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January

* January – British
bacteriologist A bacteriologist is a microbiologist, or similarly trained professional, in bacteriology -- a subdivision of microbiology that studies bacteria, typically pathogenic ones. Bacteriologists are interested in studying and learning about bacteria, ...
Frederick Griffith reports the results of Griffith's experiment, indirectly proving the existence of DNA. *
January 1 January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the ye ...
Eastern Bloc emigration and defection: Boris Bazhanov,
Joseph Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; – 5 March 1953) was a Georgian revolutionary and Soviet Union, Soviet political leader who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953. He held power as Ge ...
's personal secretary, crosses the border to
Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...
to defect from the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
. *
January 17 Events Pre-1600 * 38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey. * 1362 – Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 people ...
– The
OGPU The Joint State Political Directorate (OGPU; russian: Объединённое государственное политическое управление) was the intelligence and state security service and secret police of the Soviet Union f ...
arrests
Leon Trotsky Lev Davidovich Bronstein. ( – 21 August 1940), better known as Leon Trotsky; uk, link= no, Лев Давидович Троцький; also transliterated ''Lyev'', ''Trotski'', ''Trotskij'', ''Trockij'' and ''Trotzky''. (), was a Russian ...
in Moscow; he assumes a status of passive resistance and is exiled with his family. *
January 26 Events Pre-1600 * 661 – The Rashidun Caliphate is effectively ended with the assassination of Ali, the last caliph. * 1531 – The 6.4–7.1 Lisbon earthquake kills about thirty thousand people. * 1564 – The Council of T ...
– The
volcanic island Geologically, a high island or volcanic island is an island of volcanic origin. The term can be used to distinguish such islands from low islands, which are formed from sedimentation or the uplifting of coral reefs (which have often formed ...
Anak Krakatau appears.


February

* February – The Ford River Rouge Complex at
Dearborn, Michigan Dearborn is a city in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan. At the 2020 census, it had a population of 109,976. Dearborn is the seventh most-populated city in Michigan and is home to the largest Muslim population in the United States per ...
, an automobile plant begun in 1917, is completed as the world's largest integrated factory. *
February 8 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Constantius III becomes co-Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 1238 – The Mongols burn the Russian city of Vladimir. * 1250 – Seventh Crusade: Crusaders engage Ayyubid forces in the Battle of ...
– Scottish inventor
John Logie Baird John Logie Baird FRSE (; 13 August 188814 June 1946) was a Scottish inventor, electrical engineer, and innovator who demonstrated the world's first live working television system on 26 January 1926. He went on to invent the first publicly dem ...
broadcasts a transatlantic television signal from London to
Hartsdale, New York Hartsdale is a hamlet located in the town of Greenburgh, Westchester County, New York, United States. The population was 5,293 at the 2010 census. It is a suburb of New York City. History Hartsdale, a CDP/hamlet/post-office in the town of Green ...
. *
February 11 Events Pre-1600 *660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. * 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman empire, on the eve of his coming ...
19 – The
1928 Winter Olympics The 1928 Winter Olympics, officially known as the II Olympic Winter Games (french: IIes Jeux olympiques d'hiver; german: II. Olympische Winterspiele; it, II Giochi olimpici invernali; rm, II Gieus olimpics d'enviern) and commonly known as St. M ...
are held in St. Moritz, Switzerland, the first as a separate event.
Sonja Henie Sonja Henie (8 April 1912 – 12 October 1969) was a Norwegian figure skater and film star. She was a three-time Olympic champion (1928, 1932, 1936) in women's singles, a ten-time World champion (1927–1936) and a six-time European champio ...
of Norway wins her first
gold medal A gold medal is a medal awarded for highest achievement in a non-military field. Its name derives from the use of at least a fraction of gold in form of plating or alloying in its manufacture. Since the eighteenth century, gold medals have be ...
, in women's
figure skating Figure skating is a sport in which individuals, pairs, or groups perform on figure skates on ice. It was the first winter sport to be included in the Olympic Games, when contested at the 1908 Olympics in London. The Olympic disciplines are me ...
. *
February 20 Events Pre-1600 *1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated. * 1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawned by Norway to Scotlan ...
– The Japanese general election produces a hung parliament. *
February 25 Events Pre-1600 *138 – Roman emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius as his son, effectively making him his successor. * 628 – Khosrow II, the last great Shah of the Sasanian Empire (Iran), is overthrown by his son Kavadh II. * ...
Charles Jenkins Laboratories Charles Jenkins Laboratories was founded in by Charles Francis Jenkins, developer of the Phantoscope, the first commercial tv station W3XK and the first commercial television company. History Charles Francis Jenkins in 1890 moved to Washingto ...
of Washington, D.C., becomes the first holder of a television license from the
Federal Radio Commission The Federal Radio Commission (FRC) was a government agency that regulated United States radio communication from its creation in 1927 until 1934, when it was succeeded by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). The FRC was established by t ...
.


March

*
March 15 Events Pre-1600 * 474 BC – Roman consul Aulus Manlius Vulso celebrates an ovation for concluding the war against Veii and securing a forty years' truce. * 44 BC – The assassination of Julius Caesar takes place. * 493 &ndash ...
**
March 15 incident The was a crackdown on socialists and communists by the Japanese government in 1928. Among those who were arrested in the incident was the Marxist economist Kawakami Hajime. Background Although the Japan Communist Party had been outlawed and for ...
: The Japanese government cracks down on socialists and communists, arresting over 1000 people. ** Chinese warlord
Shi Yousan Shi Yousan () (1891 – December 12, 1940) was a KMT general who defected to, and subsequently betrayed, Feng Yuxiang, Chiang Kai-shek, Wang Jingwei, Zhang Xueliang, the Chinese Communist Party, and Japan, in that order. In 1928, his t ...
sets fire to the Shaolin Monastery in
Henan Henan (; or ; ; alternatively Honan) is a landlocked province of China, in the central part of the country. Henan is often referred to as Zhongyuan or Zhongzhou (), which literally means "central plain" or "midland", although the name is a ...
, destroying some of its ancient structures and artifacts. *
March 21 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: King Vitiges attempts to assault the northern and eastern city walls, but is repulsed at the Praenestine Gate, known as the ''Vivarium'', by the defenders under the Byzantine generals Bessas an ...
Charles Lindbergh Charles Augustus Lindbergh (February 4, 1902 – August 26, 1974) was an American aviator, military officer, author, inventor, and activist. On May 20–21, 1927, Lindbergh made the first nonstop flight from New York City to Paris, a distance o ...
is presented with the
Medal of Honor The Medal of Honor (MOH) is the United States Armed Forces' highest military decoration and is awarded to recognize American soldiers, sailors, marines, airmen, guardians and coast guardsmen who have distinguished themselves by acts of val ...
for his first
transatlantic flight A transatlantic flight is the flight of an aircraft across the Atlantic Ocean from Europe, Africa, South Asia, or the Middle East to North America, Central America, or South America, or ''vice versa''. Such flights have been made by fixed-wing air ...
. *
March 22 Events Pre-1600 * 106 – Start of the Bostran era, the calendar of the province of Arabia Petraea. * 235 – Roman emperor Severus Alexander is murdered, marking the start of the Crisis of the Third Century. * 871 – Æthelr ...
– The
Muslim Brotherhood The Society of the Muslim Brothers ( ar, جماعة الإخوان المسلمين'' ''), better known as the Muslim Brotherhood ( '), is a transnational Sunni Islamist organization founded in Egypt by Islamic studies, Islamic scholar and scho ...
is founded in Egypt by
Islamic scholar In Islam, the ''ulama'' (; ar, علماء ', singular ', "scholar", literally "the learned ones", also spelled ''ulema''; feminine: ''alimah'' ingularand ''aalimath'' lural are the guardians, transmitters, and interpreters of religious ...
and schoolteacher
Hassan al-Banna Sheikh Hassan Ahmed Abdel Rahman Muhammed al-Banna ( ar, حسن أحمد عبد الرحمن محمد البنا; 14 October 1906 – 12 February 1949), known as Hassan al-Banna ( ar, حسن البنا), was an Egyptian schoolteacher and imam, b ...
. *
March 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1199 – King Richard I of England is wounded by a crossbow bolt while fighting in France, leading to his death on April 6. *1387 – English victory over a Franco- Castilian-Flemish fleet in the Battle of Margate o ...
– Excavation work begins after the old
Canaan Canaan (; Phoenician: 𐤊𐤍𐤏𐤍 – ; he, כְּנַעַן – , in pausa – ; grc-bib, Χανααν – ;The current scholarly edition of the Greek Old Testament spells the word without any accents, cf. Septuaginta : id est Vetus T ...
ite city of
Ugarit ) , image =Ugarit Corbel.jpg , image_size=300 , alt = , caption = Entrance to the Royal Palace of Ugarit , map_type = Near East#Syria , map_alt = , map_size = 300 , relief=yes , location = Latakia Governorate, Syria , region = ...
is accidentally rediscovered.


April

*
April 10 Events Pre-1600 * 428 – Nestorius becomes the Patriarch of Constantinople. * 837 – Halley's Comet makes its closest approach to Earth at a distance equal to 0.0342 AU (5.1 million kilometres/3.2 million miles). * 1407 ...
– '' Pineapple Primary'': The United States
Republican Party Republican Party is a name used by many political parties around the world, though the term most commonly refers to the United States' Republican Party. Republican Party may also refer to: Africa * Republican Party (Liberia) *Republican Party ...
primary elections in Chicago are preceded by violence, bombings and assassination attempts (two politicians are killed, Octavius C. Granady and Giuseppe Esposito). *
April 12 Events Pre-1600 * 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I. * 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to ...
– A bomb attack against Italian Fascist leader
Benito Mussolini Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (; 29 July 188328 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who founded and led the National Fascist Party. He was Prime Minister of Italy from the March on Rome in 1922 until his deposition in ...
in Milan kills 17 bystanders. *
April 13 Events Pre-1600 * 1111 – Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. * 1204 – Constantinople falls to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, temporarily ending the Byzantine Empire. 1601–1900 *1612 – In one of the epic samurai ...
– The West Plains, Missouri Dance Hall explosion occurs. *
April 12 Events Pre-1600 * 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I. * 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to ...
14 – The first east–west
transatlantic flight A transatlantic flight is the flight of an aircraft across the Atlantic Ocean from Europe, Africa, South Asia, or the Middle East to North America, Central America, or South America, or ''vice versa''. Such flights have been made by fixed-wing air ...
by aeroplane takes place from
Dublin Dublin (; , or ) is the capital and largest city of Ireland. On a bay at the mouth of the River Liffey, it is in the province of Leinster, bordered on the south by the Dublin Mountains, a part of the Wicklow Mountains range. At the 2016 ...
, Ireland, to
Greenly Island, Canada Greenly Island ( French, ''Île Greenly'') is an island in Blanc-Sablon, Quebec, Canada, near the border of Newfoundland and Labrador, in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence at the southwestern end of Strait of Belle Isle. The rocky surface of Greenly Isl ...
, using the German
Junkers W 33 The Junkers W 33 was a German 1920s single-engine low-wing monoplane transport aircraft that followed Junkers standard practice making extensive use of corrugated aluminium alloy over an aluminium alloy tube frame, that was developed from the s ...
''
Bremen Bremen ( Low German also: ''Breem'' or ''Bräm''), officially the City Municipality of Bremen (german: Stadtgemeinde Bremen, ), is the capital of the German state Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (''Freie Hansestadt Bremen''), a two-city-state cons ...
''. *
April 14 Events Pre-1600 * 43 BC – Legions loyal to the Roman Senate, commanded by Gaius Pansa, defeat the forces of Mark Antony in the Battle of Forum Gallorum. * 69 – Vitellius, commanding Rhine-based armies, defeats Roman emperor O ...
– An earthquake occurs in Chirpan,
Bulgaria Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedo ...
, followed four days later by another in
Plovdiv Plovdiv ( bg, Пловдив, ), is the second-largest city in Bulgaria, standing on the banks of the Maritsa river in the historical region of Thrace. It has a population of 346,893 and 675,000 in the greater metropolitan area. Plovdiv is the ...
. Between them, they destroy more than 21,000 buildings, and kill almost 130 people. *
April 19 Events Pre-1600 * AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested. * 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persi ...
– The last section ("wise – wyze") of the original ''
Oxford English Dictionary The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' (''OED'') is the first and foundational historical dictionary of the English language, published by Oxford University Press (OUP). It traces the historical development of the English language, providing a c ...
'' is completed and published. * April 22 – An Ms 6.0 earthquake affects southern Greece with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (''Violent''), leaving 20 dead, and destroying 3,000 homes in
Corinth Corinth ( ; el, Κόρινθος, Kórinthos, ) is the successor to an ancient city, and is a former municipality in Corinthia, Peloponnese, which is located in south-central Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform, it has been part ...
; a non-destructive tsunami is also observed. *
April 28 Events Pre-1600 * 224 – The Battle of Hormozdgan is fought. Ardashir I defeats and kills Artabanus V effectively ending the Parthian Empire. * 357 – Emperor Constantius II enters Rome for the first time to celebrate his victory ...
– 28 inches of snow fall in southern-central Pennsylvania, United States.


