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Paralympic Cross-country Skiing
Paralympic cross-country skiing is an adaptation of cross-country skiing for athletes with disabilities. Paralympic cross-country skiing is one of two Nordic skiing disciplines in the Winter Paralympic Games; the other is biathlon. Competition is governed by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC). Classification of skiers and events Paralympic cross-country skiing includes standing events, sitting events (for wheelchair users), and events for visually impaired athletes under the rules of the International Paralympic Committee. These are divided into several categories for people who are missing limbs, have amputations, are blind, or have any other physical disability, to continue their sport. The classifications are for: * Standing skiers with arm impairments, leg impairments or with both arm and leg impairments. * Sit-Skiers, all with leg impairments, but with varying degrees of torso control. * Skiers with visual impairment including blindness, low visual acuity, and limi ...
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Paralympic XC Ski One-arm
The Paralympic Games or Paralympics, also known as the ''Games of the Paralympiad'', is a periodic series of international multisport events involving athletes with a range of physical disabilities, including impaired muscle power and impaired passive range of movement, limb deficiency, leg length difference, short stature, hypertonia, ataxia, athetosis, vision impairment and intellectual impairment. There are Winter and Summer Paralympic Games, which since the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea, are held almost immediately following the respective Olympic Games. All Paralympic Games are governed by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC). The Paralympics has grown from a small gathering of British World War II veterans in 1948 to become one of the largest international sporting events by the early 21st century. The Paralympics has grown from 400 athletes with a disability from 23 countries in Rome 1960, where they were proposed by doctor Antonio Maglio, to 4,52 ...
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Lillehammer
Lillehammer () is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Gudbrandsdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Lillehammer. Some of the more notable villages in the municipality include Fåberg, Hunderfossen, Jørstadmoen, Vingnes, and Vingrom. The municipality is the 211th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Lillehammer is the 38th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 28,425. The municipality's population density is and its population has increased by 6.2% over the previous 10-year period. The town of Lillehammer is the largest urban centre in the municipality. It lies in the central part of the municipality and it is surrounded by more rural areas. The town centre is a late nineteenth-century concentration of wooden houses, which enjoys a picturesque location overlooking the northern part of lake Mjøsa and the river Lågen, surrounded by mountains. Lille ...
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Ski For Light
Ski for Light, Inc. is a non-profit organization founded in 1975 that provides opportunities for visually impaired and mobility-impaired people to experience cross-country skiing. It hosts an annual week-long event at various U.S. locations. Cross-country ski program for visually impaired and mobility-impaired people Ski for Light provides cross-country skiing programs for visually impaired and mobility-impaired adults, pairing each visually impaired person with an experienced, sighted cross-country skier, who serves both as instructor and guide. The organization holds an annual week-long event for upwards of 200 participants and guides at different venues in the United States. Disabled skiers and their assigned guides ski together in parallel sets of tracks, thus facilitating the ability of the guides to inform skiers about the terrain ahead. The skill levels of participants with impairments span from novice to expert skier. The annual event includes both touring and racing ...
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Cross-country Skiing At The Winter Paralympics
Cross-country skiing has been contested at the Winter Paralympic Games since the first Winter Games in 1976. Summary Events Medal table IPC Historical Results Database - Participation and Medallist Reports - Medal Standings
(IPC) NPCs in ''italics'' no longer compete at the Winter Paralympics ''As of ''


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2010 Winter Paralympics
) , nations = 44 , athletes = 506 , events = 64 in 5 sports , opening = 12 March , closing = 21 March , opened_by = Governor General Michaëlle Jean , cauldron = Zach Beaumont , stadium = BC Place , winter_prev = Turin 2006 , winter_next = Sochi 2014 , summer_prev = Beijing 2008 , summer_next = London 2012 The 2010 Winter Paralympics (french: Jeux paralympiques d'hiver de 2010), or the tenth Paralympic Winter Games, were held in Vancouver and Whistler, British Columbia, Canada from March 12 to 21, 2010. The Opening Ceremony took place in BC Place Stadium in Vancouver and the Closing Ceremony in Whistler Medals Plaza. This was the first time Canada hosted the Winter Paralympic Games and second time it hosted the Paralympics – the first was the 1976 Summer Paralympics in Toronto. On June 7, 2006, Prince Edward, as a member of the Canadian Royal Family and patron of the British Paralympic Association, raised the flag of the Para ...
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2006 Winter Paralympics
The 2006 Winter Paralympic Games ( it, Giochi paralimpici invernali del 2006), the ninth Paralympic Winter Games, took place in Turin, Italy from 10 to 19 March 2006. These were the first Winter Paralympic Games to be held in Italy. They were also the first Paralympics to use the new Paralympics logo. Italy will host the Winter Paralympics again in 2026, scheduled to be held in Milan and Cortina d'Ampezzo. Medal count The top 10 NPCs by number of gold medals are listed below. The host nation (Italy) is highlighted. Sports The Games featured 58 medal events in five disciplines of four sports. As with other Paralympic Games, medals are awarded for each classification within each event. The sport of wheelchair curling made its Paralympic debut at these games. * * * Nordic skiing ** ** * Venues The sport venues were also used during the Winter Olympics, although not all Olympic venues were in use for the Paralympics. Opening ceremonies was held at Stadio Olimpico Gr ...
