|
Titanosauriform
Macronaria is a clade of sauropod dinosaurs. Macronarians are named after the large diameter of the nasal opening of their skull, known as the external naris, which exceeded the size of the orbit, the skull opening where the eye is located (hence ''macro''- meaning large, and –''naria'' meaning nose). Fossil evidence suggests that macronarian dinosaurs lived from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) through the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian). Macronarians have been found globally, including discoveries in Argentina, the United States, Portugal, China, and Tanzania. Like other sauropods, they are known to have inhabited primarily terrestrial areas, and little evidence exists to suggest that they spent much time in coastal environments. Macronarians are diagnosed through their distinct characters on their skulls, as well as appendicular and vertebral characters. Macronaria is composed of several subclades and families notably including Camarasauridae and Titanosauriformes, among severa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
"Brachiosaurus" Nougaredi
''Brachiosaurus'' () is a genus of sauropod dinosaur that lived in North America during the Late Jurassic, about . It was first described by American paleontologist Elmer S. Riggs in 1903 from fossils found in the Colorado River valley in western Colorado, United States. Riggs named the dinosaur ''Brachiosaurus altithorax''; the generic name is Greek for "arm lizard", in reference to its proportionately long arms, and the specific name means "deep chest". ''Brachiosaurus'' is estimated to have been between long; body mass estimates of the subadult holotype specimen range from . It had a disproportionately long neck, small skull, and large overall size, all of which are typical for sauropods. Atypically, ''Brachiosaurus'' had longer forelimbs than hindlimbs, which resulted in a steeply inclined trunk, and a proportionally shorter tail. ''Brachiosaurus'' is the namesake genus of the family Brachiosauridae, which includes a handful of other similar sauropods. Most popular ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Europasaurus
''Europasaurus'' (meaning 'Europe lizard') is a basal macronarian sauropod, a form of quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur. It lived during the Late Jurassic (middle Kimmeridgian, from about 154 to 151 million years ago) of northern Germany, and has been identified as an example of insular dwarfism resulting from the isolation of a sauropod population on an island within the Lower Saxony basin. Discovery and naming In 1998, a single sauropod tooth was discovered by private fossil collector Holger Lüdtke in an active quarry at Langenberg Mountain, between the communities of Oker, Harlingerode and Göttingerode in Germany. The Langenberg chalk quarry had been active for more than a century; rocks are quarried using blasting and are mostly processed into fertilisers. The quarry exposes a nearly continuous, thick succession of carbonate rocks belonging to the Süntel Formation, that ranges in age from the early Oxfordian to late Kimmeridgian stages and have been deposited in a s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Fukuititan
''Fukuititan'' (meaning "giant from Fukui prefecture") is a genus of Sauropoda, sauropod dinosaur that lived during the Early Cretaceous (either Barremian or Aptian age) in the Kitadani Formation in what is now Japan. The genus contains a single species, ''Fukuititan nipponensis''. The discovery of ''Fukuititan'' shed light on Japanese titanosauriforms, which are generally very poorly-known. Discovery and naming The fossils that would eventually be named ''Fukuititan'' were discovered in the summer of 2007 at the Kitadani Dinosaur Quarry, near the Sugiyama River, by an expedition in association with the Fukui Prefectural Dinosaur Museum, which is where the specimen would eventually be reposited. The holotype and only specimen of ''Fukuititan'', given the specimen number FPDM-V8468, was described in 2010 in paleontology, 2010 by Japanese scientists Yoichi Azuma and Masateru Shibata, who were working for the museum in which it was stored. It was given the species epithet ''"nippon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Fushanosaurus
