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Sabra (person)
In Modern Hebrew, the terms (; ) or (; ) refer to Israeli-born Jew(s). Derived from the Hebrew name for the prickly pear cactus, which is commonly spelled in English, the words had come into widespread use by the 1930s, when they were used to designate a Jewish person whose place of birth was located within the Land of Israel—corresponding with Ottoman Syria until 1918 () and with the British Mandate of Palestine until 1948 ()—though it may have appeared earlier. is understood to be a term that is used to allude to the collective nature of Israeli Jews: it is a tenacious and thorny desert plant with a thick skin that conceals a sweet and soft interior. This description is the basis for the design of Srulik, a cartoon character that represents the average and thus serves as Israel's national personification. In 2010, over 70% of Israel's Jewish population was composed of , with this figure increasing to 75% in 2015 and to 80% in 2024. History The term came into wide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saber
A sabre or saber ( ) is a type of backsword with a curved blade associated with the light cavalry of the Early Modern warfare, early modern and Napoleonic period, Napoleonic periods. Originally associated with Central European cavalry such as the hussars, the sabre became widespread in Western Europe during the Thirty Years' War. Lighter sabres also became popular with infantry of the early 17th century. In the 19th century, models with less curving blades became common and were also used by heavy cavalry. The military sabre was used as a duelling weapon in academic fencing in the 19th century, giving rise to a discipline of modern Sabre (fencing), sabre fencing (introduced in the Fencing at the 1896 Summer Olympics, 1896 Summer Olympics) loosely based on the characteristics of the historical weapon. Etymology The English ''sabre'' is recorded from the 1670s, as a direct loan from French, where ''sabre'' is an alteration of ''sable'', which was in turn loaned from German ''S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Aliyah
The Second Aliyah () was an aliyah (Jewish immigration to the Land of Israel) that took place between 1904 and 1914, during which approximately 35,000 Jews, mostly from Russia, with some from Yemen, immigrated into Ottoman Palestine. The Second Aliyah was a small part of the greater emigration of Jews from Eastern Europe which lasted from the 1870s until the 1920s. During this time, over two million Jews emigrated from Eastern Europe.Alroey, G. (2011). Information, decision, and migration: Jewish emigration from Eastern Europe in the early twentieth century. ''Immigrants & Minorities'', ''29''(01), 33-63. The majority of these emigrants settled in the United States where there was the greatest economic opportunity. Others settled in South America, Australia, and South Africa. There are multiple reasons for this mass emigration from Eastern Europe, including the growing antisemitism in Tzarist Russia and the Pale of Settlement. The manifestations of this antisemitism were var ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hitachdut Hatsofim Ve Hatsofot Be Israel
The Israel Boy and Girl Scouts Federation (, ''Hit'ahdut HaTzofim VeHaTzofot BeYisrael'') is Israel's federation of the five Scouting organizations in Israel, sorted by religious affiliation. Some 90,000 boys and girls belong to organizations in the federation. History The first Scout and Guide groups were founded in 1919. The federation was created in 1954 under the sponsorship of the Ministry of Education. The Israeli Scouts movement became a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement in 1951, after the establishment of the State of Israel and became a member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts in 1963. In 2009, Tzofim celebrated its 90th birthday. To mark the occasion, Israel's Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu met members of Tzofim at his office, where he told stories of his youth in the Modi'in troop in Jerusalem. Since 1973, 10-member troupes of scouts from the Tzofim tour Jewish communities in North America, performing concerts at Jewish s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hashomer Hatzair