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2002 Winter Paralympics
The 2002 Winter Paralympics, the eighth Paralympic Winter Games, were held in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, from March 7 to 16, 2002. A total of 416 athletes from 36 nations participated. They were the first Winter Paralympics in the American continent. These were the first Paralympic Winter Games for Andorra, Chile, China, Croatia, Greece, and Hungary. Ragnhild Myklebust of Norway won five gold medals in skiing and biathlon, becoming the most successful Winter Paralympic athlete of all time with 22 medals, 17 of them gold. Opening ceremony The opening ceremony was held on 7 March 2002 at Rice-Eccles Stadium, with more than 40,000 spectators. Muffy Davis and Chris Waddell jointly lit the Paralympic cauldron. Closing ceremony The closing ceremony with a more than 25.000 audience was held on 16 March 2002 at the Olympic Medals Plaza in downtown Salt Lake City. Sports The games consisted of four disciplines in three sports, with 92 medal events in total. * * * * Venues ...
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1998 Winter Paralympics
The , the seventh Paralympic Winter Games, were held alongside the Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan from 5 to 14 March 1998. They were the first Paralympic Winter Games to be held outside Europe. 571 athletes competed in Nagano; as 2022 it remains the highest number of athletes competing at any Winter Paralympics. Sports The games consisted of 122 events in five sports: alpine skiing, ice sledge hockey, ice sledge racing, and Nordic skiing. The sport of Nordic skiing comprised two disciplines, the biathlon and cross-country skiing. * Alpine skiing * Sledge hockey * Ice sledge racing * Nordic skiing ** Biathlon ** Cross-country skiing Venues In total seven venues were used at the 1998 Winter Olympics around four cities and towns. Nagano * M-Wave – opening/closing ceremonies, ice sledge racing * Aqua Wing Arena – ice sledge hockey Hakuba * Happo'one Resort: Alpine skiing (Downhill and Super-G) * Snow Harp, Kamishiro: Cross-country skiing Nozawaonsen * Nozaw ...
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1992 Winter Paralympics
The 1992 Winter Paralympics (french: Jeux paralympiques d'hiver de 1992) were the fifth Winter Paralympics. They were the first Winter Paralympics to be celebrated with the International Olympic Committee cooperation. They were also the first ever Paralympics or a Winter Parasports event held in France. They were held at the resort of Tignes as a support venue of the main host city Albertville, France, from 25 March to 1 April 1992. For the first time, demonstration events in Alpine and Nordic Skiing for athletes with an intellectual disability and Biathlon for athletes with a visual impairment were held. Sports The games consisted of 79 events in three disciplines of two sports. * Alpine skiing * Nordic skiing ** Biathlon ** Cross-country skiing Medal table The top 10 NPCs by number of gold medals are listed below. The host nation (France) is highlighted. Participating nations Twenty four nations participated in the 1992 Winter Paralympics. Germany became an independe ...
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1988 Winter Paralympics
The 1988 Winter Paralympic Games (german: Paralympische Winterspiele 1988) were the fourth Winter Paralympics, held again in Innsbruck, Austria. These were the last Winter Paralympics to be held in a separate location from the Winter Olympics. Beginning in 1992, the Olympics and the Paralympics were held in the same city or in an adjacent city. These Paralympics were not held at the same Olympic venue in Calgary, Canada, because of financial and recruiting difficulties. A total of 377 athletes from 22 countries took part. The USSR competed for the first and only time. Sit-skiing was introduced as another event in both the Alpine and Nordic skiing competitions. Other sports were biathlon and ice sledge speed racing. Ice sledge speed racer Knut Lundstroem from Norway was the most successful athlete, winning four gold medals in the 100m, 500m, 1000m and 1500m events. Sports * Alpine skiing * Ice sledge speed racing * Nordic skiing ** Biathlon ** Cross-country skiing Medal table ...
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1980 Winter Paralympics
The 1980 Winter Paralympic Games ( no, Paralympiske vinterleker 1980; nn, Paralympiske vinterleikane 1980), the second Winter Paralympics, were held from 1 to 7 February 1980 in Geilo, Norway. Eighteen countries took part with 299 athletes. A demonstration event was held in sledge downhill racing. All classes of athletes with locomotor disabilities were able to participate. Organized by the International Stoke Mandeville Games Federation (ISMGF) and the International Sports Federation of the Disabled (ISOD). Originally known as the 2nd Olympic Winter Games for Disabled.Paralympics
( Swedish), biblioteket.se


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Olympic Winter Games
The Winter Olympic Games (french: link=no, Jeux olympiques d'hiver) is a major international multi-sport event held once every four years for sports practiced on snow and ice. The first Winter Olympic Games, the 1924 Winter Olympics, were held in Chamonix, France. The modern Olympic Games were inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, which were held in Olympia, Greece, from the 8th century BC to the 4th century AD. Pierre de Coubertin, Baron Pierre de Coubertin founded the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1894, leading to the first modern Summer Olympic Games in Athens, Greece in 1896. The IOC is the governing body of the Olympic movement, Olympic Movement, with the Olympic Charter defining its structure and authority. The original five Winter Olympic Sports (consisting of nine disciplines) were Bobsleigh at the 1924 Winter Olympics, bobsleigh, Curling at the 1924 Winter Olympics, curling, Ice hockey at the 1924 Winter Olympics, ice hockey, Nordic skiing at the 1924 Wint ...
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