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Variadic Template
In computer programming, variadic templates are templates that take a variable number of arguments. Variadic templates are supported by C++ (since the C++11 standard), and the D programming language. C++ The variadic template feature of C++ was designed by Douglas Gregor and Jaakko Järvi and was later standardized in C++11. Prior to C++11, templates (classes and functions) could only take a fixed number of arguments, which had to be specified when a template was first declared. C++11 allows template definitions to take an arbitrary number of arguments of any type. template class tuple; // takes zero or more arguments The above template class will take any number of typenames as its template parameters. Here, an instance of the above template class is instantiated with three type arguments: tuple some_instance_name; The number of arguments can be zero, so will also work. If the variadic template should only allow a positive number of arguments, then th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Computer Programming
Computer programming or coding is the composition of sequences of instructions, called computer program, programs, that computers can follow to perform tasks. It involves designing and implementing algorithms, step-by-step specifications of procedures, by writing source code, code in one or more programming languages. Programmers typically use high-level programming languages that are more easily intelligible to humans than machine code, which is directly executed by the central processing unit. Proficient programming usually requires expertise in several different subjects, including knowledge of the Domain (software engineering), application domain, details of programming languages and generic code library (computing), libraries, specialized algorithms, and Logic#Formal logic, formal logic. Auxiliary tasks accompanying and related to programming include Requirements analysis, analyzing requirements, Software testing, testing, debugging (investigating and fixing problems), imple ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Template (programming)
Templates are a feature of the C++ programming language that allows functions and classes to operate with generic types. This allows a function or class declaration to reference via a generic variable another different class (built-in or newly declared data type) without creating full declaration for each of these different classes. In plain terms, a templated class or function would be the equivalent of (before "compiling") copying and pasting the templated block of code where it is used, and then replacing the template parameter with the actual one. For this reason, classes employing templated methods place the implementation in the headers (*.h files) as no symbol could be compiled without knowing the type beforehand. The C++ Standard Library provides many useful functions within a framework of connected templates. Major inspirations for C++ templates were the parameterized modules provided by the language CLU and the generics provided by Ada. Technical overview T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
C++11
C++11 is a version of a joint technical standard, ISO/IEC 14882, by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), for the C++ programming language. C++11 replaced the prior version of the C++ standard, named C++03, and was later replaced by C++14. The name follows the tradition of naming language versions by the publication year of the specification, though it was formerly named ''C++0x'' because it was expected to be published before 2010. Although one of the design goals was to prefer changes to the libraries over changes to the core language, C++11 does make several additions to the core language. Areas of the core language that were significantly improved include multithreading support, generic programming support, uniform initialization, and performance. Significant changes were also made to the C++ Standard Library, incorporating most of the C++ Technical Report 1 (TR1) libraries, except the library ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
D (programming Language)
D, also known as dlang, is a multi-paradigm system programming language created by Walter Bright at Digital Mars and released in 2001. Andrei Alexandrescu joined the design and development effort in 2007. Though it originated as a re-engineering of C++, D is now a very different language. As it has developed, it has drawn inspiration from other high-level programming languages. Notably, it has been influenced by Java, Python, Ruby, C#, and Eiffel. The D language reference describes it as follows: Features D is not source-compatible with C and C++ source code in general. However, any code that is legal in both C/C++ and D should behave in the same way. Like C++, D has closures, anonymous functions, compile-time function execution, design by contract, ranges, built-in container iteration concepts, and type inference. D's declaration, statement and expression syntaxes also closely match those of C++. Unlike C++, D also implements garbage collection, first cl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ellipsis (computer Programming)
The ellipsis (, plural ellipses; from , , ), rendered , alternatively described as suspension points/dots, points/periods of ellipsis, or ellipsis points, or colloquialism, colloquially, dot-dot-dot,. According to Toner it is difficult to establish when the "dot dot dot" phrase was first used. There is an early instance, which is perhaps the first in a piece of fiction, in Virginia Woolf's short story "An Unwritten Novel" (1920). is a punctuation mark consisting of a series of three dots. An ellipsis can be used in many ways, such as for intentional omission of text or numbers, to imply a concept without using words. Style guides differ on how to render an ellipsis in printed material. Style Opinions differ on how to render an ellipsis in printed material and are to some extent based on the technology used for rendering. According to ''The Chicago Manual of Style'', it should consist of three full stop, periods, each separated from its neighbor by a non-breaking space: . Acc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Function Overloading
In some programming languages, function overloading or method overloading is the ability to create multiple functions of the same name with different implementations. Calls to an overloaded function will run a specific implementation of that function appropriate to the context of the call, allowing one function call to perform different tasks depending on context. Basic definition For example, and are overloaded functions. To call the latter, an object must be passed as a parameter, whereas the former does not require a parameter, and is called with an empty parameter field. A common error would be to assign a default value to the object in the second function, which would result in an ''ambiguous call'' error, as the compiler wouldn't know which of the two methods to use. Another example is a function that executes different actions based on whether it's printing text or photos. The two different functions may be overloaded as If we write the overloaded print functions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fold (higher-order Function)
