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Princely States Of Pakistan
The Princely States of Pakistan () were princely states of the British Indian Empire which Instrument of accession, acceded to the new Dominion of Pakistan in 1947 and 1948, following the partition of India, partition of British India and its Independence Day (Pakistan), independence. At the time of the withdrawal of British forces from Indian subcontinent, the subcontinent on 15 August 1947, West Pakistan was less than half of its ultimate size. The States were incorporated following a year of negotiations and interventions. Options of the Princes With the withdrawal of the British from the Indian subcontinent, in 1947, the Indian Independence Act 1947, Indian Independence Act provided that the hundreds of princely states which had existed alongside but outside British India were released from all their subsidiary alliances and other treaty obligations to the British, while at the same time the British withdrew from their treaty obligations to defend the states and keep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suzerainty
A suzerain (, from Old French "above" + "supreme, chief") is a person, state (polity)">state or polity who has supremacy and dominant influence over the foreign policy">polity.html" ;"title="state (polity)">state or polity">state (polity)">state or polity who has supremacy and dominant influence over the foreign policy and economic relations of another subordinate party or polity, but allows internal autonomy to that subordinate. Where the subordinate polity is called a vassal, vassal state or tributary state, the dominant party is called the suzerain. The rights and obligations of a vassal are called ''vassalage'', and the rights and obligations of a suzerain are called suzerainty. Suzerainty differs from sovereignty in that the dominant power does not exercise centralized governance over the vassals, allowing tributary states to be technically self-ruling but enjoy only limited independence. Although the situation has existed in a number of historical empires, it is con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Manavadar
Manavadar is a city and a municipality in Junagadh district of India. History Bantva Manavadar was a princely state of British India. Founded in 1733, it became a British protectorate in 1818. On 25 September 1947, it acceded to the newly formed Pakistan. However, Indian forces entered the area on the grounds that the state was a vassal of the Junagadh state, which was itself a vassal of the Baroda state that had acceded to India. This land is still considered a disputed area between India and Pakistan. It was also known as the Asia's third center for cotton ginning. It contained almost around more than 75 ginning factories of cotton. Pakistan's government has maintained its territorial claim on Manavadar, along with Junagadh State and Sir Creek in Gujarat, on its official political map. Geography Manavadar is located at . It has an average elevation of 24 metres (78 feet). Demographics India census, Manavadar had a population of 27,559. Males constitute ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bantva Manavadar
Bantva-Manavadar or Manavadar State was a princely state during the era of the British Raj in India. It was located on the Kathiawar peninsula in Gujarat. See also *Political integration of India * Bantva Memons * Bantva References External links * This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain The public domain (PD) consists of all the creative work to which no Exclusive exclusive intellectual property rights apply. Those rights may have expired, been forfeited, expressly Waiver, waived, or may be inapplicable. Because no one holds ...: {{cite book, title=Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency: Kathiawar, url=https://archive.org/details/1884GazetteerByBombayPresidencyVol8Kathiawar349D, year=1884, publisher=Printed at the Government Central Press, Bombay, volume=VIII, pages=377–378 Princely states of Gujarat Pashtun dynasties History of Gujarat 1733 establishments in India 1947 disestablishments in India States and territories dis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghulam Moinuddin Khanji
Ghulam Moinuddin Khanji (22 December 1911 – 13 February 2003) was the ruler of Manavadar State, one of the princely states associated with British India. Although Khanji chose to accede to Pakistan after the partition of India, the state was soon annexed by India and a subsequent referendum resulted in a massive Indian victory. An able sportsman, Khanji played first-class cricket for Western India and in his later life, was also the president of the Pakistan Hockey Federation. Early life Khanji was born as Ghulam Moinuddin Khanji at Manavadar, Bantva Manavadar (in present-day Gujarat, India) on 22 December 1911. He was the eldest son of Nawab Fatehuddin Khanji. His mother, Fatima Siddiqa Begum was the second wife of Fatehuddin. Moinuddin graduated from Rajkumar College, Rajkot.''Who's Who in India, Burma & Ceylon'' (Who's Who Publishers (India) Limited, 1936), p. 541 Reign Khanji ascended the throne of Manavadar on 19 October 1918 after the death of his father. Since he w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Integration Of Junagadh
In February 1948, the princely state of Junagadh, located in what is now the Indian state of Gujarat, was annexed to the Union of India after a dispute with the Dominion of Pakistan, regarding its accession, and a plebiscite. Junagadh had been a princely state under the suzerainty of the British Crown, until independence and partition of British India in 1947. It had the choice of joining one of the two newly independent dominions: the Union of India or Pakistan. It was ruled by Nawab Muhammad Mahabat Khanji III, a Muslim whose ancestors had ruled Junagadh and small principalities for some two hundred years. The Nawab decided that Junagadh should become part of Pakistan, much to the displeasure of many of the people of the state, an overwhelming majority of whom were Hindus, about 80%. The Nawab acceded to the Dominion of Pakistan on 15 August 1947, against the advice of Lord Mountbatten, the Governor-General of India, arguing that Junagadh joined Pakistan only by sea. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Referendum
