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Southern Low German
Southern Low German (') is a variety of Low German in Germany.Alfred Lameli: ''Raumstrukturen im Niederdeutschen: Eine Re-Analyse der Wenkerdaten.'' 201academia.edu originally in: ''Niederdeutsches Jahrbuch: Jahrbuch des Vereins für niederdeutsche Sprachforschung. Jahrgang 2016: 139'', p. 131–15researchgate.net/ref> Its varieties in Germany are divided into Westphalian and Eastphalian. It borders to Low Franconian, High German and Northern Low German. The Low German varieties of Germany excluding Eastphalian and Westphalian are Northern Low German. In Germany, it is spoken in parts of the Ruhr area inter alia. It is spoken in several states of Germany. Eastphalian had two language islands within its area.: Atlas zur deutschen Alltagssprache (AdA), "Abb. 20: Die Gliederung der deutschen Dialekte (Wiesinger)" The approximate border of Westphalian entirely is within respectively coincides with the border of Westphalia-Lippe. There is an ISO 639-3 code for both Low German ''(n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Low German
Low German is a West Germanic languages, West Germanic language variety, language spoken mainly in Northern Germany and the northeastern Netherlands. The dialect of Plautdietsch is also spoken in the Russian Mennonite diaspora worldwide. "Low" refers to the altitude of the areas where it is typically spoken. Low German is most closely related to Frisian languages, Frisian and English language, English, with which it forms the North Sea Germanic group of the West Germanic languages. Like Dutch language, Dutch, it has historically been spoken north of the Benrath line, Benrath and Uerdingen line, Uerdingen isoglosses, while forms of High German languages, High German (of which Standard German is a standardized example) have historically been spoken south of those lines. Like Frisian, English, Dutch and the North Germanic languages, Low German has not undergone the High German consonant shift, as opposed to Standard German, Standard High German, which is based on High German langu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Steele, Essen
Steele is a suburb of Essen, Germany. It is bordered on the south by the Ruhr river, and by the suburbs of Kray in the north, Leithe in the northeast, Freisenbruch in the east, Horst in the southeast, Überruhr in the south, Bergerhausen in the southwest, and Huttrop in the west. It has two railway stations, Essen-Steele station and Essen-Steele Ost station. Steele became a city in the Ruhrgebiet (Ruhr area) in 1578, and in 1905 its population was 12,988. In 1929 it became a suburb of Essen. A Diet of the Holy Roman Empire was held here in the year 938 by the emperor Otto I Otto I (23 November 912 – 7 May 973), known as Otto the Great ( ) or Otto of Saxony ( ), was East Francia, East Frankish (Kingdom of Germany, German) king from 936 and Holy Roman Emperor from 962 until his death in 973. He was the eldest son o .... References External links * Essen Former municipalities in North Rhine-Westphalia {{Essen-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Westniederdeutsch
Lameli's uncommon Westniederdeutsch (lit. ''West Low German'') is a variety of Northern Low German ''(nördliches Niederdeutsch)'', which is a group of Low German. It is not to be confused with the grouping West Low German, also called ''Westniederdeutsch'' in Standard High German, which includes other varieties. It is spoken in the German states of Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia, and comprehends Westmünsterländisch, Münsterländisch, Emsländisch and the dialects of the Grafschaft Bentheim and the Landkreise Cloppenburg and Vechta. Its varieties in Germany border to Low Franconian, North Low German ''(Nordniederdeutsch)'', and Southern Low German (Westphalian and Eastphalian). It is spoken in Germany up to about the Ruhr area. It has contact to the Dutch language Dutch ( ) is a West Germanic languages, West Germanic language of the Indo-European language family, spoken by about 25 million people as a first language and 5 million as a second language and is the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Hessian
The Central Hessian dialect is a German dialect subgroup of the Hessian branch of Central German. It has only partly undergone the High German (HG) consonant shift but has had a different vowel development than most other German dialects. Location The dialect is spoken around the center of the German state of Hesse. The area where the dialect is historically spoken corresponds roughly to the green area on the map. Phonetics and development from Middle High German The dialect sounds softer than HG and often "glues" words together. It also is hard to understand for non-natives, fellow Germans as well. Vowels Diphthongs: aɪ̯ aʊ̯ ɛɪ̯ ɔʊ̯ ɔɪ̯ Consonants The "R" can be realised as a bunch of different phonemes, some dialects use the uvular trill, some the velar, some the alveolar, some do the English r and others just tap. Development Central Hessian did partake only partially in the HG consonant shift and later further underwent a general gradation proce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bergish Dialects
Bergish ( or ) is a collective name for a group of West Germanic dialects spoken in the Bergisches Land region east of the Rhine in western Germany. In a more narrow sense, Peter Wiesinger defined a ''Bergisch'' dialect group that includes the dialects North of Benrath line spoken to the east of the Rhine to about Essen, Mülheim and Wuppertal (except for the area around Düsseldorf). It excludes, however, Ripuarian dialects in the Bergisches Land and other varieties southeast of Wuppertal. The name is commonly used among its speakers (who often call their local Bergisch variety simply ''"Platt"'', a common term in western and northern Germany for traditional local varieties of Low German, Low Franconian and Central German, as opposed to the standard language or regionalized varieties of the latter), but in its broadest sense, it is not of much linguistic relevance, because the varieties belong to several quite distinct groups inside the continental West Germanic dialect cont ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alemannic German
