This epoch is the beginning of the 400-year Gregorian leap-year cycle within which digital files first existed; the last year of any such cycle is the only leap year whose year number is divisible by 100.

January 1 January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the ye ...

of this year (1601-01-01) is used as the base of file dates and of Active Directory Logon dates by Microsoft Windows. It is also the date from which ANSI dates are counted and were adopted by the American National Standards Institute for use with COBOL and other computer languages. All versions of the Microsoft Windows operating system from Windows 95 onward count units of one hundred nanoseconds from this epoch as a counter having 63 bits until 30828/9/14 02:48:05.4775807.

Events

January–June

* January 11 – Valladolid is briefly the capital of Habsburg Spain under Philip III, before returning indefinitely to Madrid in 1606. * January 17 – Treaty of Lyon:

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

gains

Bresse Bresse () is a former French province. It is located in the regions of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes and Bourgogne-Franche-Comté of eastern France. The geographical term ''Bresse'' has two meanings: ''Bresse bourguignonne'' (or ''louhannaise''), w ...

, Bugey and Gex from Savoy, ceding Saluzzo in exchange. * February 8 – Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, longtime favourite of Queen Elizabeth I of England, rebels against the queen; his revolt is quickly crushed. * April 22 – The first expedition of the East India Company sets sail from England for the Spice Islands with John Davis as pilot-major. * Spring – Possible first performance of William Shakespeare's tragedy '' Hamlet''.

July–December

* December 24 ( Julian calendar, used by the English; January 3, 1602, according to the Gregorian calendar used by the Irish and Spanish forces in the battle) – The Battle of Kinsale ends the siege of Kinsale, Ireland (begun in autumn 1601).

Date unknown

* Dutch troops attack the Portuguese in Malacca. * Jesuit Matteo Ricci becomes the first European to enter the Forbidden City in Beijing, China, being invited by the

Ming Dynasty The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol Empire, Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last ort ...

Emperor. * A rainy summer in the Tsardom of Russia causes a bad harvest, leading to the

Russian famine of 1601–03 Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries * Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and p ...

which kills about two million people. * Martin Möller is accused of Crypto-Calvinism.

Births

Frans Hals - Portrait of Cornelis Coning

January–March

* January 8 – Baltasar Gracián y Morales, Spanish prose writer (d. 1658) * January 19 – Guido Cagnacci, Italian painter (d. 1663) * February 4 – Shi Kefa, Chinese

official (d. 1645) * February 21 –

Carolus Mulerius Carolus Mulerius (21 February 1601, Harlingen – 13 August 1638, Groningen) was a Dutch Hispanist and grammarian. He was the son of Christina Maria Six (1566-1645) and Nicolaus Mulerius (1564-1630), who is most famous as an astronomer, but at ...

, Dutch Hispanist (d.

1638 Events January–March * January 4 – **A naval battle takes place in the Indian Ocean off of the coast of Goa at South India as a Netherlands fleet commanded by Admiral Adam Westerwolt decimates the Portuguese fleet. **A fleet of 80 ...

) * February 22 –

Pierre Chanut Pierre Hector Chanut (February 22, 1601 in Riom – July 3, 1662 in Livry-sur-Seine) was a civil servant in the Auvergne, a French ambassador in Sweden and the Dutch Republic, and state counsellor. Life In 1626 Chanut married Marguerite C ...

, French diplomat (d. 1662) * March 7 – Johann Michael Moscherosch, German statesman, satirist (d. 1669) * March 19 –

Alonzo Cano Alonso Cano Almansa or Alonzo Cano (19 March 16013 September 1667) was a Spanish painter, architect, and sculptor born in Granada.1667) * March 20 – Henri, Count of Harcourt (d. 1666) * March 22 – John Scudamore, 1st Viscount Scudamore, English politician and Viscount (d. 1671) * March 31 – Jakov Mikalja, Italian linguist and lexicographer (d. 1654)

April–June

* May –

Spencer Compton, 2nd Earl of Northampton Spencer Compton, 2nd Earl of Northampton (May 160119 March 1643), styled Lord Compton from 1618 to 1630, was an English soldier and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1621 to 1622. He became a peer by writ of acceleration in 1626 ...

(d. 1643) * May 3 – Nathaniel Dickinson, American settler (d. 1676) * May 27 –

Antoine Daniel Antoine Daniel (27 May, 1601 – 4 July, 1648) was a French Jesuit missionary in North America, at Sainte-Marie among the Hurons, and one of the eight Canadian Martyrs. Life Daniel was born at Dieppe, in Normandy, on 27 May, 1601. After two y ...

