidential election; Heads of state meet for the Millennium Summit; The International Space Station in its infant form as seen from S ...

) ** Oscar Camilión, Argentine lawyer and diplomat (d.

2016 File:2016 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Bombed-out buildings in Ankara following the 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt; the impeachment trial of Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff; Damaged houses during the 2016 Nagorno-Karabakh c ...

) **

Vic Tayback Victor E. Tayback (January 6, 1930 – May 25, 1990) was an American actor. He is known for his role as Mel Sharples in the film ''Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore'' (1974) and the television series ''Alice'' (1976–1985). The latter earned him t ...

, American actor (d. 1990) * January 9 – Pavel Kolchin, Soviet Olympic cross-country skier (d.

2010 File:2010 Events Collage New.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2010 Chile earthquake was one of the strongest recorded in history; The 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull, Eruption of Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland disrupts air travel in Europe; A ...

) * January 10 –

Roy E. Disney Roy Edward Disney KCSG (January 10, 1930 – December 16, 2009) was an American businessman. He was the longtime senior executive for the Walt Disney Company, which was founded by his father, Roy O. Disney, and his uncle, Walt Disney. At the t ...

, Disney executive (d.

) * January 11 –

Rod Taylor Rodney Sturt Taylor (11 January 1930 – 7 January 2015) was an Australian actor. He appeared in more than 50 feature films, including ''The Time Machine'' (1960), ''One Hundred and One Dalmatians'' (1961), '' The Birds'' (1963), and '' I ...

, Australian actor (d.

) * January 12 ** Tim Horton, Canadian hockey player, co-founder of Tim Hortons fast food chain (d.

1974 Major events in 1974 include the aftermath of the 1973 oil crisis and the resignation of United States President Richard Nixon following the Watergate scandal. In the Middle East, the aftermath of the 1973 Yom Kippur War determined politics; f ...

) ** Jennifer Johnston, Irish novelist **

Glenn Yarbrough Glenn Robertson Yarbrough (January 12, 1930 – August 11, 2016) was an American folk singer and guitarist. He was the lead singer (tenor) with the Limeliters from 1959 to 1963 and also had a prolific solo career. Yarbrough had a restlessne ...

, American singer (d.

) * January 15 – Hédi Baccouche, Prime Minister of Tunisia (d.

) *

January 16 Events Pre-1600 * 27 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus is granted the title Augustus by the Roman Senate, marking the beginning of the Roman Empire. * 378 – General Siyaj K'ak' conquers Tikal, enlarging the domain of King Sp ...

–

Mary Ann McMorrow Mary Ann McMorrow (née Grohwin; January 16, 1930 – February 23, 2013) was an Supreme Court of Illinois, Illinois Supreme Court chief justice. Career Mary Ann Grohwin was born to Roman and Emily Grohwin and grew up in a Roman Catholic househ ...

, American judge (d.

2013 File:2013 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: Edward Snowden becomes internationally famous for leaking classified NSA wiretapping information; Typhoon Haiyan kills over 6,000 in the Philippines and Southeast Asia; The Dhaka garment fa ...

) * January 19 –

Tippi Hedren Nathalie Kay "Tippi" Hedren (born January 19, 1930) is an American actress, animal rights activist, and former fashion model. A successful fashion model who appeared on the front covers of '' Life'' and '' Glamour'' magazines, among others, He ...

, American actress *

January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. * 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom. *1156 &ndash ...

–

Buzz Aldrin Buzz Aldrin (; born Edwin Eugene Aldrin Jr.; January 20, 1930) is an American former astronaut, engineer and fighter pilot. He made three spacewalks as pilot of the 1966 Gemini 12 mission. As the Lunar Module ''Eagle'' pilot on the 1969 Ap ...

, American pilot, astronaut (''

Apollo 11 Apollo 11 (July 16–24, 1969) was the American Human spaceflight, spaceflight that first Moon landing, landed humans on the Moon. Commander Neil Armstrong and lunar module pilot Buzz Aldrin landed the Apollo Lunar Module Lunar Module Eag ...

''), second person to set foot on the Moon * January 21 – Mainza Chona, Zambian politician and diplomat (d.

2001 The September 11 attacks against the United States by Al-Qaeda, which killed 2,977 people and instigated the global war on terror, were a defining event of 2001. The United States led a multi-national coalition in an invasion of Afghanist ...

) *

January 23 Events Pre-1600 * 393 – Roman emperor Theodosius I proclaims his eight-year-old son Honorius co-emperor. * 971 – Using crossbows, Song dynasty troops soundly defeat a war elephant corps of the Southern Han at Shao. * 1264 &nda ...

Derek Walcott Sir Derek Alton Walcott (23 January 1930 – 17 March 2017) was a Saint Lucian poet and playwright. He received the 1992 Nobel Prize in Literature. His works include the Homeric epic poem '' Omeros'' (1990), which many critics view "as Walc ...

, West Indian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d.

) **

Roderick Walcott Roderick Aldon Walcott, OBE (23 January 19306 March 2000), was a St Lucian playwright, screenwriter, painter, theatre director, costume and set designer, lyricist and literary editor.2000 File:2000 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Protests against Bush v. Gore after the 2000 United States presidential election; Heads of state meet for the Millennium Summit; The International Space Station in its infant form as seen from S ...

) **

William R. Pogue William Reid Pogue (January 23, 1930 – March 3, 2014) was an American astronaut and pilot who served in the United States Air Force (USAF) as a fighter pilot and test pilot, and reached the rank of colonel. He was also a teacher, public speak ...

, American astronaut (d. 2014) *

January 24 Events Pre-1600 * 41 – Claudius is proclaimed Roman emperor by the Praetorian Guard after they assassinate the previous emperor, his nephew Caligula. * 914 – Start of the First Fatimid invasion of Egypt. *1438 – The Counc ...

–

Terence Bayler Terence Bayler (24 January 1930 – 2 August 2016) was a New Zealand film, television, and stage actor. His most memorable roles were in ''Monty Python's Life of Brian'' (1979) and ''Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'' (2001). Biography ...

, New Zealand actor (d.

) * January 25 – Ruth Kligman, American artist (d.

) * January 26 –

Napoleon Abueva Napoleon "Billy" Veloso Abueva (January 26, 1930 – February 16, 2018) was known as the "Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture" Through Proclamation No. 1539. He was proclaimed National Artist for Sculpture in 1976 when he was 46, making him th ...

, Filipino artist (d. 2018) *

January 27 Events Pre-1600 * 98 – Trajan succeeds his adoptive father Nerva as Roman emperor; under his rule the Roman Empire will reach its maximum extent. * 945 – The co-emperors Stephen and Constantine are overthrown and forced to beco ...

–

Bobby Bland Robert Calvin Bland (born Robert Calvin Brooks; January 27, 1930 – June 23, 2013), known professionally as Bobby "Blue" Bland, was an American blues singer. Bland developed a sound that mixed gospel with the blues and R&B. He was des ...

, African-American R&B musician (d.

) * January 30 ** Gene Hackman, American actor and novelist **

Magnus Malan General Magnus André de Merindol Malan (30 January 1930 – 18 July 2011) was a South African military figure and politician during the last years of apartheid in South Africa. He served respectively as Minister of Defence in the cabinet of P ...

, South African soldier, Minister of Defence in the 1980s (d.

2011 File:2011 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: a protester partaking in Occupy Wall Street heralds the beginning of the Occupy movement; protests against Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi, who was killed that October; a young man celebrates ...

)

February

February 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1327 – The teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer. * 1411 – The First Peace of Thorn The (First) Peace of Thorn w ...

Shahabuddin Ahmed Shahabuddin Ahmed (1 February 1930 – 19 March 2022) served as the President of Bangladesh from 1996 to 2001, and the Chief Justice of Bangladesh from 1990 to 1995. He previously served as the acting president during 1990–91 when Hussain Mu ...

, 12th president of Bangladesh (d.

2022 File:2022 collage V1.png, Clockwise, from top left: Road junction at Yamato-Saidaiji Station several hours after the assassination of Shinzo Abe; 2022 Sri Lankan protests, Anti-government protest in Sri Lanka in front of the Presidential Secretari ...

) ** Hussain Muhammad Ershad, 10th president of Bangladesh (d.

2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...

) * February 2 – Ruth M. Kirk, American politician (d.

) * February 3 –

Mani Krishnaswami Mani Krishnaswami, (also written as Mani Krishnaswamy, 3 February 1930 – 12 July 2002) was a Carnatic music vocalist of Tamil Nadu, India. Family Her birth name was Mani Perundevi. Her father, LakshmiNarasimhachari, was the secretary of Vell ...

, Carnatic music vocalist from Tamil Nadu, India (d.

