The 105th Illinois Infantry Regiment was an

infantry Infantry, or infantryman are a type of soldier who specialize in ground combat, typically fighting dismounted. Historically the term was used to describe foot soldiers, i.e. those who march and fight on foot. In modern usage, the term broadl ...

regiment A regiment is a military unit. Its role and size varies markedly, depending on the country, military service, service, or administrative corps, specialisation. In Middle Ages, Medieval Europe, the term "regiment" denoted any large body of l ...

in the Union Army during the

American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861May 26, 1865; also known by Names of the American Civil War, other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union (American Civil War), Union ("the North") and the Confederate States of A ...

. The regiment was made up of volunteers, primarily from the Illinois counties of DeKalb and DuPage but other counties were represented as well. The 105th Regiment served from 1862 through the end of the war in 1865.

Origin

The 105th was formed in response to Presiden
Lincoln's July 1862 Proclamation 121
which requested 300,000 volunteers from throughout the Union to serve for three years. The regiment consisted of ten

companies A company, abbreviated as co., is a legal entity representing an association of legal people, whether natural, juridical or a mixture of both, with a specific objective. Company members share a common purpose and unite to achieve specifi ...

of approximately 100 men each. Six of the companies were made up of men from DeKalb County and four companies came mostly from DuPage County. The regiment was mustered at Fort Dixon in Dixon, Illinois on September 2, 1862. It moved from Dixon to Camp Douglas in Chicago on September 8, 1862. The regiment, commanded by Colonel Daniel Dustin, was initially attached to the Ward's Brigade commanded by General William T. Ward in the 12th Division in the Army of the Ohio.

Organization

* Sept. 1862 - Nov. 1862: Ward's Brigade, Dumont's 12th Division, Army of the Ohio * Nov. 1862 - June 1863: Ward's Brigade, Post of Gallatin, Tenn., Dept. of the Cumberland * June 1863 - Oct. 1863: 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, Reserve Corps, Dept. of the Cumberland * Oct. 1863 - Jan. 1864: Ward's Brigade, Post of Nashville, Tenn., Dept. of the Cumberland * Jan. 1864 - Apr. 1864: 1st Brigade, 1st Division, 11th Army Corps, Army of the Cumberland * Apr. 1864 - June 1865: 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 20th Army Corps, Army of the Cumberland, and Army of Georgia to June, 1865

Officers and Staff

Colonel *Daniel Dustin (Sept. 2,1862-June 7, 1865) Breveted Brig. Gen. Mar. 16,1865 Lieutenant Colonels *Henry F. Vallette (Sept. 2,1862-June 18, 1864) *Everell F. Dutton (June 18, 1864-June 7, 1865) Majors *Everell F. Dutton (Sept. 22,1862-June 18, 1864) *Henry D. Brown (June 18, 1864-June 7, 1865) Adjutants *William N. Phillips (Sept. 2,1862-Dec.2, 1862) *David D. Chandler (Dec.2, 1862-June 7, 1865) Quartermaster *Timothy Wells (Sept. 2,1862-June 7, 1865) Surgeons *Horace S. Potter (Sept. 5,1862-June 2, 1864) *Alfred Waterman (June 2, 1864-June 7, 1865) First Ass't Surgeons *Alfred Waterman (Sept. 2,1862-June 2, 1864) *George W. Beggs (June 2, 1864-June 7, 1865) Second Ass't Surgeon *George W. Beggs (Sept. 2,1862-June 2, 1864) Chaplains. *Levi P. Crawford (Sept. 15, 1862-Dec. 24, 1862) *Daniel Chapman (Dec. 24, 1862-June 7, 1865)

Service

The 105th Illinois Infantry was organized at Dixon,

Illinois Illinois ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern United States. It borders on Lake Michigan to its northeast, the Mississippi River to its west, and the Wabash River, Wabash and Ohio River, Ohio rivers to its ...

, and mustered in for three years of service on September 2, 1862, under the command of

Colonel Colonel ( ; abbreviated as Col., Col, or COL) is a senior military Officer (armed forces), officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, a colon ...

Daniel Dustin. It was recruited in DeKalb and DuPage counties. The regiment was attached to Ward's Brigade, Dumont's 12th Division,

Army of the Ohio The Army of the Ohio was the name of two Union Army, Union armies in the American Civil War. The first army became the Army of the Cumberland and the second army was created in 1863. History 1st Army of the Ohio General Orders No. 97 appointed ...

, to November 1862. Ward's Brigade, Post of Gallatin, Tennessee, Department of the Cumberland, to June 1863. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, Reserve Corps, Department of the Cumberland, to August 1863. Ward's Brigade, Post of Nashville, Tennessee, Department of the Cumberland, to January 1864. 1st Brigade, 1st Division,

XI Corps 11 Corps, 11th Corps, Eleventh Corps, or XI Corps may refer to: * 11th Army Corps (France) * XI Corps (Grande Armée), a unit of the Imperial French Army during the Napoleonic Wars * XI Corps (German Empire), a unit of the Imperial German Army * ...

Army of the Cumberland The Army of the Cumberland was one of the principal Union armies in the Western Theater during the American Civil War. It was originally known as the Army of the Ohio. History The origin of the Army of the Cumberland dates back to the creatio ...

, to April 1864. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, XX Corps, Army of the Cumberland and

Army of Georgia The Army of Georgia was a Union army that constituted the Left Wing of Major General William T. Sherman's Army Group during the March to the Sea and the Carolinas Campaign. Although the Army of Georgia name was soon applied to this force, Wo ...

to June 1865. The 105th Illinois Infantry mustered out of service on June 7, 1865, and discharged at

Chicago Chicago is the List of municipalities in Illinois, most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and in the Midwestern United States. With a population of 2,746,388, as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it is the List of Unite ...

, Illinois, on July 17, 1865.

Casualties

When the 105th left Camp Douglas to begin serving in the field on September 30, 1862, a total of 967 men had been mustered in. By that time, 8 men had either resigned, been discharged or transferred to another unit within the Union military forces. In addition one man had died and 8 men deserted, leaving an active population of 950 men in the regiment. By the time the 105th completed its service on June 7, 1865, 1012 men had mustered into the regiment and 512 mustered out. One hundred and sixty eight men lost their lives, Two hundred and eighty four men were either discharged, resigned, or transferred to other organizations within the Union military. Thirty six men had deserted. Of the 954 men who mustered in at the regiment’s inception on September 2, 1862, 496 mustered out.

References

Sources

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External links

Roster of the 105th Illinois Infantry
Military units and formations established in 1862 Military units and formations disestablished in 1865 Units and formations of the Union army from Illinois 1862 establishments in Illinois