May

*
May 3 Events Pre-1600 * 752 – Mayan king Bird Jaguar IV of Yaxchilan in modern-day Chiapas, Mexico, assumes the throne. * 1481 – The largest of three earthquakes strikes the island of Rhodes and causes an estimated 30,000 casualties. ...
Jinan incident: An armed conflict between the
Imperial Japanese Army The was the official ground-based armed force of the Empire of Japan from 1868 to 1945. It was controlled by the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff Office and the Ministry of the Army, both of which were nominally subordinate to the Emper ...
(allied with Northern Chinese warlords) and the
Kuomintang The Kuomintang (KMT), also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD), the Nationalist Party of China (NPC) or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP), is a major political party in the Republic of China, initially on the Chinese mainland and in Ta ...
's southern army occurs in
Jinan Jinan (), Postal Map Romanization, alternately romanization of Chinese, romanized as Tsinan, is the Capital (political), capital of Shandong province in East China, Eastern China. With a population of 9.2 million, it is the second-largest city i ...
, China. *
May 7 Events Pre-1600 * 351 – The Jewish revolt against Constantius Gallus breaks out after his arrival at Antioch. * 558 – In Constantinople, the dome of the Hagia Sophia collapses, twenty years after its construction. Justinian I imm ...
– Passage of the
Representation of the People Act Representation of the People Act is a stock short title used in Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Ghana, Grenada, Guyana, India, Jamaica, Mauritius, Pakistan, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and To ...
in the United Kingdom lowers the voting age for women from 30 to 21, giving them equal suffrage with men from
July 2 Events Pre-1600 * 437 – Emperor Valentinian III begins his reign over the Western Roman Empire. His mother Galla Placidia ends her regency, but continues to exercise political influence at the court in Rome. * 626 – Li Shimin, t ...
. *
May 10 Events Pre-1600 * 28 BC – A sunspot is observed by Han dynasty astronomers during the reign of Emperor Cheng of Han, one of the earliest dated sunspot observations in China. * 1291 – Scottish nobles recognize the authority of ...
– The first regular schedule of television programming begins in
Schenectady Schenectady () is a city in Schenectady County, New York, United States, of which it is the county seat. As of the 2020 census, the city's population of 67,047 made it the state's ninth-largest city by population. The city is in eastern New Y ...
, New York, by
General Electric General Electric Company (GE) is an American multinational conglomerate founded in 1892, and incorporated in New York state and headquartered in Boston. The company operated in sectors including healthcare, aviation, power, renewable ene ...
's television station W2XB (the station is popularly known as WGY Television, after its sister radio station WGY). * May 15 – The
animated short Animation is a method by which still figures are manipulated to appear as moving images. In traditional animation, images are drawn or painted by hand on transparent celluloid sheets to be photographed and exhibited on film. Today, most ani ...
'' Plane Crazy'' is released by
Disney Studios The Walt Disney Studios is an American film and entertainment studio, and is the Studios Content segment of the Walt Disney Company. Based mainly at the namesake studio lot in Burbank, California, the studio is best known for its multifaceted ...
in Los Angeles, featuring the first appearances of
Mickey Mickey is a given name and nickname, almost always masculine and often a short form (hypocorism) of Michael, and occasionally a surname. Notable people and characters with the name include: People Given name or nickname Men * Mickey Andrews (bor ...
and
Minnie Mouse Minnie Mouse is a cartoon character created by The Walt Disney Company. As the longtime sweetheart of Mickey Mouse, she is an anthropomorphic mouse with white gloves, a bow, polka-dotted dress, white bloomers, and low-heeled shoes occasional ...
(in a non-distributed film). *
May 23 Events Pre-1600 * 1430 – Joan of Arc is captured at the Siege of Compiègne by troops from the Burgundian faction. *1498 – Girolamo Savonarola is burned at the stake in Florence, Italy. * 1533 – The marriage of King Henry VI ...
– A bomb attack against the Italian consulate in
Buenos Aires Buenos Aires ( or ; ), officially the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires ( es, link=no, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires), is the capital and primate city of Argentina. The city is located on the western shore of the Río de la Plata, on South ...
, Argentina, kills 22 and injures 43. *
May 24 Events Pre-1600 * 919 – The nobles of Franconia and Saxony elect Henry the Fowler at the Imperial Diet in Fritzlar as king of the East Frankish Kingdom. * 1218 – The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt. * 1276 – Magnus ...
– The airship ''Italia'' crashes at the
North Pole The North Pole, also known as the Geographic North Pole or Terrestrial North Pole, is the point in the Northern Hemisphere where the Earth's axis of rotation meets its surface. It is called the True North Pole to distinguish from the Ma ...
; one of the occupants is Italian general
Umberto Nobile Umberto Nobile (; 21 January 1885 – 30 July 1978) was an Italian aviator, aeronautical engineer and Arctic explorer. Nobile was a developer and promoter of semi-rigid airships in the years between the two World Wars. He is primarily remembe ...
. A rescue expedition leaves for the Pole on
May 30 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus and his Roman legions breach the Second Wall of Jerusalem. Jewish defenders retreat to the First Wall. The Romans build a circumvallation, cutting down all trees within fifteen kilometre ...
. *
May 30 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus and his Roman legions breach the Second Wall of Jerusalem. Jewish defenders retreat to the First Wall. The Romans build a circumvallation, cutting down all trees within fifteen kilometre ...
– Rookie driver Louis Meyer wins his first
Indianapolis 500 The Indianapolis 500, formally known as the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, and commonly called the Indy 500, is an annual automobile race held at Indianapolis Motor Speedway (IMS) in Speedway, Indiana, United States, an enclave suburb of Indi ...
(he will win that race again, in
1933 Events January * January 11 – Sir Charles Kingsford Smith makes the first commercial flight between Australia and New Zealand. * January 17 – The United States Congress votes in favour of Philippines independence, against the wis ...
and
1936 Events January–February * January 20 – George V of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India, dies at his Sandringham Estate. The Prince of Wales succeeds to the throne of the United Kingdom as King E ...
). *
May 31 Events Pre-1600 * 455 – Emperor Petronius Maximus is stoned to death by an angry mob while fleeing Rome. * 1223 – Mongol invasion of the Cumans: Battle of the Kalka River: Mongol armies of Genghis Khan led by Subutai defeat K ...
– South Africa adopts a new national flag, based upon the Van Riebeeck flag or Prinsevlag (originally the Dutch flag), to replace the Red Ensign. It later became infamously known as the "
apartheid Apartheid (, especially South African English: , ; , "aparthood") was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia) from 1948 to the early 1990s. Apartheid was ...
flag A flag is a piece of fabric (most often rectangular or quadrilateral) with a distinctive design and colours. It is used as a symbol, a signalling device, or for decoration. The term ''flag'' is also used to refer to the graphic design empl ...
".