2002 File:2002 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 2002 Winter Olympics are held in Salt Lake City; Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother and her daughter Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon die; East Timor gains East Timor independence, indepe ...

) * February 4 –

Jim Loscutoff James Loscutoff Jr. (February 4, 1930 – December 1, 2015) was a professional basketball player for the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association (NBA). A forward, Loscutoff played on seven Celtics championship teams between 1956 an ...

, American basketball player (d.

) * February 7 –

Ikutaro Kakehashi , also known by the nickname Taro, was a Japanese engineer, inventor, and entrepreneur. He founded the musical instrument manufacturers Ace Tone, Roland Corporation, and Boss Corporation, and the audiovisual electronics company ATV Corporation. K ...

, Japanese engineer and entrepreneur (d.

) * February 8 –

Alejandro Rey Alejandro Rey (February 8, 1930 – May 21, 1987) was an Argentine-American actor and television director. Career Early work Rey was born in Buenos Aires and studied acting under Hedwig Schlichter and Milagros de la Vega. He became known a ...

, Argentine-American actor (d.

1987 File:1987 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The MS Herald of Free Enterprise capsizes after leaving the Port of Zeebrugge in Belgium, killing 193; Northwest Airlines Flight 255 crashes after takeoff from Detroit Metropolitan Airport, ...

) * February 10 – Robert Wagner, American actor * February 13 ** Ernst Fuchs, Austrian painter (d.

) **

Israel Kirzner Israel Meir Kirzner (also Yisroel Mayer Kirzner ; born February 13, 1930) is a British-born American economist closely identified with the Austrian School. Early life and education The son of a well-known rabbi and Talmudist, Kirzner was born in ...

, English-born American economist, author and academic * February 15 –

Bruce Dawe Donald Bruce Dawe (15 February 1930 – 1 April 2020) was an Australian poet and academic. Some critics consider him one of the most influential Australian poets of all time.

, Australian poet (d.

) *

February 17 Events Pre-1600 *1370 – Northern Crusades: Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Teutonic Knights meet in the Battle of Rudau. * 1411 – Following the successful campaigns during the Ottoman Interregnum, Musa Çelebi, one of the sons o ...

– Ruth Rendell, British author (d.

) * February 19 ** John Frankenheimer, American film director (d.

) **

K. Viswanath Kasinadhuni Viswanath (born 19 February 1930) is an Indian film director, screenwriter and actor, known for his works primarily in Telugu cinema. He is recipient of five National Film Awards, seven state Nandi Awards, ten Filmfare Awards South, ...

, Indian actor, director and screenwriter * February 22 – Marni Nixon, American vocalist (d.

) *

February 23 Events Pre-1600 * 303 – Roman emperor Diocletian orders the destruction of the Christian church in Nicomedia, beginning eight years of Diocletianic Persecution. * 532 – Byzantine emperor Justinian I lays the foundation stone of a ...

– Goro Shimura, Japanese mathematician (d.

) * February 27 – Joanne Woodward, American actress *

February 28 Events Pre-1600 * 202 BC – Liu Bang is enthroned as the Emperor of China, beginning four centuries of rule by the Han dynasty. * 870 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople closes. *1525 – Aztec king Cuauhtémoc is execute ...

–

Leon Cooper Leon N Cooper (born February 28, 1930) is an American physicist and Nobel Prize laureate who, with John Bardeen and John Robert Schrieffer, developed the BCS theory of superconductivity. His name is also associated with the Cooper pair and co-deve ...

, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate

March

–

Tom Wolfe Thomas Kennerly Wolfe Jr. (March 2, 1930 – May 14, 2018)Some sources say 1931; ''The New York Times'' and Reuters both initially reported 1931 in their obituaries before changing to 1930. See and was an American author and journalist widely ...

, American author, journalist (d. 2018) *

March 3 Events Pre-1600 * 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan. * 1575 &nd ...

Heiner Geißler Heiner Geißler (3 March 1930 – 12 September 2017) was a German politician with the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) party and a federal minister from 1982 to 1985. Career Born Heinrichjosef Georg Geißler in Gleisweiler, he studied law a ...

, German politician (d.

) **

Ion Iliescu Ion Iliescu (; born 3 March 1930) is a Romanian politician and engineer who served as President of Romania from 1989 until 1996 and from 2000 until 2004. Between 1996 and 2000 and also from 2004 to 2008, the year in which he retired, Iliescu ...

, 2-time President of Romania ** K. S. Rajah, Singaporean Senior Counsel, Judicial Commissioner of the Supreme Court (d.

) *

Allison Hayes Allison Hayes (born Mary Jane Hayes; March 6, 1930 – February 27, 1977) was an American film and television actress and model. Early life Allison Hayes was born to William E. Hayes and Charlotte Gibson Hayes in Charleston, West Virginia. She ...

, American actress (d.

1977 Events January * January 8 – Three bombs explode in Moscow within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an Armenian separatist group. * January 10 – Mount Nyiragongo erupts in eastern Zaire (now the Democratic Re ...

) **

Lorin Maazel Lorin Varencove Maazel (, March 6, 1930 – July 13, 2014) was an American conductor, violinist and composer. He began conducting at the age of eight and by 1953 had decided to pursue a career in music. He had established a reputation in th ...

, French-born American orchestral conductor (d. 2014) * March 7 **

Antony Armstrong-Jones, 1st Earl of Snowdon Antony Charles Robert Armstrong-Jones, 1st Earl of Snowdon, (7 March 1930 – 13 January 2017), was a British photographer and filmmaker. He is best known for his portraits of world notables, many of them published in '' Vogue'', '' Vanity F ...

, English photographer, royal spouse (d.

) **

Daphne Osborne Daphne J. Osborne (7 March 1930 – 16 June 2006) was a British botanist. Her research in the field of plant physiology spanned five decades and resulted in over two hundred papers, twenty of which were published in ''Nature''. Her obituary in ...

, English botanist (d.

2006 File:2006 Events Collage V1.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2006 Winter Olympics open in Turin; Twitter is founded and launched by Jack Dorsey; The Nintendo Wii is released; Montenegro votes to declare independence from Serbia; The 2006 FIFA ...

) * March 8 –

Douglas Hurd Douglas Richard Hurd, Baron Hurd of Westwell, (born 8 March 1930) is a British Conservative Party politician who served in the governments of Margaret Thatcher and John Major from 1979 to 1995. A career diplomat and political secretary to ...

, English politician * March 9 (or 19) –

Ornette Coleman Randolph Denard Ornette Coleman (March 9, 1930 – June 11, 2015) was an American jazz saxophonist, violinist, trumpeter, and composer known as a principal founder of the free jazz genre, a term derived from his 1960 album '' Free Jazz: A Colle ...

, American jazz saxophonist (d.

) * March 13 –

Liz Anderson Liz is a female name of Hebrew origin, meaning "God's Promise". It is also a short form of Elizabeth, Elisabeth, Lisbeth, Lizanne, Liszbeth, Lizbeth, Lizabeth, Lyzbeth, Lisa, Lizette, Alyssa, and Eliza. People * Liz Balmaseda (born 1959), Pu ...

, American country music singer and songwriter (d.

) * March 14 **

Irma Adelman Irma Glicman Adelman (March 14, 1930 – February 5, 2017) was a Romanian-American economist. Early life and education Adelman was born in Chernivtsi, Romania in March 1930. In 1939, fleeing the Nazi regime, she moved with her family to Palesti ...

, Romanian-born economist (d.

) ** Helga Feddersen, German actress (d. 1990) * March 15 **

Alba Arnova Alba Arnova (15 March 1930 – 11 March 2018) was an Italian-Argentine ballerina and film actress. Life and career Born in Buenos Aires as Alba Fossati, daughter of two Italian emigrants, Arnova studied piano at the Conservatory and enrolled ...

, Italian-Argentine ballerina, actress (d. 2018) **

Zhores Alferov Zhores Ivanovich Alferov (russian: link=no, Жоре́с Ива́нович Алфёров, ; be, Жарэс Іва́навіч Алфёраў; 15 March 19301 March 2019) was a Soviet and Russian physicist and academic who contributed signific ...

, Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d.

) ** Shadi Abdel Salam, Egyptian film director, screenwriter and costume and set designer (d.

1986 The year 1986 was designated as the International Year of Peace by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 **Aruba gains increased autonomy from the Netherlands by separating from the Netherlands Antilles. ** Spain and Portugal ent ...

) *

March 17 Events Pre-1600 * 45 BC – In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger in the Battle of Munda. * 180 – Commodus becomes sole emperor of the Roman Empire at the age of ei ...

– James Irwin, American astronaut (d.

1991 File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the Ph ...

) *

March 18 Events Pre-1600 * 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10. *1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Arab ...