, Jesuit missionary at Sainte-Marie among the Hurons (d. 1648) * June 5 –

John Trapp John Trapp (5 June 1601, in Croome D'Abitot – 16 October 1669, in Weston-on-Avon), was an English Anglican Bible commentator. His large five-volume commentary is still read today and is known for its pithy statements and quotable prose; ...

, English theologian (d. 1669) * June 6 – Hendrick Bloemaert, Dutch painter (d. 1672) * June 21 – Godfrey Henschen, Jesuit hagiographer (d. 1681) * June 23 – Anna Maria of Ostfriesland, German noblewoman (d. 1634) * June 26 –

Dorothea of Saxe-Altenburg Dorothea of Saxe-Altenburg (26 June 1601 in Torgau – 10 April 1675 in Altenburg), was a princess from the House of Wettin by birth and by marriage Duchess of Saxe-Eisenach. Life Dorothy was a daughter of the Duke Frederick William I of ...

, Duchess consort of Saxe-Eisenach (d.

1675 Events January–March * January 5 – Franco-Dutch War – Battle of Turckheim: The French defeat Austria and Brandenburg. * January 29 – John Sassamon, an English-educated Native American Christian, dies at A ...

)

July–September

* July 17 –

Emmanuel Maignan Emmanuel Maignan (Emanuel) (b. at Toulouse, 17 July 1601; d. at Toulouse, 29 October 1676) was a French physicist and Catholic Minimite theologian. His writings were particularly influential in Spain, where they were resisted by his fellow Minim ...

, French physicist and theologian (d. 1676) *

July 18 Events Pre-1600 *477 BC – Battle of the Cremera as part of the Roman–Etruscan Wars. Veii ambushes and defeats the Roman army. *387 BC – Roman-Gaulish Wars: Battle of the Allia: A Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, lead ...

– Philip I, Count of Schaumburg-Lippe (1640–1681) (d. 1681) * July 20 –

Robert Wallop Robert Wallop (20 July 1601 – 19 November 1667) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times from 1621 to 1660. He supported the Parliamentary cause in the English Civil War and was one of the regicides of King Char ...

, English politician (d. 1667) * July 23 –

János Szalárdi János Szalárdi (23 July 1601 – 27 September 1666) was a Hungarian historian in the Principality of Transylvania. He was appointed one of the conservators of the Transylvanian Archives in Gyulafehérvár (today: ''Alba Iulia, Romania'') ...

, Hungarian historian (d. 1666) * July 30 **

Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt Princess Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt (30 July 1601 – 6 May 1659) was the daughter of Louis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Magdalena von Brandenburg. She was born in Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany. She married George, Duke of Brunswick-L� ...

, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg by marriage (d. 1659) ** Richard Onslow, English MP (d.

1664 It is one of eight years (CE) to contain each Roman numeral exactly once (1000(M)+500(D)+100(C)+50(L)+10(X)+(-1(I)+5(V)) = 1664). Events January–March * January 5 – In the Battle of Surat in India, the Maratha leader, Chhat ...

) * August 9 – Matthias Sention, Sr., Connecticut settler (d. 1669) * August 11 – John Evelyn, English politician (d. 1685) * August 15 – John Campanius, Swedish Lutheran minister in New Sweden (d. 1683) * August 22 –

Georges de Scudéry Georges de Scudéry (22 August 1601 – 14 May 1667), the elder brother of Madeleine de Scudéry, was a French novelist, dramatist and poet. Life Georges de Scudéry was born in Le Havre, in Normandy, whither his father had moved from Provence. H ...

, French novelist, dramatist and poet (d. 1667) * September 13 **

Axel Urup Axel Urup (13 September 1601 – 15 March 1671) was a Danish military engineer and commander, '' Rigsmarsk'' and Supreme Court justice. Biography In 1621 he travelled abroad and served in the Dutch defence of Bergen op Zoom. Later he continu ...

, Danish general (d. 1671) ** Jan Brueghel the Younger, Flemish painter (d. 1678) * September 22 – Anne of Austria, queen of Louis XIII of France and regent of France (d. 1666) * September 27 – King Louis XIII of France (d. 1643)

October–December

* October 7 – Florimond de Beaune, French mathematician and jurist (d.

1652 Events January–March * January 8 – Michiel de Ruyter marries the widow Anna van Gelder and plans retirement, but months later becomes a vice-commodore in the First Anglo-Dutch War. * February 4 – At Edinburgh, the parl ...