June

*
June 4 Events Pre-1600 *1411 – King Charles VI granted a monopoly for the ripening of Roquefort cheese to the people of Roquefort-sur-Soulzon as they had been doing for centuries. * 1561 – The steeple of St Paul's, the medieval cathedr ...
Huanggutun incident:
Zhang Zuolin Zhang Zuolin (; March 19, 1875 June 4, 1928), courtesy name Yuting (雨亭), nicknamed Zhang Laogang (張老疙瘩), was an influential Chinese bandit, soldier, and warlord during the Warlord Era in China. The warlord of Manchuria from 1916 to ...
, a warlord, is killed by Japanese agents in China. *
June 8 Events Pre-1600 * 218 – Battle of Antioch: With the support of the Syrian legions, Elagabalus defeats the forces of emperor Macrinus. * 452 – Attila leads a Hun army in the invasion of Italy, devastating the northern provinces ...
– By seizing
Beijing } Beijing ( ; ; ), Chinese postal romanization, alternatively romanized as Peking ( ), is the Capital city, capital of the China, People's Republic of China. It is the center of power and development of the country. Beijing is the world's Li ...
and renaming it Běipíng, the
National Revolutionary Army The National Revolutionary Army (NRA; ), sometimes shortened to Revolutionary Army () before 1928, and as National Army () after 1928, was the military arm of the Kuomintang (KMT, or the Chinese Nationalist Party) from 1925 until 1947 in China ...
puts an end to the '
Fengtian Fengtian (; postal: Fengtien; Manchu: ''Abkai imiyangga fu'') is: * Shenyang, largest city and provincial capital of Liaoning province, which was formerly administered under Fengtian Fu, which was abolished in 1910 * Liaoning, the province formerl ...
warlords A warlord is a person who exercises military, economic, and political control over a region in a country without a strong national government; largely because of coercive control over the armed forces. Warlords have existed throughout much of h ...
'
Beiyang government The Beiyang government (), officially the Republic of China (), sometimes spelled Peiyang Government, refers to the government of the Republic of China which sat in its capital Peking (Beijing) between 1912 and 1928. It was internationally ...
there. *
June 9 Events Pre-1600 *411 BC – The Athenian coup succeeds, forming a short-lived oligarchy. * 53 – The Roman emperor Nero marries Claudia Octavia. * 68 – Nero dies by suicide after quoting Vergil's ''Aeneid'', thus ending th ...
** Australian aviator
Charles Kingsford Smith Sir Charles Edward Kingsford Smith (9 February 18978 November 1935), nicknamed Smithy, was an Australian aviation pioneer. He piloted the first transpacific flight and the first flight between Australia and New Zealand. Kingsford Smith was b ...
and his crew complete the first flight across the
Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the conti ...
, from the mainland United States to Australia, in the Fokker F.VII aircraft ''
Southern Cross Crux () is a constellation of the southern sky that is centred on four bright stars in a cross-shaped asterism commonly known as the Southern Cross. It lies on the southern end of the Milky Way's visible band. The name ''Crux'' is Latin for ...
''. Having left
Oakland, California Oakland is the largest city and the county seat of Alameda County, California, United States. A major West Coast port, Oakland is the largest city in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area, the third largest city overall in the ...
on
May 31 Events Pre-1600 * 455 – Emperor Petronius Maximus is stoned to death by an angry mob while fleeing Rome. * 1223 – Mongol invasion of the Cumans: Battle of the Kalka River: Mongol armies of Genghis Khan led by Subutai defeat K ...
, they reach
Brisbane Brisbane ( ) is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of Queensland, and the third-most populous city in Australia and Oceania, with a population of approximately 2.6 million. Brisbane lies at the centre of the South ...
via
Honolulu Honolulu (; ) is the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of Hawaii, which is in the Pacific Ocean. It is an unincorporated county seat of the consolidated City and County of Honolulu, situated along the southeast coast of the isla ...
and
Fiji Fiji ( , ,; fj, Viti, ; Fiji Hindi: फ़िजी, ''Fijī''), officially the Republic of Fiji, is an island country in Melanesia, part of Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean. It lies about north-northeast of New Zealand. Fiji consis ...
. **
Ellis Park Stadium Ellis Park Stadium (known as Emirates Airline Park for sponsorship reasons) is a rugby union and association football stadium in the city of Johannesburg, Gauteng Province, South Africa. It hosted the final of the 1995 Rugby World Cup, which was ...
, a well-known sport venue of
South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring coun ...
, officially opens in
Johannesburg Johannesburg ( , , ; Zulu language, Zulu and xh, eGoli ), colloquially known as Jozi, Joburg, or "The City of Gold", is the largest city in South Africa, classified as a Megacity#List of megacities, megacity, and is List of urban areas by p ...
. * June 14 – Students take over the medical wing of Rosario University in
Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest ...
. *
June 17 Events Pre-1600 * 653 – Pope Martin I is arrested and taken to Constantinople, due to his opposition to monothelitism. *1242 – Following the Disputation of Paris, twenty-four carriage loads of Jewish religious manuscripts were bur ...
18 – Aviator
Amelia Earhart Amelia Mary Earhart ( , born July 24, 1897; disappeared July 2, 1937; declared dead January 5, 1939) was an American aviation pioneer and writer. Earhart was the first female aviator to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean. She set many oth ...
becomes the first woman to make a successful
transatlantic flight A transatlantic flight is the flight of an aircraft across the Atlantic Ocean from Europe, Africa, South Asia, or the Middle East to North America, Central America, or South America, or ''vice versa''. Such flights have been made by fixed-wing air ...
, as a passenger in a Fokker F.VIIb/3m piloted by
Wilmer Stultz Wilmer Lower Stultz (April 11, 1900 – July 1, 1929) was an aviator who made the first non-stop flight between New York City and Havana, Cuba. He died in a crash in 1929. Biography He was born in Williamsburg, Pennsylvania, on April 11, 1900. ...
, from
Newfoundland Newfoundland and Labrador (; french: Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador; frequently abbreviated as NL) is the easternmost province of Canada, in the country's Atlantic region. The province comprises the island of Newfoundland and the continental region ...
to Wales. *
June 20 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius' battles Attila the Hun. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory. *1180 – First Battle of Uji, starting ...
Puniša Račić Puniša Račić ( sr-cyr, Пуниша Рачић; 12 July 1886 – 16 October 1944) was a Montenegrin Serb leader and People's Radical Party (NRS) politician. He assassinated Croatian Peasant Party (HSS) representatives Pavle Radić and Đuro B ...
kills three opposition representatives in the
Yugoslavia Yugoslavia (; sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Jugoslavija, Југославија ; sl, Jugoslavija ; mk, Југославија ;; rup, Iugoslavia; hu, Jugoszlávia; rue, label= Pannonian Rusyn, Югославия, translit=Juhoslavij ...
n Parliament, and injures three others, in a gun attack. *
June 24 Events Pre-1600 *1312 BC – Mursili II launches a campaign against the Kingdom of Azzi-Hayasa. * 109 – Roman emperor Trajan inaugurates the Aqua Traiana, an aqueduct that channels water from Lake Bracciano, northwest of Rome. ...
– A Swedish aeroplane rescues some survivors of the Italian North Pole expedition, including Umberto Nobile. The Soviet icebreaker ''Krasin'' saves the rest
July 12 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – The armies of Titus attack the walls of Jerusalem after a six-month siege. Three days later they breach the walls, which enables the army to destroy the Second Temple. * 927 – King Constantine I ...
. *
June 28 Events Pre-1600 * 1098 – Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul at the battle of Antioch. * 1360 – Muhammed VI becomes the tenth Nasrid king of Granada after killing his brother-in-law Ismail II. * 1461 – ...
** The keel of the first 1,000 ft (300 m)-long
ocean liner An ocean liner is a passenger ship primarily used as a form of transportation across seas or oceans. Ocean liners may also carry cargo or mail, and may sometimes be used for other purposes (such as for pleasure cruises or as hospital ships). Ca ...
, '' Oceanic'', for the British
White Star Line The White Star Line was a British shipping company. Founded out of the remains of a defunct packet company, it gradually rose up to become one of the most prominent shipping lines in the world, providing passenger and cargo services between ...
, is laid by
Harland and Wolff Harland & Wolff is a British shipbuilding company based in Belfast, Northern Ireland. It specialises in ship repair, shipbuilding and offshore construction. Harland & Wolff is famous for having built the majority of the ocean liners for the W ...
in
Belfast Belfast ( , ; from ga, Béal Feirste , meaning 'mouth of the sand-bank ford') is the capital and largest city of Northern Ireland, standing on the banks of the River Lagan on the east coast. It is the 12th-largest city in the United Kingdom ...
; construction is delayed, and cancelled on 23 July
1929 This year marked the end of a period known in American history as the Roaring Twenties after the Wall Street Crash of 1929 ushered in a worldwide Great Depression. In the Americas, an agreement was brokered to end the Cristero War, a Catholic ...
. ** The
International Railway (New York–Ontario) The International Railway Company (IRC) was a transportation company formed in a 1902 merger between several Buffalo-area interurban and street railways. The city railways that merged were the ''West Side Street Railway'', the ''Crosstown Street ...
switches to one-man crews, for its trolleys in
Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by to ...
. *
June 29 Events Pre-1600 * 226 – Cao Rui succeeds his father as emperor of the Kingdom of Wei. *1149 – Raymond of Poitiers is defeated and killed at the Battle of Inab by Nur ad-Din Zangi. *1194 – Sverre is crowned King of Norway, ...
– At the
1928 Democratic National Convention The 1928 Democratic National Convention was held at Sam Houston Hall in Houston, Texas, June 26–28, 1928. Keynote speaker was Claude G. Bowers. The convention resulted in the nomination of Governor Alfred E. Smith of New York for presid ...
in
Houston Houston (; ) is the most populous city in Texas, the most populous city in the Southern United States, the fourth-most populous city in the United States, and the sixth-most populous city in North America, with a population of 2,304,580 ...
,
Governor of New York The governor of New York is the head of government of the U.S. state of New York. The governor is the head of the executive branch of New York's state government and the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces. The governor h ...
Al Smith Alfred Emanuel Smith (December 30, 1873 – October 4, 1944) was an American politician who served four terms as Governor of New York and was the Democratic Party's candidate for president in 1928. The son of an Irish-American mother and a Ci ...
becomes the first
Catholic The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
nominated by a major political party for President of the United States.


July

*
July 2 Events Pre-1600 * 437 – Emperor Valentinian III begins his reign over the Western Roman Empire. His mother Galla Placidia ends her regency, but continues to exercise political influence at the court in Rome. * 626 – Li Shimin, t ...
Charles Jenkins Laboratories Charles Jenkins Laboratories was founded in by Charles Francis Jenkins, developer of the Phantoscope, the first commercial tv station W3XK and the first commercial television company. History Charles Francis Jenkins in 1890 moved to Washingto ...
'
W3XK W3XK is widely regarded as the oldest television station in the United States. It was operated by Charles Jenkins of Charles Jenkins Laboratories from July 2, 1928 to 1934. It is believed to be the first station to broadcast to the general publ ...
station begins broadcasting on 6.42 MHz, using 48 lines. * July 3 – Scottish inventor
John Logie Baird John Logie Baird FRSE (; 13 August 188814 June 1946) was a Scottish inventor, electrical engineer, and innovator who demonstrated the world's first live working television system on 26 January 1926. He went on to invent the first publicly dem ...
demonstrates the world's first
colour television Color television or Colour television is a television transmission technology that includes color information for the picture, so the video image can be displayed in color on the television set. It improves on the monochrome or black-and-white t ...
transmission in Glasgow. *
July 7 Events Pre-1600 * 1124 – The city of Tyre falls to the Venetian Crusade after a siege of nineteen weeks. * 1456 – A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her execution. * 1520 – Spanish ''conquistad ...
– The first machine-sliced and machine-wrapped loaf of bread is sold in Chillicothe, Missouri, United States, using
Otto Frederick Rohwedder Otto Frederick Rohwedder (July 7, 1880 – November 8, 1960) was an American inventor and engineer who created the first automatic bread-slicing machine for commercial use. It was first used by the Chillicothe Baking Company. Early life and ed ...
's technology. * July 17José de León Toral assassinates
Álvaro Obregón Álvaro Obregón Salido (; 17 February 1880 – 17 July 1928) better known as Álvaro Obregón was a Sonoran-born general in the Mexican Revolution. A pragmatic centrist, natural soldier, and able politician, he became the 46th President of Me ...
, president-elect of Mexico. *
July 25 Events Pre-1600 * 306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops. * 315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge ...
– The United States recalls its troops from China. *
July 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1054 – Siward, Earl of Northumbria, invades Scotland and defeats Macbeth, King of Scotland, somewhere north of the Firth of Forth. * 1189 – Friedrich Barbarossa arrives at Niš, the capital of Serbian King Ste ...
Radclyffe Hall Marguerite Antonia Radclyffe Hall (12 August 1880 – 7 October 1943) was an English poet and author, best known for the novel ''The Well of Loneliness'', a groundbreaking work in lesbian literature. In adulthood, Hall often went by the name Jo ...
's highly controversial novel ''
The Well of Loneliness ''The Well of Loneliness'' is a lesbian novel by British author Radclyffe Hall that was first published in 1928 by Jonathan Cape. It follows the life of Stephen Gordon, an Englishwoman from an upper-class family whose " sexual inversion" (homo ...
'', with a theme of
lesbian A lesbian is a Homosexuality, homosexual woman.Zimmerman, p. 453. The word is also used for women in relation to their sexual identity or sexual behavior, regardless of sexual orientation, or as an adjective to characterize or associate n ...
love, is published in London, UK. * July 28
August 12 Events Pre-1600 *1099 – First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid forces led by Al-Afdal Shahanshah. This is considered the last engagement of the First Crusade. * 1121 – B ...
– The
1928 Summer Olympics The 1928 Summer Olympics ( nl, Olympische Zomerspelen 1928), officially known as the Games of the IX Olympiad ( nl, Spelen van de IXe Olympiade) and commonly known as Amsterdam 1928, was an international multi-sport event that was celebrated fro ...
are held in
Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the capital and most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population of 907,976 within the city proper, 1,558,755 in the urban ar ...
, opening with the lighting of the
Olympic flame The Olympic flame is a symbol used in the Olympic movement. It is also a symbol of continuity between ancient and modern games. Several months before the Olympic Games, the Olympic flame is lit at Olympia, Greece. This ceremony starts the Olymp ...
. Women's
athletics Athletics may refer to: Sports * Sport of athletics, a collection of sporting events that involve competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking ** Track and field, a sub-category of the above sport * Athletics (physical culture), competi ...
and
gymnastics Gymnastics is a type of sport that includes physical exercises requiring balance, strength, flexibility, agility, coordination, dedication and endurance. The movements involved in gymnastics contribute to the development of the arms, legs, s ...
debut at these games, and
discus throw The discus throw (), also known as disc throw, is a track and field event in which an athlete throws a heavy disc—called a discus—in an attempt to mark a farther distance than their competitors. It is an ancient sport, as demonstrated by th ...
er
Halina Konopacka Halina Konopacka (Leonarda Kazimiera Konopacka-Matuszewska-Szczerbińska) (26 February 1900 – 28 January 1989) was a Polish athlete. She won the discus throw event at the 1928 Summer Olympics, defeating American silver medal winner Lillian Cop ...
of Poland becomes the first female Olympic gold medal winner for a track or field event.
Coca-Cola Coca-Cola, or Coke, is a carbonated soft drink manufactured by the Coca-Cola Company. Originally marketed as a temperance bar, temperance drink and intended as a patent medicine, it was invented in the late 19th century by John Stith Pembe ...
enters Europe as sponsor of the games.