– Adam Cardinal Maida, American Roman Catholic prelate; Archbishop of Detroit (1990–2009) *

March 19 Events Pre-1600 * 1277 – The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1277 is concluded, stipulating a two-year truce and renewing Venetian commercial privileges in the Byzantine Empire. * 1279 – A Mongol victory at the Battle of Yamen end ...

–

Gualtiero Marchesi Gualtiero Marchesi (; 19 March 1930 – 26 December 2017) was an Italian chef, unanimously considered the founder of the new Italian cuisine and, in the opinion of many, the most famous Italian chef in the world and the one who has contributed mo ...

, Italian chef and restaurateur (d.

) * March 20 – Thomas Stafford Williams, New Zealand cardinal *

March 22 Events Pre-1600 * 106 – Start of the Bostran era, the calendar of the province of Arabia Petraea. * 235 – Roman emperor Severus Alexander is murdered, marking the start of the Crisis of the Third Century. * 871 – Æthelred ...

** Sir

Lynden Pindling Sir Lynden Oscar Pindling, NH, KCMG, PC, JP (22 March 193026 August 2000) was a Bahamian politician who is regarded as the "Father of the Nation" of the Bahamas, having led it to majority rule on 10 January 1967 and to independence on 10 Ju ...

, 1st prime minister of the Bahamas (d.

) ** Pat Robertson, American televangelist, motivational speaker, author and television host ** Stephen Sondheim, American composer and lyricist (d.

2021 File:2021 collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: the James Webb Space Telescope was launched in 2021; Protesters in Yangon, Myanmar following the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état, coup d'état; A civil demonstration against the October–November 2021 ...

) *

March 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1199 – King Richard I of England is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting in France, leading to his death on April 6. * 1387 – English victory over a Franco- Castilian-Flemish fleet in the Battle of Margat ...

** David Dacko, 1st President of the Central African Republic (d.

2003 File:2003 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The crew of STS-107 perished when the Space Shuttle Columbia Space Shuttle Columbia disaster, disintegrated during reentry into Atmosphere of Earth, Earth's atmosphere; SARS became an 2002– ...

) ** Steve McQueen, American actor (d.

1980 Events January * January 4 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter proclaims a grain embargo against the USSR with the support of the European Commission. * January 6 – Global Positioning System time epoch begins at 00:00 UTC. * January 9 – In ...

) **

Albert S. Ruddy Albert Stotland Ruddy (born March 28, 1930) is a Canadian-American film and television producer. He is known for producing ''The Godfather'' (1972) and ''Million Dollar Baby'' (2004), both of which won him the Academy Award for Best Picture, as w ...

, Canadian film and television producer * March 26 – Sandra Day O'Connor, American politician,

Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States An associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States is any member of the Supreme Court of the United States other than the chief justice of the United States. The number of associate justices is eight, as set by the Judiciary Act of 1 ...

March 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1309 – Pope Clement V imposes excommunication and interdiction on Venice, and a general prohibition of all commercial intercourse with Venice, which had seized on Ferrara, a papal fiefdom. *1329 – Pope John XXII ...

–

Daniel Spoerri Daniel Spoerri (born 27 March 1930) is a Swiss artist and writer born in Romania. Spoerri is best known for his "snare-pictures," a type of assemblage or object art, in which he captures a group of objects, such as the remains of meals eaten by in ...

, Romanian-Swiss artist and writer * March 28 **

Robert Ashley Robert Reynolds Ashley (March 28, 1930 – March 3, 2014) was an American composer, who was best known for his television operas and other theatrical works, many of which incorporate electronics and extended techniques. His works often involve i ...

, American composer (d. 2014) **

Jerome Isaac Friedman Jerome Isaac Friedman (born March 28, 1930) is an American physicist. He is Institute Professor and Professor of Physics, ''Emeritus, ''at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He won the 1990 Nobel Prize in Physics along with Henry Kenda ...

, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate *

Anerood Jugnauth Sir Anerood Jugnauth, GCSK, PV, (29 March 1930 – 3 June 2021) was a Mauritian politician and barrister who served both as President and Prime Minister of Mauritius. He was Member of Parliament for Piton & Riviere Du Rempart. A central f ...

, Mauritian politician, 3-time Prime Minister of Mauritius, and 4th President of Mauritius (d.

) **

John Marshall John Marshall (September 24, 1755July 6, 1835) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the fourth Chief Justice of the United States from 1801 until his death in 1835. He remains the longest-serving chief justice and fourth-longes ...

, Australian swimmer (d.

1957 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1957th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 957th year of the 2nd millennium, the 57th year of the 20th century, and the 8th year ...

) *

March 30 Events Pre-1600 * 598 – Balkan Campaign: The Avars lift the siege at the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis. Their leader Bayan I retreats north of the Danube River after the Avaro- Slavic hordes are decimated by the plague. * 1282 &nda ...

John Astin John Allen Astin (born March 30, 1930) is an American actor and director who has appeared in numerous stage, television and film roles. He is best known for starring in ''The Addams Family'' (1964–1966), as patriarch Gomez Addams, reprising th ...

, American actor ** Rolf Harris, Australian entertainer *

Julián Herranz Casado Julián Herranz Casado (born 31 March 1930) is a Spanish cardinal of the Catholic Church. He served as President of the Pontifical Council for the Interpretation of Legislative Texts in the Roman Curia from 1994 to 2007, and was elevated to th ...

, Spanish cardinal ** Susan Weil, American artist

April

April 1 Events Pre-1600 * 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held. * 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne. * 1081 – Alexios I Ko ...

–

Grace Lee Whitney Grace Lee Whitney (born Mary Ann Chase; April 1, 1930 – May 1, 2015) was an American actress and singer. She played Janice Rand on the original ''Star Trek'' television series and subsequent ''Star Trek'' films. Early life Whitney was born o ...

, American actress ('' Star Trek'') (d.

) *

April 3 Events Pre-1600 * 686 – Maya king Yuknoom Yich'aak K'ahk' assumes the crown of Calakmul. *1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. * 1077 – The Patriarchate of Friûl, the first Friulian state, is created. * ...

Lawton Chiles Lawton Mainor Chiles Jr. (April 3, 1930 – December 12, 1998) was an American politician who served as the 41st governor of Florida from 1991 until his death in 1998. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as a United State ...

, American politician,

U.S. Senator The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The composition and power ...

( Florida), 41st Governor of Florida (d.

1998 1998 was designated as the ''International Year of the Ocean''. Events January * January 6 – The ''Lunar Prospector'' spacecraft is launched into orbit around the Moon, and later finds evidence for frozen water, in soil in permanently s ...

) **

Helmut Kohl Helmut Josef Michael Kohl (; 3 April 1930 – 16 June 2017) was a German politician who served as Chancellor of Germany from 1982 to 1998 and Leader of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) from 1973 to 1998. Kohl's 16-year tenure is the longe ...

, Chancellor of Germany (d.

) *

Mary Costa Mary Costa (born April 5, 1930) is an American retired actress and singer. Her most notable film credit is providing the voice of Princess Aurora in the 1959 Disney animated film ''Sleeping Beauty'', of which she is the last surviving original vo ...

, American opera singer and actress **

Pierre Lhomme Pierre Lhomme (5 April 1930 – 4 July 2019) was a French cinematographer and filmmaker. Filmography *2002 : ''Le Divorce'' by James Ivory (director), James Ivory *1999 : ''Cotton Mary'' by Ismail Merchant *1998 : ''Voleur de vie'' by Yves Ange ...

, French cinematographer (d.

) *

–

Pampero Firpo Juan Kachmanian (April 6, 1930 – January 9, 2020) was an Argentine-American professional wrestler, better known by his ring name, Pampero Firpo. Early life Kachmanian was born on April 6, 1930, in Buenos Aires, Argentina. His parents were of ...

, Argentinian/American professional wrestler (d.

) *

April 7 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Attila the Hun captures Metz in France, killing most of its inhabitants and burning the town. * 529 – First ''Corpus Juris Civilis'', a fundamental work in jurisprudence, is issued by Eastern Roman Empe ...

** Vilma Espín, Cuban revolutionary, feminist, and chemical engineer (d.

2007 File:2007 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Steve Jobs unveils Apple's first iPhone; TAM Airlines Flight 3054 overruns a runway and crashes into a gas station, killing almost 200 people; Former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto ...

) **

Andrew Sachs Andreas Siegfried Sachs (7 April 1930 – 23 November 2016), known professionally as Andrew Sachs, was a German-born British actor and writer. He made his name on British television and found his greatest fame for his portrayal of the comical Sp ...

, German-born British actor (d.

) *

April 8 Events Pre-1600 * 217 – Roman emperor Caracalla is assassinated and is succeeded by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus. * 876 – The Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul saves Baghdad from the Saffarids. *1139 – Rog ...

