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Proof That Pi Is Irrational
Proof most often refers to: * Proof (truth), argument or sufficient evidence for the truth of a proposition * Alcohol proof, a measure of an alcoholic drink's strength Proof may also refer to: Mathematics and formal logic * Formal proof, a construct in proof theory * Mathematical proof, a convincing demonstration that some mathematical statement is necessarily true * Proof complexity, computational resources required to prove statements * Proof procedure, method for producing proofs in proof theory * Proof theory, a branch of mathematical logic that represents proofs as formal mathematical objects * Statistical proof, demonstration of degree of certainty for a hypothesis Law and philosophy * Evidence, information which tends to determine or demonstrate the truth of a proposition * Evidence (law), tested evidence or a legal proof * Legal burden of proof, duty to establish the truth of facts in a trial * Philosophic burden of proof, obligation on a party in a dispute to pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proof (truth)
A proof is sufficient evidence or a sufficient argument for the truth of a proposition. The concept applies in a variety of disciplines, with both the nature of the evidence or justification and the criteria for sufficiency being area-dependent. In the area of oral and written communication such as conversation, dialog, rhetoric, etc., a proof is a persuasive perlocutionary speech act, which demonstrates the truth of a proposition. In any area of mathematics defined by its assumptions or axioms, a proof is an argument establishing a theorem of that area via accepted rules of inference starting from those axioms and from other previously established theorems. The subject of logic, in particular proof theory, formalizes and studies the notion of formal proof. In some areas of epistemology and theology, the notion of justification plays approximately the role of proof, while in jurisprudence the corresponding term is evidence, with "burden of proof" as a concept common to bot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proof Test
A proof test is a form of stress test to demonstrate the fitness of a load-bearing structure. An individual proof test may apply only to the unit tested, or to its design in general for mass-produced items. Such a structure is often subjected to loads above that expected in actual use, demonstrating safety and design margin. Proof testing is nominally a nondestructive test, particularly if both design margins and test levels are well-chosen. However, unit failures are by definition considered to have been destroyed for their originally-intended use and load levels. Proof tests may be performed before a new design or unit is allowed to enter service, or perform additional uses, or to verify that an existing unit is still functional as intended.Test intervals for in-service ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hal Clement
Harry Clement Stubbs (May 30, 1922 – October 29, 2003), better known by the pen name Hal Clement, was an American science fiction writer and a leader of the hard science fiction subgenre. He also painted astronomically oriented artworks under the name George Richard. In 1998 Clement was inducted by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame and named the 17th SFWA Grand Master by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America (presented in 1999). Biography Harry Clement Stubbs was born in Somerville, Massachusetts on May 30, 1922. He went to Harvard, graduating with a B.S. in astronomy in 1943. While there he wrote his first published story, "Proof", which appeared in the June 1942 issue of ''Astounding Science Fiction'', edited by John W. Campbell; three more appeared in later 1942 numbers. His further educational background includes an M.Ed. (Boston University 1946) and M.S. in chemistry (Simmons College 1963). During World War II Clement was a pilot and copilo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proof (comics)
''Proof'' is an American comic book series, published by Image Comics and created by writer Alex Grecian and artist Riley Rossmo. The story concerns John "Proof" Prufrock, a sasquatch, who works for a secret government organization. He hunts cryptids with his partner, Ginger Brown, and seeks clues to his past. The book was influenced by ''The X-Files'' and Tarzan. The first issue was released on October 24, 2007. Besides individual issues and trade paperbacks, ''Proof'' is also available on the iPhone and iPod Touch. Publication history The character of Proof first appeared in "Berserker", a short story published in '' Negative Burn'' #7 (December 2006). The black-and-white story, also created by Alex Grecian and Riley Rossmo, shows Proof's battle with a skin-walker. Besides his own title, Proof appeared in 2008's ''Image Monster Pile-Up'', a one-shot anthology comic that also featured The Astounding Wolf-Man, The Perhapanauts, and Firebreather. Plot The first arc, "Goats ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proof (Devious Maids)
The second season of the American television comedy-drama series '' Devious Maids'' began airing on Lifetime on April 20, 2014. The season consists of 13 episodes. Plot The second season premiered on April 20, 2014. The season centers on the mystery story of Opal, the new, 40-something maid, played by Joanna P. Adler. The character is described as "reminiscent of Mrs. Danvers from Hitchcock's ''Rebecca''" and is seen as a threat to Marisol's new relationship with Nicholas. The second season also deals with Rosie working for an African-American family that is scheming to do harm to an elderly man she's hired to act as a caregiver, Zoila dealing with her estrangement from her husband Pablo while her daughter Valentina tries to distance herself from Remi and Zoila while trying to downplay the attention of pool boy Ethan, both of whom, along with a new body guard, Tony, are hired by Adrian and Evelyn Powell in the wake of a series of robberies that leads to deadly consequences for Ale ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proof (2015 TV Series)
''Proof'' is an American supernatural drama television series that aired on TNT from June 16 through August 18, 2015. The series starred Jennifer Beals, Matthew Modine, and Joe Morton. It was produced by TNT, with Kyra Sedgwick, series creator Rob Bragin, Tom Jacobson, Jill Littman, and Alex Graves serving as executive producers. On September 24, 2015, TNT canceled the series of ''Proof'' after one season. Plot Following the death of her teenage son, a legal separation from her husband, and a rift with her daughter, Dr. Carolyn Tyler is persuaded by Ivan Turing, a tech inventor and billionaire with cancer, to investigate supernatural cases of reincarnation, near-death experiences, and hauntings, in hopes of finding evidence that death is not final. Cast * Jennifer Beals as Dr. Carolyn "Cat" Tyler: a cardiac surgeon at Bay Vista Hospital in Seattle * Matthew Modine as Ivan Turing: an inventor billionaire stricken with cancer * David Sutcliffe as Dr. Leonard "Len" Barliss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proof (2004 TV Series)