Alemannic, or rarely Alemannish (''Alemannisch'', ), is a group of High German dialects. The name derives from the ancient Germanic tribal confederation known as the Alemanni ("all men"). Distribution Alemannic dialects are spoken by approximately ten million people in several countries: * In Europe: ** Switzerland: all German-speaking parts of the country except Samnaun ** Germany: centre and south of Baden-Württemberg, Swabia, and certain districts of Bavaria ** Austria: Vorarlberg, Reutte District of Tyrol ** Liechtenstein ** France: Alsace region ( Alsatian dialect) and in some villages of the Phalsbourg county, in Lorraine ** Italy: Gressoney-La-Trinité, Gressoney-Saint-Jean, Issime, Alagna Valsesia, Rimella and Formazza, in some other villages almost extinct *Outside Europe: ** United States: Allen and Adams County, Indiana, by the Amish there and also in their daughter settlements in Indiana and other U.S. states. ** Venezuela: Colonia Tovar ( Colonia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georg Wenker
Georg Wenker (January 25, 1852 – July 17, 1911) was a German linguist who began documenting German dialect geography during the late nineteenth century. He is considered a pioneer in this field and contributed several groundbreaking publications, most notably, the ''Deutscher Sprachatlas.'' Biography Georg Wenker was born in Düsseldorf on January 25, 1852. He attended gymnasium there and in 1872 received his eligibility to attend college. Beginning the summer semester of 1872, Wenker studied in Zürich, Bonn and Marburg. In 1876, Wenker earned his Ph.D. degree in Tübingen Tübingen (; ) is a traditional college town, university city in central Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated south of the state capital, Stuttgart, and developed on both sides of the Neckar and Ammer (Neckar), Ammer rivers. about one in ... with a dissertation topic on the shifting of German root syllables. In 1877 he took on the position as a librarian at Königlichen Universität Mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Standard German
Standard High German (SHG), less precisely Standard German or High German (, , or, in Switzerland, ), is the umbrella term for the standard language, standardized varieties of the German language, which are used in formal contexts and for communication between different dialect areas. German is a Pluricentric language, pluricentric Abstand and ausbau languages#Roofing, Dachsprache with currently three codified (or standardised) specific national varieties: German Standard German, Austrian German#Standard Austrian German, Austrian Standard German and Swiss Standard German. Regarding the spelling and punctuation, a recommended standard is published by the Council for German Orthography which represents the governments of all majority and minority German-speaking countries and dependencies. Adherence is obligatory for government institutions, including schools. Although there is no official standards body regulating pronunciation, there is a long-standing ''de facto'' standard pronu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prussia
Prussia (; ; Old Prussian: ''Prūsija'') was a Germans, German state centred on the North European Plain that originated from the 1525 secularization of the Prussia (region), Prussian part of the State of the Teutonic Order. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, expanding its size with the Prussian Army. Prussia, with its capital at Königsberg and then, when it became the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701, History of Berlin, Berlin, decisively shaped the history of Germany. Prussia formed the German Empire when it united the German states in 1871. It was ''de facto'' dissolved by 1932 Prussian coup d'état, an emergency decree transferring powers of the Prussian government to German Chancellor Franz von Papen in 1932 and ''de jure'' by Abolition of Prussia, an Allied decree in 1947. The name ''Prussia'' derives from the Old Prussians who were conquered by the Teutonic Knightsan organized Catholic medieval Military order (religious society), military order of Pru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Hanover
The Kingdom of Hanover () was established in October 1814 by the Congress of Vienna, with the restoration of George III to his Hanoverian territories after the Napoleonic Wars, Napoleonic era. It succeeded the former Electorate of Hanover, and joined 38 other sovereign states in the German Confederation in June 1815. The kingdom was ruled by the House of Hanover, a cadet branch of the House of Welf, in Personal union of Great Britain and Hanover, personal union with Great Britain between 1714 and 1837. Since its monarch resided in London, a viceroy, usually a younger member of the British royal family, handled the administration of the Kingdom of Hanover. The personal union with the United Kingdom ended in 1837 upon the accession of Queen Victoria because semi-Salic law prevented females from inheriting the Hanoverian throne while a dynastic male was still alive. Her uncle Ernest Augustus, King of Hanover, Ernest Augustus thus became the ruler of Hanover. His only son succeeded h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Langenberg (Rhineland)
Langenberg () is a borough (''Stadtbezirk'') of Velbert, a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu .... Its population is 15,717 (2021). Located in this district is the famous Sender Langenberg transmission site, which transmits MW, FM, and TV broadcasting signals. Gallery Image:Langenberg, Sankt Michaelkirche langs spoorlijn foto3 2012-03-27 14.16.JPG, Langenberg, church (Sankt Michaelkirche) close to the railway File:Langenberg, Sankt Michaelkirche in straatzicht foto4 2012-03-27 14.43.JPG, Langenberg, church (Sankt Michaelkirche) in the street Image:Langenberg, die Alte Kirche foto4 2012-03-27 14.34.JPG, Langenberg, church: die Alte Kirche Image:Langenberg, monumentaal pand (Hauptstrasse 36) op kerkplein foto4 2012-03-27 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Westphalian Language
Westphalian or Westfalish ( Standard High German: ', Standard Dutch: ') is one of the major dialect groups of Low German. Its most salient feature is its diphthongization (rising diphthongs). For example, speakers say () instead of or for "to eat". (There is also a difference in the use of consonants ''within'' the Westphalian dialects: North of the Wiehengebirge, people tend to use unvoiced consonants, whereas south of the Wiehengebirge they tend to use the voiced equivalents, e.g. > .) The Westphalian dialect region includes the north-eastern part of North Rhine-Westphalia, i.e. the former Prussian province of Westphalia, without Siegerland and Wittgenstein, but including the southern part of former government district Weser-Ems (e.g. the region around Osnabrück and the landscape of Emsland in modern Lower Saxony). Traditionally, all Dutch Low Saxon dialects are considered Westphalian, with the notable exception of Gronings, which is grouped with the Northern Low S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
