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Tilia
''Tilia'' is a genus of about 30 species of trees or bushes, native throughout most of the temperateness, temperate Northern Hemisphere. The tree is known as linden for the European species, and basswood for North American species. In Great Britain and Ireland they are commonly called lime trees, although they are not related to the citrus Lime (fruit), lime. The genus occurs in Europe and eastern North America, but the greatest species diversity is found in Asia. Under the Cronquist system, Cronquist classification system, this genus was placed in the family Tiliaceae, but genetic research summarised by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group has resulted in the incorporation of this genus, and of most of the previous family, into the Malvaceae. ''Tilia'' is the only known ectomycorrhizal genus in the family Malvaceae. Studies of ectomycorrhizal relations of ''Tilia'' species indicate a wide range of fungal symbionts and a preference toward Ascomycota fungal partners. Description ''T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tilia Tomentosa
''Tilia tomentosa'', known as silver linden in the US and silver lime in the UK, is a species of flowering plant in the family (biology), family Malvaceae, native plant, native to southeastern Europe and southwestern Asia, from Romania and the Balkans east to western Turkey, occurring at moderate altitudes.Rushforth, K. (1999). ''Trees of Britain and Europe''. Collins .Flora Europaea''Tilia tomentosa''/ref> Description ''Tilia tomentosa'' is a deciduous tree growing to tall, with a trunk up to in diameter. The leaf, leaves are alternately arranged, rounded to triangular-ovate, 4–13 cm long and broad with a 2.5–4 cm petiole, green and mostly hairless above, densely white tomentose with white hairs below, and with a coarsely toothed margin. The flowers are pale yellow, plant sexuality, hermaphrodite, produced in Cyme (botany), cymes of three to ten in mid to late summer with a pale green subtending leafy bract; they have a strong scent and are pollinated by honeyb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tilia Amurensis
''Tilia amurensis'', commonly known as the Amur lime or Amur linden, is a species of ''Tilia'' native to eastern Asia. It differs from the better-known ''Tilia cordata'' in having somewhat smaller leaves, bracts and cymes. It is an important timber tree in Russia, China and Korea, and is occasionally planted as a street tree in cities with colder climates. Description ''Tilia amurensis'' is a medium sized shade tree which can grow up to tall. The appearance is quite similar to '' Tilia japonica'' besides the difference in size of leaves, bracts and a shorter cyme. ''Tilia amurensis'' is a hermaphrodite, which means it contains both female and male organs, and is mainly pollinated by insects. Habitat ''Tilia amurensis'' prefers a medium moisture level and fertile, well drained, loamy soil. It has the ability to adapt to several different ranges of soil conditions as well as a good tolerance for urban conditions. It is often found in mixed forests across China, North Korea, So ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tilia Caroliniana
''Tilia caroliniana'' Mill. is a species of tree in the family Malvaceae native to the southern and south-eastern states of the U.S., and Mexico. Taxonomy ''T. caroliniana'' consists of 4 subspecies: * ''T. caroliniana subsp. caroliniana'' * ''T. caroliniana subsp. floridana'' Small (E. Murray) * ''T. caroliniana subsp. heterophylla'' (Vent.) Pigott) * ''T. caroliniana subsp. occidentalis'' (Rose) Pigott) Trees described as belonging to ''Tilia mexicana'', belong to either subsp. ''floridana'' or subsp. ''occidentalis''. However, the taxonomy of American species of ''Tilia'' remains a matter of contention. DNA analysis, which has clarified much of the taxonomy of genera such as ''Ulmus'', has yet to be applied to ''Tilia''. Pigott (2012) wrote:Pigott, Donald (2012). p.253 The complexity of variation in American ''Tilia'' is not readily treated by classical taxonomy, and attempts to do so have resulted in the description of a profusion of species and varieties that are often ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tilia Americana
''Tilia americana'' is a species of tree in the family Malvaceae, native to eastern North America, from southeast Manitoba east to New Brunswick, southwest to northeast Oklahoma, southeast to South Carolina, and west along the Niobrara River to Cherry County, Nebraska. It is the sole representative of its genus in the Western Hemisphere, assuming ''T. caroliniana'' is treated as a subspecies or local ecotype of ''T. americana''. Common names include American basswood and American linden. Description The American basswood is a medium-sized to large deciduous tree reaching a height of exceptionally with a trunk diameter of at maturity. It grows faster than many North American hardwoods, often twice the annual growth rate of American beech and many birch species. Life expectancy is around 200 years, with flowering and seeding generally occurring between 15 and 100 years, though occasionally seed production may start as early as eight years. The crown is domed, the branche ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tilia Chingiana
''Tilia chingiana'' Hu & W.C.Cheng is a medium-sized tree native to the provinces of Anhui, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, and Zhejiang in China.Tang, Y., Gilbert, M. G., & Dorr, L. J. Tiliaceae, in Wu, Z. & Raven, P. (eds) (2007). ''Flora of China'', Vol. 12. Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, USA./ref> Description ''Tilia chingiana'' is a deciduous tree growing to 15 m tall, its bark grey and smooth. The cordate leaves are offset at the base, 5–10 cm long, and borne on 2.5–4.0 cm petioles. In China the tree flowers during June and July. The seeds occur singly or in pairs, and are relatively large, averaging 12 mm long by 8 mm diameter; over four times the size of Small-leafed lime seeds. Image:Tilia chingiana leaf.jpg, ''T. chingiana'' leaf Image:Tilia chingiana individual flower.jpg, ''T. chingiana'' flower Image:Tilia chingiana flowers 2.jpg, ''T. chingiana'' cyme Image:Tilia chingiana seeds photographed in Octo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tilia × Europaea