August

* August –
Margaret Mead Margaret Mead (December 16, 1901 – November 15, 1978) was an American cultural anthropologist who featured frequently as an author and speaker in the mass media during the 1960s and the 1970s. She earned her bachelor's degree at Barnard C ...
's influential
cultural anthropology Cultural anthropology is a branch of anthropology focused on the study of cultural variation among humans. It is in contrast to social anthropology, which perceives cultural variation as a subset of a posited anthropological constant. The portma ...
text, ''
Coming of Age in Samoa ''Coming of Age in Samoa: A Psychological Study of Primitive Youth for Western Civilisation'' is a 1928 book by American anthropologist Margaret Mead based upon her research and study of youth – primarily adolescent girls – on the island of ...
'', is published in the U.S. *
August 2 Events Pre-1600 * 338 BC – A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea, securing Macedonian hegemony in Greece and the Aegean. * 216 BC – The Carthaginian ...
– Italy and
Ethiopia Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the ...
sign the Italo-Ethiopian Treaty. *
August 16 Events Pre-1600 * 1 BC – Wang Mang consolidates his power in China and is declared marshal of state. Emperor Ai of Han, who died the previous day, had no heirs. * 942 – Start of the four-day Battle of al-Mada'in, between the Hamda ...
– Serial killer
Carl Panzram Charles "Carl" Panzram (June 28, 1891 – September 5, 1930) was an American serial killer, spree killer, mass murderer, rapist, child molester, arsonist, robber, thief, and burglar. In prison confessions and in his autobiography, Panzram ...
is arrested in Washington, D.C., for burglary. Later it will be discovered that he has committed multiple murders, rapes and other major crimes. * August 22
Al Smith Alfred Emanuel Smith (December 30, 1873 – October 4, 1944) was an American politician who served four terms as Governor of New York and was the Democratic Party's candidate for president in 1928. The son of an Irish-American mother and a Ci ...
accepts the Democratic nomination for the US presidential election, with ''WGY/W2XB'' simulcasting the event on radio and television. *
August 26 Events Pre-1600 * 683 – Yazid I's army kills 11,000 people of Medina including notable Sahabas in Battle of al-Harrah. *1071 – The Seljuq Turks defeat the Byzantine army at the Battle of Manzikert, and soon gain control of most ...
– In Scotland, May Donoghue finds the remains of a snail in her
ginger beer Traditional ginger beer is a sweetened and carbonated, usually non-alcoholic beverage. Historically it was produced by the natural fermentation of prepared ginger spice, yeast and sugar. Current ginger beers are often manufactured rather than ...
, leading to the landmark
negligence Negligence (Lat. ''negligentia'') is a failure to exercise appropriate and/or ethical ruled care expected to be exercised amongst specified circumstances. The area of tort law known as ''negligence'' involves harm caused by failing to act as ...
case '' Donoghue v Stevenson''. * August 27 – The
Kellogg–Briand Pact The Kellogg–Briand Pact or Pact of Paris – officially the General Treaty for Renunciation of War as an Instrument of National Policy – is a 1928 international agreement on peace in which signatory states promised not to use war to ...
is signed in Paris, the first treaty to outlaw aggressive war. *
August 29 Events Pre-1600 * 708 – Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708). * 870 – The city of Melite surrenders to an Aghlabid army following a siege, putting an end to Byzantine M ...
C.D. Motagua is founded as an
association football Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players who primarily use their feet to propel the ball around a rectangular field called a pitch. The objective of the game is ...
club in
Honduras Honduras, officially the Republic of Honduras, is a country in Central America. The republic of Honduras is bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the southwest by El Salvador, to the southeast by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Oce ...
. *
August 31 Events Pre-1600 * 1056 – After a sudden illness a few days previously, Byzantine Empress Theodora dies childless, thus ending the Macedonian dynasty. * 1057 – Abdication of Byzantine Emperor Michael VI Bringas after just one year ...
– ''
The Threepenny Opera ''The Threepenny Opera'' ( ) is a " play with music" by Bertolt Brecht, adapted from a translation by Elisabeth Hauptmann of John Gay's 18th-century English ballad opera, '' The Beggar's Opera'', and four ballads by François Villon, with mu ...
'' (german: Die Dreigroschenoper, links=no), by
Bertolt Brecht Eugen Berthold Friedrich Brecht (10 February 1898 – 14 August 1956), known professionally as Bertolt Brecht, was a German theatre practitioner, playwright, and poet. Coming of age during the Weimar Republic, he had his first successes as a p ...
and
Kurt Weill Kurt Julian Weill (March 2, 1900April 3, 1950) was a German-born American composer active from the 1920s in his native country, and in his later years in the United States. He was a leading composer for the stage who was best known for his fru ...
, opens at the
Theater am Schiffbauerdamm The ''Theater am Schiffbauerdamm'' () is a theatre building at the ''Schiffbauerdamm'' riverside in the Mitte district of Berlin, Germany, opened on 19 November 1892. Since 1954, it has been home to the Berliner Ensemble theatre company, found ...
, Berlin.


September

* September 1 – Ahmet Zogu, President of the
Albanian Republic Albanian may refer to: *Pertaining to Albania in Southeast Europe; in particular: **Albanians, an ethnic group native to the Balkans **Albanian language **Albanian culture ** Demographics of Albania, includes other ethnic groups within the countr ...
, declares the country to be a constitutional monarchy, the Albanian Kingdom, with himself as King Zog I. *
September 3 Events Pre-1600 *36 BC – In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompey, son of Pompey, thus ending Pompeian resistance to the Second Triumvirate. * 301 – San Marino, one of t ...
** Philo Farnsworth demonstrates to the press in
San Francisco San Francisco (; Spanish for " Saint Francis"), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Northern California. The city proper is the fourth most populous in California and 17t ...
the world's first working all-electronic television system, employing electronic scanning in both the pickup and display devices. ** Scotsman,
Alexander Fleming Sir Alexander Fleming (6 August 1881 – 11 March 1955) was a Scottish physician and microbiologist, best known for discovering the world's first broadly effective antibiotic substance, which he named penicillin. His discovery in 1928 of what ...
, at
St Mary's Hospital, London St Mary's Hospital is an NHS hospital in Paddington, in the City of Westminster, London, founded in 1845. Since the UK's first academic health science centre was created in 2008, it has been operated by Imperial College Healthcare NHS Tru ...
, accidentally rediscovers the
antibiotic An antibiotic is a type of antimicrobial substance active against bacteria. It is the most important type of antibacterial agent for fighting bacterial infections, and antibiotic medications are widely used in the treatment and prevention ...
Penicillin Penicillins (P, PCN or PEN) are a group of β-lactam antibiotics originally obtained from '' Penicillium'' moulds, principally '' P. chrysogenum'' and '' P. rubens''. Most penicillins in clinical use are synthesised by P. chrysogenum usin ...
. *
September 11 Events Pre-1600 * 9 – The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends: The Roman Empire suffers the greatest defeat of its history and the Rhine is established as the border between the Empire and the so-called barbarians for the next four hu ...
– ''The Queen's Messenger'' is the first melodrama broadcast by Ernst F. W. Alexanderson at W2XAD (
Schenectady, New York Schenectady () is a city in Schenectady County, New York, United States, of which it is the county seat. As of the 2020 census, the city's population of 67,047 made it the state's ninth-largest city by population. The city is in eastern New Yo ...
); WMAK ( Kenmore) begins broadcasting in
Buffalo, New York Buffalo is the second-largest city in the U.S. state of New York (behind only New York City) and the seat of Erie County. It is at the eastern end of Lake Erie, at the head of the Niagara River, and is across the Canadian border from Sou ...
. * September 12 – The Okeechobee hurricane hits
Guadeloupe Guadeloupe (; ; gcf, label= Antillean Creole, Gwadloup, ) is an archipelago and overseas department and region of France in the Caribbean. It consists of six inhabited islands— Basse-Terre, Grande-Terre, Marie-Galante, La Désirade, and ...
, killing 1,200 people. * September 15
Tich Freeman Alfred Percy "Tich" Freeman (17 May 1888 – 28 January 1965) was an English first-class cricketer. A leg spin bowler for Kent County Cricket Club and England, he is the only man to take 300 wickets in an English season, and is the second most ...
sets an all-time record, for the number of wickets taken in an English
cricket Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players on a field at the centre of which is a pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two bails balanced on three stumps. The batting side scores runs by st ...
season. * September 16 – The Okeechobee hurricane kills at least 2,500 people in
Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and ...
. *
September 25 Events Pre-1600 * 275 – For the last time, the Roman Senate chooses an emperor; they elect 75-year-old Marcus Claudius Tacitus. * 762 – Led by Muhammad al-Nafs al-Zakiyya, the Hasanid branch of the Alids begins the Alid Revolt ...
Paul and Joseph Galvin incorporate the Galvin Manufacturing Corporation (later known as
Motorola Motorola, Inc. () was an American multinational telecommunications company based in Schaumburg, Illinois, United States. After having lost $4.3 billion from 2007 to 2009, the company split into two independent public companies, Motorola ...
and
Freescale Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. was an American semiconductor manufacturer. It was created by the divestiture of the Semiconductor Products Sector of Motorola in 2004. Freescale focused their integrated circuit products on the automotive, embedd ...
). *
September 28 Events Pre-1600 *48 BC – Pompey disembarks at Pelusium upon arriving in Egypt, whereupon he is assassinated by order of King Ptolemy XIII. * 235 – Pope Pontian resigns. He is exiled to the mines of Sardinia, along with Hippolytu ...
– Scottish physician
Alexander Fleming Sir Alexander Fleming (6 August 1881 – 11 March 1955) was a Scottish physician and microbiologist, best known for discovering the world's first broadly effective antibiotic substance, which he named penicillin. His discovery in 1928 of what ...
observes a bacteria-killing mold growing in his laboratory, discovering what later becomes known as
penicillin Penicillins (P, PCN or PEN) are a group of β-lactam antibiotics originally obtained from '' Penicillium'' moulds, principally '' P. chrysogenum'' and '' P. rubens''. Most penicillins in clinical use are synthesised by P. chrysogenum usin ...
.