Hashomer Hatzair (, , 'The Young Guard') is a Labor Zionism, Labor Zionist, secular Jewish youth movement founded in 1913 in the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, Austria-Hungary. It was also the name of the Hashomer Hatzair Workers Party, the group's political party in the Yishuv in Mandatory Palestine. Hashomer Hatzair, along with HaNoar HaOved VeHaLomed of Israel, is a member of the International Falcon Movement – Socialist Educational International. Early formation Hashomer Hatzair came into being as a result of the merger of two groups, ''Hashomer'' ('The Guard'), a Zionist scouting group, and ''Tze'irei Zion, Ze'irei Zion'' ('The Youth of Zion'), which was an ideological circle that studied Zionism, socialism and Jewish history. Hashomer Hatzair is the oldest Zionist youth movement still in existence. Initially Marxist-Zionist, the movement was influenced by the ideas of Ber Borochov and Gustav Wyneken as well as Robert Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell, Baden- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanoar Haoved Vehalomed
Histadrut HaNoar HaOved VeHaLomed (), most commonly translated as Working and Studying Youth and colloquially known as Noar HaOved and abbreviated No'al (), is an Israeli youth movement, a sister movement of Habonim Dror, and affiliated with the Labor Zionist movement. The organisation is a member of the International Falcon Movement – Socialist Educational International. History HaNoar HaOved VeHaLomed was founded in 1924. Initially it was called ''Hanoar HaOved'' ("Working Youth") and affiliated with the Histadrut. In 1959, the group joined ''HaTnua HaMeuhedet'' ("The United Movement") and the name was changed to '' HaNoar HaOved VeHaLomed''. In the 1990s, along with the decline of the kibbutz movement, HaNoar HaOved VeHaLomed began re-examining the ideal life path of its members, which had always began settling kibbutzim in '' gar'inim'' after finishing their mandatory period of army service. Instead, a model started to be put forward in which ''bogrim'' ("graduates") of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthur Koestler
Arthur Koestler (, ; ; ; 5 September 1905 – 1 March 1983) was an Austria-Hungary, Austro-Hungarian-born author and journalist. Koestler was born in Budapest, and was educated in Austria, apart from his early school years. In 1931, Koestler joined the Communist Party of Germany but resigned in 1938 after becoming disillusioned with Stalinism. Having moved to Britain in 1940, Koestler published his novel ''Darkness at Noon'', an anti-totalitarian work that gained him international fame. Over the next 43 years, Koestler espoused many political causes and wrote novels, memoirs, biographies, and numerous essays. In 1949, Koestler began secretly working with a British Cold War anti-communist propaganda department known as the Information Research Department (IRD), which would republish and distribute many of his works, and also fund his activities. In 1968, he was awarded the Sonning Prize "for [his] outstanding contribution to European culture". In 1972, he was made a Order of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1948 Arab-Israeli War
Events January * January 1 ** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated. ** The current Constitutions of Constitution of Italy, Italy and of Constitution of New Jersey, New Jersey (both later subject to amendment) go into effect. ** The railways of Britain are nationalized, to form British Railways. * January 4 – British rule in Burma, Burma gains its independence from the United Kingdom, becoming an independent republic, named the 'Post-independence Burma (1948–1962), Union of Burma', with Sao Shwe Thaik as its first President and U Nu its first Prime Minister. * January 5 – In the United States: ** Warner Brothers shows the first color newsreel (''Tournament of Roses Parade'' and the ''Rose Bowl Game''). ** The first Kinsey Reports, Kinsey Report, ''Sexual Behavior in the Human Male'', is published. * January 7 – Mantell UFO incident: Kentucky Air National Guard pilot Thomas Mantell crashes while in pursuit of an unidentified fl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tel Aviv
Tel Aviv-Yafo ( or , ; ), sometimes rendered as Tel Aviv-Jaffa, and usually referred to as just Tel Aviv, is the most populous city in the Gush Dan metropolitan area of Israel. Located on the Israeli Mediterranean coastline and with a population of 495,600, it is the economic and technological center of the country and a global high tech hub. If East Jerusalem is considered part of Israel, Tel Aviv is the country's second-most-populous city, after Jerusalem; if not, Tel Aviv is the most populous city, ahead of West Jerusalem. Tel Aviv is governed by the Tel Aviv-Yafo Municipality, headed by Mayor Ron Huldai, and is home to most of Israel's foreign embassies. It is a beta+ world city and is ranked 53rd in the 2022 Global Financial Centres Index. Tel Aviv has the third- or fourth-largest economy and the largest economy per capita in the Middle East. Tel Aviv is ranked the 4th top global startup ecosystem hub. The city currently has the highest cost of living in the wor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avshalom Feinberg
