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State Management
State management refers to the management of the state of one or more user interface controls such as text fields, OK buttons, radio buttons, etc. in a graphical user interface. In this user interface programming technique, the state of one UI control depends on the state of other UI controls. For example, a state managed UI control such as a button will be in the enabled state when input fields have valid input values and the button will be in the disabled state when the input fields are empty or have invalid values. As applications grow, this can end up becoming one of the most complex problems in user interface development. This is especially the case when the state of any particular message or form on the page depends on factors outside of the current page, or available throughout several pages. For example, consider a user who is logged in and sees the 'welcome' message on their first visit to any page, but not on subsequent page visits. Does each page manage the state of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
User Interface
In the industrial design field of human–computer interaction, a user interface (UI) is the space where interactions between humans and machines occur. The goal of this interaction is to allow effective operation and control of the machine from the human end, while the machine simultaneously feeds back information that aids the operators' decision-making process. Examples of this broad concept of user interfaces include the interactive aspects of computer operating systems, hand tools, heavy machinery operator controls and process controls. The design considerations applicable when creating user interfaces are related to, or involve such disciplines as, ergonomics and psychology. Generally, the goal of user interface design is to produce a user interface that makes it easy, efficient, and enjoyable (user-friendly) to operate a machine in the way which produces the desired result (i.e. maximum usability). This generally means that the operator needs to provide minimal i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Field (computer Science)
In computer science, data that has several parts, known as a '' record,'' can be divided into fields (data fields). Relational databases arrange data as sets of database records, so called rows. Each record consists of several ''fields''; the fields of all records form the columns. Examples of fields: name, gender, hair colour. In object-oriented programming, a ''field'' (also called ''data member'' or '' member variable'') is a particular piece of data encapsulated within a class or object. In the case of a regular field (also called ''instance variable''), for each instance of the object there is an instance variable: for example, an Employee class has a Name field and there is one distinct name per employee. A static field (also called ''class variable'') is one variable, which is shared by all instances. Fields are abstracted by properties, which allow them to be read and written as if they were fields, but these can be translated to getter and setter method calls. Fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radio Button
A radio button or option button is a graphical control element that allows the user to choose only one of a predefined set of mutually exclusive options. The singular property of a radio button makes it distinct from checkboxes, where the user can select and unselect any number of items. Radio buttons are arranged in groups of two or more and displayed on screen as, for example, a list of circular holes that can contain white space (for unselected) or a dot (for selected). Each radio button is normally accompanied by a label describing the choice that the radio button represents. The choices are mutually exclusive; when the user selects a radio button, any previously selected radio button in the same group becomes deselected (making it so only one can be selected). Selecting a radio button is done by clicking the mouse on (or touching the screen over) the button, or the caption, or by using a keyboard shortcut. It is possible that initially none of the radio buttons in a group ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angular (application Platform)
Angular (also referred to as "Angular 2+") is a TypeScript-based, free and open-source web application framework led by the Angular Team at Google and by a community of individuals and corporations. Angular is a complete rewrite from the same team that built AngularJS. Differences between Angular and AngularJS Google designed Angular as a ground-up rewrite of AngularJS. * Angular does not have a concept of "scope" or controllers; instead, it uses a hierarchy of components as its primary architectural characteristic. * Angular has a different expression syntax, focusing on " for property binding, and "( )" for event binding * Modularity – much core functionality has moved to modules * Angular recommends the use of Microsoft's TypeScript language, which introduces the following features: **Static typing, including Generics ** Type annotations * Dynamic loading * Asynchronous template compilations * Iterative callbacks provided by RxJS. * Support to run Angular application ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Observer Pattern
In software design and engineering, the observer pattern is a software design pattern in which an object, named the subject, maintains a list of its dependents, called observers, and notifies them automatically of any state changes, usually by calling one of their methods. It is often used for implementing distributed event-handling systems in event-driven software. In such systems, the subject is usually named a "stream of events" or "stream source of events" while the observers are called "sinks of events." The stream nomenclature alludes to a physical setup in which the observers are physically separated and have no control over the emitted events from the subject/stream source. This pattern thus suits any process by which data arrives from some input that is not available to the CPU at startup, but instead arrives seemingly at random ( HTTP requests, GPIO data, user input from peripherals, distributed databases and blockchains, etc.). Most modern programming languages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Redux (JavaScript Library)
Redux is an open-source JavaScript library for managing and centralizing application state. It is most commonly used with libraries such as React or Angular for building user interfaces. Similar to (and inspired by) Facebook's Flux architecture, it was created by Dan Abramov and Andrew Clark. Since mid-2016, the primary maintainers are Mark Erikson and Tim Dorr. Description Redux is a small library with a simple, limited API designed to be a predictable container for application state. It operates in a similar fashion to a reducing function, a functional programming concept. History Redux was created by Dan Abramov and Andrew Clark in 2015. Abramov began writing the first Redux implementation while preparing for a conference talk at React Europe on hot reloading. Abramov remarks, "I was trying to make a proof of concept of Flux where I could change the logic. And it would let me time travel. And it would let me reapply the future actions on the code change." Abramov was str ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
React (JavaScript Library)
React (also known as React.js or ReactJS) is a free and open-source front-end JavaScript library for building user interfaces based on UI components. It is maintained by Meta (formerly Facebook) and a community of individual developers and companies. React can be used as a base in the development of single-page, mobile, or server-rendered applications with frameworks like Next.js. However, React is only concerned with state management and rendering that state to the DOM, so creating React applications usually requires the use of additional libraries for routing, as well as certain client-side functionality. Basic usage The following is a rudimentary example of using React for the web, written in JSX and JavaScript. import React from 'react'; import ReactDOM from 'react-dom/client'; const Greeting = () => ; const App = () => ; const root = ReactDOM.createRoot(document.getElementById('root')); root.render( ); based on the HTML document below. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Publish–subscribe Pattern
In software architecture, publish–subscribe is a messaging pattern where senders of messages, called publishers, do not program the messages to be sent directly to specific receivers, called subscribers, but instead categorize published messages into classes without knowledge of which subscribers, if any, there may be. Similarly, subscribers express interest in one or more classes and only receive messages that are of interest, without knowledge of which publishers, if any, there are. Publish–subscribe is a sibling of the message queue paradigm, and is typically one part of a larger message-oriented middleware system. Most messaging systems support both the pub/sub and message queue models in their API; e.g., Java Message Service (JMS). This pattern provides greater network scalability and a more dynamic network topology, with a resulting decreased flexibility to modify the publisher and the structure of the published data. Message filtering In the publish-subscribe mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Data Binding
In computer programming, data binding is a general technique that binds data sources from the provider and consumer together and synchronizes them. This is usually done with two data/information sources with different languages, as in XML data binding and UI data binding. In UI data binding, data and information objects of the same language, but different logic function are bound together (e.g., Java UI elements to Java objects). In a data binding process, each data change is reflected automatically by the elements that are bound to the data. The term data binding is also used in cases where an outer representation of data in an element changes, and the underlying data is automatically updated to reflect this change. As an example, a change in a TextBox element could modify the underlying data value. Data binding frameworks and tools List of examples of data binding frameworks and tools for different programming languages: C# .NET * Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