October

* October – The women's organisation '' Gruaja Shiqiptare'' is founded in Albania, with Princess Senije as its chair. *
October 1 Events Pre-1600 * 331 BC – Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. * 366 – Pope Damasus I is consecrated. * 959 – Edgar the Peaceful becomes king of all England, in succession to Eadw ...
Joseph Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; – 5 March 1953) was a Georgian revolutionary and Soviet Union, Soviet political leader who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953. He held power as Ge ...
launches the
first five-year plan The first five-year plan (russian: I пятилетний план, ) of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a list of economic goals, created by Communist Party General Secretary Joseph Stalin, based on his policy of socialism in ...
(1928–1932); the average nonfarm wage falls by 50% in the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
. *
October 2 Events Pre-1600 * 829 – Theophilos succeeds his father Michael II as Byzantine Emperor. * 939 – Battle of Andernach: Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, crushes a rebellion against his rule, by a coalition of Eberhard of Franconia and ...
**
Josemaría Escrivá Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer y Albás (9 January 1902 – 26 June 1975) was a Spanish Roman Catholic priest. He founded Opus Dei, an organization of laypeople and priests dedicated to the teaching that everyone is called to holiness ...
founds
Opus Dei Opus Dei, formally known as the Prelature of the Holy Cross and Opus Dei ( la, Praelatura Sanctae Crucis et Operis Dei), is an institution of the Catholic Church whose members seek personal Christian holiness and strive to imbue their work ...
. ** Arvid Lindman returns as
Prime Minister of Sweden The prime minister ( sv, statsminister ; literally translating to "Minister of State") is the head of government of Sweden. The prime minister and their cabinet (the government) exercise executive authority in the Kingdom of Sweden and are su ...
, with his right-wing rival
Ernst Trygger Ernst Trygger (27 October 1857 – 23 September 1943) was a Swedish jurist professor and conservative politician. He served as Prime Minister of Sweden from 1923 to 1924. He also served as Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1928 to 1930 in t ...
as Foreign Minister of Sweden. *
October 7 Events Pre-1600 * 3761 BC – The epoch reference date (start) of the modern Hebrew calendar. * 1403 – Venetian–Genoese wars: The Genoese fleet under a French admiral is defeated by a Venetian fleet at the Battle of Modon. * 1477 ...
Haile Selassie Haile Selassie I ( gez, ቀዳማዊ ኀይለ ሥላሴ, Qädamawi Häylä Səllasé, ; born Tafari Makonnen; 23 July 189227 August 1975) was Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974. He rose to power as Regent Plenipotentiary of Ethiopia (' ...
is crowned king (not yet emperor) of
Abyssinia The Ethiopian Empire (), also formerly known by the exonym Abyssinia, or just simply known as Ethiopia (; Amharic and Tigrinya: ኢትዮጵያ , , Oromo: Itoophiyaa, Somali: Itoobiya, Afar: ''Itiyoophiyaa''), was an empire that historica ...
. * October 8
Chiang Kai-shek Chiang Kai-shek (31 October 1887 – 5 April 1975), also known as Chiang Chung-cheng and Jiang Jieshi, was a Chinese Nationalist politician, revolutionary, and military leader who served as the leader of the Republic of China (ROC) from 1928 ...
is named as
Generalissimo ''Generalissimo'' ( ) is a military rank of the highest degree, superior to field marshal and other five-star ranks in the states where they are used. Usage The word (), an Italian term, is the absolute superlative of ('general') thus me ...
(Chairman of the National Military Council) of the Nationalist Government of the
Republic of China Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeas ...
. * October 12 – An
iron lung An iron lung is a type of negative pressure ventilator (NPV), a mechanical respirator which encloses most of a person's body, and varies the air pressure in the enclosed space, to stimulate breathing.Shneerson, Dr. John M., Newmarket Genera ...
respirator is used for the first time at Children's Hospital,
Boston Boston (), officially the City of Boston, is the state capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as well as the cultural and financial center of the New England region of the United States. It is the 24th- mo ...
. *
October 22 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – The Chalcedonian Creed, regarding the divine and human nature of Jesus, is adopted by the Council of Chalcedon, an ecumenical council. * 794 – Emperor Kanmu relocates the Japanese capital to Heian-kyō (no ...
– The Phi Sigma Alpha fraternity is founded at the
University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus The University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus ( es, Universidad de Puerto Rico, Recinto de Río Piedras; UPR-RP, or informally La IUPI) is a public land-grant research university in San Juan, Puerto Rico. It is the largest campus in the Univ ...
. *
October 25 Events Pre-1600 * 285 (or 286) – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers. * 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II ...
– The
International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is a humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million volunteers, members and staff worldwide. It was founded to protect human life and health, to ensure respect for all human beings, and ...
(ICRM) is formally established, with the adoption of the "Statutes of the
International Red Cross The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC; french: Comité international de la Croix-Rouge) is a humanitarian organization which is based in Geneva, Switzerland, and it is also a three-time Nobel Prize Laureate. State parties (signato ...
" * October 28 – The Second Youth Congress is held in Batavia,
Dutch East Indies The Dutch East Indies, also known as the Netherlands East Indies ( nl, Nederlands(ch)-Indië; ), was a Dutch colony consisting of what is now Indonesia. It was formed from the nationalised trading posts of the Dutch East India Company, whic ...
by young
Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Gui ...
n nationalists, resulting in the
Youth Pledge The Youth Pledge ( id, Sumpah Pemuda) was a declaration made on 28 October 1928 by young Indonesian nationalists in the Second Youth Congress (). They proclaimed three ideas: one motherland, one nation and one language.Ricklefs (1982) p177 Backg ...
. The Indonesian national anthem, " Indonesia Raya", is introduced at the congress.


November

*
November 1 Events Pre-1600 *365 – The Alemanni cross the Rhine and invade Gaul. Emperor Valentinian I moves to Paris to command the army and defend the Gallic cities. * 996 – Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freising, ...
Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula ...
passes a law switching the country from the
Arabic Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter ...
to the
Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through ...
-based modern
Turkish alphabet The Turkish alphabet ( tr, ) is a Latin-script alphabet used for writing the Turkish language, consisting of 29 letters, seven of which ( Ç, Ğ, I, İ, Ö, Ş and Ü) have been modified from their Latin originals for the phonetic requir ...
. *
November 6 Events Pre-1600 * 447 – A powerful earthquake destroys large portions of the Walls of Constantinople, including 57 towers. * 963 – Synod of Rome: Emperor Otto I calls a council at St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. Pope John XII is ...
1928 United States presidential election The 1928 United States presidential election was the 36th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 6, 1928. Republican Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover defeated the Democratic nominee, Governor Al Smith of New York. After ...
: Republican
Herbert Hoover Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964) was an American politician who served as the 31st president of the United States from 1929 to 1933 and a member of the Republican Party, holding office during the onset of the Gre ...
wins by a wide margin, over Democratic New York Governor
Al Smith Alfred Emanuel Smith (December 30, 1873 – October 4, 1944) was an American politician who served four terms as Governor of New York and was the Democratic Party's candidate for president in 1928. The son of an Irish-American mother and a Ci ...
. * November 10 ** The enthronement ceremony of
Emperor of Japan The Emperor of Japan is the monarch and the head of the Imperial Family of Japan. Under the Constitution of Japan, he is defined as the symbol of the Japanese state and the unity of the Japanese people, and his position is derived from "the ...
Hirohito Emperor , commonly known in English-speaking countries by his personal name , was the 124th emperor of Japan, ruling from 25 December 1926 until his death in 1989. Hirohito and his wife, Empress Kōjun, had two sons and five daughters; he was ...
is held, two years after he actually took the imperial throne on
December 26 Events Pre-1600 * 887 – Berengar I is elected as king of Italy by the lords of Lombardy. He is crowned with the Iron Crown of Lombardy at Pavia. * 1481 – Battle of Westbroek: An army of 4,000 to 5,000 soldiers raised by David of Bu ...
, 1926, following the death of
Emperor Taishō was the 123rd Emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession, and the second ruler of the Empire of Japan from 30 July 1912 until his death in 1926. The Emperor's personal name was . According to Japanese custom, while reigni ...
. * November 12 – The develops a severe starboard list, is abandoned and sinks approximately 200 miles off Hampton Roads, Virginia; estimated deaths range from 110 to 127. * November 17 ** 1928 Australian federal election: Stanley Bruce's Nationalist Party of Australia, Nationalist/National Party of Australia, Country Coalition (Australia), Coalition Second Bruce Ministry, Government is re-elected with a decreased majority, defeating the Australian Labor Party, Labor Party led by James Scullin. ** Boston Garden opens in Boston, Massachusetts. * November 18 – Mickey Mouse appears in ''Steamboat Willie'', the third Mickey Mouse cartoon released, but the first sound film and the first such film to be generally distributed. * November 22 – The one-movement ballet ''Boléro'' (music by Maurice Ravel, choreography by Bronislava Nijinska) premières at the Palais Garnier, Paris Opéra, to a commission by Ida Rubinstein. * November 28 – Persija Jakarta
association football Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players who primarily use their feet to propel the ball around a rectangular field called a pitch. The objective of the game is ...
is founded as Voetbalbond Indonesische Jacatra.


December

* December 3 – In Rio de Janeiro, a seaplane sent to greet Alberto Santos-Dumont crashes, killing all on board. The pilot had tried to avoid another plane which came too close. * December 4 – Cosmo Gordon Lang was enthroned as the Archbishop of Canterbury, the first bachelor to be appointed in 150 years. * December 6 – The government of Colombia sends military forces to suppress a month-long strike by United Fruit Company workers, resulting in an unknown number of deaths. * December 21 – The United States Congress approves the construction of Boulder Dam, later renamed Hoover Dam.


Date unknown

* The women's organisation ''Anjuman-i Himayat-i-Niswan'' is founded in Afghanistan.


Births


January

*
January 1 January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the ye ...
– Abdul Sattar Edhi, Pakistani philanthropist (d. 2016) * January 2 – Daisaku Ikeda, Japanese religious leader, Soka Gakkai#List of presidents, 3rd President of Soka Gakkai * January 3 – Abdul Rahman Ya'kub, Malaysian politician (d. 2015) * January 5 ** Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, President of Pakistan and Prime Minister of Pakistan (d. 1979) ** Walter Mondale, American politician, 42nd Vice President of the United States (d. 2021) ** Qian Qichen, Chinese diplomat, politician (d. 2017) * January 6 – Vijay Tendulkar, Indian playwright (d. 2008) * January 7 – William Peter Blatty, American writer (''The Exorcist (novel), The Exorcist'') (d. 2017) * January 9 ** Judith Krantz, American novelist (d. 2019) ** Domenico Modugno, Italian singer, songwriter, actor and politician (d. 1994) * January 10 – Philip Levine (poet), Philip Levine, American poet (d. 2015) * January 13 – Bengt Gustavsson, Swedish footballer and manager (d. 2017) * January 14 – Hans Kornberg, German-English biochemist (d. 2019) * January 16 ** William Kennedy (author), William Kennedy, American author ** Pilar Lorengar, Spanish soprano (d. 1996) *
January 17 Events Pre-1600 * 38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey. * 1362 – Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 people ...
** Jean Barraqué, French composer (d. 1973) ** Vidal Sassoon, English hairdresser (d. 2012) * January 18 – Terence Higgins, Baron Higgins, English politician and athlete * January 21 ** Gene Sharp, American political theorist of nonviolent action (d. 2018) ** Reynaldo Bignone, 45th President of Argentina (d. 2018) * January 22 – Kate Molale, South African anti-apartheid activist (d. 1980) * January 23 – Jeanne Moreau, French actress (d. 2017) * January 24 ** Desmond Morris, English anthropologist and writer ** Michel Serrault, French actor (d. 2007) * January 25 – Eduard Shevardnadze, Georgia SSR, Georgian politician, 2nd President of Georgia (d. 2014) *
January 26 Events Pre-1600 * 661 – The Rashidun Caliphate is effectively ended with the assassination of Ali, the last caliph. * 1531 – The 6.4–7.1 Lisbon earthquake kills about thirty thousand people. * 1564 – The Council of T ...
– Roger Vadim, French film director (d. 2000) * January 27 – Hans Modrow, Premier of the German Democratic Republic, East German Premier * January 30 – Harold Prince, American stage producer, director (d. 2019)


February

* February 1 – Stuart Whitman, American actor (d. 2020) * February 2 – Ciriaco De Mita, Italian politician (d. 2022) * February 4 – Kim Yong-nam, North Korean politician * February 9 ** George Brady (Holocaust survivor), George Brady, Czech-Canadian businessman and Holocaust survivor (d. 2019) ** Rinus Michels, Dutch association football player, coach (d. 2005) * February 10 – Anthony Prospect, conductor from Trinidad and Tobago (d. 2000) * February 13 – Gerald Regan, Canadian politician (d. 2019) * February 15 – Luis Posada Carriles, Cuban militant (d. 2018) * February 16 – Pedro Casaldáliga, Spanish-Brazilian prelate and human rights activist (d. 2020) * February 18 – John Ostrom, American paleontologist (d. 2005) *
February 20 Events Pre-1600 *1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated. * 1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawned by Norway to Scotlan ...
– Friedrich Wetter, German Catholic cardinal * February 22 ** Sir Bruce Forsyth, English entertainer (d. 2017) ** Pushpa Mittra Bhargava, Indian scientist, writer, and administrator (d. 2017) * February 23 – Vasily Lazarev, Russian cosmonaut (d. 1990) * February 24 – Naqsh Lyallpuri, Indian ghazal (d. 2017) *
February 25 Events Pre-1600 *138 – Roman emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius as his son, effectively making him his successor. * 628 – Khosrow II, the last great Shah of the Sasanian Empire (Iran), is overthrown by his son Kavadh II. * ...
– Paul Elvstrøm, Danish yachtsman (d. 2016) * February 26 ** Fats Domino, African-American musician (d. 2017) ** Anatoly Filipchenko, Russian cosmonaut (d. 2022) ** Ariel Sharon, 11th Prime Minister of Israel (d. 2014) * February 27 – René Clemencic, Austrian composer and conductor *February 28 - Stanley Baker, Welsh actor and film producer (d. 1976)