) * October 9 –

Fra Bonaventura Bisi Fra' Bonaventura Bisi (9 October 1601 – 5 December 1659) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period. He was also called ''Il Pittorino'' or ''Padre Pittorini'', as a Franciscan friar in the convent of S. Francesco in Bologna. Life and Work H ...

, Italian painter (d. 1659) * October 24 –

Alvise Contarini Alvise Contarini (24 October 1601 – 15 January 1684) was the 106th Doge of Venice, reigning from his election on 26 August 1676 until his death seven and a half years later. He was the eighth and final member of the House of Contarini to serve ...

, Doge of Venice (d. 1684) *

October 25 Events Pre-1600 * 285 (or 286) – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers. * 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II ...

– John Frederick, Lord Mayor of London (d. 1685) * October 26 – Jan Reynst, Dutch art collector (d. 1646) * November 3 – Henri, Duke of Verneuil, French bishop (d. 1682) * November 14 –

John Eudes John Eudes, CIM (french: link=no, Jean Eudes; 14 November 1601 – 19 August 1680) was a French Roman Catholic priest and the founder of both the Order of Our Lady of Charity in 1641 and Congregation of Jesus and Mary, also known as The Eudi ...

, French missionary (d. 1680) *

November 15 Events Pre-1600 * 655 – Battle of the Winwaed: Penda of Mercia is defeated by Oswiu of Northumbria. *1315 – Growth of the Old Swiss Confederacy: The Schweizer Eidgenossenschaft ambushes the army of Leopold I in the Battle of Mor ...

–

Cecco Bravo Cecco Bravo (15 November 1601 – 1661) was an Italian painter of the Florentine Baroque school. His true name is Francesco Montelatici. Biography He trained with Giovanni Biliverti and was also close to Sigismondo Coccapani. In the early 16 ...

, Italian painter (d.

1661 Events January–March * January 6 – The Fifth Monarchists, led by Thomas Venner, unsuccessfully attempt to seize control of London; George Monck's regiment defeats them. * January 29 – The Rokeby baronets, a British ...

) * December 25 – Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha (1640–1675) and Saxe-Altenburg (1672–1675) (d.

)

Date unknown

* William Coddington, first governor of Rhode Island (d. 1678) * Catherine Lepère, French midwife and abortion provider (k.

1679 Events January–June * January 24 – King Charles II of England dissolves the "Cavalier Parliament", after nearly 18 years. * February 3 – Moroccan troops from Fez are killed, along with their commander Moussa ben Ahmed be ...

) * Jacques Gaffarel, French librarian and astrologer (d. 1681) *

Cornelis Coning Cornelis Coning or Koning (1601 – 3 April 1671), was an engraver and mayor of Haarlem. Biography He was born in Haarlem as the son of Hendrick Hendricksz and Neeltje Soeteman who married Catharina Regoot in 1632.1671)

Probable

William Brooke, 12th Baron Cobham Sir William Brooke (1598 – 20 September 1643) was an English soldier and politician. He was the Member of Parliament for Rochester (UK Parliament constituency), Rochester, Kent. Biography He was the only son of George Brooke (conspirator), Geor ...

, English politician (d. 1643) * Adrian Scrope, English regicide (d.

1660 Events January–March * January 1 ** At daybreak, English Army Colonel George Monck, with two brigades of troops from his Scottish occupational force, fords the River Tweed at Coldstream in Scotland to cross the border into Englan ...

) * Rose of Turaida, famous Latvian murder victim (d.

1620 Events January–June * February 4 – Prince Bethlen Gabor signs a peace treaty with Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor. * May 17 – The first merry-go-round is seen at a fair (Philippapolis, Turkey). * June 3 – ...

) *

François Tristan l'Hermite François l'Hermite (c. 16017 September 1655) was a French dramatist who wrote under the name Tristan l'Hermite. He was born at the Château de Soliers in the Haute Marche. Life His adventures began early, for he killed his enemy in a due ...

, French dramatist (d. 1655) *

Edward Somerset, 2nd Marquess of Worcester Edward Somerset, 2nd Marquess of Worcester (9 March 1602 or 9 March 16033 April 1667), styled Lord Herbert of Raglan from 1628 to 1644, was an English nobleman involved in royalist politics, and an inventor. While Earl of Glamorgan, he was se ...

(d. 1667)

Deaths

January–March

* January 11 –

Scipione Ammirato Scipione Ammirato (October 7, 1531January 11, 1601) was an Italian historian and philosopher. He is now regarded as an important founding figure in the scholarly study of the history of philosophy. He is best known for his political treatise ' ...

