The 1994 expanded World Health Organization AIDS case definition came around through the developments in the understanding of the spectrum of severe HIV-related illness both in developed and developing countries, and the increased availability of laboratory diagnostic methods, a meeting was convened in
Geneva,
Switzerland
). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...
by the
World Health Organization Global Programme on
AIDS
Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a retrovirus. Following initial infection an individual m ...
to review the
(''Bangui definition'') and to modify and expand them for use in adults and adolescents. Both the 1985 World Health Organization AIDS surveillance case definition and the 1994 expanded World Health Organization AIDS case definition are case definitions for AIDS surveillance and not for clinically staging
HIV infection.
The main change from the ''Bangui definition'' is the addition of an
HIV test for HIV
antibody. If this test gives a positive result and one or more of the following conditions, the individual is considered to have AIDS.
* > 10% body weight loss or cachexia, with
diarrhoea or
fever, or both, intermittent or constant for at least 1 month, not known to be due to a condition unrelated to HIV infection.
* cryptococcal
meningitis
Meningitis is acute or chronic inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, collectively called the meninges. The most common symptoms are fever, headache, and neck stiffness. Other symptoms include confusion or ...
* pulmonary or extra-pulmonary
tuberculosis
*
Kaposi's sarcoma
* neurological impairment that is sufficient to prevent independent daily activities, not known to be due to a condition unrelated to HIV infection (for example, trauma, or cerebrovascular accident).
*
candidiasis of the oesophagus (which may be presumptively diagnosed based on the presence of oral candidiasis accompanied by dysphagia.
* clinically diagnosed life-threatening or recurrent episodes of pneumonia, with or without etiological confirmation
* invasive cervical cancer
In a study comparing the 1994 expanded case definition with the clinical definition, the expanded case definition was found to reduce false negatives by including a greater range of symptoms, as well as reduce false positives through inclusion of the HIV antibody test.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:1994 Expanded World Health Organization Aids Case Definition
World Health Organization
History of HIV/AIDS