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Ordre National Du Mérite
The Ordre national du Mérite (; en, National Order of Merit) is a French order of merit with membership awarded by the President of the French Republic, founded on 3 December 1963 by President Charles de Gaulle. The reason for the order's establishment was twofold: to replace the large number of ministerial orders previously awarded by the ministries; and to create an award that can be awarded at a lower level than the Legion of Honour, which is generally reserved for French citizens. It comprises about 185,000 members; 306,000 members have been admitted or promoted in 50 years. History The Ordre national du Mérite comprises about 185,000 members; 306,000 members have been admitted or promoted in 50 years. Half of its recipients are required to be women. Defunct ministerial orders The Ordre national du Mérite replaced the following ministerial and colonial orders: Colonial orders * '' Ordre de l'Étoile d'Anjouan'' (1874) (Order of the Star of Anjouan) * ''Ordre du Ni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sash
A sash is a large and usually colorful ribbon or band of material worn around the body, either draping from one shoulder to the opposing hip and back up, or else running around the waist. The sash around the waist may be worn in daily attire, but the sash from shoulder to hip is worn on ceremonial occasions only. Ceremonial sashes are also found in a V-shaped format, draping straight from both shoulders down, intersecting and forming an angle over the chest or abdomen. Military use Old Europe In the mid- and late-16th century waist and shoulder sashes came up as mark of (high) military rank or to show personal affection to a political party or nation. During the Thirty Years' War the distinctive sash colour of the House of Habsburg was red while their French opponents wore white or blue sashes and the Swedish voted for blue sashes. Beginning from the end of the 17th century, commissioned officers in the British Army wore waist sashes of crimson silk. The original officer's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles De Gaulle
Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (; ; (commonly abbreviated as CDG) 22 November 18909 November 1970) was a French army officer and statesman who led Free France against Nazi Germany in World War II and chaired the Provisional Government of the French Republic from 1944 to 1946 in order to restore democracy in France. In 1958, he came out of retirement when appointed President of the Council of Ministers (Prime Minister) by President René Coty. He rewrote the Constitution of France and founded the Fifth Republic after approval by referendum. He was elected President of France later that year, a position to which he was reelected in 1965 and held until his resignation in 1969. Born in Lille, he graduated from Saint-Cyr in 1912. He was a decorated officer of the First World War, wounded several times and later taken prisoner at Verdun. During the interwar period, he advocated mobile armoured divisions. During the German invasion of May 1940, he led an armoured ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of France
The Government of France (French: ''Gouvernement français''), officially the Government of the French Republic (''Gouvernement de la République française'' ), exercises executive power in France. It is composed of the Prime Minister, who is the head of government, as well as both senior and junior ministers. The Council of Ministers, the main executive organ of the Government, was established in the Constitution in 1958. Its members meet weekly at the Élysée Palace in Paris. The meetings are presided over by the President of France, the head of state, although the officeholder is not a member of the Government. The Government's most senior ministers are titled as ministers of state (''ministres d'État''), followed in protocol order by ministers (''ministres''), ministers delegate (''ministres délégués''), whereas junior ministers are titled as secretaries of state (''secrétaires d'État''). All members of the Government, who are appointed by the President followin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ordre Du Mérite Saharien
The Ordre du Mérite Saharien (Order of Saharan Merit) was established in 1958 as a reward for social, scientific, economic or administrative services rendered by French or foreign persons who participated in the development of Saharan regions. The medal is fashioned in the form of the Agadez Cross, a traditional emblem of the Tuareg clans inhabiting the area of the former Sultanate of Agadez in Agadez, Niger. The order was deprecated by decree on 3 December 1963, and superseded by the Ordre National du Mérite The Ordre national du Mérite (; en, National Order of Merit) is a French order of merit with membership awarded by the President of the French Republic, founded on 3 December 1963 by President Charles de Gaulle. The reason for the order's estab .... Extant members of the order are permitted to wear their original decorations. Classes The Order has three classes: *''Commandeur'' (Commander) *''Officier'' (Officer) *''Chevalier'' (Knight) References * * Awards ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of Civil Merit (France)
The ''Ordre du Mérite civil'' (Order of Civil Merit) of France was created on 14 October 1957 to reward individuals who have rendered services reported to the state as part of the Ministry of Interior, or to departments, municipalities and public institutions. The order is managed by the Interior minister, assisted by a Council of the Order. The Order was deprecated by decree on 3 December 1963, and superseded by the Ordre national du Mérite The Ordre national du Mérite (; en, National Order of Merit) is a French order of merit with membership awarded by the President of the French Republic, founded on 3 December 1963 by President Charles de Gaulle. The reason for the order's estab .... Extant members may continue to display their decorations. Classes The Order has three classes: *''Commandeur'' (Commander) *''Officier'' (Officer) *''Chevalier'' (Knight) References * Civil Merit Civil Merit Awards established in 1957 1957 establishments in France 1963 disestabl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ordre Du Mérite Militaire