March

* March 1 – Jacques Rivette, French filmmaker (d. 2016) * March 3 ** Bernice Sandler, American women's rights activist (d. 2019) ** Gudrun Pausewang, German young fiction writer (d. 2020) * March 4 – Alan Sillitoe, English writer (d. 2010) * March 5 – Yelizaveta Dementyeva, Soviet Olympic canoeist (d. 2022) * March 7 – Arthur Dion Hanna, Bahamian politician (d. 2021) * March 9 ** Gerald Bull, Canadian engineer (d. 1990) ** Robert Adeyinka Adebayo, Nigerian politician and military officer (d. 2017) * March 10 ** Sara Montiel, Spanish singer, actress (d. 2013) ** James Earl Ray, American assassin (d. 1998) * March 12 – Edward Albee, American dramatist (d. 2016) * March 14 – Frank Borman, American astronaut * March 16 ** Karlheinz Böhm, Austrian actor (d. 2014) ** Christa Ludwig, German mezzo-soprano (d. 2021) * March 18 ** Lennart Carleson, Swedish mathematician ** Fidel V. Ramos, 12th President of the Philippines (d. 2022) * March 19 ** Sutanto Djuhar, Chinese-Indonesian entrepreneur (d. 2018) ** Hans Küng, Swiss Roman Catholic theologian (d. 2021) ** Marceline Loridan-Ivens, French writer, film director and Holocaust survivor (d. 2018) ** Patrick McGoohan, American-born British-based actor of Irish descent (d. 2009) * March 20 – Fred Rogers, American children's television host (d. 2003) *
March 21 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: King Vitiges attempts to assault the northern and eastern city walls, but is repulsed at the Praenestine Gate, known as the ''Vivarium'', by the defenders under the Byzantine generals Bessas an ...
– Surya Bahadur Thapa, 24th Prime Minister of Nepal (d. 2015) * March 25 – Jim Lovell, American astronaut * March 28 ** Zbigniew Brzezinski, Polish-born American National Security Advisor (d. 2017) ** Alexander Grothendieck, German-born mathematician (d. 2014) * March 30 – Robert Badinter, French lawyer and politician * March 31 ** Lefty Frizzell, American country music performer (d. 1975) ** Gordie Howe, Canadian hockey player (d. 2016)


April

* April 2 – Serge Gainsbourg, French singer (d. 1991) * April 3 – Don Gibson, American country music singer-songwriter (d. 2003) * April 4 – Maya Angelou, African-American poet, novelist (d. 2014) * April 6 – James D. Watson, American geneticist; recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine * April 7 ** James Garner, American actor, producer (d. 2014) ** Alan J. Pakula, American producer, director (d. 1998) * April 8 ** Eric Porter, English actor (d. 1995) ** Algimantas Nasvytis, Lithuanian architect (d. 2018) * April 9 ** Paul Arizin, American basketball player (d. 2006) ** Tom Lehrer, American songwriter, satirist * April 11 – Ethel Kennedy, American human-rights campaigner, wife of Robert F. Kennedy *
April 12 Events Pre-1600 * 240 – Shapur I becomes co-emperor of the Sasanian Empire with his father Ardashir I. * 467 – Anthemius is elevated to Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 627 – King Edwin of Northumbria is converted to ...
– Hardy Krüger, German actor (d. 2022) * April 15 – Vida Alves, Brazilian actress (d. 2017) * April 18 – Mikio Sato, Japanese mathematician *
April 19 Events Pre-1600 * AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested. * 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persi ...
– Sultan Azlan Shah of Perak, King of Malaysia (d. 2014) * April 23 – Shirley Temple, American actress and diplomat (d. 2014) * April 24 – Tommy Docherty, Scottish footballer and manager (d. 2020) * April 25 – Cy Twombly, American artist (d. 2011) *
April 28 Events Pre-1600 * 224 – The Battle of Hormozdgan is fought. Ardashir I defeats and kills Artabanus V effectively ending the Parthian Empire. * 357 – Emperor Constantius II enters Rome for the first time to celebrate his victory ...
– Yves Klein, French artist (d. 1962)


May

* May 1 ** Sonny James, American country singer (d. 2016) ** Sisavath Keobounphanh, 13th prime minister of Laos (d. 2020) * May 4 ** Maynard Ferguson, Canadian jazz trumpeter (d. 2006) ** Hosni Mubarak, 4th President of Egypt (d. 2020) ** Betsy Rawls, American golfer ** Wolfgang von Trips, German racing driver (d. 1961) * May 9 ** Pancho Gonzales, American tennis player (d. 1995) ** Barbara Ann Scott, Canadian figure skater (d. 2012) *
May 10 Events Pre-1600 * 28 BC – A sunspot is observed by Han dynasty astronomers during the reign of Emperor Cheng of Han, one of the earliest dated sunspot observations in China. * 1291 – Scottish nobles recognize the authority of ...
** Arnold Rüütel, President of Estonia ** Lothar Schmid, German chess player (d. 2013) * May 11 ** Arthur Foulkes, Governor-General of the Bahamas ** Andrew van der Bijl, Dutch Christian missionary (d. 2022) * May 12 – Burt Bacharach, American composer, songwriter and pianist * May 13 ** Enrique Bolaños, 61st President of Nicaragua (d. 2021) ** Édouard Molinaro, French film director, screenwriter (d. 2013) * May 16 – Billy Martin, American baseball player (d. 1989) * May 18 – Pernell Roberts, American actor (d. 2010) * May 19 ** Dolph Schayes, American basketball player (d. 2015) ** Dragutin Zelenović, Serbian politician and professor (d. 2020) *
May 23 Events Pre-1600 * 1430 – Joan of Arc is captured at the Siege of Compiègne by troops from the Burgundian faction. *1498 – Girolamo Savonarola is burned at the stake in Florence, Italy. * 1533 – The marriage of King Henry VI ...
– Rosemary Clooney, American singer and actress (d. 2002) *
May 24 Events Pre-1600 * 919 – The nobles of Franconia and Saxony elect Henry the Fowler at the Imperial Diet in Fritzlar as king of the East Frankish Kingdom. * 1218 – The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt. * 1276 – Magnus ...
– Adrian Frutiger, Swiss typeface designer, cutter (d. 2015) * May 26 – Jack Kevorkian, American right-to-die advocate (d. 2011) * May 27 – Thea Musgrave, Scottish-born American composer and educator * May 28 – Ivan Kizimov, Soviet and Russian equestrian (d. 2019) *
May 30 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus and his Roman legions breach the Second Wall of Jerusalem. Jewish defenders retreat to the First Wall. The Romans build a circumvallation, cutting down all trees within fifteen kilometre ...
– Agnès Varda, Belgian-born French director, producer and screenwriter (d. 2019)


June

* June 3 ** Donald Judd, American artist (d. 1994) ** John Richard Reid, New Zealand cricketer (d. 2020) *
June 4 Events Pre-1600 *1411 – King Charles VI granted a monopoly for the ripening of Roquefort cheese to the people of Roquefort-sur-Soulzon as they had been doing for centuries. * 1561 – The steeple of St Paul's, the medieval cathedr ...
– Ruth Westheimer (Dr. Ruth), German-American sex therapist, film and television personality, and author * June 5 – Tony Richardson, English film and theatre director (d. 1991) * June 6 – George Deukmejian, American Republican politician (d. 2018) * June 7 ** James Ivory, American director, screenwriter and producer ** Charles Strouse, American composer and lyricist * June 10 – Maurice Sendak, American children's author, illustrator (d. 2012) * June 11 – Queen Fabiola of Belgium, Spanish Queen Consort of Baudouin of Belgium, King Baudouin of Belgium (d. 2014) * June 12 ** Vic Damone, American singer (d. 2018) ** Richard M. Sherman, American songwriter * June 13 ** Giacomo Biffi, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 2015) ** John Forbes Nash Jr., American mathematician, recipient of the Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences, Nobel Prize in Economics (d. 2015) ** Li Ka-shing, Asia's & Hong Kong's richest person, major philanthropist * June 14 ** José Bonaparte, Argentine palaeontologist (d. 2020) ** Ernesto Rafael Guevara de la Serna (aka ''Che Guevara''), Argentine-born Cuban revolutionary (''or May 14''; d. 1967) * June 16 ** Annie Cordy, Belgian actress and singer (d. 2020) ** Dagmar Rom, Austrian alpine skier *
June 17 Events Pre-1600 * 653 – Pope Martin I is arrested and taken to Constantinople, due to his opposition to monothelitism. *1242 – Following the Disputation of Paris, twenty-four carriage loads of Jewish religious manuscripts were bur ...
– Juan María Bordaberry, Uruguayan dictator (d. 2011) * June 19 ** Tommy DeVito (musician), Tommy DeVito, American musician and singer (The Four Seasons (band), The Four Seasons) (d. 2020) ** Jacques Dupont (cyclist), Jacques Dupont, French Olympic cyclist (d. 2019) *
June 20 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius' battles Attila the Hun. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory. *1180 – First Battle of Uji, starting ...
** Martin Landau, American actor (d. 2017) ** Jean-Marie Le Pen, French intelligence officer, far-right politician * June 22 – Ralph Waite, American actor, political activist (''The Waltons'') (d. 2014) * June 25 ** Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov, Russian physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2017) ** Peyo, Belgian comics artist (d. 1992) * June 27 ** Lin Ho-ming, Taiwanese sports shooter ** Antoinette Spaak, Belgian politician (d. 2020) *
June 28 Events Pre-1600 * 1098 – Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul at the battle of Antioch. * 1360 – Muhammed VI becomes the tenth Nasrid king of Granada after killing his brother-in-law Ismail II. * 1461 – ...
** Hans Blix, Swedish diplomat and politician ** Harold Evans, English-born newspaper editor (d. 2020)


July

* July 4 ** Giampiero Boniperti, Italian football player (d. 2021) ** Teofisto Guingona Jr., 13th Vice President of the Philippines * July 5 ** Juris Hartmanis, Latvian-born American computer scientist, computational theorist (d. 2022) ** Pierre Mauroy, Prime Minister of France (d. 2013) * July 8 ** Balakh Sher Mazari, Pakistani politician, caretaker prime minister (d. 2022) ** Alekos Spanoudakis, Greek basketball player (d. 2019) * July 9 ** Federico Bahamontes, Spanish road bicycle racer ** Juan Rodríguez (rower), Juan Rodríguez, Uruguayan rower (d. 2019) * July 11 ** Dor Bahadur Bista, Nepalese anthropologist, social scientist and activist (dis. 1995) ** Carmelita González, Mexican actress (d. 2010) ** Greville Janner, British lawyer and Labour Member of Parliament (d. 2015) *
July 12 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – The armies of Titus attack the walls of Jerusalem after a six-month siege. Three days later they breach the walls, which enables the army to destroy the Second Temple. * 927 – King Constantine I ...
** Elias James Corey, American chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate ** Hayden White, American historian (d. 2018) * July 14 – Nancy Olson, American actress * July 15 – Pal Benko, French chess grandmaster, author, and composer of endgame studies and chess problems (d. 2019) * July 16 ** Bella Davidovich, Soviet-born Jewish-American pianist ** Anita Brookner, English novelist, art historian (d. 2016) ** Jim Rathmann, American race car driver (d. 2011) * July 19 – Choi Yun-chil, South Korean long-distance runner (d. 2020) * July 20 ** Belaid Abdessalam, Algerian politician, Prime Minister 1992-93 (d. 2020) ** Pavel Kohout, Czech-Austrian novelist, playwright, and poet * July 23 ** Leon Fleisher, American pianist and conductor (d. 2020) ** Vera Rubin, American astronomer (d. 2016) * July 24 – Keshubhai Patel, Indian politician (d. 2020) *
July 25 Events Pre-1600 * 306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops. * 315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge ...
– Dolphy, Filipino actor, comedian (d. 2012) * July 26 ** Francesco Cossiga, Italian politician, 8th President of Italy (d. 2010) ** Joe Jackson (manager), Joe Jackson, American manager (d. 2018) ** Stanley Kubrick, American film director (''2001: A Space Odyssey (film), 2001: A Space Odyssey'') (d. 1999) *
July 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1054 – Siward, Earl of Northumbria, invades Scotland and defeats Macbeth, King of Scotland, somewhere north of the Firth of Forth. * 1189 – Friedrich Barbarossa arrives at Niš, the capital of Serbian King Ste ...
– Joseph Kittinger, American colonel, United States Air Force, U.S. Air Force pilot (d. 2022) * July 29 – T. H. P. Chentharasseri, Indian historian (d. 2018)