''Proof'' is an Irish television series, co-produced by Subotica for broadcast on RTÉ; it was first broadcast on 5 January 2004. Starring Finbar Lynch and Orla Brady as investigative journalists Terry Corcoran and Maureen Boland, ''Proof'' lasted for two series, with a second series, subtitled ''Prescription for Murder'', airing in April 2005. The series was a co-production with TV2 of Denmark, and as such, both series were broadcast in the region in 2006. Likewise, both series aired on PBS in the United States and were released on DVD in January and April 2007. In 2009, both series were broadcast by Scottish broadcaster STV. The first series was directed by Ciaran Donnelly and the second by Thaddeus O'Sullivan. Tristan Lynch and Mary Callery acted as executive producers. Both series were filmed on location in Ireland. The series was a hit with critics and audiences alike, and became a ratings success for RTÉ, becoming the channel's most watched drama in 2004, beating off ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proof (2005 Film)
''Proof'' is a 2005 American drama film directed by John Madden and starring Gwyneth Paltrow, Anthony Hopkins, Jake Gyllenhaal, and Hope Davis. The screenplay was written by Rebecca Miller and David Auburn, based on Auburn's Pulitzer Prize-winning play of the same name. Plot The plot alternates between events immediately following the death of Robert, a brilliant mathematician at the University of Chicago whose genius was undone by crippling mental illness, and flashbacks revealing the life he shared with his daughter Catherine. Catherine is also a mathematician and was once a promising student at Northwestern University, but she struggles with living in her father's shadow and balancing her demanding studies with caring for her father, as well as the fear that she may have inherited his mental illness. At home, Robert clings to sanity by constantly bombarding Catherine with complex mathematical problems. In the opening scene Robert startles Catherine while she watches TV i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proof (1991 Film)
''Proof'' is a 1991 Australian romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by Jocelyn Moorhouse. The film stars Hugo Weaving, Geneviève Picot and Russell Crowe. The film was released in Australia on 15 August 1991. It was chosen as "Best Film" at the 1991 Australian Film Institute Awards, along with five other awards, including Moorhouse for Best Director, Weaving for Best Leading Actor, and Crowe for Best Supporting Actor. Plot The story concerns the tribulations of Martin, a blind photographer. Through a series of flashbacks, Martin is shown as a child, distrustful of his own mother. She describes to him the garden outside his bedroom window. She tells him that someone is raking leaves, but he can't hear the sound and angrily decides she is lying to him. This childhood experience strongly affects Martin as an adult, as he anticipates that sighted people will take advantage of his blindness to lie to him, or worse yet, pity him. He has become a resentful, vaguely bitt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fandango (1985 Film)
''Fandango'' is a 1985 American comedy film directed by Kevin Reynolds. It was originally a student film titled ''Proof'' made by Reynolds while he was attending USC film school. It was a parody of Greek life at his alma mater Baylor University. However, due to his father's presidency at Baylor, he did not wish to portray the Baptist institution in an unfavorable light and gave it the alternative distinction as the University of Texas. The film is now a cult classic. Steven Spielberg saw the film and helped fund a feature-length comedy/drama about five college students from Texas in 1971 who go on a "last road trip" together, celebrating the "privilege of youth" as they face graduation, marriage and the draft for the Vietnam War. ''Fandango'' stars Kevin Costner (in his first starring role, although an earlier film where he had been the lead actor, '' The Gunrunner'' had actually wrapped in 1983 but was not released until 1989), Judd Nelson and Sam Robards. The soundtrack fe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proof (play)
''Proof'' is a 2000 play by the American playwright David Auburn. ''Proof'' was developed at George Street Playhouse in New Brunswick, New Jersey, during the 1999 Next Stage Series of new plays. The play premiered Off-Broadway in May 2000 and transferred to Broadway in October 2000. The play won the 2001 Pulitzer Prize for Drama and the Tony Award for Best Play. Plot The play concerns Catherine, the daughter of Robert, a recently deceased mathematical genius in his fifties and professor at the University of Chicago, and her struggle with mathematical genius and mental illness. Catherine had cared for her father through a lengthy mental illness. Upon Robert's death, his ex-graduate student Hal discovers a paradigm-shifting proof about prime numbers in Robert's office. The title refers both to that proof and to the play's central question: Can Catherine prove the proof's authorship? Along with demonstrating the proof's authenticity, Catherine also finds herself in a relationsh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proof School
Proof School is a secondary school in San Francisco that offers a mathematics-focused liberal arts education. Currently, 118 students in grades 6–12 are enrolled in Proof School for the academic year (2022-2023). The school was co-founded by Dennis Leary, Ian Brown, and Paul Zeitz, the chair of mathematics at University of San Francisco. The school opened in the fall of 2015 with 45 students in grades 6–10. The curriculum is inspired by math circles, which emphasizes communication and working together to solve math problems. Academics Proof School is a full-curriculum day school that emphasizes communication, collaboration, and problem-solving. The school is accredited by Western Association of Schools and Colleges. The school year is divided into 5 blocks, each of which consists of 6 normal academic weeks and a build week. Each student has 5 courses: 4 morning courses that vary across grades, and a math class. The morning courses meet twice a week for 80 minutes per clas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
