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Spermicide
Spermicide is a contraceptive substance that destroys sperm, inserted vaginally prior to intercourse to prevent pregnancy. As a contraceptive, spermicide may be used alone. However, the pregnancy rate experienced by couples using only spermicide is higher than that of couples using other methods. Usually, spermicides are combined with contraceptive barrier methods such as diaphragms, condoms, cervical caps, and sponges. Combined methods are believed to result in lower pregnancy rates than either method alone. Spermicides are typically unscented, clear, unflavored, non-staining, and lubricative. Types and effectiveness The most common active ingredient of spermicides is nonoxynol-9. Spermicides containing nonoxynol-9 are available in many forms, such as jelly (gel), films, and foams. Used alone, spermicides have a perfect use failure rate of 6% per year when used correctly and consistently, and 16% failure rate per year in typical use. Spermicide brands This list of exampl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diaphragm (contraceptive)
The diaphragm is a barrier method of birth control. It is moderately effective, with a one-year failure rate of around 12% with typical use. It is placed over the cervix with spermicide before sex and left in place for at least six hours after sex. Fitting by a healthcare provider is generally required. Side effects are usually very few. Use may increase the risk of bacterial vaginosis and urinary tract infections. If left in the vagina for more than 24 hours toxic shock syndrome may occur. While use may decrease the risk of sexually transmitted infections, it is not very effective at doing so. There are a number of types of diaphragms with different rim and spring designs. They may be made from latex, silicone, or natural rubber. They work by blocking access to and holding spermicide near the cervix. The diaphragm came into use around 1882. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Medical use Before inserting or removing a diaphragm, one's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Contraceptive
Birth control, also known as contraception, anticonception, and fertility control, is the use of methods or devices to prevent unwanted pregnancy. Birth control has been used since ancient times, but effective and safe methods of birth control only became available in the 20th century. Planning, making available, and using birth control is called family planning. Some cultures limit or discourage access to birth control because they consider it to be morally, religiously, or politically undesirable. The World Health Organization and United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provide guidance on the safety of birth control methods among women with specific medical conditions. The most effective methods of birth control are sterilization by means of vasectomy in males and tubal ligation in females, intrauterine devices (IUDs), and implantable birth control. This is followed by a number of hormone-based methods including oral pills, patches, vaginal ring ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Condom
A condom is a sheath-shaped Barrier contraception, barrier device used during sexual intercourse to reduce the probability of pregnancy or a Sexually transmitted disease, sexually transmitted infection (STI). There are both male and female condoms. With proper use—and use at every act of intercourse—women whose partners use male condoms experience a 2% per-year pregnancy rate. With typical use the rate of pregnancy is 18% per-year. Their use greatly decreases the risk of gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, hepatitis B, and HIV/AIDS. To a lesser extent, they also protect against genital herpes, human papillomavirus (HPV), and syphilis. The male condom is rolled onto an erect penis before intercourse and works by forming a physical barrier which blocks semen from entering the body of a sexual partner. Male condoms are typically made from latex and, less commonly, from polyurethane, polyisoprene, or lamb intestine. Male condoms have the advantages of ease of use, ease of ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cervical Cap
The cervical cap is a form of barrier contraception. A cervical cap fits over the cervix and blocks sperm from entering the uterus through the external orifice of the uterus, called the ''os''. Terminology The term ''cervical cap'' has been used to refer to a number of barrier contraceptives, including the Prentif, Dumas, Vimule, and Oves devices. In the United States, Prentif was the only brand available for several decades (Prentif was withdrawn from the U.S. market in 2005). During this time, it was common to use the term ''cervical cap'' to refer exclusively to the Prentif brand. The Lea's Shield was a cervical barrier device which was discontinued as of 2008. Some sources use ''cervical cap'' to refer to the FemCap and Lea's Shield. Other sources include FemCap in the term ''cervical cap'', but classified the Lea's Shield as a distinct device. In the 1920s, cervical caps (and also diaphragms) were often just called ''pessaries''. Cervical caps or conception caps hav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Contraceptive Sponge
The contraceptive sponge combines barrier and spermicidal methods to prevent conception. Sponges work in two ways. First, the sponge is inserted into the vagina, so it can cover the cervix and prevent any sperm from entering the uterus. Secondly, the sponge contains spermicide. The sponges are inserted vaginally prior to intercourse and must be placed over the cervix to be effective. Sponges provide no protection from sexually transmitted infections. Sponges can provide contraception for multiple acts of intercourse over a 24-hour period, but cannot be reused beyond that time or once removed. Effectiveness Sponge's effectiveness is 91% if used perfectly by women who never gave birth, and 80% if used perfectly by women who have given at least one birth. Since it is hard to use the sponge perfectly every time having vaginal sex, the real effectiveness of the method is actually lower than the figures mentioned. It is advised to combine sponges with other birth control methods, lik ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nonoxynol-9
Nonoxynol-9, sometimes abbreviated as N-9, is an organic compound that is used as a surfactant. It is a member of the nonoxynol family of nonionic surfactants. N-9 and related compounds are ingredients in various cleaning and cosmetic products. It is widely used in contraceptives for its spermicidal properties. Uses Spermicide As a spermicide, it attacks the acrosomal membranes of the sperm, causing the sperm to be immobilized. Nonoxynol-9 is the active ingredient in most spermicidal creams, jellies, foams, gel, film, and suppositories. Lubricant Nonoxynol-9 is a common ingredient of most vaginal and anal lubricants due to its spermicidal properties. A 2004 study found that over a six-month period, the typical-use failure rates for five nonoxynol-9 vaginal contraceptives (film, suppository, and gels at three different concentrations) ranged from 10% to 20%. Condoms Many models of condoms are lubricated with solutions containing nonoxynol-9. In this role, it has been p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nonoxynol-9