, Italian historian (b. 1531) * January 17 – Christoffer Valkendorff, Danish politician (b. 1525) * January 19 – Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, English statesman (b. 1538) * January 29 –

Louise of Lorraine Louise of Lorraine (french: Louise de Lorraine-Vaudémont; 30 April 1553 – 29 January 1601) was Queen of France as the wife of King Henry III from their marriage on 15 February 1575 until his death on 2 August 1589. During the first three mon ...

, French queen consort (b. 1553) *

February 7 Events Pre-1600 * 457 – Leo I becomes the Eastern Roman emperor. * 987 – Bardas Phokas the Younger and Bardas Skleros, Byzantine generals of the military elite, begin a wide-scale rebellion against Emperor Basil II. *1301 &nda ...

–

Martin Garzez Martin may refer to: Places * Martin City (disambiguation) * Martin County (disambiguation) * Martin Township (disambiguation) Antarctica * Martin Peninsula, Marie Byrd Land * Port Martin, Adelie Land * Point Martin, South Orkney Islands Austra ...

, Aragonese-born 53rd Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller (b. 1526) * February 25 – Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, English politician (b. 1566) * February 27 –

Anne Line Anne Line (''c.'' 1563 – 27 February 1601) was an English Catholic martyr. After losing her husband, she became very active in sheltering clandestine Catholic priests, which was illegal in the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. Finally arrested, she ...

, English Catholic martyr (b. c. 1563) * March 2 –

Antonio del Rincón Antonio del Rincón (1566 – March 2, 1601) was a Jesuit priest and grammarian, who wrote one of the earliest grammars of the Nahuatl language (known generally as the '' Arte mexicana'', MS. published in 1595). A native of Texcoco from the ea ...

, Mexican academic (b. 1566) * March 13 – Henry Cuffe, English politician (b. 1563)

April–June

April 5 Events Pre-1600 * 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I. * 919 – The second Fatimid invasion of Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, sets out from Raqqada at the head of his ...

– Wolfgang von Dalberg, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Mainz, Germany (b. 1538) *

April 10 Events Pre-1600 * 428 – Nestorius becomes the Patriarch of Constantinople. * 837 – Halley's Comet makes its closest approach to Earth at a distance equal to 0.0342 AU (5.1 million kilometres/3.2 million miles). * 1407 ...

–

Mark Alexander Boyd Mark Alexander Boyd (13 January 1562 – 10 April 1601) was a Scottish poet and soldier of fortune. He was born in Ayrshire, Scotland. His father was from Penkill, Carrick, in Ayrshire. He was educated under the care of his uncle, the Arc ...

, Scottish poet and soldier of fortune (b. 1562) * May 10 – Hans van Steenwinckel the Elder, Flemish/Danish architect, sculptor (b.

1550 __NOTOC__ Year 1550 ( MDL) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January 6 – Spanish Captain Hernando de Santana founds the city of Valle ...

) * May 12 –

Anna III, Abbess of Quedlinburg III, also known as Anna of Stolberg (3 April 1565 – 12 May 1601) was Princess-Abbess of Quedlinburg from 1584 until her death. Anna was the daughter of Count Henry of Stolberg (1509–1572) and his wife, Elisabeth of Gleichen (died 1578). An ...

, Princess-Abbess of Quedlinburg (b. 1565) * May 19 –

Costanzo Porta Costanzo Porta (1528 or 1529 – 19 May 1601) was an Italian composer of the Renaissance, and a representative of what is known today as the Venetian School. He was highly praised throughout his life both as a composer and a teacher, and had ...

, Italian composer (b. 1528) * May 21 – Gebhard Truchsess von Waldburg, Archbishop-Elector of Cologne (b. 1547) * June 11 – Françoise d'Orléans-Longueville, French princess (b. 1549) * June 16 –

Lewis Mordaunt, 3rd Baron Mordaunt Lewis Mordaunt, 3rd Baron Mordaunt (21 September 1538 – 16 June 1601) was an English peerage, peer and politician. He was the son of John Mordaunt, 2nd Baron Mordaunt and Ela (née FitzLewis) Mordaunt. He became the third Baron Mordaunt in 157 ...

, Member of Parliament and High Sheriff of Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire (b. 1538) *

June 17 Events Pre-1600 * 653 – Pope Martin I is arrested and taken to Constantinople, due to his opposition to monothelitism. *1242 – Following the Disputation of Paris, twenty-four carriage loads of Jewish religious manuscripts were bur ...

