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Plate Money
The Svenska riksdaler () was the name of a Swedish coin first minted in 1604. Between 1777 and 1873, it was the currency of Sweden. The daler, like the dollar,''National Geographic''. June 2002. p. 1. ''Ask Us''. was named after the German Thaler. The similarly named Reichsthaler, rijksdaalder, and rigsdaler were used in Germany and Austria-Hungary, the Netherlands, and Denmark-Norway, respectively. ''Riksdaler'' is still used as a colloquial term for Swedish krona, krona, Sweden's modern-day currency. History Penning accounting system The ''daler'' was introduced in 1534. It was initially intended for international use and was divided into 4 marks and then a mark is further subdivided into 8 öre and then an öre is further subdivided into 24 Swedish penning, pennings. In 1604, the name was changed to ''riksdaler'' ("daler of the rike, realm", cf. Reichsthaler). In 1609, the riksdaler rose to a value of 6 mark when the other Swedish coins were debasement, debased but the rik ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swedish Plate Money In The British Museum
Swedish or ' may refer to: Anything from or related to Sweden, a country in Northern Europe. Or, specifically: * Swedish language, a North Germanic language spoken primarily in Sweden and Finland ** Swedish alphabet, the official alphabet used by the Swedish language * Swedish people or Swedes, persons with a Swedish ancestral or ethnic identity ** A national or citizen of Sweden, see demographics of Sweden ** Culture of Sweden * Swedish cuisine See also * * Swedish Church (other) * Swedish Institute (other) * Swedish invasion (other) * Swedish Open (other) Swedish Open is a tennis tournament. Swedish Open may also refer to: * Swedish Open (badminton) * Swedish Open (table tennis) * Swedish Open (squash) * Swedish Open (darts) {{disambiguation ... {{disambig Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Debasement
A debasement of coinage is the practice of lowering the intrinsic value of coins, especially when used in connection with commodity money, such as gold or silver coins, while continuing to circulate it at face value. A coin is said to be debased if the quantity of gold, silver, copper or nickel in the coin is reduced. Examples Roman Empire In Roman currency, the value of the denarius was gradually decreased over time as the Ancient Rome, Roman government altered both the size and the silver content of the coin. Originally, the silver used was nearly pure, weighing about 4.5 grams. From time to time, this was reduced. During the Julio-Claudian dynasty, the denarius contained approximately 4 grams of silver, and then was reduced to 3.8 grams under Nero. The denarius continued to shrink in size and purity, until by the second half of the third century, it was only about 2% silver, and was replaced by the Argenteus. Ottoman Empire Weight of akçe in grams of silver and ind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sveriges Riksbank
Sveriges Riksbank, or simply the Riksbank, is the central bank of Sweden. Founded in 1668, it is the world's oldest surviving central bank, and the third oldest bank in continuous operation. Prior to World War I, it was also the only state-owned central bank outside of the Russian Empire. Etymology The first part of the word ''riksbank'', ''riks'', stems from the Swedish word ''rike'', which means ''realm'', ''kingdom'', ''empire'' or ''nation'' in English. A literal English translation of the bank's name could thus be ''Sweden's Realm's Bank''. The bank, however, does not translate its name into English but rather uses its Swedish name ''the Riksbank'' in its official English-language communications also. History The Riksbank began operations in 1668. Previously, Sweden was served by the Stockholms Banco (also known as the Bank of Palmstruch), founded by Johan Palmstruch in 1656. Although the bank was private, it was the king who chose its management: in a letter to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1 Riksdaler - Gustav III 1781
1 (one, unit, unity) is a number, numeral, and glyph. It is the first and smallest positive integer of the infinite sequence of natural numbers. This fundamental property has led to its unique uses in other fields, ranging from science to sports, where it commonly denotes the first, leading, or top thing in a group. 1 is the unit of counting or measurement, a determiner for singular nouns, and a gender-neutral pronoun. Historically, the representation of 1 evolved from ancient Sumerian and Babylonian symbols to the modern Arabic numeral. In mathematics, 1 is the multiplicative identity, meaning that any number multiplied by 1 equals the same number. 1 is by convention not considered a prime number. In digital technology, 1 represents the "on" state in binary code, the foundation of computing. Philosophically, 1 symbolizes the ultimate reality or source of existence in various traditions. In mathematics The number 1 is the first natural number after 0. Each natural number, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seigniorage
Seigniorage , also spelled seignorage or seigneurage (), is the increase in the value of money due to money creation minus the cost of producing the additional money. Monetary seigniorage is where government bonds are exchanged for newly created money by a central bank, allowing debt monetization ("borrowing" without repaying). The increased purchasing power of the government at the expense of public purchasing power imposes what is known as an inflation tax on the public. Seignorage can also refer to: * Seigniorage derived from specie (metal coins) is a tax added to the total cost of a coin (metal content and production costs) that a customer of the mint had to pay, and which was sent to the sovereign of the political region. * Seigniorage derived from banknotes is the difference between interest earned on securities acquired in exchange for banknotes and the cost of printing and distributing the notes. Seigniorage is the positive return, or carry, on issued notes and coin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norwegian Rigsdaler
The rigsdaler specie was a unit of silver currency used in Norway from 1544, renamed as the speciedaler in 1816 and used until 1873. Norway used a common reichsthaler currency system shared with Denmark, Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein until 1873 when the gold standard was implemented in Scandinavia and the German Empire. Rigsdaler specie The reichsthaler currency system used in Northern Europe until 1873 consisted of the silver Reichsthaler specie (''Rigsdaler specie'') worth 120 ''skillings'' in Norway and Denmark, and the lower-valued ''Rigsdaler courant'' worth th of specie or 96 ''skillings'' (both units worth 60 and 48 ''schellingen'', respectively, in Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein). The Hamburg Bank equated 9 reichsthalers specie to a Cologne Mark of fine silver, hence 25.28 g silver in a ''rigsdaler specie''. Coins In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, coins were issued in denominations of 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 skilling, , , , , and 1 rigsdaler specie. Banknotes In 16 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swedish National Debt Office