–

Carlos Hugo, Duke of Parma Carlos Hugo, Duke of Parma and Piacenza (8 April 1930 – 18 August 2010) was the head of the House of Bourbon-Parma from 1977 until his death. Carlos Hugo was the Carlist pretender to the throne of Spain and sought to change the political directi ...

(d.

) * April 9 – F. Albert Cotton, American chemist (d.

) * April 10 ** Claude Bolling, French jazz pianist and composer (d.

) ** Dolores Huerta, American labor leader and civil rights activist ** Frank Lary, American baseball player (d.

) **

Spede Pasanen Pertti Olavi "Spede" Pasanen (10 April 1930 – 7 September 2001) was a Finnish film director and producer, comedian, and inventor. During his career he directed, wrote, produced or acted in about 50 movies and participated in numerous TV p ...

, Finnish television personality (d.

) *

April 11 Events Pre-1600 * 491 – Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine emperor, with the name of Anastasius I. *1241 – Batu Khan defeats Béla IV of Hungary at the Battle of Mohi. *1512 – War of the League of Cambrai: Franco-Ferrares ...

Nicholas F. Brady Nicholas Frederick Brady (born April 11, 1930) is an American politician from the state of New Jersey, who was the United States Secretary of the Treasury under Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush, and is also known for articulating t ...

, American politician and businessman ** Anton LaVey, American author, musician, and occultist (d.

1997 File:1997 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The movie set of ''Titanic (1997 film), Titanic'', the List of highest-grossing films, highest-grossing movie in history at the time; ''Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'', is published; ...

) *

April 12 Events Pre-1600 * 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I. * 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted ...

–

John Landy John Michael Landy OLY (12 April 1930 – 24 February 2022) was an Australian middle-distance runner and state governor. He was the second man to break the four-minute mile barrier in the mile run and held the world records for the 1500-metre ...

, Australian athlete and politician (d.

) *

April 14 Events Pre-1600 *43 BC – Legions loyal to the Roman Senate, commanded by Gaius Pansa, defeat the forces of Mark Antony in the Battle of Forum Gallorum. * 69 – Vitellius, commanding Rhine-based armies, defeats Roman emperor Otho i ...

– Bradford Dillman, American actor and author (d. 2018) *

April 15 Events Pre-1600 * 769 – The Lateran Council ends by condemning the Council of Hieria and anathematizing its iconoclastic rulings. *1071 – Bari, the last Byzantine possession in southern Italy, is surrendered to Robert Guiscard. ...

– Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, President of Iceland *

April 16 Events Pre-1600 * 1457 BC – Battle of Megido - the first battle to have been recorded in what is accepted as relatively reliable detail. * 69 – Defeated by Vitellius' troops at Bedriacum, Otho commits suicide. * 73 – Masad ...

– Herbie Mann, American jazz flutist (d.

) *

April 19 Events Pre-1600 *AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested. * 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persians at ...

–

Dick Sargent Richard Stanford Cox (April 19, 1930 – July 8, 1994), known professionally as Dick Sargent, was an American actor, notable as the second actor to portray Darrin Stephens on ABC's fantasy situation comedy ''Bewitched''. He took the name ''Dic ...

, American actor and gay activist (d.

1994 File:1994 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; The Kaiser Permanente building after the 1994 Northridge earthquake; A model of the MS Estonia, which sank in the Baltic Sea; Nels ...

) *

–

Silvana Mangano Silvana Mangano (; 21 April 1930 – 16 December 1989) was an Italian film actress. She was one of a generation of thespians who arose from the neorealist movement, and went on to become a major female star, regarded as a sex symbol for the 195 ...

, Italian actress (d.

1989 File:1989 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Cypress Street Viaduct, Cypress structure collapses as a result of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, killing motorists below; The proposal document for the World Wide Web is submitted; The Exxo ...

) *

April 24 Events Pre-1600 *1479 BC – Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th dynasty). * 1183 BC – Traditional reckoning of the Fall of Troy ma ...

** Richard Donner, American film director and producer (d.

) ** José Sarney, 31st President of Brazil *

April 25 Events Pre-1600 * 404 BC – Admiral Lysander and King Pausanias of Sparta blockade Athens and bring the Peloponnesian War to a successful conclusion. * 775 – The Battle of Bagrevand puts an end to an Armenian rebellion against th ...

– Paul Mazursky, American director and writer (d. 2014) *

April 26 Events Pre-1600 *1336 – Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) ascends Mont Ventoux. *1348 – Czech king Karel IV founds the Charles University in Prague, which was later named after him and was the first university in Central Europe. *147 ...

– Roger Moens, Belgian athlete and sportscaster *

April 28 Events Pre-1600 * 224 – The Battle of Hormozdgan is fought. Ardashir I defeats and kills Artabanus V effectively ending the Parthian Empire. * 357 – Emperor Constantius II enters Rome for the first time to celebrate his victory o ...

** James Baker, former United States Secretary of State **

Carolyn Jones Carolyn Sue Jones (April 28, 1930 – August 3, 1983) was an American actress of television and film. Jones began her film career in the early 1950s, and by the end of the decade had achieved recognition with a nomination for an Academy ...

, American actress (d.

1983 The year 1983 saw both the official beginning of the Internet and the first mobile cellular telephone call. Events January * January 1 – The migration of the ARPANET to TCP/IP is officially completed (this is considered to be the beginning ...

) *

April 29 Events Pre-1600 *1091 – Battle of Levounion: The Pechenegs are defeated by Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos. *1386 – Battle of the Vikhra River: The Principality of Smolensk is defeated by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and beco ...

Jean Rochefort Jean Raoul Robert Rochefort (; 29 April 1930 – 9 October 2017) was a French actor. He received many accolades during his career, including an Honorary César in 1999. Life and career Rochefort was born on 29 April 1930 in Paris, France, to ...

, French actor (d.

) **

Irv Weinstein Irwin B. "Irv" Weinstein (April 29, 1930 – December 26, 2017) was an American local television news anchor and occasional radio actor. He hosted WKBW-TV's ''Eyewitness News'' in Buffalo, New York, for 34 years, from 1964 to 1998, becoming an ico ...

, American broadcaster, television news anchor (d.

) **

Mahmud of Terengganu Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin Shah Al-Haj (29 April 1930 – 14 May 1998) was the 17th Sultan of Terengganu from 21 September 1979 to 14 May 1998. Life Sultan Mahmud was born on 29 April 1930 ...

, 16th Sultan of Terengganu (d.

) * April 30 – Félix Guattari, French psychotherapist, philosopher, semiologist, and activist (d.

1992 File:1992 Events Collage V1.png, From left, clockwise: 1992 Los Angeles riots, Riots break out across Los Angeles, California after the Police brutality, police beating of Rodney King; El Al Flight 1862 crashes into a residential apartment buildi ...

)

May

May 1 Events Pre-1600 * 305 – Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman emperor. * 880 – The Nea Ekklesia is inaugurated in Constantinople, setting the model for all later cross-in-square Orthodox churches. * 1169 &ndas ...

Ethel Ayler Ethyl Spraggins Ayler (May 1, 1930 – November 18, 2018) was an American character actress with a career spanning over five decades. Biography Ayler was born in Whistler, Alabama and graduated from Fisk University. In 1957, she made her of ...

, American actress (d. 2018) **

Probosutedjo Probosutedjo (1 May 1930 – 26 March 2018) was a businessman and the younger half-brother of former Indonesian president Suharto. Like many Indonesians, he took only one name. Probosutedjo was one of seven children from his mother's second marria ...

, Indonesian businessman (d. 2018) ** Little Walter, African-American blues singer, musician, and songwriter (d.

1968 The year was highlighted by protests and other unrests that occurred worldwide. Events January–February * January 5 – "Prague Spring": Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. * Januar ...

) *

May 3 Events Pre-1600 * 752 – Mayan king Bird Jaguar IV of Yaxchilan in modern-day Chiapas, Mexico, assumes the throne. *1481 – The largest of three earthquakes strikes the island of Rhodes and causes an estimated 30,000 casualties. ...

–

Juan Gelman Juan Gelman (3 May 1930 – 14 January 2014) was an Argentine poet. He published more than twenty books of poetry between 1956 and his death in early 2014. He was a naturalized citizen of Mexico, country where he arrived as a political exile of th ...

, Argentine poet, writer (d. 2014) *

May 4 Events Pre-1600 * 1256 – The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull ''Licet ecclesiae catholicae''. * 1415 – Religious reformers John Wycliffe and Jan Hus ar ...

–

Roberta Peters Roberta Peters (May 4, 1930 – January 18, 2017) was an American coloratura soprano. One of the most prominent American singers to achieve lasting fame and success in opera, Peters is noted for her 35-year association with the Metropolitan Oper ...

