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Soft-focus
In photography, soft focus is a lens flaw, in which the lens forms images that are blurred due to uncorrected spherical aberration. A soft focus lens deliberately introduces spherical aberration which blurs fine texture in the image while retaining sharp edges across areas of high contrast; it is not the same as an out-of-focus image, and the effect cannot be achieved simply by defocusing a sharp lens. Soft focus is also the name of the style of photograph produced by such a lens. Photography Effect Soft focus has been described as "an image that is in focus but has a halo of out-of-focus images around it." The first deliberate use of undercorrected spherical aberration, resulting in halos around highlights (also known as "pearly" highlights), is thought to have been by French pictorialists around 1900, spreading to the United States, where these lenses were most popular between 1910 and 1930. Noted practitioners of soft focus photography include Julia Margaret Cameron, Bob ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julia Margaret Cameron
Julia Margaret Cameron (; 11 June 1815 – 26 January 1879) was an English photographer who is considered one of the most important portraitists of the 19th century. She is known for her Soft focus, soft-focus close-ups of famous Victorian era, Victorians and for illustrative images depicting characters from mythology, Christianity, and literature. She was born in Kolkata, Calcutta, and after establishing herself among the Anglo-Indian upper-class, she moved to London where she made connections with the cultural elite. She then formed her own literary salon in the seaside village of Freshwater, Isle of Wight, Freshwater on the Isle of Wight. Cameron took up photography at the age of 48, after her daughter gave her a camera as a present. She quickly produced a large body of portraits, and created allegorical images inspired by tableau vivant, ''tableaux vivants'', theatre, 15th-century Italian painters, and contemporary artists. She gathered much of her work in albums, including ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Weston
Edward Henry Weston (March 24, 1886 – January 1, 1958) was an American photographer. He has been called "one of the most innovative and influential American photographers" and "one of the masters of 20th century photography." Over the course of his 40-year career Weston photographed an increasingly expansive set of subjects, including landscapes, still lifes, nudes, portraits, genre scenes, and even whimsical parodies. It is said that he developed a "quintessentially American, and especially Californian, approach to modern photography" because of his focus on the people and places of the American West. In 1937 Weston was the first photographer to receive a Guggenheim Fellowship, and over the next two years he produced nearly 1,400 negatives using his 8 × 10 view camera. Some of his most famous photographs were taken of the trees and rocks at Point Lobos, California, near where he lived for many years. Weston was born in Chicago and moved to California when he was 21. He kne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicola Perscheid
Nicola Perscheid (3 December 1864 – 12 May 1930) was a German photographer. He is primarily known for his artistic portrait photography. He developed the "Perscheid lens", a soft focus lens for large format portrait photography. Life and career Perscheid was born as Nikolaus Perscheid in near Koblenz, Kingdom of Prussia, where he also went to school. At the age of 15, he began an apprenticeship as a photographer. Subsequently, Perscheid earned his living as an itinerant photographer; he worked, amongst other places, in Saarbrücken, Trier, and Colmar, but also in Nice, Vienna, or Budapest. In Klagenfurt in Austria he finally found a permanent position and on 1 March 1887, he became a member of the Photographic Society of Vienna (''Wiener Photographische Gesellschaft''). In 1889, he moved to Dresden, where he initially worked in the studio of Wilhelm Höffert (1832–1901), a well-known studio in Germany at that time, before opening his own studio in Görlitz on 6 June 1891. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pictorialism
Pictorialism is an international style and aesthetic movement that dominated photography during the later 19th and early 20th centuries. There is no standard definition of the term, but in general it refers to a style in which the photographer has somehow manipulated what would otherwise be a straightforward photograph as a means of creating an image rather than simply recording it. Typically, a pictorial photograph appears to lack a sharp focus (some more so than others), is printed in one or more colors other than black-and-white (ranging from warm brown to deep blue) and may have visible brush strokes or other manipulation of the surface. For the pictorialist, a photograph, like a painting, drawing or engraving, was a way of projecting an emotional intent into the viewer's realm of imagination. Pictorialism as a movement thrived from about 1885 to 1915, although it was still being promoted by some as late as the 1940s. It began in response to claims that a photograph was nothin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meniscus Lens
A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light beam by means of refraction. A simple lens consists of a single piece of transparent material, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (''elements''), usually arranged along a common axis. Lenses are made from materials such as glass or plastic and are ground, polished, or molded to the required shape. A lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. Devices that similarly focus or disperse waves and radiation other than visible light are also called "lenses", such as microwave lenses, electron lenses, acoustic lenses, or explosive lenses. Lenses are used in various imaging devices such as telescopes, binoculars, and cameras. They are also used as visual aids in glasses to correct defects of vision such as myopia and hypermetropia. History The word ''lens'' comes from , the Latin name of the lentil (a seed of a lentil plant), becau ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vest Pocket Kodak