The Swedish National Debt Office ( or shortly ''Riksgälden'') was founded by Gustav III at the Riksdag of the Estates in 1789, through the Act of union and security. It is a Swedish Government agencies in Sweden, Government agency. The first task of the Debt Office was to finance the ongoing Gustav III's Russian War, war against Russia. The method of raising funds was to issue promissory notes called ''Riksgälds'' denominated in Riksdaler which was the Swedish currency at the time. The reason why the funds could not be raised through the Sveriges Riksbank, Riksbank was that its notes had to be backed by silver (commodity money) to two thirds, whereas no such restrictions applied for the promissory notes (credit money) issued by the Debt office. This produced a heavy seigniorage-induced inflation, where the exchange rate for the promissory notes against silver was 1 to 4 in 1834. In 1989, after two hundred years as one of the few state agencies that reported directly to the Riksda ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Riksdag Of The Estates
Riksdag of the Estates (; informally ) was the name used for the Estates of Sweden when they were assembled. Until its dissolution in 1866, the institution was the highest authority in Sweden next to the King. It was a Diet made up of the Four Estates, which historically were the lines of division in Swedish society: * Nobility * Clergy * Burghers * Peasants The inclusion of a fourth estate, ''Bondeståndet'', is a peculiarity of the Swedish realm, with few parallels in Europe. The English word ''peasant'' is however an inexact translation, as it did not include the entire peasantry, as it is usually defined in an English context. It did not include unlanded or semi-landed groups such as crofters, lodgers and seasonal labourers and of the three categories of Swedish ''bönder'', that is peasants, it included only two. Those were the ''skattebönder'' ("tax peasants"), yeomen who owned their own land and were taxed, as well as the ''kronobönder'' ("Crown farmers" or "farmers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bank
A bank is a financial institution that accepts Deposit account, deposits from the public and creates a demand deposit while simultaneously making loans. Lending activities can be directly performed by the bank or indirectly through capital markets. As banks play an important role in financial stability and the economy of a country, most jurisdictions exercise a high degree of Bank regulation, regulation over banks. Most countries have institutionalized a system known as fractional-reserve banking, under which banks hold liquid assets equal to only a portion of their current liabilities. In addition to other regulations intended to ensure accounting liquidity, liquidity, banks are generally subject to minimum capital requirements based on an international set of capital standards, the Basel Accords. Banking in its modern sense evolved in the fourteenth century in the prosperous cities of Renaissance Italy but, in many ways, functioned as a continuation of ideas and concepts o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiat Money
Fiat money is a type of government-issued currency that is not backed by a precious metal, such as gold or silver, nor by any other tangible asset or commodity. Fiat currency is typically designated by the issuing government to be legal tender, and is authorized by government regulation. Since the end of the Bretton Woods system in 1976 by the Jamaica Accords, the major currencies in the world are fiat money. Fiat money generally does not have intrinsic value and does not have use value. It has value only because the individuals who use it as a unit of account or, in the case of currency, a medium of exchange agree on its value. They trust that it will be accepted by merchants and other people as a means of payment for liabilities. Fiat money is an alternative to commodity money, which is a currency that has intrinsic value because it contains, for example, a precious metal such as gold or silver which is embedded in the coin. Fiat also differs from representative mone ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modern Era
The modern era or the modern period is considered the current historical period of human history. It was originally applied to the history of Europe and Western history for events that came after the Middle Ages, often from around the year 1500, like the Reformation in Germany giving rise to Protestantism. Since the 1990s, it has been more common among historians to refer to the period after the Middle Ages and up to the 19th century as the early modern period. The modern period is today more often used for events from the 19th century until today. The time from the end of World War II (1945) can also be described as being part of contemporary history. The common definition of the modern period today is often associated with events like the French Revolution, the Industrial Revolution, and the transition from nationalism toward the liberal international order. The modern period has been a period of significant development in the fields of science, politics, warfare, and techn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicobar (1782 DAC Ship)
''Nicobar'', was an East Indiaman of the Danish Asiatic Company, built at Asiatisk Plads in 1782. Construction The ''Nicobar'' was built on the Danish Asiatic Company's own dockyard in 1781. She was the 24th ship launched from Asiatisk Plads. Career The ''Nicobar'' was sent to Tranquebar in 1782. She was under the command of Capt. Andreas Christie. Her travel pass (''afgangspas'') was issued in May 1782. She arrived in False Bay in May 1783 and accepted several additional passengers. Some of the new passengers had just narrowly survived a shipwreck. The ''Nicobar'' was wrecked on 11 July 1783, two months after arriving in False Bay, while departing for Bengal. Most of the crew, including several lascars, perished. Only 11 crew members survived. In 1922, historian George McCall Theal made a note of the wreck in his posthumous ''History of Africa'', saying that she "ran ashore near Cape Agulhas". Two fishermen discovered her wreck off Quoin Point in 1987. Three thousand examples ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