Avshalom Feinberg (, 23 October 1889 – 20 January 1917) was one of the leaders of Nili, a Jewish spy network in Ottoman Palestine, Palestine that helped the United Kingdom, British fight the Ottoman Empire during World War I. He was killed during a mission for the organization while attempting to cross the Ottoman-British front line with Yosef Lishansky, aiming to reconnect with British forces in the Sinai Peninsula for intelligence exchange between them and NILI. Early life Avshalom Feinberg was born in Gedera to Bilu (movement), Bilu pioneers Fanny (née Belkind) and Israel Feinberg. When he was around two years old, his family moved to Jaffa, following a conflict his father had with the Arab inhabitants of the village of Qatra, near Gedera. The young Avshalom was educated by his grandfather, Meir Belkind, a devout Torah scholar and enthusiast of the Bible. Later, his father sent him to a kuttab, where he studied Arabic and the Quran. After completing his studies there, F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I
World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting took place mainly in European theatre of World War I, Europe and the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I, Middle East, as well as in parts of African theatre of World War I, Africa and the Asian and Pacific theatre of World War I, Asia-Pacific, and in Europe was characterised by trench warfare; the widespread use of Artillery of World War I, artillery, machine guns, and Chemical weapons in World War I, chemical weapons (gas); and the introductions of Tanks in World War I, tanks and Aviation in World War I, aircraft. World War I was one of the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflicts in history, resulting in an estimated World War I casualties, 10 million military dead and more than 20 million wounded, plus some 10 million civilian de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1931 Census Of Palestine
The 1931 census of Palestine was the second census carried out by the authorities of Mandatory Palestine. It was carried out on 18 November 1931 under the direction of Major E. Mills after the 1922 census of Palestine. * Census of Palestine 1931, Volume I. Palestine Part I, Report. Alexandria, 1933 (349 pages). * Census of Palestine 1931, Volume II. Palestine, Part II, Tables. Alexandria, 1933 (595 pages). References Further reading * Miscellaneous short extracts from the census reports at Emory University * J. McCarthy, The Population of Palestine, Columbia University Press (1988). This contains many pages of tables extracted from the census reports. {{Authority control Censuses in Mandatory Palestine Census Of Palestine, 1931 Documents of Mandatory Palestine Palestine Palestine, officially the State of Palestine, is a country in West Asia. Recognized by International recognition of Palestine, 147 of the UN's 193 member states, it encompasses the Israeli-occupie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oz Almog (sociologist)
Oz Almog () is an Israeli and Austrian artist, born on 15 April 1956, in Kfar Saba, Israel. Biography Oz Almog was born to a family of Russian/Ukrainian pioneers (Avrutzki) and Romanian/Russian immigrants (Abramovich). After studying classical painting and completing his military service in the Israeli Navy, he studied at the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts. Work Oz Almog's artistic work is confrontational and provocative. In the 1980s, as a student of the Academy of Fine Arts in Austria, Almog took an active part with in off-scene underground culture in Europe. In the 1990s he addressed complex issues of human sexuality, totalitarian ideologies, consumerism and terrorism. In 1994, his ''Birth of a Myth'' (German title ''Geburt eines Mythos'') exhibition took place at WUK, an alternative arts center in Vienna. The center was converted into a shrine with flags and a flower-strewn floor. In some 70 oil paintings Almog auto-portrayed himself in the style of Nazi art, classicism and soc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