August

*
August 2 Events Pre-1600 * 338 BC – A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea, securing Macedonian hegemony in Greece and the Aegean. * 216 BC – The Carthaginian ...
– Luigi Colani, German industrial designer (d. 2019) * August 3 – Cécile Aubry, French film actress, author, television screenwriter and director (d. 2010) * August 4 ** Udham Singh (field hockey), Udham Singh, Indian Hockey team player, winner of three gold and one silver medals (d. 2000) ** Flóra Kádár, Hungarian actress (d. 2002) ** Gerard Damiano, American adult film director (d. 2008) * August 5 – Chung Won-shik, South Korean politician, educator, soldier, and author, prime minister 1991 (d. 2020) * August 6 ** Mary Grant (politician), Mary Grant, Ghanaian politician (d. 2016) ** Andy Warhol, American artist (d. 1987) * August 7 ** Helen Vita, Swiss chanson singer, actress, and comedian (d. 2001) ** James Randi, Canadian stage magician and scientific skeptic (d. 2020) * August 8 ** Lubor Bárta, Czech composer (d. 1972) ** Simón Díaz, Venezuelan folk composer, singer (d. 2014) * August 10 ** Peter Barry (politician), Peter Barry, Irish Fine Gael politician, businessman (d. 2016) ** Eddie Fisher (singer), Eddie Fisher, American singer and actor (d. 2010) ** Jimmy Dean, singer, television host and spokesman for the Jimmy Dean sausage brand (d. 2010) * August 11 – Beniamino Andreatta, Italian economist, politician (d. 2007) * August 14 – Lina Wertmüller, Italian film director and screenwriter (d. 2021) * August 15 ** Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal, 2-time prime minister of Somalia (d. 2002) ** Nicolas Roeg, English film director (d. 2018) ** Simone Silva, Egyptian-born French film actress (d. 1957) *
August 16 Events Pre-1600 * 1 BC – Wang Mang consolidates his power in China and is declared marshal of state. Emperor Ai of Han, who died the previous day, had no heirs. * 942 – Start of the four-day Battle of al-Mada'in, between the Hamda ...
** Ara Güler, Armenian-Turkish photojournalist (d. 2018) ** Eydie Gormé, American singer (d. 2013) ** Ann Blyth, American actress * August 19 – Queen Ratna of Nepal * August 21 ** Chris Brasher, British track and field athlete, sports journalist and co-founder of the London Marathon (d. 2003) ** Art Farmer, American jazz trumpeter, flugelhorn player (d. 1999) ** Gillian Sheen, English Olympic fencer (d. 2021) * August 22 – Karlheinz Stockhausen, German composer (d. 2007) * August 23 – Marian Seldes, American actress (d. 2014) * August 24 – Levko Lukyanenko, Ukrainian politician (d. 2018) * August 25 – Herbert Kroemer, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate *
August 26 Events Pre-1600 * 683 – Yazid I's army kills 11,000 people of Medina including notable Sahabas in Battle of al-Harrah. *1071 – The Seljuq Turks defeat the Byzantine army at the Battle of Manzikert, and soon gain control of most ...
– Saliu Adetunji, Nigerian monarch of Ibadan (d. 2022) * August 27 ** Péter Boross, Hungarian politician ** Mangosuthu Buthelezi, South African leader of the Inkatha Freedom Party *
August 31 Events Pre-1600 * 1056 – After a sudden illness a few days previously, Byzantine Empress Theodora dies childless, thus ending the Macedonian dynasty. * 1057 – Abdication of Byzantine Emperor Michael VI Bringas after just one year ...
** James Coburn, American actor (d. 2002) ** Wojciech Plewiński, Polish photographer ** Jaime Sin, Filipino Roman Catholic prelate (d. 2005)


September

* September 1 – George Maharis, American actor *
September 3 Events Pre-1600 *36 BC – In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompey, son of Pompey, thus ending Pompeian resistance to the Second Triumvirate. * 301 – San Marino, one of t ...
– Gaston Thorn, Luxembourg Prime Minister (d. 2007) * September 4 – Dick York, American actor (''Bewitched'') (d. 1992) * September 6 ** Mirosława Litmanowicz, Polish chess player (d. 2017) ** Fumihiko Maki, Japanese architect ** Robert M. Pirsig, American philosopher and author (d. 2017) ** Yevgeny Svetlanov, Russian conductor, composer and pianist (d. 2002) ** Sid Watkins, English neurosurgeon (d. 2012) * September 7 – Donald Henderson, American epidemiologist (d. 2016) * September 9 – Sol LeWitt, American artist (d. 2007) * September 10 – Jean Vanier, Swiss-born Canadian Catholic philosopher, theologian and humanitarian (d. 2019) *
September 11 Events Pre-1600 * 9 – The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends: The Roman Empire suffers the greatest defeat of its history and the Rhine is established as the border between the Empire and the so-called barbarians for the next four hu ...
– Earl Holliman, American actor * September 12 – Violeta Vidaurre, Chilean actress (d. 2021) * September 13 – Tzannis Tzannetakis, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 2010) * September 16 – Hironoshin Furuhashi, Japanese swimmer (d. 2009) * September 17 – Roddy McDowall, British actor (d. 1998) * September 19 – Adam West, American actor (''Batman (TV series), Batman'') (d. 2017) * September 20 ** Donald Hall, American poet, United States Poet Laureate (d. 2018) ** Kirsten Rolffes, Danish actress (d. 2000) * September 22 – Justin Marie Bomboko, Congolese civil servant (d. 2014) *
September 28 Events Pre-1600 *48 BC – Pompey disembarks at Pelusium upon arriving in Egypt, whereupon he is assassinated by order of King Ptolemy XIII. * 235 – Pope Pontian resigns. He is exiled to the mines of Sardinia, along with Hippolytu ...
– Koko Taylor, African-American singer (d. 2009) * September 29 – Mihály Lantos, Hungarian footballer and manager (d. 1989) * September 30 – Elie Wiesel, Romania, Rumanian-born Holocaust survivor, writer, lecturer, Nobel Peace Prize recipient (d. 2016)


October

*
October 1 Events Pre-1600 * 331 BC – Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. * 366 – Pope Damasus I is consecrated. * 959 – Edgar the Peaceful becomes king of all England, in succession to Eadw ...
** Laurence Harvey, Lithuanian-born South African actor (d. 1973) ** Sivaji Ganesan, Indian stage, film actor (d. 2001) ** George Peppard, American actor (d. 1994) *
October 2 Events Pre-1600 * 829 – Theophilos succeeds his father Michael II as Byzantine Emperor. * 939 – Battle of Andernach: Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, crushes a rebellion against his rule, by a coalition of Eberhard of Franconia and ...
– Geert Hofstede, Dutch social psychologist (d. 2020) * October 3 ** Shridath Ramphal, Guyanese academic and politician ** Kåre Willoch, Norwegian politician, 23rd Prime Minister of Norway (d. 2021) ** Erik Bruhn, Danish danseur, choreographer, artistic director, actor, and author (d. 1986) * October 4 – Torben Ulrich, Danish tennis player *
October 7 Events Pre-1600 * 3761 BC – The epoch reference date (start) of the modern Hebrew calendar. * 1403 – Venetian–Genoese wars: The Genoese fleet under a French admiral is defeated by a Venetian fleet at the Battle of Modon. * 1477 ...
** Ali Kafi, Algerian politician, acting President 1992-1994 (d. 2013) ** Sohrab Sepehri, Persian poet and painter (d. 1980) * October 8 – Neil Harvey, Australian cricketer * October 9 – Einojuhani Rautavaara, Finnish composer (d. 2016) * October 12 – Dilbagh Singh Athwal, Indian geneticist, agriculturist (d. 2017) * October 14 – Arnfinn Bergmann, Norwegian Olympic ski jumper (d. 2011) * October 15 – María Cristina Arango Vega, First Lady of Colombia (d. 2017) * October 18 – Ernest Simoni, Albanian Catholic cardinal * October 19 – Borisav Jović, 13th President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia (d. 2021) * October 20 – Li Peng, former Premier of the People's Republic of China (d. 2019) * October 21 – Whitey Ford, American baseball player (d. 2020) * October 23 – Zhu Rongji, former Premier of the People's Republic of China * October 24 – Mohammad Beheshti, Chief Justice of Iran (d. 1981) *
October 25 Events Pre-1600 * 285 (or 286) – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers. * 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II ...
** Anthony Franciosa, American actor (d. 2006) ** Paulo Mendes da Rocha, Brazilian architect (d. 2021) ** Marion Ross, American actress * October 27 – Gilles Vigneault, Canadian singer and poet * October 29 – Shulamit Aloni, Israeli politician (d. 2014) * October 30 – Daniel Nathans, American microbiologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1999)


November

* November 3 ** Ion Dincă, Romanian communist politician and general (d. 2007) ** Osamu Tezuka, Japanese manga artist (d. 1989) ** Nick Holonyak, American electrical engineer and inventor (d. 2022) * November 8 ** Natalie Zemon Davis, Canadian-born historian ** Ursula Haverbeck, German historian * November 9 – Anne Sexton, American poet (d. 1974) * November 10 – Ennio Morricone, Italian composer (d. 2020) * November 11 – Carlos Fuentes, Mexican writer (d. 2012) * November 14 – Vitaliy Masol, 3rd Prime Minister of Ukraine (d. 2018) * November 17 ** Arman, French artist (d. 2005) ** Rance Howard, American actor (d. 2017) ** Betty Kaunda, first lady of Zambia (d. 2012) ** Amata Kabua, 1st president of the Marshall Islands (d. 1996) * November 18 – Salvador Laurel, Filipino lawyer and politician (d. 2004) * November 19 ** Ina van Faassen, Dutch actress, comedian (d. 2011) ** Dara Singh, Indian wrestler, actor and politician (d. 2012) * November 20 ** Aleksey Batalov, Russian actor (d. 2017) ** Pete Rademacher, American boxer (d. 2020) * November 28 ** Toaripi Lauti, 1st prime minister of Tuvalu (d. 2014) ** Arthur Melvin Okun, American economist (d. 1980) ** Piet Steenbergen, Dutch footballer (d. 2010) * November 30 ** Takako Doi, Japanese politician (d. 2014) ** Steele Hall, Australian politician ** Peter Hans Kolvenbach, Dutch Superior General of the Society of Jesus (d. 2016) ** Karin Söder, Swedish politician (d. 2015)


December

* December 4 – Hebe de Bonafini, Argentine political activist (d. 2022) * December 7 – Noam Chomsky, American linguist * December 13 – Nati Mistral, Spanish actress (d. 2017) * December 15 ** Ida Haendel, Polish-British violinist (d. 2020) ** Friedensreich Hundertwasser, Austrian artist (d. 2000) * December 16 ** Philip K. Dick, American science fiction author (d. 1982) ** Friedrich Wilhelm Schnitzler, German landowner, politician (CDU), manager and businessman (d. 2011) * December 19 – Guy Razanamasy, 2-time prime minister of Madagascar (d. 2011) * December 22 – Piero Angela, Italian television host, science journalist and writer (d. 2022) * December 25 – Dick Miller, American actor (d. 2019) *
December 26 Events Pre-1600 * 887 – Berengar I is elected as king of Italy by the lords of Lombardy. He is crowned with the Iron Crown of Lombardy at Pavia. * 1481 – Battle of Westbroek: An army of 4,000 to 5,000 soldiers raised by David of Bu ...
– Martin Cooper (inventor), Martin Cooper, American inventor, "Father of the mobile phone" * December 29 – Bernard Cribbins, English actor, comedian and singer (d. 2022) * December 30 – Bo Diddley, African-American musician (d. 2008)