, American soprano (d.

) * May 5 –

Michael J. Adams Michael James Adams (May 5, 1930 – November 15, 1967) ( Maj USAF) was an American aviator, aeronautical engineer, and USAF astronaut. He was one of twelve pilots who flew the North American X-15, an experimental spaceplane jointly operated by ...

, American aviator, aeronautical engineer, and astronaut (d.

1967 Events January * January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair. * January 5 ** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establishing full consular and ...

) * May 8 **

Heather Harper Heather Mary Harper (8 May 1930 – 22 April 2019) was a Northern Irish operatic soprano. She was active internationally in both opera and concert. She performed roles such as Helena in Benjamin Britten's ''A Midsummer Night's Dream'' at the Roy ...

, Northern Irish soprano (d.

) ** Gary Snyder, American poet, essayist and translator * May 9 – Joan Sims, English actress (d.

) *

May 11 Events 1601–1900 *1812 – Prime Minister Spencer Perceval is assassinated by John Bellingham in the lobby of the British House of Commons. * 1813 – William Lawson, Gregory Blaxland and William Wentworth discover a route across ...

– Edsger W. Dijkstra, Dutch computer scientist (d.

) * May 13 **

Vernon Shaw Vernon Lorden Shaw (13 May 1930 – 2 December 2013) was the fifth President of Dominica, in office from 1998 to 2003. Shaw was an alumnus of the Dominica Grammar School and Trinity College, Oxford. He was a career civil servant, rising to the ...

, 5th president of Dominica (d.

) ** Mike Gravel, American politician, former Senator of Alaska and Presidential candidate (d.

) * May 14 – María Irene Fornés, Cuban-American playwright (d. 2018) * May 15 ** Jasper Johns, American painter **

Grace Ogot Grace Emily Ogot (née Akinyi; 15 May 1930 – 18 March 2015) was a Kenyan author, nurse, journalist, politician and diplomat. Together with Charity Waciuma she was the first Anglophone female Kenyan writer to be published.Mike Kuria, ed. ''Ta ...

, Kenyan author, nurse, journalist, politician and diplomat (d.

) * May 17 – María Luisa Mendoza, Mexican journalist, novelist and politician (d. 2018) *

May 19 Events Pre-1600 * 639 – Ashina Jiesheshuai and his tribesmen assaulted Emperor Taizong at Jiucheng Palace. * 715 – Pope Gregory II is elected. * 1051 – Henry I of France marries the Rus' princess, Anne of Kiev. * 1445 ...

–

Lorraine Hansberry Lorraine Vivian Hansberry (May 19, 1930 – January 12, 1965) was a playwright and writer. She was the first African-American female author to have a play performed on Broadway. Her best-known work, the play ''A Raisin in the Sun'', highlig ...

, African-American playwright (d.

1965 Events January–February * January 14 – The Prime Minister of Northern Ireland and the Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland meet for the first time in 43 years. * January 20 ** Lyndon B. Johnson is sworn in for a full term as ...

) * May 20 –

James McEachin James McEachin (born May 20, 1930) is an American author and retired actor. Military career McEachin served in the United States Army before, and then during, the Korean War. Serving in King Company, 9th Infantry Regiment (United States), 2nd ...

, American actor * May 21 – Malcolm Fraser, 22nd Prime Minister of Australia (d.

) * May 22 ** Kenny Ball, British jazz trumpeter, singer and bandleader (d.

) **

Harvey Milk Harvey Bernard Milk (May 22, 1930 – November 27, 1978) was an American politician and the first openly gay man to be elected to public office in California, as a member of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors. Milk was born and raised in N ...

, American politician and gay rights activist (d.

1978 Events January * January 1 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay, killing 213. * January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of CHP, forms the new government of Turkey (42nd government). * January 6 � ...

) *

May 25 Events Pre-1600 *567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans. * 240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes Toled ...

–

Sonia Rykiel Sonia Rykiel (; ; 25 May 1930 – 25 August 2016) was a French fashion designer and writer. She created the Poor Boy Sweater, which was featured on the cover of French ''Elle'' magazine. Her knitwear designs and new fashion techniques led her t ...

, French fashion designer (d.

) *

May 27 Events Pre-1600 *1096 – Count Emicho enters Mainz, where his followers massacre Jewish citizens. At least 600 Jews are killed. *1120 – Richard III of Capua is anointed as Prince two weeks before his untimely death. *1153 – ...

** John Barth, American writer ** Muhammad Lafir, Sri Lankan snooker player (d.

1981 Events January * January 1 ** Greece enters the European Economic Community, predecessor of the European Union. ** Palau becomes a self-governing territory. * January 10 – Salvadoran Civil War: The FMLN launches its first major offensiv ...

) * May 28 – Edward Seaga, Jamaican politician, 5th

Prime Minister of Jamaica The prime minister of Jamaica is Jamaica's head of government, currently Andrew Holness. Holness, as leader of the governing Jamaica Labour Party (JLP), was sworn in as prime minister on 7 September 2020, having been re-elected as a result of t ...

(d.

) * May 31 **

Ruslan Stratonovich Ruslan Leont'evich Stratonovich (russian: Русла́н Лео́нтьевич Страто́нович) was a Russian physicist, engineer, and probabilist and one of the founders of the theory of stochastic differential equations. Biography R ...

, Russian physicist, engineer (d.

) **

Clint Eastwood Clinton Eastwood Jr. (born May 31, 1930) is an American actor and film director. After achieving success in the Western TV series '' Rawhide'', he rose to international fame with his role as the "Man with No Name" in Sergio Leone's "''Dolla ...

, American actor, director, and producer

June

June 1 Events Pre-1600 *1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu. * 1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed king ...

– Edward Woodward, English actor and singer (d.

) *

June 2 Events Pre-1600 * 455 – Sack of Rome: Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks. * 1098 – First Crusade: The first Siege of Antioch ends as Crusader forces take the city; the second siege began five days later. 1601� ...

– Pete Conrad, American astronaut, moonwalker and commander of ''

Apollo 12 Apollo 12 (November 14–24, 1969) was the sixth crewed flight in the United States Apollo program and the second to land on the Moon. It was launched on November 14, 1969, by NASA from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Commander Charle ...

'' (d.

1999 File:1999 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The funeral procession of King Hussein of Jordan in Amman; the 1999 İzmit earthquake kills over 17,000 people in Turkey; the Columbine High School massacre, one of the first major school shoot ...

) * June 3 ** Marion Zimmer Bradley, American writer (d.

) **

George Fernandes George Mathew Fernandes (3 June 1930 – 29 January 2019) was an Indian trade unionist, statesman, and journalist, who served as the 22nd Defence Minister of India from 1998 until 2004. He was a member of Lok Sabha for over 30 years, starting f ...

, Indian politician (d.

) *

June 4 Events Pre-1600 *1411 – King Charles VI granted a monopoly for the ripening of Roquefort cheese to the people of Roquefort-sur-Soulzon as they had been doing for centuries. *1561 – The steeple of St Paul's, the medieval cathedra ...

Morgana King Maria Grazia Morgana Messina (June 4, 1930 – March 22, 2018), known as Morgana King, was an American jazz singer and actress.Liner notes by Joel Dorn – Morgana King album ''The Complete Reprise Recordings'' (2000).Liner notes by Ed Osborne � ...

, American jazz singer, actress (d. 2018) ** Viktor Tikhonov, Soviet ice hockey player and coach (d. 2014) *

June 6 Events Pre-1600 * 913 – Constantine VII, the eight-year-old illegitimate son of Leo VI the Wise, becomes nominal ruler of the Byzantine Empire under the regency of a seven-man council headed by Patriarch Nicholas Mystikos, appointed ...

–

Frank Tyson Frank Holmes Tyson (6 June 1930 – 27 September 2015) was an England international cricketer of the 1950s, who also worked as a schoolmaster, journalist, cricket coach and cricket commentator after emigrating to Australia in 1960. Nicknamed " ...

, English cricketer (d.

) * June 8 – Robert Aumann, German-born mathematician, recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences *

June 9 Events Pre-1600 *411 BC – The Athenian coup succeeds, forming a short-lived oligarchy. * 53 – The Roman emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia. * 68 – Nero dies by suicide after quoting Vergil's ''Aeneid'', thus ending the Ju ...

** Barbara, French singer (d.

) **

Jordi Pujol Jordi Pujol Soley (, born 9 June 1930) is a Catalan politician who was the leader of the party Convergència Democràtica de Catalunya (CDC) from 1974 to 2003, and President of the Generalitat de Catalunya from 1980 to 2003. Early life Pujol was ...