''Fushanosaurus'' (; meaning "Fushan lizard", after the Fushan Museum where its remains are stored) is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Shishugou Formation from Xinjiang Province in China. The type and only species is ''Fushanosaurus qitaiensis'' (). It is solely known from the holotype A holotype (Latin: ''holotypus'') is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described. It is either the single such physical example (or illustration) or one of s ... specimen FH000101, a complete right femur. The holotype femur of ''F. qitaiensis'' is long. By comparison to two other giant sauropods from Asia, '' Ruyangosaurus'' and '' Daxiatitan'', ''Fushanosaurus'' was estimated to have been approximately long, which would then make it one of the longest known dinosaurs. ''Fushanosaurus'' was originally described as a titanosauriform, but the features initially believed to indicate titanosauriform ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Huanghetitan
''Huanghetitan'' (meaning "Yellow River titan"), is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the early Cretaceous Period. It was a basal titanosauriformes, titanosauriform which lived in what is now Gansu, China. History The type species, ''Huanghetitan liujiaxiaensis'', was described by You ''et al.'' in 2006. It is known from fragmentary materials including two caudal vertebrae, an almost complete sacrum, rib fragments, and the left shoulder girdle, and was discovered in the eastern part of the Lanzhou Basin (Hekou Group) in the Gansu Province in 2004. A second species, ''H. ruyangensis'', was described in 2007 from the Aptian-Albian Haoling Formation of Ruyang County, China (Henan Province). A recent cladistic analysis has found that this species is unlikely to be closely related to ''H. liujiaxiaensis'' and requires a new genus name. Description ''H. liujiaxiaensis'' is a relatively small sauropod, measuring long and weighing . ''H. ruyangensis'' is known from a partial ver ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Pukyongosaurus
''Pukyongosaurus'' (meaning "Pukyong lizard", after the Pukyong National University) is a genus of titanosauriform dinosaur that lived in South Korea during the Early Cretaceous Period (Aptian - Albian). It may have been closely related to ''Euhelopus'', and is known from a series of vertebrae in the neck and back. The characteristics that were originally used to distinguish this genus have been criticized as being either widespread or too poorly preserved to evaluate, rendering the genus an indeterminate nomen dubium among titanosauriforms. The 2022 study noted that ''Pukyongosaurus'' is probably a somphospondylan. Discovery In 2000, several fragments of a sauropod skeleton were discovered in the Hasandong Formation in Hadong County, South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the southern half of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and borders North Korea along the Korean Demilitarized Zone, with the Yellow Sea to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Oceanotitan
''Oceanotitan'' (meaning "ocean giant") is a genus of sauropod dinosaur known from the Upper Jurassic (latest Kimmeridgian stage, about 149 million years ago) Lourinha Formation of Portugal. It is represented by a single specimen consisting of several tail vertebrae and appendicular bones. It contains one species, ''Oceanotitan dantasi''. ''Oceanotitan'' is classified as possibly one of the earliest members of the Somphospondyli, a group of sauropods that includes the titanosaurs. Discovery and naming The holotype and only specimen of ''Oceanotitan'', SHN 181, is stored at the Sociedade de História Natural, in Torres Vedras, Portugal. It was discovered at the coastal cliffs of Praia de Valmitão in Lourinhã, by a private collector who donated his collection to the municipality of Torres Vedras. The rocks that it was found in correspond to the Praia da Amoreira-Porto Novo Member of the Lourinha Formation, dating to the latest Kimmeridgian stage of the Late Jurassic, about 14 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Qiaowanlong
''Qiaowanlong'' (meaning "Qiaowan dragon") is an extinct genus of sauropod dinosaur. Fossils belonging to the genus were found in the Yujinzi Basin of what is today Gansu Province, China. The remains come from a geological formation called the Xiagou Formation in the Xinminpu Group, dating to the late Aptian Stage of the Early Cretaceous. Discovery and naming The holotype of ''Qiaowanlong'', given the designation FRDC GJ 07-14, was discovered in 2007 by a field expedition of the Fossil Research Development Center (FRDC), who were working on behalf of the provincial government of Gansu. One of the vertebrae of the specimen was broken during transport, but the specimen was excavated and moved to the Gansu Provincial Bureau of Geo-exploration and Mineral Development where they were prepared over the course of the next two years. The description was finally published in 2009 in the ''Proceedings of the Royal Society'' B by the Chinese scientists Hai-Lu You and Da-Qing Li. The nam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Jiutaisaurus
