Šuta, (''"Shuta"''), was an

Egyptian ''Egyptian'' describes something of, from, or related to Egypt. Egyptian or Egyptians may refer to: Nations and ethnic groups * Egyptians, a national group in North Africa ** Egyptian culture, a complex and stable culture with thousands of year ...

commissioner of the 1350– 1335 BC Amarna letters correspondence. The name ''Šuta'' is a hypocoristicon-(nickname/petname) for the

Ancient Egypt Ancient Egypt () was a cradle of civilization concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in Northeast Africa. It emerged from prehistoric Egypt around 3150BC (according to conventional Egyptian chronology), when Upper and Lower E ...

ian god

Seth Seth, in the Abrahamic religions, was the third son of Adam and Eve. The Hebrew Bible names two of his siblings (although it also states that he had others): his brothers Cain and Abel. According to , Seth was born after Abel's murder by Cain, ...

, (Seth being the "God of the Desert", and an 'anti-

Horus Horus (), also known as Heru, Har, Her, or Hor () in Egyptian language, Ancient Egyptian, is one of the most significant ancient Egyptian deities who served many functions, most notably as the god of kingship, healing, protection, the sun, and t ...

' god-(duality, Horus/Seth)). The following letters are referenced to commissioner Šuta, ( EA for 'el

Amarna Amarna (; ) is an extensive ancient Egyptian archaeological site containing the ruins of Akhetaten, the capital city during the late Eighteenth Dynasty. The city was established in 1346 BC, built at the direction of the Pharaoh Akhenaten, and a ...

'): :#EA 234—Title: ''"Like Magdalu in

Egypt Egypt ( , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country spanning the Northeast Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to northe ...

"''– Satatna of

Akka Akka or AKKA may refer to: Arts and entertainment * Akka (film), ''Akka'' (film), a 1976 Indian Tamil film * Akka (TV series), ''Akka'' (TV series), a 2014–2015 Indian Tamil soap opera * Akka, a character in the children's novel ''The Wonderful ...

Acre, Israel Acre ( ), known in Hebrew as Akko (, ) and in Arabic as Akka (, ), is a List of cities in Israel, city in the coastal plain region of the Northern District (Israel), Northern District of Israel. The city occupies a strategic location, sitting ...

letter. :#EA 288—Title: ''"Benign neglect"''–

Abdi-Heba Abdi-Ḫeba (Abdi-Kheba, Abdi-Ḫepat, or Abdi-Ḫebat) was a local chieftain of History of Jerusalem, Jerusalem during the Amarna period (mid-1330s BC). Ancient Egypt, Egyptian documents have him deny he was a mayor (''ḫazānu'') and assert he ...

letter. See:

Tjaru Tjaru () was an ancient Egyptian fortress on the ''Way of Horus'' or ''Horus military road'', the major road leading out of Egypt into Canaan. It was known in Greek as Selē (), in Latin as Sile or Sele, and in Coptic as Selē or Slē (). It has ...

The 2 letters of commissioner: ''Šuta''

EA 288, ''"Benign neglect"''

Abdi-Heba's letters, to the

pharaoh Pharaoh (, ; Egyptian language, Egyptian: ''wikt:pr ꜥꜣ, pr ꜥꜣ''; Meroitic language, Meroitic: 𐦲𐦤𐦧, ; Biblical Hebrew: ''Parʿō'') was the title of the monarch of ancient Egypt from the First Dynasty of Egypt, First Dynasty ( ...

, are of moderate length, and topically discuss the intrigues of the cities, that are adjacent to Jerusalem, (a region named:

Upu The Universal Postal Union (UPU, ) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) that coordinates postal policies among member nations and facilitates a uniform worldwide postal system. It has 192 member states and is headquartered in Be ...

). Letter EA 288: (Abdi-Heba no. 4 of 6) :Say the king-(i.e.

), my lord, y Su: ssage of '

, your servant. I fall at the feet of the king, my lord, 7 times and 7 times. Behold, the king, my lord, has placed his name at the rising of the sun and at the setting of the sun. It is, therefore, impious what they have done to me. Behold, I am not a mayor;—I am a soldier of the king, my lord. Behold, I am a ''friend'' of the king and a

tribute A tribute (; from Latin ''tributum'', "contribution") is wealth, often in kind, that a party gives to another as a sign of submission, allegiance or respect. Various ancient states exacted tribute from the rulers of lands which the state con ...