A suite, in Western classical music and jazz, is an ordered set of instrumental or orchestral/concert band pieces. It originated in the late 14th century as a pairing of dance tunes and grew in scope to comprise up to five dances, sometimes with a prelude, by the early 17th century. The separate movements were often thematically and tonally linked. The term can also be used to refer to similar forms in other musical traditions, such as the Turkish fasıl and the Arab nuubaat. In the Baroque era, the suite was an important musical form, also known as ''Suite de danses'', ''Ordre'' (the term favored by François Couperin), ''Partita'', or ''Ouverture'' (after the theatrical "overture" which often included a series of dances) as with the orchestral suites of Christoph Graupner, Telemann and J.S. Bach. During the 18th century, the suite fell out of favour as a cyclical form, giving way to the symphony, sonata and concerto. It was revived in the later 19th century, but in a differe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ordre Du Mérite Combattant
The ''Ordre du Mérite combattant'' (Order of Merit for Veterans) was a ministerial order of merit of France created on 14 September 1953 to reward individuals who distinguished themselves by their service and dedication in the management of the moral and material interests of veterans and war victims. These individuals' applicable service could be working in the Ministry of Veterans and War Victims or for organizations and associations who work for veterans. The order was administered and awarded the Ministry of Veterans and War Victims. The Order was deprecated by decree on 3 December 1963, and superseded by the Ordre national du Mérite. Extant members may continue to display and wear their decorations. Classes The Order has three classes: *''Chevalier'' (Knight), up to 150 awarded annually. Recipients must be at least 40 years old and have completed 15 years of qualifying service. *''Officier'' (Officer), up to 100 awarded annually. To be eligible for promotion to officer, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ordre De La Santé Publique
The Order of Public Health ( French: ''Ordre de la Santé publique'') was a French order of merit, created by presidential decree of President Albert Lebrun on 18 February 1938 and amended on 22 May 1954, and awarded for services to the public health and protection of children. It was replaced by the Ordre national du Mérite The Ordre national du Mérite (; en, National Order of Merit) is a French order of merit with membership awarded by the President of the French Republic, founded on 3 December 1963 by President Charles de Gaulle. The reason for the order's estab ... in 1963. Classes The Order had three classes, and was only awarded to people who was minimum 30 years old. *Commander (40 awards) *Officer (170 awards) *Knight (806 awards) Literature *André Souyris-Rolland: ''Guide des Ordres Civil Français et Étrangers, des Médailles d'Honneur et des Médailles des Sociétés'', Paris 1979 {{DEFAULTSORT:Ordre de la Sante publique 1938 establishments in France 196 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ordre Du Mérite Social
The ordre du Mérite social was a civil honour in France. It was set up with three grades (knight, officer and commander) by a decree dated 24 October 1936 and administered by the Ministry of Employment. It rewarded those who had given devoted and selfless service to social work and mutual societies. It replaced the Secours mutuels medals (which had themselves been set up by a decree dated 26 March 1852) and the "Médailles d’Honneur" (set up by a decree of 27 March 1858). Considered as 'associative medals', these could not be worn outside mutual benefit society circles. It also replaced the Médaille de la Prévoyance Sociale and Medaille des Assurances Sociales, set up in parallel by decrees in 1922 and 1923. The Ordre was dissolved on the creation of the Ordre national du Mérite on 3 December 1963, though its existing holders continued to enjoy its associated prerogatives for life. Grades File:Ordre du Merite social Chevalier ribbon.svg, Knight File:Ordre du Merit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of The Black Star
The Order of the Black Star (''Ordre de l'Étoile Noire'') was an order of knighthood established on 1 December 1889 at Porto-Novo by Toffa, future king of Dahomey (today the Republic of Benin). Approved and recognised by the French government on 30 July 1894, after the establishment of the new statutes of 30 August 1892, according this distinction to all those who worked to develop French influence on the west coast of Africa. Classes The order has five classes: ''Grand-Croix'' (Grand-Cross), ''Commandeur avec Plaque'' (Commander with Plaque), ''Commandeur'' (Commander), ''Officier'' (Officer), and ''Chevalier'' (Knight). The order was deprecated by decree on 3 December 1963, and superseded by the Ordre National du Mérite. Extant members of the order are permitted to wear their original decorations. Recipients * Grand-Crosses ** Amha Selassie ** Hamengkubuwono VIII ** Edgard de Larminat ** Jean de Lattre de Tassigny * Commanders with Plaque ** Michel Arnaud ** Pedro C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ordre Du Nichan El-Anouar
The Ordre du Nichan El-Anouar (Arabic: ''Order of the Light'') was established in 1887 as a colonial order of merit of the Tajurah sultanate in French Somaliland and abolished as a result of the order reform on 3 December 1963. History On 21 September 1884, the Tajurah sultanate was declared a protectorate of France with subordination to the French governor of Obok. In October 1887, Sultan Hamed bin Mohammed established the Order of Nishan-el-Anuar. The new order was approved by the Governor of Obok, Leonce Lagarde, on the condition that the award will be made with his permission. On 17 July 1888, the establishment of the order was approved by the French government, with its transfer to the jurisdiction of the Governor of Obok. According to decree dated 10 May 1896, the Order of Nishan-el-Anouar was declared a colonial award of France. The administration of the Order's affairs was entrusted to the Office of the Legion of Honor, in the image of which the Order of Nichan-El-An ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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