''Jiutaisaurus'' (meaning "Jiutai lizard") is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Quantou Formation of Jilin, China. ''Jiutaisaurus'' was a sauropod which lived during the Cretaceous. The type species, ''Jiutaisaurus xidiensis'', was described by Wu ''et al.'' in 2006, and is based on eighteen vertebrae. It probably lived alongside '' Changchunsaurus'' and '' Helioceratops''. Discovery and naming In September 2003, a team from Jilin University conducted a fossil excavation in Xidi Village, Jiutai, and recovered 18 caudal vertebrae from a sauropod, as well as some other fossils. In March 2006, Wu Wenhao, Dong Zhiming, Sun Yuewu, Li Chuntian, and Li Tao described the vertebrae as a new genus and species, ''Jiutaisaurus xidiensis'' ( zh, s=西地九台龙, p=Xīdì Jiǔtáilóng), named for the discovery site. Fossil record ''Jiutaisaurus xidiensis'' is known only from the holotype specimen, CAD-02, which was recovered from the Cretaceous-aged Quantou Formation. The specimen co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Astrodon
''Astrodon'' is a genus of large herbivorous sauropod dinosaur, measuring in length, in height and in body mass. It lived in what is now the eastern United States during the Early Cretaceous period, and fossils have been found in the Arundel Formation, which has been dated through palynomorphs to the Albian about 112 to 110 million years ago. Discovery and species Two dinosaur teeth were received in late November 1858 by chemist Philip Thomas Tyson from John D. Latchford. They had been found in Latchford's open iron ore pit in the Arundel Formation at Swampoodle near Muirkirk in Prince George's County, Maryland. Tyson let them be studied by the dentist Christopher Johnston, professor at the Baltimore Dental College, who cut one tooth in half and thereby discovered a characteristic star-formed cross-section. Johnston named ''Astrodon'' in 1859. However, he did not attach a specific epithet, so Joseph Leidy is credited with naming ''Astrodon johnstoni'' (the type species) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Ornithopsis
''Ornithopsis'' (meaning "bird-likeness") is a genus of sauropod dinosaur, from the Early Cretaceous of England and possibly Germany. The type species, which is the only species seen as valid today, is ''O. hulkei,'' which is only known from fragmentary remains. History of discovery Gideon Algernon Mantell described many fossils that had been previously collected from the Tilgate Forest of the Early Cretaceous Wealden Formation in his 1833 paper on the geology of southeast England, including a bone he considered to be the of ''Iguanodon'', otherwise only known definitively from teeth that had been found in the area since 1822. The bone was redescribed by Richard Owen in 1854, who reaffirmed its referral as a quadrate of ''Iguanodon'', but also suggested it could be the same bone of '' Streptospondylus'' or ''Cetiosaurus'' as it was not directly associated with the characteristic teeth of ''Iguanodon''. This specimen is stored as British Museum of Natural History R2239, havi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Janenschia
''Janenschia'' (named after Werner Janensch) is a large herbivorous sauropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic Tendaguru Formation of Lindi Region, Tanzania around 155 million years ago. Discovery and naming ''Janenschia'' has had a convoluted nomenclatural history. In 1907, Eberhard Fraas at "site P", nine hundred metres to the southeast of Tendaguru Hill, discovered two skeletons of gigantic sauropods. They were designated as "Skeleton A" and "Skeleton B". The fossils were transported to the collection of the '' Stuttgarter Naturaliensammlung'' in Stuttgart, Germany. Fraas in 1908 decided to name both skeletons as different species of one genus, ''Gigantosaurus''. Skeleton A became ''Gigantosaurus africanus'' and skeleton B became ''Gigantosaurus robustus''. The latter species was based on the holotype partial skeleton SMNS 12144, consisting of a right hindlimb. The specific name was inspired by the heavy build of the animal. While doing so, Fraas knew full well that the name '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