Nonoxynol-9, sometimes abbreviated as N-9, is an organic compound that is used as a surfactant. It is a member of the nonoxynol family of nonionic surfactants. N-9 and related compounds are ingredients in various cleaning and cosmetic products. It is widely used in contraceptives for its spermicidal properties. Uses Spermicide As a spermicide, it attacks the acrosomal membranes of the sperm, causing the sperm to be immobilized. Nonoxynol-9 is the active ingredient in most spermicidal creams, jellies, foams, gel, film, and suppositories. Lubricant Nonoxynol-9 is a common ingredient of most vaginal and anal lubricants due to its spermicidal properties. A 2004 study found that over a six-month period, the typical-use failure rates for five nonoxynol-9 vaginal contraceptives (film, suppository, and gels at three different concentrations) ranged from 10% to 20%. Condoms Many models of condoms are lubricated with solutions containing nonoxynol-9. In this role, it has been p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barrier Methods
Safe sex is sexual activity using methods or contraceptive devices (such as condoms) to reduce the risk of transmitting or acquiring sexually transmitted infections (STIs), especially HIV. "Safe sex" is also sometimes referred to as safer sex or protected sex to indicate that some safe sex practices do not eliminate STI risks. It is also sometimes used colloquially to describe methods aimed at preventing pregnancy that may or may not also lower STI risks. The concept of "safe sex" emerged in the 1980s as a response to the global AIDS epidemic, and possibly more specifically to the AIDS crisis in the United States. Promoting safe sex is now one of the main aims of sex education and STI prevention, especially reducing new HIV infections. Safe sex is regarded as a harm reduction strategy aimed at reducing the risk of STI transmission. Although some safe sex practices (like condoms) can also be used as birth control (''contraception''), most forms of contraception do not prote ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benzalkonium Chloride
Benzalkonium chloride (BZK, BKC, BAK, BAC), also known as alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (ADBAC) and by the trade name Zephiran, is a type of cationic surfactant. It is an organic salt classified as a quaternary ammonium compound. ADBACs have three main categories of use: as a biocide, a cationic surfactant, and a phase transfer agent. ADBACs are a mixture of alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chlorides, in which the alkyl group has various even-numbered alkyl chain lengths. Solubility and physical properties Depending on purity, benzalkonium chloride ranges from colourless to a pale yellow (impure). Benzalkonium chloride is readily soluble in ethanol and acetone. Dissolution in water is ready, upon agitation. Aqueous solutions should be neutral to slightly alkaline. Solutions foam when shaken. Concentrated solutions have a bitter taste and a faint almond-like odour. Standard concentrates are manufactured as 50% and 80% w/w solutions, and sold under trade names such as BC50, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
VCF Vaginal Contraceptive Gel
VCF may refer to: Organizations * Valencia CF, a Spanish professional football club in Valencia * Victory (church) (formerly VCF), an evangelical Protestant church based in the Philippines * Vietnam Children's Fund, a non-profit organization based in Unionville, Virginia, United States Technology * Variant Call Format, the format of a text file used in bioinformatics for storing gene sequence variations * vCard, a file format standard for electronic business cards * Virtual Case File, a software application developed by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation * Visual Component Framework, an abandoned open source project for development under Microsoft Windows and Apple Macintosh * VMware Cloud Foundation, an infrastructure platform for hybrid cloud management of the VMware Infrastructure product line * Voltage-controlled filter, an electronic filter whose operating characteristics can be set by an input control voltage * Volume correction factor, a standardized comput ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
VCF Contraceptive Foam
VCF may refer to: Organizations * Valencia CF, a Spanish professional football club in Valencia * Victory (church) (formerly VCF), an evangelical Protestant church based in the Philippines * Vietnam Children's Fund, a non-profit organization based in Unionville, Virginia, United States Technology * Variant Call Format, the format of a text file used in bioinformatics for storing gene sequence variations * vCard, a file format standard for electronic business cards * Virtual Case File, a software application developed by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation * Visual Component Framework, an abandoned open source project for development under Microsoft Windows and Apple Macintosh * VMware Cloud Foundation, an infrastructure platform for hybrid cloud management of the VMware Infrastructure product line * Voltage-controlled filter, an electronic filter whose operating characteristics can be set by an input control voltage * Volume correction factor, a standardized comput ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
VCF Vaginal Contraceptive Film
VCF may refer to: Organizations * Valencia CF, a Spanish professional football club in Valencia * Victory (church) (formerly VCF), an evangelical Protestant church based in the Philippines * Vietnam Children's Fund, a non-profit organization based in Unionville, Virginia, United States Technology * Variant Call Format, the format of a text file used in bioinformatics for storing gene sequence variations * vCard, a file format standard for electronic business cards * Virtual Case File, a software application developed by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation * Visual Component Framework, an abandoned open source project for development under Microsoft Windows and Apple Macintosh * VMware Cloud Foundation, an infrastructure platform for hybrid cloud management of the VMware Infrastructure product line * Voltage-controlled filter, an electronic filter whose operating characteristics can be set by an input control voltage * Volume correction factor, a standardized comput ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