In functional programming, fold (also termed reduce, accumulate, aggregate, compress, or inject) refers to a family of higher-order functions that analyze a recursive data structure and through use of a given combining operation, recombine the results of recursively processing its constituent parts, building up a return value. Typically, a fold is presented with a combining function, a top node of a data structure, and possibly some default values to be used under certain conditions. The fold then proceeds to combine elements of the data structure's hierarchy, using the function in a systematic way. Folds are in a sense dual to unfolds, which take a ''seed'' value and apply a function corecursively to decide how to progressively construct a corecursive data structure, whereas a fold recursively breaks that structure down, replacing it with the results of applying a combining function at each node on its terminal values and the recursive results ( catamorphism, versus anamorp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Variadic Function
In mathematics and in computer programming, a variadic function is a function of indefinite arity, i.e., one which accepts a variable number of arguments. Support for variadic functions differs widely among programming languages. The term ''variadic'' is a neologism, dating back to 1936/1937. The term was not widely used until the 1970s. Overview There are many mathematical and logical operations that come across naturally as variadic functions. For instance, the summing of numbers or the concatenation of strings or other sequences are operations that can be thought of as applicable to any number of operands (even though formally in these cases the associative property is applied). Another operation that has been implemented as a variadic function in many languages is output formatting. The C function and the Common Lisp function are two such examples. Both take one argument that specifies the formatting of the output, and ''any number'' of arguments that provide the value ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Variadic Macro
A variadic macro is a feature of some computer programming languages, especially the C preprocessor, whereby a macro may be declared to accept a varying number of arguments. Variable-argument macros were introduced in 1999 in the ''ISO/IEC 9899:1999'' ( C99) revision of the C language standard, and in 2011 in ''ISO/IEC 14882:2011'' (C++11) revision of the C++ language standard. Support for variadic macros with no arguments was added in C++20 and will be added in C23. Declaration syntax The declaration syntax is similar to that of variadic functions: a sequence of three full stops "" is used to indicate that one or more arguments must be passed. During macro expansion each occurrence of the special identifier in the macro replacement list is replaced by the passed arguments. Additionally, regular macro arguments may be listed before the ..., but regular arguments may not be listed after the .... No means is provided to access individual arguments in the variable argument ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
C Preprocessor
The C preprocessor (CPP) is a text file processor that is used with C, C++ and other programming tools. The preprocessor provides for file inclusion (often header files), macro expansion, conditional compilation, and line control. Although named in association with C and used with C, the preprocessor capabilities are not inherently tied to the C language. It can and is used to process other kinds of files. C, C++, and Objective-C compilers provide a preprocessor capability, as it is required by the definition of each language. Some compilers provide extensions and deviations from the target language standard. Some provide options to control standards compliance. For instance, the GNU C preprocessor can be made more standards compliant by supplying certain command-line flags. The C# programming language also allows for directives, even though they cannot be used for creating macros, and is generally more intended for features such as conditional compilation. C# seldom re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Computer Programming
Computer programming or coding is the composition of sequences of instructions, called computer program, programs, that computers can follow to perform tasks. It involves designing and implementing algorithms, step-by-step specifications of procedures, by writing source code, code in one or more programming languages. Programmers typically use high-level programming languages that are more easily intelligible to humans than machine code, which is directly executed by the central processing unit. Proficient programming usually requires expertise in several different subjects, including knowledge of the Domain (software engineering), application domain, details of programming languages and generic code library (computing), libraries, specialized algorithms, and Logic#Formal logic, formal logic. Auxiliary tasks accompanying and related to programming include Requirements analysis, analyzing requirements, Software testing, testing, debugging (investigating and fixing problems), imple ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Articles With Example C++ Code
Article often refers to: * Article (grammar), a grammatical element used to indicate definiteness or indefiniteness * Article (publishing), a piece of nonfictional prose that is an independent part of a publication Article(s) may also refer to: Government and law * Elements of treaties of the European Union * Articles of association, the regulations governing a company, used in India, the UK and other countries; called articles of incorporation in the US * Articles of clerkship, the contract accepted to become an articled clerk * Articles of Confederation, the predecessor to the current United States Constitution * Article of impeachment, a formal document and charge used for impeachment in the United States * Article of manufacture, in the United States patent law, a category of things that may be patented * Articles of organization, for limited liability organizations, a US equivalent of articles of association Other uses * Article element , in HTML * "Articles", a song ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