, 126th

President of the Government of Catalonia The President of the Government of Catalonia ( ca, President de la Generalitat de Catalunya, ) is one of the bodies that the Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia stipulates as part of the Generalitat de Catalunya, others being the Parliament, the go ...

* June 10 –

Grace Mirabella Marie Grace Mirabella (June 10, 1929 – December 23, 2021) was an American fashion journalist who was editor-in-chief of '' Vogue'' magazine between 1971 and 1988. She founded '' Mirabella'' magazine in 1989, and continued there until 1996. Ear ...

, American journalist, editor of ''

Vogue Vogue may refer to: Business * ''Vogue'' (magazine), a US fashion magazine ** British ''Vogue'', a British fashion magazine ** ''Vogue Arabia'', an Arab fashion magazine ** ''Vogue Australia'', an Australian fashion magazine ** ''Vogue China'', ...

'' 1971-88 (d.

) *

June 11 Events Pre-1600 * 173 – Marcomannic Wars: The Roman army in Moravia is encircled by the Quadi, who have broken the peace treaty (171). In a violent thunderstorm emperor Marcus Aurelius defeats and subdues them in the so-called "miracle ...

Neale Lavis Neale John Lavis (11 June 1930 – 6 October 2019) was an Australian equestrian and Olympic champion. He won a team gold medal in eventing at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, and a silver medal in individual eventing. He also participated at t ...

, Australian equestrian (d.

) **

Charles Rangel Charles Bernard Rangel (, ; born June 11, 1930) is an American politician who was a U.S. representative for districts in New York from 1971 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the second-longest serving incumbent member of the ...

, African-American politician * June 12 ** Jim Nabors, American actor, musician and comedian (d.

) **

Son Sen Son Sen ( km, សុន សេន ; 12 June 1930 – 15 June 1997), alias Comrade Khieu () or "Brother Number 89", was a Cambodian Communist politician and soldier. A member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Kampuchea/Party ...

, Cambodian politician and war criminal (d.

) * June 16 –

Vilmos Zsigmond Vilmos Zsigmond ASC (; June 16, 1930 – January 1, 2016) was a Hungarian-American cinematographer. His work in cinematography helped shape the look of American movies in the 1970s, making him one of the leading figures in the American New Wav ...

, Hungarian-American cinematographer (d.

) *

June 19 Events Pre-1600 * 325 – The original Nicene Creed is adopted at the First Council of Nicaea. * 1179 – The Battle of Kalvskinnet takes place outside Nidaros (now Trondheim), Norway. Earl Erling Skakke is killed, and the battle chang ...

– Gena Rowlands, American actress *

June 20 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius' battles Attila the Hun. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory. *1180 – First Battle of Uji, starting ...

Magdalena Abakanowicz Marta Magdalena Abakanowicz-Kosmowska (20 June 1930 – 20 April 2017) was a Polish sculptor and fiber artist. She was known for her use of textiles as a sculptural medium and her outdoor installations. She is widely regarded as one of Poland ...

, Polish sculptor (d.

) **

Juan Alberto Melgar Castro Juan Alberto Melgar Castro (20 June 1930 – 2 December 1987) was a army officer in the Honduran military who served as the head of state of Honduras from 22 April 1975 to 7 August 1978, when he was removed from power by others in the military ...

, Honduran military ruler (d.

) *

June 21 Events Pre-1600 * 533 – A Byzantine expeditionary fleet under Belisarius sails from Constantinople to attack the Vandals in Africa, via Greece and Sicily (approximate date). * 1307 – Külüg Khan is enthroned as Khagan of the Mo ...

–

Gerald Kaufman Sir Gerald Bernard Kaufman (21 June 1930 – 26 February 2017) was a British politician and author who served as a minister throughout the Labour government of 1974 to 1979. Elected as a member of parliament (MP) at the 1970 general election, ...

, British Labour politician (d.

) * June 22 ** Yury Artyukhin, Russian cosmonaut (d.

) ** Sa'dun Hammadi, 33rd prime minister of Iraq (d.

) * June 23 ** John Elliott (historian), John Elliott, British historian (d.

) ** Anthony Thwaite, English poet, critic, and academic (d.

) * June 24 ** Claude Chabrol, French film director (d.

) ** Herb Klein (politician), Herb Klein, American businessman, attorney and politician * June 26 ** Wolfgang Schwanitz, German Leader of the Office for National Security, Head of the Stasi (d.

) ** Moeenuddin Ahmad Qureshi, Pakistani economist and caretaker prime minister (d.

) ** Jackie Fargo, American wrestler, trainer (d.

) * June 27 – Ross Perot, American computer billionaire, politician (d.

) * June 28 ** William C. Campbell (scientist), William C. Campbell, Irish-American biologist, parasitologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate ** Itamar Franco, President of Brazil (d.

) * June 29 ** Robert Evans, American producer (d.

) ** Viola Léger, American-Canadian actress and politician * June 30 ** Ignatius Peter VIII Abdalahad, Syrian bishop (d. 2018) **Thomas Sowell, American economist and social theorist ** Ahmed Zaki Yamani, Saudi Arabian politician (d.

)

July

Gonzálo Sánchez de Lozada-Agencia BrasilAntonio Cruz

* July 1 – Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada, Bolivian politician and businessman * July 2 ** Sylve Bengtsson, Swedish Olympic footballer (d. 2005) ** Ahmad Jamal, American jazz pianist and composer ** Carlos Menem, President of Argentina (d.

) * July 3 ** Carlos Kleiber, Austrian conductor (d. 2004) ** Ferdinando Riva, Swiss football forward (d. 2014) ** N. Venkatachala, Indian judge (d.

) *

** George Steinbrenner, American businessman and baseball team owner (d.

) ** Yuriy Tyukalov, Russian rower (d. 2018) * July 6 ** George Armstrong (ice hockey), George Armstrong, Canadian professional ice hockey player (d.

) ** Françoise Mallet-Joris, Belgian writer (d.

) ** M. Balamuralikrishna, Indian Carnatic vocalist, multi-instrumentalist, playback singer, composer and actor (d.

) *

** Theodore McCarrick, American Roman Catholic former cardinal ** Biljana Plavšić, Bosnian politician and war criminal * July 9 **Slavko Dacevski, Macedonian football player and manager ** Patricia Newcomb, American producer and publicist *

** Jack Alabaster, New Zealand cricketer ** Harold Bloom, American literary critic (d.

) * July 14 – Polly Bergen, American actress (d. 2014) * July 15 ** Einosuke Akiya, Japanese Buddhist leader ** Jacques Derrida, Algerian-born French literary critic (d. 2004) ** Stephen Smale, American mathematician * July 17 ** Sigvard Ericsson, Swedish speed skater (d.

) ** Ray Galton, English scriptwriter (d. 2018) ** Sir William Heseltine, Australian Private Secretary to Queen Elizabeth II *

– David Rubadiri, Malawian diplomat, academic, poet, playwright and novelist (d. 2018) * July 20 ** Alex Sánchez (footballer, born 1930), Alex Sánchez, Costa Rican football player ** Oleg Anofriyev, Soviet-Russian actor, singer, songwriter, film director and poet (d. 2018) * July 21 ** Gene Littler, American professional golfer (d.

) ** Helen Merrill, American jazz vocalist ** Anand Bakshi, Indian poet/lyricist (d.

) * July 24 – Jacqueline Brookes, American actress (d.

) * July 25 ** Murray Chapple, New Zealand cricketer (d. 1985) ** Maureen Forrester, Canadian contralto (d.

) ** Mitzi Shore, American comedy club owner (d. 2018) *

** Firoza Begum (singer), Firoza Begum, Bangladeshi singer (d. 2014) ** Jean Roba, Belgian comics author (d.

)

August

* August 1 ** Pierre Bourdieu, French sociologist (d.

) ** Lawrence Eagleburger, United States Secretary of State (d.

) ** Károly Grósz, 51st prime minister of Hungary (d. 1996) ** Geoffrey Holder, Trinidadian-American dancer, choreographer and actor (d. 2014) * August 4 ** Enrico Castellani, Italian painter (d.

) ** Ali al-Sistani, Iranian Shia Ayatollah * August 5 – Neil Armstrong, American astronaut, Apollo 11, first human to set foot on the Moon, commander of ''

'' (d. 2012) *

– Abbey Lincoln, American singer (d.

) *

** Carmen Balcells, Spanish literary agent (d.

) ** Jacques Parizeau, French-Canadian politician (d.

) * August 10 – Luigi De Filippo, Italian actor (d. 2018) *

– George Soros, Hungarian-born investor * August 13 – Don Ho, American singer and entertainer (d.

) * August 14 ** Earl Weaver, American professional baseball player and manager (baseball), manager (d.

