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On-train Monitoring Recorder
A train event recorder – also called On-Train Monitoring Recorder (OTMR), On-Train Data Recorder (OTDR), Event Recorder System (ERS), Event Recorder Unit (ERU), or simply Event Recorder (ER) – is a device that records data about the operation of train controls, the performance of the train in response to those controls, and the operation of other train control systems. It is similar to the flight data recorder found on aircraft. Functions Because event recorders are integrated with most car-borne systems, they are an attractive target for enhanced diagnostic and control functions. Some event recorders feature outputs controlling penalty braking or emergency braking systems, as well as speedometers. Data storage can be provided by magnetic tape, battery-backed RAM and, more recently, non-volatile EEPROM or flash memory, overwritten in a FIFO continuous loop. The data is intended for use in the investigation of accidents and other incidents, but is also used to monitor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1853 Straffan Rail Accident
The Straffan Rail Disaster occurred on 5 October 1853, when a goods train ran into the back of a stationary passenger train south of Straffan station in County Kildare. Background The Great Southern and Western Railway line from Dublin to Cork had only been in operation six years when 18 people died in what is still Ireland's third-worst railway tragedy, having only been surpassed by the Armagh rail disaster of 1889 (80 killed) and the Ballymacarrett rail crash of 1945 (23 killed). Events At 6:20 pm on 5 October 1853, the piston rod on a locomotive snapped, stranding the newly introduced noon express train from Cork south of Straffan Station, towards Baronrath, in a dense fog and gathering twilight. There were a total of 45 passengers in the two first- and three second-class carriages. Edward Croker Barrington, a solicitor for the company, who was a passenger on the train, directed the fireman, John O'Hara, to signal a warning to a 20-wagon goods train which had been passed i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fire-resistance Rating
A fire-resistance rating typically means the duration for which a passive fire protection system can withstand a standard fire resistance test. This can be quantified simply as a measure of time, or it may entail other criteria, involving evidence of functionality or fitness for purpose. Common rating systems The following depict the most commonly used international time/temperature curves: File:Din iso astm ul curves.JPG, Time/Temperature Curves used for testing the fire-resistance rating of passive fire protection systems such as firestops, fire doors, wall and floor assemblies, etc., which are used in compartmentalisation in buildings and the petrochemical industry in Europe and North America. File:Tunnel hc iso curves.jpg, Time/Temperature Curves used for testing the fire-resistance rating of passive fire protection systems in tunnels in Germany, The Netherlands and France. File:Rws tunnel curve.jpg, Time/Temperature Curve used for testing the fire-resistance rating of pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hardening (computing)
In computer security, hardening is usually the process of securing a system by reducing its surface of vulnerability, which is larger when a system performs more functions; in principle a single-function system is more secure than a multipurpose one. Reducing available ways of attack typically includes changing default passwords, the removal of unnecessary software, unnecessary usernames or logins, and the disabling or removal of unnecessary services. There are various methods of hardening Unix and Linux systems. This may involve, among other measures, applying a patch to the kernel such as Exec Shield or PaX; closing open network ports; and setting up intrusion-detection systems, firewalls and intrusion-prevention systems. There are also hardening scripts and tools like Lynis, Bastille Linux, JASS for Solaris systems and Apache/PHP Hardener that can, for example, deactivate unneeded features in configuration files or perform various other protective measures. Binary harden ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Public Transport
Public transport (also known as public transportation, public transit, mass transit, or simply transit) is a system of transport for passengers by group travel systems available for use by the general public unlike private transport, typically managed on a schedule, operated on established routes, and that charge a posted fee for each trip. There is no rigid definition; the ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' specifies that public transportation is within urban areas, and air travel is often not thought of when discussing public transport—dictionaries use wording like "buses, trains, etc." Examples of public transport include Public transport bus service, city buses, trolleybuses, trams (or light rail) and Passenger rail transport, passenger trains, rapid transit (metro/subway/underground, etc.) and ferry, ferries. Public transport between cities is dominated by airlines, intercity bus service, coaches, and intercity rail. High-speed rail networks are being developed in many parts ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Railroad Administration
The Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) is an agency in the United States Department of Transportation (DOT). The agency was created by the Department of Transportation Act of 1966. The purpose of the FRA is to promulgate and enforce rail safety regulations, administer railroad assistance programs, conduct research and development in support of improved railroad safety and national rail transportation policy, provide for the rehabilitation of Northeast Corridor rail passenger service, and consolidate government support of rail transportation activities. The FRA is one of ten agencies within DOT concerned with intermodal transportation. It operates through seven divisions under the offices of the Administrator and Deputy Administrator. These divisions are: Financial Management and Administration, Chief Counsel, Civil Rights, Public Affairs, Public Engagement, Railroad Policy and Development, and Safety. It has a staff of about 850. Function All passenger and freight rail ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Punktförmige Zugbeeinflussung
PZB or Indusi is an intermittent cab signalling system and train protection system used in Germany, Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Romania, Israel, Serbia, on two lines in Hungary, on the Tyne and Wear Metro in the United Kingdom, and formerly on the Trillium Line in Canada. Developed in Germany, the historic short name Indusi was derived from German ("inductive train protection"). Later generations of the system were named PZB (short for German , literally "punctiform train influencing", translated as "intermittent train protection" or officially "intermittent automatic train running control"), highlighting that the PZB/Indusi system is a family of intermittent train control systems, in comparison with the continuous train control systems including LZB (German , literally "linear train influencing") that were introduced at the time. Originally, Indusi provided warnings and enforced braking only if the warning was not acknowledged (similar to traditional automatic train stop). The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flaman Speed Indicator And Recorder
The Flaman Speed Indicator and Recorder was a device patented in 1901 by Nicolas Charles Eugène Flaman of France for indicating the current speed of a vehicle (for example a railway locomotive) and recording it on a paper tape that could be unrolled and examined at the end of a run to provide evidence of the speeds attained on the journey. Design features The paper tape recording was driven directly by the wheels of the locomotive, with the paper spool moving at a fixed rate per kilometre travelled. Three graphs were recorded, the first being time elapsed (with the trace moving vertically if the train was stationary), the second being a speed curve. and the third recording the driver's attentiveness to signals ("Vigilance") by marking one tick above a line when the driver depressed a button, and another below the line when the engine went over the signal ramp. Data recorded Read together, it was possible to determine exactly what speed the locomotive had been travelling at any poi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berner Zeitung
''Berner Zeitung'' (literally: "Journal of Bern"), also branded as ''BZ'', is a Swiss German-language daily newspaper, published by Tamedia in Bern. History and profile ''Berner Zeitung'' was first issued on 3 January 1979. Four different papers led to the creation of the also called ''BZ'': The ''Intelligenzblatt'' (1834), which was renamed ''Berner Tagblatt'' in 1888; The ''Emmenthaler Nachrichten'' (1883), the weekly newspaper of Emmenthal (1844) and the ''Neue Berner Zeitung'' (1919). When the ''Emmenthaler Blatt'' and the ''Neue Berner Zeitung'' were merged in 1973, ''Berner Zeitung'' was created. This paper merged with the daily news (former ''Emmenthaler Nachrichten'') in 1977 creating the ''Berner Nachrichten'', which was first released on 3 January 1979. The first editor-in-chief was Peter Schindler who was in charge between 1979 and 1982. His successors were Urs P. Gasche (1982-1985), Ronald Roggen (1985-1986), Beat Hurni (1987-1996) and Andreas Z'Graggen (1996-2005). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hasler Rail
Hassler (also Haßler, Häßler, Hässler, Hasler, ...) is a toponymic surname derived from a number of places called Hasel or Hassel in German-speaking parts of Europe. Notable people with this name include: Musicians *A musical dynasty in Nuremberg ** Isaak Hassler (c.1530 – 1591), organist and father of three brothers: *** Kasper Hassler (1562–1618), minor composer and publisher ***Hans Leo Hassler (1564–1612), an important German composer and organist *** Jakob Hassler (1569–1622), composer most noted for his keyboard works *Johann Wilhelm Hässler (1747–1822), German organist and composer Athletes *Nicole Hassler (1941–1996), French figure skater *Des Hasler (b. 1961), Australian rugby league footballer and coach *Thomas Häßler (b. 1966), former German football player and 1990 World Cup winner * Dominic Hassler (b. 1981), Austrian football player Other professions *Johann Hasler (b. 1548, died after 1602), Swiss theologian and physician *Ferdinand Rudolph H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dynamometer Car
A dynamometer car is a railroad maintenance of way car used for measuring various aspects of a locomotive's performance. Measurements include tractive effort (pulling force), power, top speed, etc. History The first dynamometer car was probably one built in about 1838 by the "Father of Computing" Charles Babbage. Working for the Great Western Railway of Great Britain, he equipped a passenger carriage to be placed between an engine and train and record data on a continuously moving roll of paper. The recorded data included the pulling force of the engine, a plot of the path of the carriage and the vertical shake of the carriage. The work was undertaken to help support the position of the Great Western Railway in the controversy over standardizing the British track gauge. In the United States, the Pennsylvania Railroad began using dynamometer cars in the 1860s. The first modern dynamometer car in the United States was built in 1874 by P. H. Dudley for the New York Central Rail ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