The Vest Pocket Kodak (VPK), also known as the Soldier's Kodak, is a line of compact folding cameras introduced by Eastman Kodak in April 1912 and produced until 1934, when it was succeeded by the Kodak Bantam. Because the VPK uses 127 film, it is more compact than contemporary folding cameras using 120 film and larger sheet film formats offered by Kodak; measuring approximately when stowed, it could be carried in a vest pocket, as the name suggests. Design The basic design of the Vest Pocket Kodak has a lens on a flat platform which extends manually from the body, sealed by a light-tight bellows. Several different lenses were offered, with cameras fitted with upgraded lenses named "Vest Pocket Kodak Special", and numerous cosmetic variations exist. Popular competitive cameras at the time were the Houghton Ensignettes, which used films of similar but not identical size, designated 128 and 129. The Vest Pocket Kodak outcompeted the Ensignettes, and Houghton introduced a new 127- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shōji Ueda
__NOTOC__ was a Japanese photographer from Tottori Prefecture, Tottori, best known for his distinctive, dreamlike black-and-white images with staged figures, taken on the Tottori Sand Dunes, Tottori sand dunes. The term ''Ueda-chō'' (Ueda-tone) has been used to refer to his cool and mysterious atmospheric style. Ueda began using posed figures and objects in his photographs in 1939, but would be forced to cease his production due to Japan's participation in World War II. His surreal ''Sand Dune'' series, of which the first images were published 1949, was overshadowed by the predominance of social realism, a major trend in Japanese post-war photography. His oeuvre was reconsidered by critics in 1971 after the publication of the widely-appreciated photobook ''Warabe Goyomi'' (Children the Year Round), containing images of children which masterfully balanced social realism and the playfulness of Ueda's posed pictures. Since the 1970s, his work has won him international renown, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
US4124276A (Okano Nakamura & Ogura, 1975)
U.S. Route 41, also U.S. Highway 41 (US 41), is a major north–south United States Numbered Highway that runs from Miami, Florida, to the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Until 1949, the part in southern Florida, from Naples to Miami, was US 94. The highway's southern terminus is in the Brickell neighborhood of Downtown Miami at an intersection with Brickell Avenue ( US 1), and its northern terminus is east of Copper Harbor, Michigan, at a modest cul-de-sac near Fort Wilkins Historic State Park at the tip of the Keweenaw Peninsula. US 41 is closely paralleled by Interstate 75 (I-75) from Naples, Florida, all the way through Georgia to Chattanooga, Tennessee. Route description , - , FL , , - , GA , , - , TN , , - , KY , , - , IN , , - , IL , , - , WI , , - , MI , , - class="sortbottom" , Total , Florida In Florida, US 41 is paralleled by Interstate 75 all the way from Miami to Georgia (on the northern border), and I-75 has largel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Canon EF 135mm Lens
EF 135mm 2L USM The Canon EF 135mm 2L USM is a short-to-medium telephoto lens. The "135/2" is mainly used for portrait photography and for indoor sports, where the lighting is often poor. The lens speed, fast aperture makes the lens ideal for both of these applications. Among Canon (company), Canon photographers, the lens is highly regarded for its sharpness, contrast, and color rendition. The lens is also popular because it is very sharp at its maximum aperture of 2, allowing the photographer to throw the background out of focus while recording a lot of detail on the primary subject. This gives the photographer fine-grained control over depth of field. The EF 135mm 2L USM lens offers internal focus lens, internal focus; the length does not change while focusing. The lens is compatible with the Canon Extender EF teleconverters. EF 135mm 2.8 with Softfocus The Canon EF 135mm 2.8 with Softfocus is a soft focus prime lens introduced by Canon Inc. in 1987 designed for portrait ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apodization
In signal processing, apodization (from Greek "removing the foot") is the modification of the shape of a mathematical function. The function may represent an electrical signal, an optical transmission, or a mechanical structure. In optics, it is primarily used to remove Airy disks caused by diffraction around an intensity peak, improving the focus. Apodization in electronics Apodization in signal processing The term apodization is used frequently in publications on Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) signal processing. An example of apodization is the use of the Hann window in the fast Fourier transform analyzer to smooth the discontinuities at the beginning and end of the sampled time record. Apodization in digital audio An apodizing filter can be used in digital audio processing instead of the more common brick-wall filters, in order to reduce the pre- and post- ringing that the latter introduces. Apodization in mass spectrometry During oscillation within an Orbit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minolta STF 135mm F/2
was a Japanese manufacturer of cameras, lenses, camera accessories, photocopiers, fax machines, and laser printers. Minolta Co., Ltd., which is also known simply as Minolta, was founded in Osaka, Japan, in 1928 as . It made the first integrated autofocus 35 mm SLR camera system. In 1931, the company adopted its final name, an acronym for "Mechanism, Instruments, Optics, and Lenses by Tashima". In 2003, Minolta merged with Konica to form Konica Minolta. On 19 January 2006, Konica Minolta announced that it was leaving the camera and photo business, and that it would sell a portion of its SLR camera business to Sony as part of its move to pull completely out of the business of selling cameras and photographic film. History Milestones *1928: establishes Nichi-Doku Shashinki Shōten ("Japanese-German photo company," the precursor of Minolta Co., Ltd.). *1929: Marketed the company's first camera, the "Nifcarette" (ニフカレッテ). *1937: The Minolta Flex is Japan's seco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