) ** Liz Fraser, English actress (d. 2018) * August 15 – Tom Mboya, Kenyan trade unionist, educationist, Pan Africanist, author and independence activist (probable; d. 1969) *

** Robert Culp, American actor (d.

) ** Leslie Manigat, 34th President of Haiti (d. 2014) ** Flor Silvestre, Mexican singer, actress and equestrienne (d.

) ** Tony Trabert, American tennis player and commentator (d.

) * August 17 – Ted Hughes, English poet (d.

) * August 19 – Frank McCourt, Irish-American writer (d.

) * August 20 – Jan Olszewski, 3rd Prime Minister of Poland (d.

) * August 21 – Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon (d.

) * August 22 – Gylmar dos Santos Neves, Brazilian footballer (d.

) * August 23 – Michel Rocard, Prime Minister of France (d.

) * August 24 – Sultanah Bahiyah, Sultanah of Kedah (d.

) * August 25 ** Sir Sean Connery, Scottish actor (''James Bond'') (d.

) ** Georgiy Daneliya, Russian film director and screenwriter (d.

) *

– Gholamreza Takhti, Iranian wrestler (d.

) * August 28 ** Windsor Davies, Welsh actor (d.

) ** Ben Gazzara, American actor (d. 2012) **Irinej, Serbian Patriarch, 45th Patriarch of the Serbian Orthodox Church (d.

) * August 30 ** Warren Buffett, American billionaire entrepreneur ** Xernona Clayton, American civil rights activist and broadcasting executive ** Paul Poupard, French cardinal

September

Nobel Prize 2010-Press Conference KVA-DSC 7370

* September 1 – Charles Correa, Indian architect (d.

) * September 3 – Cherry Wilder, New Zealand novelist (d.

) * September 4 – Norman Dorsen, American civil rights activist (d.

) *

– Salvatore De Giorgi, Italian cardinal * September 7 ** King Baudouin I of Belgium (d. 1993) ** Sonny Rollins, African-American jazz saxophonist *

** Mario Adorf, German actor ** Jeannette Altwegg, English figure skater (d.

) * September 9 – Frank Lucas, African-American drug trafficker (d.

) * September 11 – Renzo Montagnani, Italian actor (d.

) *

– Akira Suzuki (chemist), Akira Suzuki, Japanese chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate * September 13 ** Bola Ige, Nigerian politician (d.

) ** Jimmy McLane, American Olympic swimmer (d.

) * September 16 – Anne Francis, American actress (d.

) *

** Marie-Thérèse Houphouët-Boigny, First Lady of Ivory Coast ** David Huddleston, American actor (''The Big Lebowski'') (d.

) ** Edgar Mitchell, American astronaut (d.

) ** Thomas P. Stafford, American astronaut *

– Kenneth Mopeli, Chief Minister of QwaQwa bantustan (d. 2014) * September 23 – Ray Charles, African-American singer, musician and actor (d. 2004) * September 24 – John Young (astronaut), John Young, American astronaut (d. 2018) * September 25 ** Elsa Aguirre, Mexican actress ** Shel Silverstein, American author, poet and humorist (d.

) * September 26 ** Philip Bosco, American actor (d. 2018) ** Fritz Wunderlich, German tenor singer (d. 1966) * September 29 ** Colin Dexter, English detective fiction writer (d.

) ** Richard Bonynge, Australian pianist and conductor

October

Michael Collins (S69-31742, restoration)

** Richard Harris, Irish actor, singer (d.

) ** Philippe Noiret, French actor (d.

) * October 2 – Dave Barrett, Canadian politician (d. 2018) * October 4 – Andrej Marinc, Slovenian politician *

** Pavel Popovich, Soviet cosmonaut (d.

) ** Reinhard Selten, German economist, Nobel Prize in Economics, Nobel Prize laureate (d.

)O'Connor, J J, and E F Robertson
"Reinhard Selten"
''www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk'', November 2010. Retrieved 2016-09-03. * October 6 ** Hafez al-Assad, President of Syria (d.

) ** Richie Benaud, Australian cricketer and commentator (d.

) * October 8 – Tōru Takemitsu, Japanese composer (d. 1996) * October 10 ** Yves Chauvin, Belgian-born chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (d.

) ** Harold Pinter, English playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2008) * October 14 ** Schafik Handal, Salvadoran politician (d.

) ** Mobutu Sese Seko, President of Democratic Republic of the Congo (d.

) * October 17 – Robert Atkins (nutritionist), Robert Atkins, American nutritionist (d.

) * October 18 – Frank Carlucci, American politician (d. 2018) * October 19 ** Ron Joyce, Canadian businessman (d.

) ** Jody Lawrance, American actress (d.

) * October 20 – Leila Seth, Indian judge (d.

) * October 24 ** Ahmad Shah of Pahang, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (d.

) ** The Big Bopper (J.P. Richardson), American singer (d. 1959) *

– Francisca Aguirre, Spanish poet (d.

) * October 28 – Bernie Ecclestone, English motor racing tycoon * October 29 ** Omara Portuondo, Cuban singer and dancer ** Niki de Saint Phalle, French artist (d.

) * October 30 ** Clifford Brown, American jazz trumpeter (d. 1956) ** Timothy Findley, Canadian author (d.

) * October 31 – Michael Collins (astronaut), Michael Collins, American astronaut (d.

)

November

Barack Obama greets Burton Richter and Mildred Dresselhaus (cropped)

* November 5 – Hans Mommsen, German historian (d.

) * November 6 – Derrick Bell, American law professor (d.

) * November 11 ** Mildred Dresselhaus, American scientist and educator (d.

) ** Mabandla Dlamini, 3rd prime minister of Swaziland ** Alevtina Kolchina, Soviet Olympic cross-country skier (d.

) * November 13 – Richard A. Falk, American academic * November 14 ** Monique Mercure, Canadian actress (d.

) ** Jānis Pujats, Latvian cardinal, Archbishop of Riga ** Ed White (astronaut), Ed White, American astronaut (d.

) * November 15 – J. G. Ballard, English writer (d.

) * November 16 ** Chinua Achebe, Nigerian writer (d.

) ** Salvatore Riina ("Toto"), Italian multiple murderer (d.

) *November 17 – Bob Mathias, American athlete (d.

) * November 18 – Jai Narain Prasad Nishad, Indian politician (d. 2018) * November 19 – Christian Schwarz-Schilling, Austrian-German politician and philanthropist * November 20 – Choe Yong-rim, North Korean politician * November 22 – Owen Garriott, American astronaut (d.

) * November 24 – Inge Feltrinelli, German-Italian publisher, photographer (d. 2018) * November 26 – Berthold Leibinger, German engineer, entrepreneur and philanthropist (d. 2018) * November 29 – David Goldblatt, South African photographer (d. 2018) * November 30 – G. Gordon Liddy, American organizer of the Watergate scandal, Watergate burglaries (d.

)

December

* December 2 – Gary Becker, American economist, Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2014) * December 3 – Jean-Luc Godard, French film director (d.

) * December 4 ** Ronnie Corbett, Scottish comedian (d.

) ** Jacqueline du Bief, French figure skater * December 6 – Daniel Lisulo, Prime Minister of Zambia (d.

) * December 7 – Christopher Nicole, Guyanese-born British writer * December 8 – Maximilian Schell, Swiss-Austrian actor (d. 2014) * December 9 ** Edoardo Sanguineti, Italian writer (d.

) ** Buck Henry, American actor, screenwriter, and director (d.

) * December 11 – Jean-Louis Trintignant, French actor and director (d.

) * December 12 – Silvio Santos, Brazilian TV show host, entrepreneur * December 15 ** Antonietta Meo, Italian saint (d. 1937) ** Edna O'Brien, Irish writer * December 17 – Armin Mueller-Stahl, Russian-born German actor *

– Anca Giurchescu, Romanian academic and Ethnochoreology, ethnochoreologist (d.

) * December 21 ** Adebayo Adedeji, Nigerian UN official (d. 2018) ** Kalevi Sorsa, Prime Minister of Finland (d. 2004) * December 25 – Salah Jahin, Egyptian poet, lyricist, playwright and cartoonist (d.

) * December 28 – Mariam A. Aleem, Egyptian artist (d.

) * December 30 ** Alvin "Seeco" Patterson, Alvin Peterson, Jamaican percussionist (d.