Deaths


January

*
January 1 January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the ye ...
– Loie Fuller, American dancer (b. 1862) * January 3 – Emily Stevens (actress), Emily Stevens, American actress (b. 1882) * January 6 – Alvin Kraenzlein, American athlete (b. 1876) * January 11 – Thomas Hardy, British writer (b. 1840) * January 12 – Ruth Snyder, American murderer (executed) (b. 1895) * January 16 – Bernhard III, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen (b. 1851) * January 21 ** Nikolai Astrup, Norwegian painter (b. 1880) ** John de Robeck, Sir John de Robeck, British admiral (b. 1862) * January 28 – Vicente Blasco Ibáñez, Spanish novelist and screenwriter (b. 1867) * January 29 – Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig, British soldier (b. 1861) * January 30 – Johannes Fibiger, Danish scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1867)


February

* February 1 – Hughie Jennings, American baseball player, MLB Hall of Famer (b. 1869) * February 4 – Hendrik Lorentz, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1853) *
February 8 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Constantius III becomes co-Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 1238 – The Mongols burn the Russian city of Vladimir. * 1250 – Seventh Crusade: Crusaders engage Ayyubid forces in the Battle of ...
– Theodor Curtius, German chemist (b. 1857) * February 12 – Count Manfred von Clary-Aldringen, Manfred von Clary-Aldringen, Austro-Hungarian nobleman, statesman and former prime minister of Austria (b. 1852) * February 15 – H. H. Asquith, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1852) * February 16 – Eddie Foy Sr., American vaudevillian (b. 1856) *
February 25 Events Pre-1600 *138 – Roman emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius as his son, effectively making him his successor. * 628 – Khosrow II, the last great Shah of the Sasanian Empire (Iran), is overthrown by his son Kavadh II. * ...
– Toribio Romo González, Mexican Roman Catholic priest, martyr and saint (b. 1900) * February 26 – Juan Vázquez de Mella, Spanish scholar, politician (b. 1861) * February 27 – Karl Max, Prince Lichnowsky, German diplomat, noble (b. 1860) * February 28 – Armando Diaz, Italian general, Marshal of Italy (b. 1861)


March

* March 7 – Robert Abbe, American surgeon (b. 1851) * March 10 – Mateo Elías Nieves Castillo, Mexican Roman Catholic priest and blessed (b. 1882) * March 19 ** Nora Bayes, American singer, actress (b. 1880) ** Emil Wiechert, German physicist and geophysicist (b. 1861) *
March 21 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: King Vitiges attempts to assault the northern and eastern city walls, but is repulsed at the Praenestine Gate, known as the ''Vivarium'', by the defenders under the Byzantine generals Bessas an ...
– Edward Walter Maunder, British astronomer (b. 1851) * March 25 – Nina Bang, Danish politician (b. 1866)


April

* April 2 – Theodore William Richards, American chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1868) *
April 13 Events Pre-1600 * 1111 – Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. * 1204 – Constantinople falls to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, temporarily ending the Byzantine Empire. 1601–1900 *1612 – In one of the epic samurai ...
– Gonzalo Córdova, 21st president of Ecuador (b. 1863) * April 16 – Pavel Axelrod, Russian Menshevik (b. 1850) *
April 19 Events Pre-1600 * AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested. * 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persi ...
– Dorus Rijkers, famous Dutch sailor, savior of over 500 men, women and children (b. 1847) * April 25 **Floyd Bennett, American aviator (b. 1890) **Pyotr Wrangel, Russian general, anti-Bolshevik leader (b. 1878) * April 27 – Alessandro Guidoni, Italian air force general (b. 1880)


May

* May 1 – Ebenezer Howard, Sir Ebenezer Howard, British urban planner (b. 1850) * May 8 – Clara Williams, American actress (b. 1888) *
May 10 Events Pre-1600 * 28 BC – A sunspot is observed by Han dynasty astronomers during the reign of Emperor Cheng of Han, one of the earliest dated sunspot observations in China. * 1291 – Scottish nobles recognize the authority of ...
– Ivan Merz, Yugoslav Roman Catholic blessed (b. 1896) * May 18 ** Moritz von Auffenberg, Austro-Hungarian general and politician (b. 1852) **Bill Haywood, American labor leader (b. 1869) * May 19 – Max Scheler, German philosopher (b. 1874) * May 21 – Hideyo Noguchi, Japanese bacteriologist (b. 1876) * May 22 – Francisco López Merino, Argentine poet (b. 1904)


June

* June 2 - Otto Nordenskjöld, Finnish and Swedish geologist, geographer, and polar explorer (b. 1869) * June 3 ** Alexander Hamilton (priest), Alexander Hamilton, American priest and blessed (b. 1847) **Li Yuanhong, Fourth President of the
Republic of China Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northeas ...
(b. 1864) *
June 4 Events Pre-1600 *1411 – King Charles VI granted a monopoly for the ripening of Roquefort cheese to the people of Roquefort-sur-Soulzon as they had been doing for centuries. * 1561 – The steeple of St Paul's, the medieval cathedr ...
Zhang Zuolin Zhang Zuolin (; March 19, 1875 June 4, 1928), courtesy name Yuting (雨亭), nicknamed Zhang Laogang (張老疙瘩), was an influential Chinese bandit, soldier, and warlord during the Warlord Era in China. The warlord of Manchuria from 1916 to ...
, Chinese warlord (assassinated) (b. 1875) * June 5 – Liege Hulett, Sir Liege Hulett, South African politician, sugar magnate (b. 1838) * June 12 – Salvador Díaz Mirón, Mexican poet (b. 1853) * June 13 – Charles Wynn-Carington, 1st Marquess of Lincolnshire, British politician and colonial governor (b. 1843) * June 14 – Emmeline Pankhurst, British women's suffrage campaigner (b. 1858) *
June 17 Events Pre-1600 * 653 – Pope Martin I is arrested and taken to Constantinople, due to his opposition to monothelitism. *1242 – Following the Disputation of Paris, twenty-four carriage loads of Jewish religious manuscripts were bur ...
– Euphemia Wilson Pitblado, American activist, social reformer, and writer (b. 1849) * June 18 – Roald Amundsen, Norwegian polar explorer (b. 1872) * June 22 ** A. B. Frost, American illustrator (b. 1851) ** George Siegmann, American actor (b. 1882) *
June 28 Events Pre-1600 * 1098 – Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul at the battle of Antioch. * 1360 – Muhammed VI becomes the tenth Nasrid king of Granada after killing his brother-in-law Ismail II. * 1461 – ...
– Leo Ditrichstein, Austrian-born actor, playwright (b. 1865)


July

* July 1 – Avery Hopwood, American playwright (b. 1882) *
July 12 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – The armies of Titus attack the walls of Jerusalem after a six-month siege. Three days later they breach the walls, which enables the army to destroy the Second Temple. * 927 – King Constantine I ...
– Emilio Carranza, Mexican aviator (b. 1905; plane crash) * July 17 **
Álvaro Obregón Álvaro Obregón Salido (; 17 February 1880 – 17 July 1928) better known as Álvaro Obregón was a Sonoran-born general in the Mexican Revolution. A pragmatic centrist, natural soldier, and able politician, he became the 46th President of Me ...
, Mexican military officer, 39th President of Mexico (assassinated) (b. 1880) ** Giovanni Giolitti, Italian politician, 13th Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1842) * July 21 **Mihail Savov, Bulgarian general (b. 1857) **Dame Ellen Terry, British actress (b. 1847) * July 22 – William M. Folger, American admiral (b. 1844) * July 30 – John Christopher Cutler, 2nd Governor of Utah (suicide) (b. 1846)


August

* August 8 ** Frederick II, Grand Duke of Baden (b. 1857) ** Stjepan Radić, Croatian politician (assassinated) (b. 1871) *
August 12 Events Pre-1600 *1099 – First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid forces led by Al-Afdal Shahanshah. This is considered the last engagement of the First Crusade. * 1121 – B ...
– Leoš Janáček, Czech composer (b. 1854) *
August 16 Events Pre-1600 * 1 BC – Wang Mang consolidates his power in China and is declared marshal of state. Emperor Ai of Han, who died the previous day, had no heirs. * 942 – Start of the four-day Battle of al-Mada'in, between the Hamda ...
– Carlo Del Prete, Italian aviator (b. 1897) * August 19 ** Richard Haldane, 1st Viscount Haldane, British politician, lawyer (b. 1856) ** Stephanos Skouloudis, 34th prime minister of Greece (b. 1838) * August 27 – Émile Fayolle, French general (b. 1852) * August 30 ** Hugh Evan-Thomas, Sir Hugh Evan-Thomas, British admiral (b. 1862) ** Wilhelm Wien, German physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1864)


September

* September 9 – Urban Shocker, American baseball player (b. 1890) * September 13 – Italo Svevo, Italian writer, businessman (b. 1861) * September 29 – John Devoy, Irish rebel leader, exile (b. 1842) * September (unknown date) – Ioan Culcer, Romanian general and politician (b. 1853)


October

*
October 1 Events Pre-1600 * 331 BC – Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. * 366 – Pope Damasus I is consecrated. * 959 – Edgar the Peaceful becomes king of all England, in succession to Eadw ...
– Cecilia Eusepi, Italian religious leader and blessed (b. 1910) * October 8 – Larry Semon, American film actor (b. 1889) * October 13 – Maria Feodorovna (Dagmar of Denmark), Dagmar of Denmark, later Maria Fyodorovna, wife of Alexander III of Russia, Tsar Alexander III and Empress Consort of Russia (b. 1847) *
October 22 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – The Chalcedonian Creed, regarding the divine and human nature of Jesus, is adopted by the Council of Chalcedon, an ecumenical council. * 794 – Emperor Kanmu relocates the Japanese capital to Heian-kyō (no ...
– Andrew Fisher, 5th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1862) * October 30 – Robert Lansing, U.S. Secretary of State (b. 1864)


November

*
November 6 Events Pre-1600 * 447 – A powerful earthquake destroys large portions of the Walls of Constantinople, including 57 towers. * 963 – Synod of Rome: Emperor Otto I calls a council at St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. Pope John XII is ...
– Arnold Rothstein, Jewish-American businessman, gangster (b. 1882) * November 10 – Alexander Trepov, former prime minister of the Russian Empire (b. 1862) * November 13 ** Enrico Cecchetti, Italian ballet dancer (b. 1850) ** Oskar Victorovich Stark, Russian admiral, explorer (b. 1846) * November 17 – Lala Lajpat Rai (''The Lion of Punjab''), Indian independence movement leader (b. 1865) * November 18 – Mauritz Stiller, Finnish screenwriter, director (b. 1883) * November 21 – Heinrich XXVII, Prince Reuss Younger Line, German prince (b. 1858) * November 24 – Alphonse Jacques de Dixmude, Belgian general (b. 1858) * November 26 – Reinhard Scheer, German admiral (b. 1863) * November 27 – Frank Hedges Butler, British wine merchant, founding member of the Aero Club of Great Britain (b. 1855)


December

* December 1 ** Arthur Gore (tennis), Arthur Gore, British tennis player (b. 1868) ** José Eustasio Rivera, Colombian writer (b. 1888) * December 2 – Hallam Tennyson, 2nd Baron Tennyson, 2nd Governor-General of Australia (b. 1852) * December 10 – Charles Rennie Mackintosh, British architect (b. 1868) * December 11 – Lewis Howard Latimer, American inventor (b. 1848) * December 12 – Patriarch Gregory IV of Antioch (b. 1859) * December 14 **Theodore Roberts, American actor (b. 1861) **Pierre Ruffey, French general (b. 1851) * December 16 – Elinor Wylie, American poet and novelist (b. 1885) * December 17 – Eglantyne Jebb, British human rights activist, co-founder of ''Save the Children'' (b. 1876) * December 19 – Italo Svevo, Italian writer (b. 1861) * December 21 – Luigi Cadorna, Italian general (b. 1850) * December 25 – Fred Thomson, American actor (b. 1890)


Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Owen Willans Richardson * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine – Charles Jules Henri Nicolle * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Sigrid Undset * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – not awarded


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:1928 1928, Leap years in the Gregorian calendar