– Gabriel Goodman, English priest (b. 1528) * June 24 – Henriette of Cleves, Duchess of Nevers, Countess of Rethel (b. 1542) * June 25 – Peregrine Bertie, 13th Baron Willoughby de Eresby, English baron (b. 1555) * June 27 –

Henry Norris, 1st Baron Norreys {{Infobox noble, Baron , name = Henry Norris , title = Baron Norreys , image = Henry Norris 1st Baron Norris of Rycote.jpg , image_size = 240px , caption = Henry Norris, aged 60, 1585 , ...

(b. 1525)

July–September

* August 9 – Prince Michael the Brave of Wallachia (b. 1558) * August 11 – Johannes Heurnius, Dutch physician (b. 1543) *

August 19 Events Pre-1600 *295 BC – The first temple to Venus, the Roman goddess of love, beauty and fertility, is dedicated by Quintus Fabius Maximus Gurges during the Third Samnite War. *43 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus, later known ...

–

William Lambarde William Lambarde (18 October 1536 – 19 August 1601) was an English antiquarian, writer on legal subjects, and politician. He is particularly remembered as the author of ''A Perambulation of Kent'' (1576), the first English county history; ''Ei ...

, English antiquarian and politician (b. 1536) * September 7 –

John Shakespeare John Shakespeare (c. 1531 – 7 September 1601) was an English businessman in Stratford-upon-Avon and the father of William Shakespeare. He was a glover and whittawer ( leather worker) by trade. Shakespeare was elected to several municipal ...

, English glover, father of William Shakespeare (b.

1529 __NOTOC__ Year 1529 ( MDXXIX) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * February 2 – The Örebro Synod provides the theological foundation of th ...

) * September 12 – Meletius I Pegas, Greek Patriarch of Alexandria (b. 1549) * September 20 –

Fernando Ruiz de Castro Andrade y Portugal Fernando Ruiz de Castro Andrade y Portugal (14 December 1548 - 20 September 1601) was a Galician (Spanish) nobleman who was Viceroy of Naples from 1599 to 1601. He was the 6th Count of Lemos, an old title from Galicia, centered in the lands ar ...

, Grandee of Spain (b. 1548)

October–December

* October 12 – Nicholas Brend, English landowner (b.

1560 Year 1560 ( MDLX) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January 7 – In the Kingdom of Scotland, French troops commanded by Henri Cleutin ...

) * October 21 –

Hoshina Masanao (1542 – October 21, 1601) was a Japanese ''daimyō'' of the Sengoku period, who served the Takeda clan. He was the successor of his father Hoshina Masatoshi in the ranks of the senior Takeda retainers, and was given command of 250 cavalry.

, Japanese daimyō of the Takeda clan (b. 1542) * October 24 ** Tycho Brahe, Danish astronomer (b. 1546) ** Louis Philip, Count Palatine of Guttenberg, Palatinate-Veldenz (b. 1577) * November 16 –

Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland (18 August 154216 November 1601) was an English nobleman and one of the leaders of the Rising of the North in 1569. He was the son of Henry Neville, 5th Earl of Westmorland and Lady Anne Manners, second ...

, exiled English nobleman (b. 1542) * December 3 – Peter Thyraeus, German theologian (b. 1546) *

December 17 Events Pre-1600 *497 BC – The first Saturnalia festival was celebrated in ancient Rome. * 546 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoths under king Totila plunder the city, by bribing the Byzantine garrison. * 920 – Romanos I Lekape ...

–

Bernardino de Cárdenas y Portugal, Duque de Maqueda Bernardino is a name of Italian, Hispanic, or Portuguese origin, which can refer to: Given name *Bernardino Baldi (1533–1617), Italian mathematician and writer * Bernardino Bertolotti (born 1547), Italian composer and instrumentalist * Bernar ...

, Spanish noble (b. 1553)

Date unknown

* Girolamo Dalla Casa, Italian composer *

Ogawa Suketada Ogawa Suketada (小川祐忠; 1549–1601) was a ''daimyō'' (warlord) in feudal Japan during the Azuchi–Momoyama and Edo periods. Initially Suketada served Akechi Mitsuhide. He participated in 1582 at the Battle of Yamasaki. After Mitsuh ...

, Japanese daimyō (b. 1549) *

Onodera Shigemichi Onodera Shigemichi (小野寺茂道, died in or after 1601) was a samurai commander, keeper of Nishimonai Castle and half-brother of the regional lord (daimyō) Onodera Yoshimichi. Famous for his last stand against the Mogami clan, Shigemichi is ...

, Japanese samurai

References

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