) ** Tu Youyou, Chinese pharmaceutical chemist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate * December 31 – Odetta, American singer (d. 2008)

Deaths

January – June

Bundesarchiv Bild 102-09414, Primo de Rivera

* January 8 – Martha Tynæs, Norwegian social worker and politician (b. 1870) * January 9 – Edward Bok, American author (b. 1863) * January 13 – John Nathan Cobb, American author, naturalist, conservationist, fisheries researcher, and educator (b. 1868) * January 19 – Frank Ramsey (mathematician), Frank Ramsey, British philosopher, mathematician and economist (b. 1903) * January 22 – Reginald Brett, 2nd Viscount Esher, British politician and courtier (b. 1852) *

– Rebecca Latimer Felton, American writer, lecturer, reformer, and politician (b. 1835) *

– Dewa Shigetō, Japanese admiral (b. 1856) * January 28 – Emmy Destinn, Czech operatic soprano (b. 1878) * February 3 ** Michele Bianchi, Italian fascist leader (b. 1883) ** Poseidon (horse), Poseidon, Australian racehorse (b. 1903) * February 14 – Thomas Mackenzie, Sir Thomas MacKenzie, New Zealand politician, explorer, 18th Prime Minister of New Zealand and High Commissioner (b. 1854) * February 15 – Giulio Douhet, Italian general, air power theorist (b. 1869) * February 21 – Ahmad Shah Qajar, Pahlavi dynasty, Shah of Persia (b. 1898) *

** Mabel Normand, American actress (b. 1892) ** Horst Wessel, Nazi ideologue, composer (b. 1907) * February 26 **Mary Whiton Calkins, American philosopher and psychologist (b. 1863) **Rafael Merry del Val, British-born Spanish Roman Catholic cardinal and Servant of God (b. 1865) *

– Perceval Maitland Laurence, Sir Perceval Maitland Laurence, British classical scholar, South African judge and a benefactor of the University of Cambridge (b. 1854) *

– D. H. Lawrence, British writer (''Lady Chatterley's Lover'') (b. 1885) *

– Alfred von Tirpitz, German politician, admiral (b. 1848) * March 8 – William Howard Taft, 27th President of the United States, 10th Chief Justice of the United States (b. 1857) * March 12 – William George Barker, Canadian pilot (b. 1894) * March 13 – Mary Eleanor Wilkins Freeman, American author (b. 1852) * March 16 – Miguel Primo de Rivera, Spanish military officer, Prime Minister of Spain (b. 1870) *

– Arthur Balfour, British politician and statesman, 48th Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1848) *

– Eugeen Van Mieghem, Belgian painter (b. 1875) *

– Sister Christine, German-born Hindu teacher *

– Shyamji Krishna Varma, Indian lawyer, journalist and revolutionary (b. 1857) *

– Cosima Wagner, wife and inspiration of Richard Wagner (b. 1837) * April 2 – Empress Zewditu of Ethiopia (b. 1876) *

– Emma Albani, Dame Emma Albani, Canadian operatic soprano (b. 1847) * April 4 – Victoria of Baden, Queen consort of Sweden (b. 1862) *

– Dimitrije, Serbian Patriarch (b. 1846) * April 9 – Rose Caron, French operatic soprano (b. 1857) *

– Vladimir Mayakovsky, Russian poet (b. 1893) *

– Linda Richards, American nurse (b. 1841) *

– Robert Bridges, British poet (b. 1844) *

– Jeppe Aakjær, Danish poet, novelist (b. 1866) * May 8 – Patriarch George V of Armenia (b. 1847) * May 13 – Fridtjof Nansen, Norwegian explorer, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1861) * May 17 – Herbert Croly, American political author (b. 1869) *

** Randall Davidson, English clergyman, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1848) ** Archduke Rainer of Austria (1895-1930), Archduke Rainer of Austria (b. 1895) * June 5 ** Sophie Holten, Danish painter (b. 1858) ** Eric Lemming, Swedish athlete (b. 1880) ** Jules Pascin, Bulgarian painter (b. 1885) * June 10 – Adolf von Harnack, German Lutheran theologian and church historian (b. 1851) * June 13 – Sir Henry Segrave, British racer, land and water speed record holder (b. 1896) * June 16 – Anna Whitlock, Swedish suffragist (b. 1852)

July– December

– Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, British fiction writer (''Sherlock Holmes'') (b. 1859) * July 8 – Sir Joseph Ward, 17th Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1856) *

– Masataka Ogawa, Japanese chemist (b. 1865) * July 15 ** Leopold Auer, Hungarian violinist (b. 1845) ** Rudolph Schildkraut, Ottoman-born Austrian actor (b. 1862) * July 16 – Juan Luis Sanfuentes, 16th President of Chile (b. 1858) *

** Sir Robert Stout, 2-time prime minister of New Zealand (b. 1844) ** Oku Yasukata, Japanese field marshal, leading figure in the early Imperial Japanese Army (b. 1847) * July 23 – Glenn Curtiss, American aviation pioneer (b. 1878) * July 26 – Pavlos Karolidis, Greek historian (b. 1849) *

– Allvar Gullstrand, Swedish ophthalmologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1862) * August 4 – Siegfried Wagner, German composer and conductor, son of Richard Wagner (born 1869) * August 11 – Edward Angle, American dentist (b. 1855) *

– Sir Horace Smith-Dorrien, English general (b. 1858) * August 15 – Florian Cajori, Swiss-born historian of mathematics (b. 1859) * August 21 – Sir Aston Webb, British architect (b. 1849) * August 24 – Tom Norman, British freak show, freak showman (b. 1860) * August 26 – Lon Chaney, American actor (b. 1883) * August 29 – William Archibald Spooner, British scholar, Anglican priest (b. 1844) * September 1 – Peeter Põld, Estonian pedagogical scientist, politician (b. 1878) * September 10 – Aubrey Faulkner, South African cricketer (b. 1881) * September 18 – Ruth Alexander, pioneering American pilot (b. 1905) *

– Gombojab Tsybikov, Russian explorer (b. 1873) * September 28 ** Daniel Guggenheim, American mining magnate and philanthropist (b. 1856) ** Prince Leopold of Bavaria, German prince and field marshal (b. 1846) * September 30 – Albert W. Grant, American admiral (b. 1856) * October 2 – Gordon Stewart Northcott, American serial killer (executed) (b. 1906) * October 4 – Olena Pchilka, Ukrainian writer, translator and publisher (b. 1849) * October 10 – Adolf Engler, German botanist (b. 1844) * October 15 – Herbert Henry Dow, Canadian-born chemical industrialist (b. 1866) * October 16 – James Surtees Phillpotts, English writer and educator (b. 1839) * October 20 – Valeriano Weyler, 1st Duke of Rubí, Spanish general (b. 1838) * October 26 – Harry Payne Whitney, American horse breeder and businessman (b. 1872) *

– Ellen Hayes, American mathematician and astronomer (b. 1851) * October 28 – Mary Harrison McKee, ''de facto'' First Lady of the United States (b. 1858) * October 30 – Sakichi Toyoda, Japanese inventor, industrialist (b. 1867) * November – Alfred Wegener, German geophysicist, meteorologist (b. 1880) *

– Nikolai Alexandrov (actor), Nikolai Alexandrov, Soviet actor and director (b. 1870) * November 4 – Akiyama Yoshifuru, Japanese general (b. 1859) * November 5 ** Christiaan Eijkman, Dutch physician, pathologist, and recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1858) ** Luigi Facta, Italian politician, 26th Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1861) * November 8 – Alexander Bedward, Jamaican preacher (b. 1848) * November 9 – Tasker H. Bliss, American general (b. 1853) * November 20 – Sir Neville Howse, Australian politician and recipient of the Victoria Cross (b. 1863) * November 21 – Clelia Merloni, Italian nun and founder of the Apostles of the Sacred Heart of Jesus * November 26 – Sir Ponnambalam Ramanathan, Sinhalese lawyer and politician (b. 1851) * November 27 ** Johnny Tyldesley, English cricketer (b. 1873) ** Simon Kahquados, Potawatomi political activist (b. 1851) * November 28 – Constantine VI of Constantinople, Constantine VI, Turkish-born bishop, briefly Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (b. 1859) * November 30 – Mary Harris Jones, Irish-born American labor leader (b. 1837) * December 8 – Florbela Espanca, Portuguese poet (b. 1894) * December 9 ** Rube Foster, Andrew "Rube" Foster, American Negro league baseball player (b. 1879) ** Laura Muntz Lyall, Canadian painter (b. 1860) * December 12 – Nikolai Pokrovsky, Russian politician, last foreign minister of the Russian Empire (b. 1865) * December 13 – Fritz Pregl, Austrian chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1869) * December 17 – Peter Warlock, British composer (b. 1894) * December 22 – Vintilă Brătianu, 31st Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1867) * December 25 – Eugen Goldstein, German physicist (b. 1850)

Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Hans Fischer * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine – Karl Landsteiner * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Sinclair Lewis * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Nathan Söderblom

References

Sources

The 1930s Timeline: 1930
– from American Studies Programs at The University of Virginia {{DEFAULTSORT:1930 1930,