A referendum, plebiscite, or ballot measure is a Direct democracy, direct vote by the Constituency, electorate (rather than their Representative democracy, representatives) on a proposal, law, or political issue. A referendum may be either binding (resulting in the adoption of a new policy) or advisory (functioning like a large-scale opinion poll). Etymology 'Referendum' is the gerundive form of the Latin language, Latin verb , literally "to carry back" (from the verb , "to bear, bring, carry" plus the inseparable prefix , here meaning "back"Marchant & Charles, Cassell's Latin Dictionary, 1928, p. 469.). As a gerundive is an adjective,A gerundive is a verbal adjective (Kennedy's Shorter Latin Primer, 1962 edition, p. 91.) not a noun, it cannot be used alone in Latin, and must be contained within a context attached to a noun such as , "A proposal which must be carried back to the people". The addition of the verb (3rd person singular, ) to a gerundive, denotes the idea of nece ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Ali Jinnah
Muhammad Ali Jinnah (born Mahomedali Jinnahbhai; 25 December 187611 September 1948) was a barrister, politician, and the founder of Pakistan. Jinnah served as the leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913 until the inception of Pakistan on 14 August 1947 and then as Pakistan's first governor-general until his death. Born at Wazir Mansion in Karachi, Jinnah was trained as a barrister at Lincoln's Inn in London, England. Upon his return to India, he enrolled at the Bombay High Court, and took an interest in national politics, which eventually replaced his legal practice. Jinnah rose to prominence in the Indian National Congress in the first two decades of the 20th century. In these early years of his political career, Jinnah advocated Hindu–Muslim unity, helping to shape the 1916 Lucknow Pact between the Congress and the All-India Muslim League, in which Jinnah had also become prominent. Jinnah became a key leader in the All-India Home Rule League, and propose ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shah Nawaz Bhutto
Shah Nawaz Bhutto (, , ), 8 March 1888 – 19 November 1957, was a politician and a member of the Bhutto family hailing from Larkana in the Sind region of the Bombay Presidency of British India, which is now Sindh, Pakistan. Early life and education Shah Nawaz Bhutto was born on 8 March 1888 in Garhi Khuda Bakhsh in Ratodero Taleka in the Larkana District of the Sind region, within the Bombay Presidency of British India (now in Sindh, Pakistan) into a Sunni Muslim family of the Bhutto clan of Arain to father Ghulam Murtaza Bhutto. He was also the youngest brother of Nawab Nabi Bux Khan Bhutto. The Bhutto family owned 250,000 acres of land spread across Sindh, in Larkana, Sukkur and Jacobabad. Shah Nawaz got his early education and later at St. Patrick's High School in Karachi, and then at Sindh Madressa, also in Karachi. Career and dewan of Junagadh Bhutto entered the Legislative Council of the Bombay Province, of which Sindh was a part, in 1921 at the age of 33. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Mahabat Khan III
Sir Muhammad Mahabat Khanji III Rasul Khanji, (2 August 1898 – 17 November 1959) was the last ruling Nawab of Junagadh of the princely state of Junagadh in India from 1911 to 1948. He was the father of Muhammad Dilawar Khanji – former Governor of Sindh and his claimed successor. Famed for his extravagant lifestyle and his love of dogs, his decision to accede Junagadh to the Dominion of Pakistan following India's Independence led to the Indian Army taking military action. He is credited with pioneering a conservation effort in the Nawab of Junagarh's private hunting grounds, in what is now the Gir National Park, that saved India's last few lions from almost certain extinction. Early life '' Nawabzada'' Muhammad Mahabat Khanji III was born on 2 August 1898 at Junagadh, the fourth son of HH Nawab Sir Muhammad Rasul Khanji, GCSI (1858–1911; r. 1892–1911). As the fourth son, Mahabat was not expected to succeed to the ''musnaid'' of Junagadh; however, following the death o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kathiawar
Kathiawar (), also known as Saurashtra, is a peninsula in the south-western Gujarat state in India, bordering the Arabian Sea and covering about . It is bounded by the Kutch district in the north, the Gulf of Kutch in the northwest, and by the Gulf of Khambhat in the east. In the northeast, it is connected to the rest of the state and borders on the low, fertile hinterland of Ahmedabad. It is crossed by two belts of hill country and is drained radially by nine rivers which have little natural flow aside from in monsoon months, thus dams have been built on some of these. Kathiawar ports have been flourishing centres of trade and commerce since at least the 16th century. It was formerly a Saurashtra (state), state of India. Etymology and history The name Kathiawad seems to have been derived from the early settlements of Kathikas or Kathi people, Kathis who entered Gujarat from Sindh in early centuries of the Common Era. The name "Saurashtra" itself is from Sanskrit (, ), the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Junagadh State
The State of Junagadh or Junagarh was a princely state located in Gujarat, It was ruled by the Muslim Babi dynasty since 1654 by first Nawab of Junagarh, Nawab of Junagadh even within the Maratha Confederacy and later British India. which, after the partition of British India, Political integration of India, acceded to the Dominion of Pakistan. Subsequently, the Dominion of India, Union of India Annexation of Junagadh, annexed Junagadh in 1948, legitimized through a plebiscite held the same year. Pakistan claims sovereignty over the erstwhile princely state to this day. Junagarh State Council with S Parmar have been entrusted with the erstwhile princely state of Junagarh. History The state of Junagadh was established by the Maharaja of Parmar (Rajput clan), Parmar Rajputs. Muhammad Sher Khan Babai was the founder of the Babi dynasty, Babi Pashtun dynasty of Junagarh in 1654. His descendants, the Babi Nawabs of Junagarh, conquered large territories in southern Saurashtra (regi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