–bearer of the king. It was neither my father nor my mother, but the strong arm of the king that aced me in the house of yfath r .. cme to me ... .. I gave over o ''his'' chare 10–

slave Slavery is the ownership of a person as property, especially in regards to their labour. Slavery typically involves compulsory work, with the slave's location of work and residence dictated by the party that holds them in bondage. Enslavemen ...

s, ''Šuta'', the

commissioner A commissioner (commonly abbreviated as Comm'r) is, in principle, a member of a commission or an individual who has been given a commission (official charge or authority to do something). In practice, the title of commissioner has evolved to incl ...

of the king, ca e t me; I gave over to ''Šuta's'' charge 21–girls, –prisoners, as a

gift A gift or present is an item given to someone (who is not already the owner) without the expectation of payment or anything in return. Although gift-giving might involve an expectation of reciprocity, a gift is intended to be free. In many cou ...

for the king, my lord. May the king give thought to his land; the land of the king is lost. ''All of it has attacked'' me. I am at war as far as the land of Šeru and as far as Ginti-kirmil. All the mayors are at peace, but I am at war. I am treated like an 'Apiru, and I do not visit the king, my lord, since I am at war. I am situated like a

ship A ship is a large watercraft, vessel that travels the world's oceans and other Waterway, navigable waterways, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized missions, such as defense, research and fishing. Ships are generally disti ...

in the midst of the sea. The strong hand (arm) of the king took the land of Nahrima-( Mittani), and the land of Kasi-(Kush), but now the 'Apiru have taken the very cities of the king. Not a single mayor remains to the king, my lord; all are lost. Behold, Turbazu was slain in the

city gate A city gate is a gate which is, or was, set within a city wall. It is a type of fortified gateway. Uses City gates were traditionally built to provide a point of controlled access to and departure from a walled city for people, vehicles, goods ...

of Silu-(

). The king did nothing. Behold, servants who were joined to the 'Api ''smote'' Zimredda of Lakisu, and Yaptih-Hadda was slain in the city gate of Silu. The king did nothing. '' h'' has he not called them to account? May the king roide for is landand may he e to it tha

archers Archery is the sport, practice, or skill of using a Bow and arrow, bow to shooting, shoot arrows.Paterson ''Encyclopaedia of Archery'' p. 17 The word comes from the Latin ''arcus'', meaning bow. Historically, archery has been used for hunting ...

ome ou to h sland. If there are no archers this year, all the lands of the king, my lord, are lost. They have not reported to the king that the lands of the king, my lord, are lost and all the mayors lost. If there are no archers this year, may the king send a commissioner to fetch me, me along with my brothers, and then we will die near the king, our lord. othe

scribe A scribe is a person who serves as a professional copyist, especially one who made copies of manuscripts before the invention of Printing press, automatic printing. The work of scribes can involve copying manuscripts and other texts as well as ...

of the king, my lord: essageof 'Abdi-Heba, servant-( (your) servant). fall a[t (your) feet">Prostration_formula.html" ;"title=" Prostration formula">fall a[t (your) feet Present [the words-(words=''"discourse"'') that I hav]e offered to [the king, my lord]" I am your servant [and] your [s]on. -EA 288, lines 1-66 (complete, with Lacuna (manuscripts), lacuna)

EA 234, ''"Like Magdalu in Egypt"''

Letter no. 2 of 3 by Satatna of Akka-(now

). :To the king, m lord, the Sun from the sky: Message of Satatna, the ruler of

, your servant, the servant of the king, and the dirt at his feet, the ground on which he treads. prostrate myself at the feet of the king, my lord, the Sun from the sky, 7 times and 7 times, both on the stomach and the back. :May the king, my lord, heed the word of his servant. iramyašda des red ryawaza. He w swith ''Šuta'' a ... ..of the king, in ''the gar ison'' city. He said t ig him. Out came the troops of the king, my lord. He w swith them in Magidd Nothing was said to hi Then he deserted to me, and ''Šuta'' has just written to me,—"Hand over Zirdamyašda to Biryawaza." But I have not agreed to hand him over. Akka is like Magdalu in

-(named Mizri), and has the king 'my lord'' not ard ''that Šuta'' is ''turned'' against me? May the king, my lord, en his omissioner to fet hhim. -EA 234, lines 1-35 (lost partial of sentence)

References

* Moran, William L. ''The Amarna Letters.'' Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987, 1992. (softcover, ) {{DEFAULTSORT:Suta Amarna letters officials Canaanite people

The 2 letters of commissioner: ''Šuta''

EA 288, ''"Benign neglect"''

EA 234, ''"Like Magdalu in Egypt"''

See also

References