''Tilia'' × ''europaea'', generally known as the European lime, common lime (British Isles) or common linden, is a naturally occurring Hybrid (biology), hybrid between ''Tilia cordata'' (small-leaved lime) and ''Tilia platyphyllos'' (large-leaved lime). It occurs in the wild in Europe at scattered localities wherever the two parent species are both native plant, native.Rushforth, K. (1999). ''Trees of Britain and Europe''. Collins . It is not closely related to the lime (fruit), lime fruit tree, a citrus species. Description ''Tilia'' × ''europaea'' is a large deciduous tree up to tall with a trunk up to . The base of the trunk often features Burl, burrs and a dense mass of brushwood. The leaves are intermediate between the parents, long and broad, thinly hairy below with tufts of denser hairs in the leaf vein axils. The flowers are produced in clusters of four to ten in early summer with a leafy yellow-green subtending bract; they are fragrant, and pollinated by bees. The f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tiliaceae
Tiliaceae () is a family of flowering plants. It is not a part of the APG, APG II and APG III classifications, being sunk in Malvaceae mostly as the subfamilies Tilioideae, Brownlowioideae and Grewioideae, but has an extensive historical record of use. All through its existence the family has had a very lively history, with various authors taking very different views on what should be part of this family. As a result, it is recommended when this name is encountered to check what the author means. However, in the northern temperate regions the name is unambiguous as the only representative is ''Tilia'', the lime or linden. APG II system The APG II system, does not recognise this as a family but submerges it in the Malvaceae sensu lato, which unites the four families Bombacaceae, Malvaceae sensu stricto, Sterculiaceae and Tiliaceae. Modern botanical taxonomy, such as the relevant volume in the Kubitzki series which conforms to APG, treats most of the plants that tradit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tilia Chinensis
''Tilia chinensis'' (Chinese linden, ) is a species of lime or linden tree that is endemic to China. It flowers in July or August when honey bees collect honey Honey is a sweet and viscous substance made by several species of bees, the best-known of which are honey bees. Honey is made and stored to nourish bee colonies. Bees produce honey by gathering and then refining the sugary secretions of pl ... from its flowers. Especially famous is honey taken from the Chinese linden flowers in Changbai Mountain. References chinensis Trees of China Endemic flora of China Plants described in 1889 Taxa named by Karl Maximovich {{Malvaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malvaceae
Malvaceae (), or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include Theobroma cacao, cacao, Cola (plant), cola, cotton, okra, Hibiscus sabdariffa, roselle and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ornamentals, such as ''Alcea'' (hollyhock), ''Malva'' (mallow), and ''Tilia'' (lime or linden tree). The genera with the largest numbers of species include ''Hibiscus'' (434 species), ''Pavonia (plant), Pavonia'' (291 species), ''Sida (plant), Sida'' (275 species), ''Ayenia'' (216 species), ''Dombeya'' (197 species), and ''Sterculia'' (181 species). Taxonomy and nomenclature The circumscription of the Malvaceae is controversial. The traditional Malvaceae ''sensu stricto'' comprise a very homogeneous and cladistically Monophyly, monophyletic group. Another major circumscription, Malvaceae ''sensu lato'', has been more recently defined on the basis that genetics studies ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coppicing
Coppicing is the traditional method in woodland management of cutting down a tree to a tree stump, stump, which in many species encourages new Shoot (botany), shoots to grow from the stump or roots, thus ultimately regrowing the tree. A forest or grove that has been subject to coppicing is called a copse or coppice, in which young tree stems are repeatedly cut down to near ground level. The resulting living stumps are called Living stump, stools. New growth emerges, and after a number of years, the coppiced trees are harvested, and the cycle begins anew. Pollarding is a similar process carried out at a higher level on the tree in order to prevent grazing animals from eating new shoots. ''Daisugi'' (台杉, where ''sugi'' refers to Japanese cedar) is a similar Japanese technique. Many silviculture practices involve cutting and regrowth; coppicing has been of significance in many parts of lowland temperate Europe. The widespread and long-term practice of coppicing as a landscape ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cronquist System
The Cronquist system is a list of systems of plant taxonomy, taxonomic classification system of angiosperms, flowering plants. It was developed by Arthur Cronquist in a series of monographs and texts, including ''The Evolution and Classification of Flowering Plants'' (1968; 2nd edition, 1988) and ''An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants'' (1981) (''see'' #Bibliography, Bibliography). Cronquist's system places flowering plants into two broad classes, Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons) and Liliopsida (monocotyledons). Within these classes, related orders are grouped into subclasses. While the scheme was widely used, in either the original form or in adapted versions, many botanists now use the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants, first developed in 1998. The system as laid out in Cronquist's ''An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants'' (1981) counts 64 orders and 321 families in class Magnoliopsida a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ectomycorrhiza
An ectomycorrhiza (from Greek ἐκτός ', "outside", μύκης ', "fungus", and ῥίζα ', "root"; ectomycorrhizas or ectomycorrhizae, abbreviated EcM) is a form of symbiotic relationship that occurs between a fungal symbiont, or mycobiont, and the roots of various plant species. The mycobiont is often from the phyla Basidiomycota and Ascomycota, and more rarely from the Zygomycota. Ectomycorrhizas form on the roots of around 2% of plant species, usually woody plants, including species from the birch, dipterocarp, myrtle, beech, willow, pine and rose families. Research on ectomycorrhizas is increasingly important in areas such as ecosystem management and restoration, forestry and agriculture. Unlike other mycorrhizal relationships, such as arbuscular mycorrhiza and ericoid mycorrhiza, ectomycorrhizal fungi do not penetrate their host's cell walls. Instead they form an entirely intercellular interface known as the Hartig net, consisting of highly branched hyphae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
